Increase Muscle Strength Research Articles

Treatment with tofacitinib attenuates muscle loss through myogenin activation in the collagen-induced arthritis.

Sarcopenia is a muscle disease characterized by reduction of muscle strength and muscle mass. In RA, 25.9 to 43.3% of the patients present sarcopenia. The loss of muscle mass observed in RA patients occurs either by activation of catabolic pathways or by inhibition of anabolic pathways. Despite having a list of drugs capable of treating RA inflammation, their effect on muscle is unclear. Our objective was to evaluate the tofacitinib effect on the muscle mass of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. CIA was induced in male DBA/1J mice by subcutaneous injection of Type 2 Collagen plus Freund Adjuvant. Animals were randomized into 3 groups: CIA + tofacitinib; CIA + vehicle; and healthy controls. Treatment was administered twice a day, between days 18 and 45 after induction. Clinical score, edema, and body weight were evaluated during the experimental period. After euthanasia, tibiotarsal joints were collected for assessment of disease histopathological score, and tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemius (GA) muscles were weighed to assess muscle mass. Muscle atrophy was evaluated by measurement of TA myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA). Protein expression was evaluated by western blot using GA homogenates. Serum inflammatory markers were evaluated by ELISA. Statistical analysis included ANOVA followed by Tukey's or with Kruskal-Wallis. The statistical difference was assumed for p < 0.05. Tofacitinib treatment decreased arthritis severity by reducing clinical score, and hind paw edema in comparison with the vehicle group. Tofacitinib showed weight gain, higher TA and GA weights, and increased CSA compared to the vehicle group. On day 45, Tofacitinib presented increased muscle strength compared to the vehicle group, however, no difference was found in muscle fatigue. Pax7 expression was unchanged, while MyoD expression showed an increasing trend, and myogenin expression was significantly increased in Tofacitinib compared to vehicle and control groups. The treatment didn't modify Murf-1 expression. Tofacitinib mice showed decreased serum levels of TNF and increased IL-6 serum levels. Tofacitinib attenuated muscle loss in arthritic mice, increased muscle weight and muscle CSA. Activation of satellite cell regeneration, based on the increased expression of myogenin, is a potential mechanism involved in tofacitinib action against muscle loss.

Nicotinamide and pyridoxine stimulate muscle stem cell expansion and enhance regenerative capacity during aging.

Skeletal muscle relies on resident muscle stem cells (MuSCs) for growth and repair. Aging and muscle diseases impair MuSC function, leading to stem cell exhaustion and regenerative decline that contribute to the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. In the absence of clinically available nutritional solutions specifically targeting MuSCs, we used a human myogenic progenitor (hMP) high-content imaging screen of natural molecules from food to identify nicotinamide (NAM) and pyridoxine (PN) as bioactive nutrients that stimulate MuSCs and have history of safe human use. NAM and PN synergize via CK1-mediated cytoplasmic β-catenin activation and AKT signaling to promote amplification and differentiation of MuSCs. Oral treatment with a combination of NAM/PN accelerates muscle regeneration in vivo by stimulating MuSCs, increases muscle strength during recovery, and overcomes MuSC dysfunction and regenerative failure during aging. Levels of NAM and bioactive PN spontaneously decline during aging in model organisms and inter-independently associate with muscle mass and walking speed in a human cohort of 186 aged people. Collectively, our results establish NAM/PN as a new nutritional intervention that stimulates MuSCs, enhances muscle regeneration, and alleviates age-related muscle decline with a direct opportunity for clinical translation.

Selected Specific Physical Training Program to Improve Jump Ability for Aerobic Gymnastic

Background and Aim: For aerobic gymnasts, a customized physical training regimen is essential because it increases muscle strength, improves performance quality, and lowers the risk of injury. It also cultivates priceless life lessons like self-control and tenacity, which are essential for athletes' overall growth. In the end, these kinds of programs are essential for optimizing physical ability, guaranteeing competitiveness, and developing well-rounded people in the demanding world of aerobic gymnastics. This research objective was to select specific physical training programs on Jumping ability and to compare the effect of selected specific physical training programs within the experimental group on jumping ability between pretest, after week 4, and posttest. Materials and Methods: The research was a quasi-experimental design, The Population was the 23 aerobic gymnastic players of Qingyuan City No. 3 Middle School in Guangdong Province, in 2023, aged 16-17 years. The sample was 23 aerobic gymnastic players, a purposive sampling method. They examined jump ability in the Straddle jump test, 360-degree-jump test, Split leap test, and power strength such as the Vertical jump test, Standing long jump test, and Wall squat test with pretest, after week 4 and posttest. The selected specific physical training programs were conducted for an eight-week duration of training, three days each week (Monday Wednesday Friday) and 1.30 hours per time. Data were collected and analyzed for mean and standard deviation. Differences were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures. Bonferroni performed a post hoc pairwise comparison. The significance level is set to .05. Result: (1) The mean and standard deviation of jump ability and, strength and power which divide into the pretest, after week 4 and the posttest were followed by the Straddle jump was 4.61 ± 1.31, 6.13 ± 1.22 and 8.00 ± 0.74 score, 360-degree-jump was 5.57 ± 0.79, 6.96 ± 0.64 and 8.39 ± 0.58 score, Split leap test was 5.30 ± 0.76, 6.65 ± 0.71 and 8.26 ± 0.62 score, Vertical jump was 256.91 ± 23.50, 262.91 ± 24.55 and 269.09 ± 25.53 cm., Standing long jump was 204.83 ± 31.02, 209.43 ± 31.81 and 214.43 ± 31.82 cm. and Wall squat was 54.04 ± 10.44, 59.61 ± 11.02 and 66.04 ± 11.37 sec respectively. (2) The mean comparison of aerobic gymnastic jump ability and strength and power with the pre-test after week 4 and post-test found that all pairwise post hoc, pretest-after week 4, pretest-posttest, and after week 4- post-test were significant differences (*p&lt;.05). Conclusion: The special physical training program can improve the jumping ability of aerobic gymnastic players. This study concludes the most effective methods to improve the jumping ability of aerobics athletes, discusses and corrects the deficiencies in the training process, bids farewell to the boring traditional exercises, and expands the application of the training contents, it provides a basis for teachers to formulate training programs.

Effect of muscle strength on deep vein thrombosis: A Mendelian randomization study.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a serious condition characterized by blood clots in deep veins, posing a significant public health burden. Muscle strength has been implicated as a potential risk factor for DVT due to its influence on venous return. This study aims to investigate the causal association between muscle strength and DVT using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, leveraging genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs). We conducted a 2-sample MR analysis using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for hand-grip strength and DVT. IVs were selected based on their significant associations with muscle strength and DVT, as well as their linkage disequilibrium patterns. We employed statistical methods including inverse-variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median to address pleiotropy bias. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the results. A total of 21 and 14 independent IVs were identified for hand grip strength (EWGSOP) and hand grip strength (FNIH), respectively. IVW analysis revealed a consistent causal and negative association between both definitions of hand grip strength and DVT (EWGSOP: OR = 0.702, 95% CI: 0.511-0.964, P = .029; FNIH: OR = 0.715, 95% CI: 0.570-0.898, P = .004). No directional pleiotropy was detected in MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO analyses for either definition (EWGSOP: MR-Egger Intercept P = .516; MR-PRESSO global test P = .162; FNIH: MR-Egger Intercept P = .569; MR-PRESSO global test P = .371).Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the stability of the causal effect estimates, with little influence from individual IVs. The MR analysis provided evidence of a causal association between muscle strength and DVT risk, suggesting that increasing muscle strength may have a protective effect. These findings have implications for preventive strategies and the promotion of resistance exercises and muscle-strengthening activities. Further research and validation of these results could inform clinical guidelines and interventions for DVT prevention.

GABA Prevents Sarcopenia by Regulation of Muscle Protein Degradation and Inflammaging in 23- to 25-Month-Old Female Mice.

Sarcopenia is the gradual decrease in skeletal muscle mass, strength and function in elderly individuals. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter naturally produced from glutamate by the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase. Age-related decline in GABA is linked to age-related motor and sensory decline and seems to affect sarcopenia, yet no detailed study has been conducted. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of GABA on improving sarcopenia by suppressing muscle protein degradation through supplementing decreased GABA in old mice. GABA (10 or 30 mg/kg/day) was orally administered daily to young (3 months) and old (21-23 months) C57BL/6 mice for 7 weeks. The body weight and grip strength of the mice were measured weekly at the same time. After sacrificing the mice, the quadriceps and gastrocnemius muscles were excised from their hind limbs, and the spleen and serum were collected. Histological, biochemical and molecular analyses were conducted in various experiments. The administration of GABA increased muscle strength (+41%, +70% compared to the aged mouse control group, GABA at doses of 10 or 30 mg/kg/day respectively, p < 0.05) and muscle mass (quadriceps: +28%, +46%; gastrocnemius: +12%, +19%, p < 0.05) in old mice. This increase was accompanied by a cross-sectional area (CSA) increase in the quadriceps and gastrocnemius muscle (p < 0.05). The administration of GABA increased IGF-1 levels in serum (p < 0.05), leading to the activation of muscle protein synthesis. We found that GABA inhibits sarcopenia by regulating muscle protein degradation through the activation of Akt/mTOR/FoxO3a signalling pathways. GABA also regulates inflammaging, which is a hallmark of age-related muscle atrophy. There was a significant increase in the F4/80 + CD11b + total macrophage ratio in gastrocnemius and spleen, especially the M1 macrophage ratio increased in old mice. However, GABA administration was effective in suppressing M1 macrophages (gastrocnemius: -40%, - 53%; spleen: -22%, -26%, p < 0.05). Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, primarily secreted by M1 macrophages, are also decreased by treatment with GABA (TNF-α: -24%, -27%; IL-6: -45%, -59%, p < 0.05). Together, this study demonstrates the importance of GABA in maintaining muscle and low-chronic inflammation during ageing. We suggest that GABA shows potential as a substance that can effectively address sarcopenia and enhance the overall lifespan and well-being of older individuals.

Penataklasanaan Fisioterapi Pada Kasus Tennis Elbow Sinistra dengan Modalitas Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) dan Hold Relax Exercise di RSUD Ciereng Subang

Tennis Elbow is the formation of abnormal tissue in the wrist extensor muscles which occurs due to inflammation due to excessive contraction. To determine the implementation of Physiotherapy in reducing pain, increasing muscle strength, increasing the Scope of Joint Movement and increasing functional ability and preventing contractures in Tennis Elbow Sinistra cases using Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and Hold Relax Exercise modalities. After 6 treatments using VAS, it showed a decrease in movement pain from T1 with a value of 6 to T6 with a value of 3, a decrease in tender pain from T1 with a value of 5 to T6 with a value of 3, while for silent pain T1 to T6 a value of 0. There was an increase in strength. muscles using MMT, namely elbow extension muscle T1 worth 4 to T6 worth 5, elbow flexion muscle T1 worth 3 to T6 worth 5, supination muscle T1 worth 3 to T6 5, pronation muscle T1 worth 3 to T6 worth 5, wrist extension muscle T1 value 4 becomes T6 value 5, while the wrist, radial and ulnar flexion muscles are normal, namely T1 value 5 and T6 value 5. There is an increase in the range of motion of the joints by measuring using a Goneometer, namely in the elbow joint in the sagittal plane T1: 00-00-1450 becomes T6 : 00-00-1500, in the rotation plane T1 : 900-00-700 becomes T6 : 900-00-800, and in the sagittal plane wrist joint T1 : 400-00-500 becomes T6 : 500-00-600, while in The frontal plane is normal, namely T1: 200-00-300 becomes 200-00-300. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) can help reduce pain and reduce muscle tension, Hold Relax Exercise can increase muscle strength, reduce stiffness and increase joint range of motion and can help improve functional ability.

Effectiveness of Intradialytic Exercise on Muscle Strength and Fatigue Score in Chronic Kidney Failure (CKF) Patients in the Grandmed Hemodialysis Room

Chronic kidney failure is a progressive and irreversible kidney dysfunction in which the body's ability to maintain metabolism, fluid and electrolyte balance is disrupted, resulting in uremia or azotemia. Hemodialysis is a form of treatment for patients with chronic kidney failure, in which the patient's blood is diverted out of the body through a dialyzer, which occurs through diffusion and ultrafiltration, after which the blood is returned to the patient's body. Several methods to maintain muscle strength and reduce fatigue scores, namely intradialytic exercise is an exercise program developed that can increase muscle strength, muscle endurance and physical activity. The general objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of intradialytic exercise involvement interventions on muscle strength and fatigue scores in hemodialysis patients at GrandMed Lubuk Pakam Hospital. This research method is a quantitative study, using a quasy experiment with a one group pre-test post-test design. The population in this study were all patients with Chronic Kidney Failure who were recorded at the Medical Records Hospital Grandmed Lubuk Pakam from October 2021 to December 2022. With inclusion criteria: respondents experienced movement disorders, muscle cramps, and weakness. The number of samples was 22 respondents. The sampling technique used in this research is non-probability sampling, namely purposive sampling. The statistical test used is the Wilcoxon test. The Wilcoxon test results obtained significant results from the intradialytic exercise technique on muscle strength and fatigue scores with a p value of 0.00 each. So that it can be concluded that there is an effect of giving good intradialytic exercise interventions on muscle strength &amp; fatigue scores in chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis

Interrelationships of cervical spine sagittal alignment and whole spinopelvic alignment under implications of musculoskeletal health among independent elderly women in Taiwan: A cross-sectional study.

Older women are at increased risk of spinal misalignment and its associated complications. This study investigated the influence of age, grip strength, and various sagittal spinal parameters on spinal alignment. The results indicate the need for comprehensive management strategies. This cross-sectional study included 200 older women who underwent bone health evaluations at the orthopedic department of a hospital. The study participants underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, grip strength measurement, and full-length spine radiography. Clinical and radiographic parameters were analyzed through Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses. Significant correlations were identified between grip strength and spinal parameters such as C7 slope and global tilt, indicating that muscle strength affects spinal alignment. Advanced age was associated with changes in sagittal spinal parameters, indicating that changes occur in body compensation over time. Furthermore, pelvic parameters such as pelvic tilt and sacral slope were significantly correlated with spinal curvature, indicating their critical roles in maintaining spinal stability. This study revealed the critical roles of muscle strength and pelvic alignment in the management of spinal health in older women with low bone mass. Targeted interventions for increasing muscle strength, correcting posture, and achieving hormonal balance can notably improve spinal stability and reduce the risk of associated complications. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to validate and refine the intervention strategies and to extend the study findings.

OPTIMIZING THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ADULTS BY USING EMS FITNESS TECHNOLOGY IN LEISURE TIME MOTOR ACTIVITIES

EMS Fitness is an electrical muscle stimulation, a full-body training method that offers the combination of strength training and cardio training through a machine that uses electrical impulses to stimulate muscle contraction. The aim of the study was to follow the effects of electrostimulation training on body composition, weight loss and muscle strength increase. Ten people, women and men, aged between 25 and 50, were studied. We want to demonstrate the hypothesis that the use of the EMS Fitness technique over a period of 90 days will lead to a decrease in body weight, optimisation of body mass index and increase in muscle strength. Participants in the exercise group performed 12 weeks of high-intensity training using specific EMS equipment in an Xbody. The objective of the experiment was to identify whether the use of EMS technology contributed to changes in body mass, skeletal muscle mass, body fat and visceral fat. All exercise sessions were constantly supervised; in addition, exercise intensity, volume and frequency were recorded in training logs. A body composition scale was used for testing, which provides accurate body analysis using BIA technology. The training scheme was used for 12 weeks, changing the dosage and intensity for each subject, with the first signs of weight loss appearing after the first week. Methods used in the research: experimental method, graph-tabel method, observation method, bibliographic study method. Our results support the hypothesis, as the use of the EMS Fitness technique over a period of 90 days led to decreased body mass, optimized body mass index and increased muscle strength. In conclusion, I believe that people in Romania should have a wider openness in practicing physical exercise in their free time in order to develop a healthy generation and decrease the possibility of reaching the stage of obesity and stopping diseases, and a good help in achieving this goal is presented by training using EMS Fitness technology.

Fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida Enhances Exercise Performance and Increases the Abundance of Beneficial Gut Bacteria in Mice

Fucoidans, known for their diverse biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitumor, and immune stimulatory effects, have recently gained attention for their potential benefits in exercise endurance, muscle mass, and anti-fatigue. However, the mechanisms by which fucoidans enhance exercise performance are still unclear. To investigate these effects, we administered 400 mg/kg/day of fucoidan extract derived from Undaria pinnatifida to 64 C57BL/6J mice over 10 weeks. We evaluated changes in running activity, mitochondrial-related gene expression in skeletal muscle, and alterations in the intestinal microbiome. Our results showed that fucoidan supplementation significantly increased daily running distance and muscle mass by 25.5% and 10.4%, respectively, in mice on a standard chow diet, and with more modest effects observed in those on a high-fat diet (HFD). Additionally, fucoidan supplementation led to a significant increase in beneficial gut bacteria, including Bacteroides/Prevotella, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Lactobacillus, along with a notable reduction in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, indicating improved gut microbiome health. Mechanistically, fucoidan supplementation upregulated the mRNA expression of key genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative capacity, such as COX4, MYH1, PGC-1α, PPAR-γ, and IGF1, in both standard chow and HFD-fed mice. Our findings suggest that fucoidan supplementation enhances exercise performance, improves muscle function, and positively modulates the gut microbiome in mice, regardless of diet. These effects may be attributed to fucoidans’ potential prebiotic role, promoting the abundance of beneficial gut bacteria and contributing to enhanced exercise performance, increased muscle strength, and improved recovery.

Optimizing a resistance training program to increase muscle strength: a comprehensive planning approach - a systematic review

Background: Muscle strength is an essential factor in maintaining one's health and quality of life. Resistance training programs have been known to be effective in improving muscle strength. However, their success can be affected by various factors, including exercise variety, volume, intensity, frequency, and duration. To optimize the effects of a resistance training program, a comprehensive planning approach is essential. Study Objective: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the literature to explore a comprehensive planning approach in optimizing resistance exercise programs to improve muscle strength. Materials and Methods: A systematic method was used to identify relevant studies from various scientific databases. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to select studies that fit the research objectives. Data from the selected studies were extracted and analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness and planning approaches used in resistance exercise programs. Results: The results of this systematic review indicate that a comprehensive planning approach, including individualization of the program, progressive and adaptive, integration of functional exercises, and periodic monitoring and evaluation, are critical factors in optimizing resistance exercise programs. Studies showed differences in the effectiveness of resistance training programs based on these factors. Conclusion: By integrating a comprehensive planning approach, resistance exercise programs can be optimized to achieve maximal muscle strength gains. Practical implications of these findings include relevance to specific populations and application in the context of rehabilitation. Future research should focus more on understanding the interactions between these factors and explore more specific planning approaches to improve the effectiveness of resistance training programs.

Effects of Creatine Supplementation and Resistance Training on Muscle Strength Gains in Adults

Numerous meta-analyses have assessed the efficacy of creatine supplementation in increasing muscle strength. However, most have not considered the effect of the participants' age, training duration, or other confounding variables on strength outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to consider the effect of these variables on the potential efficacy of creatine supplementation and resistance training for improving measures of muscle strength. Four databases were searched (MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and SPORTDiscus) with a search end date of 22 May 2024. Twenty-three studies were included, with 20 studies involving males (447 male participants), 2 studies involving females (40 female participants), and 1 study involving both males and females (13 male participants and 9 female participants). In comparison with a placebo, creatine supplementation combined with resistance training significantly increased upper-body (WMD = 4.43 kg, p < 0.001) and lower-body strength (WMD = 11.35 kg, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed a trend for greater upper-body strength improvements for males on creatine compared with females on creatine (p = 0.067, Q = 3.366). Additionally, males who consumed creatine combined with resistance training significantly increased both upper- and lower-body strength, whereas females showed no significant gains. There was a trend indicating greater lower-body strength gains from high-dose creatine compared with lower doses (p = 0.068, Q = 3.341). No other variables influenced the effect of creatine supplementation. In conclusions, creatine supplementation with resistance training enhances upper- and lower-body muscle strength in adults aged < 50, with greater benefits likely to be seen in males than females.

Effects of muscle strength exercise on muscle mass and muscle strength in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study systematically reviews the effects of muscle strength exercises on muscle mass and strength in stroke patients by analyzing randomized controlled trials. Ten studies, involving a total of 378 stroke patients, were included in the meta-analysis. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random effects model. The results indicated that strength exercises had a medium effect on increasing muscle strength in stroke patients (SMD, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.47-0.72; I 2 =51%; P<0.05). Specifically, strength exercises were found to be particularly effective in chronic stroke patients, showing a medium effect on muscle strength (SMD, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.55-0.81; I 2 =45%; P<0.05). The study also compared the effects based on repetition maximum (RM) settings, revealing that strength increased significantly regardless of whether RM was used, with studies showing medium effects (with RM: SMD, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.4-0.64; I 2 =0%; P<0.05; without RM: SMD, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.4-0.91; I 2 =72%; P<0.05). The study concludes that strength exercises are beneficial for improving muscle strength in chronic stroke patients, but the use of RM to set exercise intensity is not strictly necessary.

A functional exercise program improves pain and health related quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia: a randomized controlled trial

Background/objectiveFibromyalgia is a non-inflammatory syndrome characterized by generalized muscle pain, with other symptoms. Numerous forms of physical training for this population have been studied through high-quality randomized clinical trials involving strength, flexibility, aerobic conditioning and multicomponent exercise interventions. This research evaluated the effectiveness of a functional exercise program at reducing pain, improving functional capacity, increasing muscle strength as well as improving flexibility, balance and quality of life in individuals with fibromyalgia.MethodsEighty-two women with fibromyalgia were randomized into two groups. The functional exercise group performed functional exercises in 45-minute sessions twice per week for 14 weeks. The stretching exercise group performed flexibility exercises with the same duration and frequency. Outcome measures were: visual analog scale for widespread pain; Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire for health-related quality of life; Timed Up and Go test for functional performance; one-repetition maximum for muscle strength, Sit and Reach test on Wells bench for flexibility; Berg Balance Scale for balance; SF-36 for general quality of life.ResultsAfter the intervention, the functional exercise group had a statistically significant reduction in pain (interaction p = 0.002), and improvement in health-related quality of life measured by the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (interaction p < 0.001) and in general health state domain of SF-36 (interaction p = 0.043) compared to the stretching exercise group. No significant differences between groups were found regarding improvements in functional capacity, muscle strength, flexibility or balance.ConclusionFunctional exercise training was effective at reducing pain and improving quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia compared to stretching exercises.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03682588 First prospectively registered in March 2018.

Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics on Sarcopenia Parameters in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

There is scarce evidence about which probiotic, prebiotic, or synbiotic supplementation is the most appropriate to improve sarcopenia parameters, and this presents a challenge. The effects of consumption of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on sarcopenia, muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance and function were assessed in this study. In addition, another aim of the study was to determine the best probiotic, prebiotic, and/or synbiotic for the management of sarcopenia in older adults. A systematic search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS databases, and other sources (eg, references obtained from articles identified in databases). The search was limited from 2000 to 2023 and was based on sarcopenia parameters, and probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics supplementation. The quality of each included study also was assessed. A meta-analysis was performed with the Review Manager program and publication bias and sensitivity analysis were performed. Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the systematic review and 4 in the meta-analysis. Results showed that probiotics supplementation improved muscle strength and physical performance and function and suggested a beneficial effect on muscle mass. Prebiotics are suggested to be effective on muscle strength. The meta-analysis also determined that probiotic interventions were effective in increasing muscle strength by handgrip strength (mean difference [MD], 2.50 kg [95% CI, 1.33-3.66]; P < .0001) and physical performance and function by gait speed (MD, 0.10 m/s [95% CI, 1.33-3.66]; P < .0001) and physical performance and function by gait speed (MD, 0.10 m/s [95%CI, 0.03-0.16]; P = .003), but when sensitivity analysis was applied, the effectiveness was only maintained for gait speed. Nutritional strategies based on probiotic supplementation seem to improve muscle strength and physical function. More robust research is needed with high-quality RCTs to confirm probiotics' effects. There is still limited evidence about prebiotic and synbiotic strategies, and more evidence is needed to elucidate their effects on sarcopenia parameters. PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022360514.

Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Enhance Gains in Muscle Strength and Lean Body Mass or Influence Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Vitamin D-Insufficient Middle-Aged Men Engaged in Resistance Training.

This study checked whether vitamin D (Vit-D) supplementation improves the efficacy of resistance training (RT) in terms of increasing muscle strength and lean body mass (LBM), and influencing cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) in Vit-D-deficient middle-aged healthy men. Participants (n = 28) were quasi-randomly assigned to one of two groups, which, in a double-blind manner, supplemented their diet daily with either Vit-D (8000 IU; VD) or placebo (PLC) during participation in a 12-week supervised RT program. During the intervention, serum Vit-D concentrations increased 2.6-fold (p < 0.001) in the VD group, while no changes occurred in the PLC group. Muscle strength gains (p < 0.001) as measured in seven exercises performed on RT equipment and increases (p < 0.001) in LBM were similar in the two groups. Total fat mass, percent total fat, and percent android fat decreased (p < 0.05) to a similar extent in both groups, but there was no change in VO2max in either group. In conclusion, in healthy Vit-D-insufficient middle-aged men engaged in resistance training, Vit-D supplementation increases serum 25(OH)D levels but does not enhance gains in muscle strength and LBM, or decreases in fat mass and fat percentage, and does not affect cardiorespiratory fitness.

Are Free Weights Or Resistance Bands Better For Increasing Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy And Fat Loss

Are Free Weights Or Resistance Bands Better For Increasing Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy And Fat Loss

OS EFEITOS DE EXERCÍCIO DE IMPACTO EM PACIENTES COM OSTEOPOROSE PÓS MENOPAUSA

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by the loss of bone mineral density, which increases the risk of fractures, especially in women. It affects women more due to hormonal changes, and in postmenopause, due to the drop in estrogen levels, which aggravates bone loss. Objective: This was to investigate the effects of impact exercises in patients diagnosed with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods: This is an integrative review of the literature, where the PICO strategy was adopted, thus the guiding question of the study was “What are the effects of impact exercises on the bone mineral density of patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis?”. The data search took place between July and August 2024, in the PUBMED, PEDro and LILACS databases, using the descriptors: “impact exercises”, “osteoporosis” and “postmenopause”. A total of 76 articles were found and after applying the eligibility criteria, 8 were used in this review. Results: Impact exercises, such as resistance, aerobic and Pilates exercises, were shown to be effective in improving bone mineral density, muscle strength and balance in postmenopausal women, reducing the risk of fractures and improving quality of life. Conclusion: It is concluded that high-impact exercises offer several benefits for women with osteoporosis in the postmenopausal period, including increased muscle strength, improved balance, lipid profile, calcium absorption, quality of life and bone mineral density.

Effect of Isoflavone on Muscle Atrophy in Ovariectomized Mice.

Sarcopenia, characterized by muscle mass decline due to aging or other causes, is exacerbated by decreased estrogen levels after menopause in women. Isoflavones, a class of flavonoids acting on estrogen receptors, may have beneficial effects on metabolic disorders. We examined these effects in ovariectomized mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHSD). At 7 weeks old, female C57BL6/J mice (18-20 g, n = 12) underwent bilateral ovariectomy (OVX), and were then fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet starting at 8 weeks of age. Half of the mice received isoflavone water (0.1%). Metabolic analyses, including glucose and insulin tolerance tests, were conducted. Muscle analysis involved grip strength assays, next-generation sequencing, quantitative RT-PCR, and western blotting of skeletal muscle after euthanizing the mice at 14 weeks old. Additionally, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of the gut microbiota was performed. The results demonstrated that isoflavone administration did not affect body weight, glucose tolerance, or lipid metabolism. In contrast, isoflavone-treated mice had higher grip strength. Gene expression analysis of the soleus muscle revealed decreased Trim63 expression, and western blotting showed inactivation of muscle-specific RING finger protein 1 in isoflavone-treated mice. Gut microbiota analysis indicated higher Bacteroidetes and lower Firmicutes abundance in the isoflavone group, along with increased microbiota diversity. Gene sets related to TNF-α signaling via NF-κB and unfolded protein response were negatively associated with isoflavones. Isoflavone intake alters gut microbiota and increases muscle strength, suggesting a potential role in improving sarcopenia in menopausal women.

Penerapan Range Of Mation (ROM) terhadap Peningkatan Kekuatan Otot dengan Kasus Stroke Non Hemoragik pada Ny. A Di UPT PSTW Jember

Background: Stroke remains a major health issue both in Indonesia and globally. Non-hemorrhagic stroke is a leading cause of physical disability, resulting in decreased muscle strength and motor function. Physical rehabilitation, including Range of Motion (ROM) exercises, plays a crucial role in the recovery of stroke patients by restoring muscle function and improving muscle strength. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ROM exercises in improving muscle strength in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients with physical mobility impairment. Methods: A descriptive study with a case study approach was conducted on one non-hemorrhagic stroke patient who was given passive ROM exercises for 7 days, with a frequency of twice a day (morning and evening). The instruments used included Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and a Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) observation sheet to assess muscle strength before and after the passive ROM intervention. Results: The study showed a significant increase in muscle strength after ROM exercises. Muscle strength consistently improved throughout the intervention, indicating that ROM exercises are effective in enhancing muscle strength in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients. Conclusion: Regular ROM exercises can increase muscle strength in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients. Initially, the patient's left extremity muscle strength was at a scale of 3, and after 7 days of ROM exercises, it improved to a scale of 4. This study provides evidence that ROM exercises are effective for stroke patients