Abstract
This study systematically reviews the effects of muscle strength exercises on muscle mass and strength in stroke patients by analyzing randomized controlled trials. Ten studies, involving a total of 378 stroke patients, were included in the meta-analysis. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random effects model. The results indicated that strength exercises had a medium effect on increasing muscle strength in stroke patients (SMD, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.47–0.72; <i>I<sup>2</sup></i> = 51%; <i>P</i>< 0.05). Specifically, strength exercises were found to be particularly effective in chronic stroke patients, showing a medium effect on muscle strength (SMD, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.55–0.81; <i>I<sup>2</sup></i> = 45%; <i>P</i>< 0.05). The study also compared the effects based on repetition maximum (RM) settings, revealing that strength increased significantly regardless of whether RM was used, with studies showing medium effects (with RM: SMD, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.4–0.64; <i>I<sup>2</sup></i> = 0%; <i>P</i>< 0.05; without RM: SMD, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.4–0.91; <i>I<sup>2</sup></i> = 72%; <i>P</i>< 0.05). The study concludes that strength exercises are beneficial for improving muscle strength in chronic stroke patients, but the use of RM to set exercise intensity is not strictly necessary.
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