Phytoremediation technology has become the frontier and hot research of soil heavy metal pollution areas of resource, environmental and biological sciences internationally. In view of current problems of phytoremediation technology, this paper summarizes research progress for phytoremediation technology of heavy metal contaminated soil, discussing physics, chemistry, biotechnology methods of increasing plant biomass and heavy metal accumulation. This paper focuses on the mechanism and application effects of genetic engineering technology, chelate induced technology and microbial combined phytoremediation and the future research direction of phytoremediation was also prospected.