Increasing Gas Flow Rate Research Articles

Analysis of CO2 hydrate formation from flue gas mixtures in a bubble column reactor

Gigascale carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is increasingly seen as essential to meeting the targets of the Paris Agreement. As an alternative to conventional CCS approaches, carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrates have received attention as materials which can enable new approaches to carbon capture as well as carbon sequestration. CO2 hydrates (ice-like materials of CO2 and water) form at medium pressures (<400 psi) and temperatures of >0 °C from a water-CO2 mixture. Bubble column reactors (BCR) have been studied as a preferred way of forming CO2 hydrates. This study uses an inhouse, recently-developed modeling framework to predict performance of a BCR for CO2 hydrate formation from flue gas (CO2/N2), and pure CO2 streams. We highlight and analyze specific aspects of hydrate formation that are important for CO2 sequestration, and for CO2 separation/capture. In particular, two performance parameters are analyzed: i) gas consumption rate for hydrate formation (normalized with reactor volume), and ii) fraction of CO2 that converts to CO2 hydrates in a single pass (conversion factor). The first metric quantifies the overall productivity of a BCR by obtaining the net CO2 that can be sequestered or separated from the flue gas stream. The second metric relates to the efficiency of the system by quantifying the need for recirculation and the quality of the exit stream after a single pass. Extensive parametric analysis is conducted to study the influence of pressure, temperature, CO2 mole fraction at inlet, gas flow rate and reactor geometry on hydrate formation. Across the range of simulations conducted in this study, the highest gas consumption rate per unit reactor volume was 28.9 ton/yr/m3 and the highest conversion factor was 67.8 %. Both parameters increase with increasing pressure, decreasing temperature and increasing inlet mole fraction of CO2. Increasing gas flow rate increases the gas consumption rate (i.e., hydrate formation rate) but reduces the conversion factor. This suggests that the overall productivity of BCRs increases with gas flow rate at the expense of its efficiency. Reduced efficiency increases recirculation-related costs and high flow rate increases compression and cooling costs. For flue gas, increasing the reactor volume by increasing the height or diameter increases conversion factor but significantly reduces the gas consumption rate per unit reactor volume. For pure CO2, increasing the reactor height increases the conversion factor without changing the volumetric gas consumption rate. Decreasing the diameter increases volumetric gas consumption rate without changing the conversion factor. These findings suggest that compact reactors are more suitable for CO2 hydrate slurry production (on a volumetric basis), while larger reactors are suitable for CO2 separation/capture applications. Overall, this study provides a basis for the design and operation of BCRs for CO2 hydrates-based CCS applications.

Effects of gas flow rate on rising bubble chains and induced flow fields: An experimental study

This paper reports an experimental investigation of the characteristics of bubble chains and their induced flow fields in a quiescent fluid at gas flow rates of 5, 10, 50, and 100 ml/min. The shadowgraphy and laser-induced-fluorescence particle image velocimetry (LIF-PIV) were used to analyze quantitatively the bubble morphology, kinematics, and induced flow fields. The results show that with increasing gas flow rate, the bubbles exhibit a larger average diameter, aspect ratio, and more-abundant morphology. The bubble motion includes a rectilinear rise followed by an oscillating rise, and the position where the bubble deviates from the linear trajectory is associated with the point of maximum bubble aspect ratio. The amplitude of bubble oscillation and the position of the instability both increase with the gas flow rate, except for the case of 50 ml/min. The bubble-induced flow field at higher gas flow rates exhibits stronger entrainment, which reflects the ability of the flow to entrain the surrounding fluid. The instantaneous flow-field results show that bubble-induced wake shedding is the main cause of the change in bubble rise state and trajectory instability. The direction of bubble deflection is related directly to the sequence of wake shedding: when the clockwise (resp. counterclockwise) vortex in the wake is the first to shed, the bubble deflects to the left (resp. right). The study also reveals that the simultaneous shedding of counterclockwise and clockwise vortices at 50 ml/min results in the bubbles continuing to rise rectilinearly for a period of time, and the position of trajectory destabilization has a maximum height.

Experimental investigation on the electrospray counterflow flame in a small combustor with a porous media as the grounding electrode

An experimental study on electrospray counterflow combustion of ethanol in a new type combustor with a porous media as the grounding electrode is carried out. The electrospray process of ethanol is separated from the combustion system for visualization and four typical spraying modes are identified. The characteristics of electrospray counterflow combustion are discussed. Four flame shapes are classified and the distribution region is determined. The results demonstrate that the double-layer flame and dromedary flame are easier to be observed. The change of fuel mass fraction can significantly affect the flame diameter and temperature. When the fuel mass fraction YF > 0.075, the increase of carrier gas flow rate promotes the fuel evaporation. Ethanol vapor is carried into the porous media, and the flame diameter and temperature are incrensed. When YF < 0.075, the dilution of ethanol vapor by carrier gas is dominant, resulting in the decrease of fuel concentration. The combustion efficiency and ratio of CO2/CO is highest at the dromedary flame, and the maximum combustion efficiency and ratio of CO2/CO are 95.25% and 7.78 for Φ = 0.76 respectively, which means a very efficient conversation of fuel. The results gained insights for the design and operation of electrospray counterflow combustors.

Evaluating bubble chain phenomena as a mechanism for open system degassing in basaltic systems

Passive degassing – i.e., the open-system degassing of a magmatic gas phase that is decoupled from the melt phase – is common at many basaltic volcanic systems and consistently makes a greater contribution to total volcanic gas emissions than eruptive degassing. However, the mechanism for passive degassing is not fully understood. We investigate the feasibility of permeable gas flow through connected bubbles or pathways using experiments with aqueous solutions of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), a non-Newtonian analogue material for magma. Stable chains of connected bubbles have previously been reported in similar non-Newtonian polymer solutions. We observe a range of bubble chain phenomena and identified five regimes, numbering in order of increasing gas flow rate: 1) small individual bubbles; 2) chains of rounded bubbles; 3) chains of elongate bubbles; 4) pipe-like ‘winding flue’; 5) large individual bubbles. The bubble chain phenomena (regimes 2–4) are observed over a restricted interval of gas flow rates. We determine the rheology of the solutions and conclude that the HEC solutions that produced bubble chain phenomena in our experiments are well scaled to shear-thinning and viscoelastic magmas, hence bubble chain phenomena could form in magmas. Our analysis also suggests that the viscoelastic rheology of HEC plays a fundamental role in the observed bubble chain phenomena.

Layered Epitaxial Growth of 3C/4H Silicon Carbide Confined by Surface Micro-Nano Steps

In this study, we used a horizontal hot-wall CVD epitaxy apparatus to grow epitaxial layers on 4° off-axis 4H-SiC substrates. Epitaxial films were grown by adjusting the flow rate of the source gas at different levels. With an increase in the source gas flow rate, a notable transition in the crystalline structure of the epitaxial layer was observed, gradually shifting from 4H-SiC to 3C-SiC. Furthermore, the quality of the epitaxial layer correspondingly exhibited degradation. Specifically, for epitaxial films grown under moderate gas flow rates, the central region demonstrated a crystalline structure of 4H-SiC, while the outer ring region exhibited a crystalline structure of 3C-SiC. Using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observe the transition zone of the two regions, a region of 3C/4H overlapping growth below it was found. Bright areas corresponded to 3C, while dark areas corresponded to 4H, as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and other SEM images. The growth interfaces of the two crystal types were clearly discernible and relatively compact. Furthermore, the growth angles of the two crystal types and their correlation with the cutting direction strongly suggest that this overlap is related to the formation of micro-nano steps on the substrate surface.

Direct CO2 capture from air using char from pyrolysis of digestate solid

Digestate solid is a waste produced by biogas plants. It has a promising potential for the application of direct capture of CO2 from the air. In this study, digestate soild was carbonised under different temperatures to obtain digestate char. The carbon capture performance using the produced digestate char was further explored. Firstly, the structural properties of the prepared digestate char were characterised by N2-adsorption/desorption, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultimate analysis. It was revealed that the addition of the carbonisation temperature from 400 to 800 °C led to the increase of specific surface area and total pore volume. When the carbonisation temperature increased, the degree of the molecular cleavage increased, and the content of graphite-C (C–C) increased, while the digestate char formed more carbonyl (CO), phenol, alcohol, or ether group (C–O). Furthermore, the effects of carbonisation temperature, gas flow rate and the adsorption temperature on the carbon capture performance of the digestate char were evaluated. The results showed that the carbon capture ability increased with the increase of carbonisation temperature, and with the increase of gas flow rate, the capacity of CO2 capture first increased and then decreased. In addition, when the adsorption temperature increased, the capacity of CO2 capture further decreased.

Tribology dependence on both structures of bulk a-C:H:Si films and transfer layer via adjustable Si content

Si doped hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H:Si) films were fabricated in mixed atmosphere of SiH4 and Ar by magnetron sputtering methods, with different SiH4 flow rates. The microstructures and tribological performances were measured by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Raman Spectroscopy and Tribo-tests. The results showed that the as-fabricated a-C:H:Si films exhibited good tribological performances with low friction and wear. The -OH termination which was deduced by SiO structure inside the a-C:H:Si film reacted with water molecules in atmosphere could passivate the film and counterpart surface, leading to the low friction of a-C:H:Si film. The wear rate increased with the increase of SiH4 gas flow rate, which could be attributed to the formation and increase of SiC phase with high hardness. The SiC phase enhanced the three-body abrasion between the contact surfaces, which increase the wear of the a-C:H:Si film at high SiH4 flow rate.

Modeling on the size of the pre-breaking molten droplet in plasma atomization for controlling the size of the produced powders

In two-phase flow atomization, e.g., Electrode Induction Gas Atomization (EIGA) and Plasma Atomization (PA), the size of the produced powder is greatly affected by the size of the large droplet fed into the atomization zone, which is named the pre-breaking molten droplet (PbMD). In EIGA, the size of the PbMD can be quantitatively modeled as its generation from a rod by induction melting is relatively simple. While in PA, the generation of PbMD from a metal wire involves complex heat and mass transfer behavior, and there currently lacks of any quantitative model on the size of the PbMD in PA, resulting in unpredictable production of metal powders. Therefore, modeling on the size of the PbMD in PA was carried out in this study. Firstly, new phenomenological models were established to show the change in the state of the molten metal during the generation of PbMD in PA. Based on the phenomenological models, a theoretical equation for calculating the size of the PbMD with two unknown error variables was successfully deduced. Observation experiments were conducted using a high-speed camera to obtain the size of the PbMD in PA, which was used to determine the unknown error variables and verify the proposed calculation equation. The verification experiments showed that the error between the calculated and experimental results was within 10%. Moreover, it was found that the size of the PbMD in PA was much smaller than that in EIGA, which makes PA easier to produce fine powders. It was also observed that the average size of the PbMD and its variance increased with the increasing arc current of the plasma generator while decreasing with the increasing gas flow rate. With the proposed model, the size of the PbMD in PA can be predicted, and the size of the produced powders can be controlled.

Effects of Entrained Slag Droplets on Slag-Metal Interface in A Gas-Stirred Ladle

This study explores the underlying mechanism between secondary refining efficiency, gas flow rate, and slag properties. The secondary refining efficiency is directly affected by the slag-metal interface area. Traditionally, the slag-metal interface has been limited to the liquid-liquid interface of the ladle cross-section and does not include the interface area between the entrained slag droplets and metal. To investigate the interface area with different slags and metals under various bottom blow rates, a physical model of a single-nozzle gas-stirred ladle was established using oil to simulate slag and water to simulate metal. The roles of relevant variables that affect the volume of entrained oil, the diameter of entrained droplets, and interface area were studied, as well as oil viscosity, interfacial tension, and oil thickness. Experimental data were collected using colorants and image processing techniques. Based on these findings, the increase in gas flow rate and oil layer thickness increased the volume of entrained oil and interface area, while the increase in oil viscosity and interfacial tension decreased these parameters. When the gas flow rate increased, the mean diameter of droplets first increased and then decreased. However, the specific surface area of droplets revealed the opposite trend. Furthermore, the mean diameter and specific surface area increased and decreased with increasing oil-layer thickness.

Utilizing fly ash from a power plant company for CO2 capture in a microchannel

The separation of carbon dioxide by mineral waste with alkaline properties is an innovative technology for storing carbon dioxide. This experiment utilized an aqueous solution containing seawater and fly ash in a microchannel to investigate CO2 absorption. In all experiments, the concentration of CO2 in feed gas was 10.5% at atmospheric pressure. A number of variables were examined, including temperature (10–50 °C), inlet solvent flow rate (50–300 ml/h), inlet gas flow rate (50–250 ml/min), as well as fly ash to seawater ratios (1:25, 1:50, 1:75, 1:100, 1:125,1:150, 1:175 and 1:200 gr/ml). The study found that an increase in the concentration of fly ash in the solution and a higher flow rate of the solvent led to a noteworthy improvement in both the absorption percentage and volume transfer coefficient of gas-based gas. The increase in gas flow rate led to a decrease in the percentage of CO2 removal and an increase in the gas-based volumetric mass transfer coefficient. Under optimal operating conditions, absorption percentages were 96.25% and gas-based volumetric mass transfer coefficients were 63.21 (kmol h −1m−3 kPa−1) were achieved even though the temperature in the range of (10–50 °C) has a negative impact on the absorption rate. According to the overall gas-based volumetric mass transfer coefficient, microchannel reactors provide higher absorption efficiency than other mass transfer devices.

Modeling and simulation of gas vortex flow dynamics to understand the nature of mass transfer enhancement

Vortex flow has been demonstrated to be an effective way of process intensification for interphase mass transfer. However, the underlying principles of this phenomenon are not yet fully known. To understand the nature of gas vortex flow in improving process intensification from a fluid flow perspective, this work conducts an experimental investigation and numerical simulations to compare the differences in energy loss, static pressure, main velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy between the vortex and the axial gas flow inside a countercurrent contactor operated at a flow rate of 50–250 L/min. The results indicate that the energy loss increases with increasing gas flow rate, while the Euler number remains stable at 2.49 ± 0.17, which is 21.05% higher than the conventional axial flow. The vortex flow displays higher values and gradients in the distribution of static pressure, tangential, axial velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy, which is directly linked to the enhanced interphase contact, mixing, and mass transfer processes. Additionally, the tangential velocity of vortex flow exhibits a decaying behavior, but it also has an extra tangential dimension, which was a critical factor for process enhancement compared to conventional axial flow. Moreover, semi-empirical models are developed to characterize the parameters of the maximum tangential velocity and its radial position for the vortex flow with R2 = 0.892 and 0.919, respectively. The results may provide a positive reference for the design, optimization, and operation of countercurrent vortex contactors.

Competitive Stripping of Multi-Organic Pollutants from Contaminated Water in Bubble Column Semi-Batch

Air stripping for removal of Trichloroethylene (TCE), Chloroform (CF) and Dichloromethane (DCM) from water were studied in a bubble column (0.073 m inside dia. and 1.08 m height with several sampling ports). The contaminated water was prepared from deionized water and VOCs. The presence of VOCs in feed solution was single, binary or ternary components. They were diluted to the concentrations ranged between 50 mg/l to 250 mg/l. The experiments were carried out in batch experiments which regard the bubble column as stirred tank and only gas was bubbled through stationary liquid. In this case transient measurements of VOC concentration in the liquid phase and the measured concentration profiles were modeled by bubble aeration model (BAM) to fit the experimental data fairly well. The results from batch experiments show that the removal efficiency of VOCs increases with increasing gas flow rate or gas holdup. It is found a pH=10 give the best removal rate, but all experiments were adjusted at pH=8 which allow to study other operating conditions. TCE is being removed faster than the other two components for all systems and a single component was removed faster than binary or ternary system. The KLa values were evaluated by fitting the BAM to the experimental data. It is found that KLa increased with increasing gas flow rate and TCE exhibits the highest KLa values.

Experimental Study on Bubble Dynamics and Mass Transfer Characteristics of Coaxial Bubbles in Petroleum-Based Liquids.

Petroleum-based liquids are from an important petroleum-based polymer, whose application and preparation involve multiple operations related to gas-liquid two-phase flow. Due to insufficient research on gas-liquid two-phase flow, there is a gap in bubble dynamics and mass transfer characteristics in petroleum-based liquids. Accordingly, we have systematically investigated the bubble formation process, bubble rising dynamics, and mass transfer of coaxial bubbles. Herein, the contour of bubbles was obtained for analyzing the bubble formation process. It was found that the increase of gas flow rate contributed to the increase of bubble generation size, while the liquid viscosity had an inhibitory influence on the increase of bubble generation size. Moreover, the variation of bubble rising velocity was considered and the force analysis of the rising bubble was provided. A new model of drag coefficient applicable to petroleum-based liquids was proposed. Finally, variations in the amount of dissolved oxygen in the liquid were measured to analyze the mass transfer characteristics. The increase in nozzle inner diameter and gas flow rate both promoted mass transfer, but the increased liquid viscosity hindered mass transfer.

Experimental analysis on the effect of pipe and orifice diameter in inter tank hydrogen transfer

Hydrogen is an energy carrier which can be utilized in many sectors like stationary and transportation energy with nearly zero emission. Hydrogen energy is more efficient when compared to other energy sources. Hydrogen can be a replacement for fossil fuels in future as it emits only water when it is burned. In this work a mathematical model of transfer of hydrogen between two tanks has been developed using MATLAB simulink software version 21. Flow of hydrogen inside the pipe is controlled by orifice and diameter of this orifice and pipe diameter itself has some impact on outcome parameters such as inlet temperature of pipe, outlet temperature of pipe, heat transfer from one tank to other tank and hydrogen gas flow rate. The influence of orifice diameter as well as initial pressures on outcome parameters of hydrogen gas transfer model has analyzed in this work. From the simulation results it is inferred that when one initial pressure kept constant and other initial pressure keep on varying, no change in inlet temperature, decrease in outlet temperature, increase in heat transfer and increase in gas flow rate were observed when orifice diameter increase in size from 2 cm then 4 cm and then 6 cm. The research work has significant guidance for safety and efficient way of transporting hydrogen through pipeline from one tank to other tank.

Influence of Oxy-Fuel Lance Parameters on the Scrap Pre-Heating Temperature in the Hot Metal Ladle

As one of the vital ways to improve the converter heat balance and increase the scrap ratio, scrap pre-heating technology has attracted much attention from researchers. The aim of this paper is to reveal the effect of the oxy-fuel lance parameters on the temperature field, flow field, and scrap pre-heating temperature in the ladle by means of numerical simulations. For this, a three-dimensional mathematical model containing the turbulence model, the porous medium heat balance model, and other models has been developed. The research results show that the rational and correct choice of gas flow rate, lance position, and nozzle angle has an important influence on the temperature field and the average scrap temperature. When the gas flow rate increases, the internal annular combustion zone of the scrap gradually expands, the cold zone at the bottom of the scrap continues to decrease, and the average scrap temperature keeps increasing. When the gas flow rate is 5000 m3/h, and the average scrap temperature reaches 1197 K, the pre-heating time is 9.98 min. Lowering the oxy-fuel lance position helps to reduce the cold zone at the bottom of the scrap and increases the average temperature in the cold zone. Reasonable selection of the nozzle angle is conducive to improving the uniformity of the flow field. When the angle of the nozzle is 15°, the gas circulation zone is the largest, and the time to reach an average scrap temperature of 1197 K is the shortest.

Coupling of alkaline and mechanical modified fly ash for HCl and SO2 removal in the municipal solid waste incineration plant

In this study, fly ash was modified by ball milling through coupling alkaline and mechanical to achieve the reuse of fly ash. The adsorption capacity of fly ash for acidic gases was improved in experiments using simple ball milling. Under the optimal ball milling conditions with coupled NaOH, the desulfurization efficiency can reach 100% and the dechlorination efficiency can be maintained above 90% for the first 100 s of the experiment. Different characterizations show that the ball milling process increases the specific surface area of fly ash, which makes NaOH adhere uniformly to the surface of fly ash particles in an amorphous structure and improves the adsorption effect of the fly ash on acid gases. In addition, experiments with different gas parameters proved that increased temperature, increase of the flue gas flow rate, and increase of the acidic gas concentration in flue gas all lead to the decrease of the modified fly ash’s deacidification efficiency. This provides a reference for engineering applications of modified fly ash under different working conditions. In summary, a comprehensive technical route of “fly ash collection - online modification - timely injection” is proposed in the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plant.

Spectroscopic investigation of atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet produced in dielectric barrier discharge

Non-thermal cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) produced in multi-pulse dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) preferentially heats the electrons that subsequently transfer their energy to the other plasma species converting them into reactive species. Therefore the characterization of different energy groups of electrons is essential for efficient production and control of reactive plasma species contributing to surface modifications. Here we present the spectroscopic investigations of the APPJ produced in multi-pulse DBD using pin electrode configuration. Boltzmann plot relates the emission intensities of the several Ar–I spectral lines to their corresponding threshold excitation energies to give the electron temperature more precisely. The Stark broadening of the Ar–I (696.54 nm) line profile gives the electron number density after de-convoluting the contributions of the Doppler and instrumental broadenings. Plasma measurements correlate the gas flow rate, applied jet power across the electrodes, and a group of electrons contributing to optical emission. Sequential imaging correlates the size of the plasma bullets momentarily with the discharge pulse for different argon flow rates and applied jet powers. With an increasing flow rate of up to 1.4 L/min, the plasma plume of the jet becomes more elongated, intense, and spatially uniform. However, the glow intensity and size of the plume start reducing with a further increase in gas flow rate. Experimental findings propose plasma processing for small-scale localized plasma surface treatments.

Evaluate the argon plasma jet parameters by optical emission spectroscopy

In this study, a method for experimentally evaluating the plasma parameters in the Argon plasma jet system with varying rates of Argon gas flow from 1 to 5 ​L/min operating at constant voltage and normal atmospheric pressure. This study is based on optical emission spectroscopy (OES). Spectroscopic diagnostic method using the Boltzmann plot to calculate these parameters measured. Generally, the results show the value of Te ranged from 1.53 to 1.78 (eV) depending on the gas flow rates, electron density ranges from 2.63 to 3.12 ​× ​1017 (cm−3). The plasma parameters such as (λD, ND, and ωp) related to electron temperature and electron density was also measured. The plasma was produced at a different flow rate the impacts on Debye length, plasma frequency, and the number of particles on the surface of Debye, all of which rise with an increase in gas flow rate, are significantly influenced by an increase in gas flow rate on the plasma properties of the density and temperature of an electron.

Hydrodynamics and liquid–liquid mass transfer in gas–liquid–liquid three-phase flow in a cross microchannel

Gas-liquid–liquid three-phase flow in cross microchannels has been widely used in flow chemistry and process intensification. At present, the flow and mass transfer characteristics in this type of channel are not well understood. In this work, the hydrodynamics and liquid–liquid mass transfer characteristics of gas–liquid–liquid three-phase flow were systematically investigated. For the gas–liquid–liquid hydrodynamics, the general regulation laws of bubble and droplet size were obtained by considering the synergistic effect of shearing phases, and the bubble/droplet size prediction model based on the multiphase cooperative behavior was proposed, which could be used in predicting droplet/bubble size in flow systems. For the gas–liquid–liquid mass transfer process, the experimental results showed that the mass transfer coefficient first increased and then decreased with the increase of gas flow rate when the oil phase flow rate was fixed. The semi-empirical prediction formula of the mass transfer coefficient was obtained by considering the vortex strength, the interfacial area and the effective mass transfer area at the same time, which was in good agreement with the experimental results. This work could be the comprehensive study of gas–liquid–liquid three-phase flow and liquid–liquid mass transfer under gas enhancement in a cross microchannel.

A New Porous Nozzle for Aluminum Melts Purification—Preparation and Mathematical–Physical Model

Aluminum and its alloy castings are used more and more widely, and it is particularly important to remove impurities in the alloy. According to the principle of bubble floatation for degassing aluminum melt, a new porous nozzle with controllable pores was developed, and a hydraulic simulation experimental device was studied with the nozzle. The effects of the particle size ratio of the coarse sand to fine sand and volume fraction of fine sand on the porosity of the porous nozzle were studied by orthogonal experiment, and permeability and compressive strength of the porous nozzle were used as test indicators to determine the optimal parameters of preparation for the porous nozzle. The optimal parameters are fine sand of 100 mesh, and fine sand of 50 wt.%, binder of 17.5 wt.%, pore-forming agent of 6 wt.%, and pressure of making sample of 5 MPa. The nozzle with optimal parameters was prepared and tested, and the permeability is 112.2 × 10−12 m2 and the compressive strength is 2.3 MPa. In addition, a physical model of gas transmission in the porous nozzle was proposed. With the increase in the proportion of fine sand, the permeability of the porous nozzle decreases, the compressive strength increases, and the calculated porosity increases. The hydraulic simulation of melt injection was carried out, and the mathematical model for calculating the bubble diameter of bubble floatation was formulated. The model shows that the bubble diameter increases with the increase in gas flow rate. The experiment shows that the prepared porous nozzle has the merits of a simple preparation process and low-cost, which is expected to degas aluminum melts.