Increase In Incidence Of Cancer Research Articles

Midkine at the Crossroads of Aging and Cancer.

Aging in mammals, including humans, is marked by a multitude of molecular, cellular, and systemic changes that increase the risk of various diseases, including cancer. While the link between aging and increased cancer incidence is well documented, the precise biological mechanisms driving tumor initiation remain less clear. In a recent issue of Cancer Cell, Yan and colleagues have identified Midkine, a heparin-binding growth factor, as an age-related biomarker mediating both ageing related phenotypes and cancer development. Further exploration of these molecular dynamics, alongside the development of targeted drugs, holds great promise for reducing aging-related cancer incidence.

Patient Enrollment to Industry-Sponsored Versus Federally-Sponsored Cancer Clinical Trials.

The conduct of cancer clinical research in the United States is supported by both private and public sponsors. Industry aims to obtain new drug approvals. Federally-sponsored trials examine a broad set of research questions that are not typically addressed by industry; these trials, which are also more commonly conducted in diverse populations, were recently shown to have contributed to gains of 14 million life-years for patients with cancer. Despite the different mandates, the proportion of patients who might participate in industry-sponsored versus federally-sponsored cancer studies is unknown. We evaluated trial enrollment patterns from 2008 to 2022 using ClinicalTrials.gov data. The ratio of enrollments attributable to industry versus federal sponsors was estimated. A large set of estimates on the basis of different combinations of study characteristics were generated. Point estimates were determined as the mean of combinations and confidence limits by the IQR. Five-year intervals were examined to smooth annual variation. In total, N = 26,080 studies were examined. The estimated enrollment ratio from 2018 to 2022 for all industry-sponsored versus federally-sponsored trials was 8.1 (IQR, 6.2-9.9). For adult trials, the ratio increased from 4.8 (IQR, 4.4-5.3) during 2008-2012 to 9.6 (IQR, 7.4-11.8) during 2018-2022; for trials in children, the ratio increased from 0.7 (IQR, 0.6-0.7) to 2.3 (IQR, 1.8-2.7). Despite increasing cancer incidence, enrollment counts for federally-sponsored trials were flat over the study period. In the United States, there is a growing reliance on industry to conduct cancer clinical research. Underinvestment in federally-sponsored research comes at a cost for both patients and researchers, with lost opportunities for scientific, clinical, and population advances.

Increased use of Dermoscopy in Primary Healthcare Following the Implementation of Teledermatology in Southeast Sweden: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 2,137 Patients.

In the last 5 decades there has been a steady increase in skin cancer incidence globally. As patients wait for treatment before or after referral, the prognosis for those with melanoma worsens. Teledermatology was introduced to help reduce waiting times. The objective of this study was to investigate how the introduction of teledermatology affected management of skin tumours, from primary care physicians to dermatologists. A retrospective cohort study was performed 1 year before and 1 year after introduction of teledermatology in Östergötland County, Sweden. Patients were included from 3 primary healthcare centres by 3 independent observers. A total of 2,139 patients were included in the study. The 2 cohorts were well matched. At 2 of the 3 primary healthcare centres there was a significant increase in the use of dermoscopy, and almost 66% of all referrals were teledermatological in the year following its introduction. There was a trend towards higher diagnostic accuracy in the post-teledermatology cohort. No apparent effect on melanoma referral times was observed. The results of this study confirm previous findings showing the value of teledermatology as well as a novel finding of an increase in dermoscopy use in primary healthcare settings.

Disparities, Trends, and Predictions to 2040 in Gastrointestinal Cancer Incidence, Mortality in the USA.

and Importance: Growing gastrointestinal cancers in the U.S. necessitate further research due to substantial healthcare and economic impacts. This study aims to analyze trends and future projections for five major gastrointestinal cancers (colorectal, pancreatic, liver, stomach, and esophageal). Data were sourced from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, National Center for Health Statistics, and Global Burden of Diseases databases. An age-period-cohort model utilizing the Bayesian Information Criterion method was applied to project incidence and mortality rates to 2040. Males consistently exhibited higher incidence and mortality rates across all gastrointestinal cancers, with significant variation across the 51 U.S. states. From 2000 to 2020, colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates declined across all racial groups, except for the incidence rates of American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) men, Hispanic men, and Hispanic women, which remained stable. Pancreatic cancer incidence increased across all groups except for AIAN men, while mortality rates rose only for White men and Hispanic women. Liver cancer incidence rose among AIAN men and White, AIAN, and Hispanic women, while mortality rates declined for most groups. Stomach cancer incidence and mortality either declined or stabilized, and esophageal cancer rates showed a general decline. By 2040, increases in incidence and mortality are projected for most gastrointestinal cancers, particularly in men. Despite varied trends over the past two decades, an overall increase in gastrointestinal cancer incidence and mortality rates is anticipated in the next 20 years in the U.S., underscoring the need for effective prevention and intervention strategies.

Cancer incidence and mortality among patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation: A population-based matched cohort study

BackgroundUnderstanding the risk of cancer after the diagnosis of another condition can present opportunities for earlier diagnosis. We examined the risk of cancer diagnosis conditional on prior diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF). MethodsLinked electronic health records were used to identify patients aged ≥18 with new-onset AF and age-sex-matched controls. Cumulative incidence of and mortality from cancer (overall and cancer-site specific) within three months, three months to five years and beyond five years from diagnosis of AF were examined. Findings were further validated using Mendelian randomisation (MR). ResultsThe cohort included 117,173 patients with new-onset AF and 117,173 matched controls (median age 78). In the first three months, 2.2% of AF patients were diagnosed with cancer vs. 0.47% in controls (relative risk: 4.7 [95%CI 4.2-5.4] in men and 4.4 [95%CI 3.8-5.0] in women). Nearly 80% of cancers related to thoracic or abdominal organs. Differences in cumulative incidence were only evident in women between three months and five years (subdistribution hazard ratio=1.1 [95%CI 1.01-1.12]) and absent in all patients beyond five years. MR analysis did not support the presence of a causal association between AF and major cancer subtypes. ConclusionThere is a large short-term increase in cancer incidence and mortality following new-onset AF. The findings may reflect incidental identification of AF or paraneoplastic manifestation. New-onset AF confers high short-term risk of cancer diagnosis, at levels comparable with symptomatic risk threshold mandating urgent assessment for suspected cancer.

Causal relationship between gout and liver cancer: A Mendelian randomization and transcriptome analysis.

Gout is an inflammatory arthritis resulting from urate crystal deposition, now recognized as part of metabolic syndrome. Hyperuricemia, a hallmark of gout, is associated with various health complications, including liver cancer. Observational studies indicate a link between gout and increased cancer incidence. However, the causal relationship between gout and hepatocellular carcinoma remains uncertain. This study utilizes Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore this connection, minimizing confounding factors commonly present in observational studies. Genome-wide association study data for gout and liver cancer were sourced from the UK Biobank. We selected single nucleotide polymorphisms that are strongly associated with gout and liver cancer as instrumental variables for the analysis. We conducted 2-sample MR analysis using multiple MR methods (MR-Egger, weighted median, inverse variance weighting, and weighted mode) to evaluate causality. Co-localization and transcriptomic analyses were employed to identify target genes and assess their expression in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. The 2-sample MR analysis indicated a significant causal relationship between gout and heightened liver cancer risk (P_IVW = .014). Co-localization analysis identified phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) as a crucial gene associated with gout (pH4 = 0.990). Transcriptomic data showed that PEMT expression was significantly higher in normal liver tissues compared to malignant samples (P < .001), and higher PEMT levels correlated with improved survival outcomes (P = .045). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed lower PEMT expression in hepatocellular carcinoma from patients with concurrent gout compared to those without (P < .05). The results indicate that gout increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, with PEMT potentially playing a key role. Although this study focused on European populations, indicating a need for further research in diverse groups, the results emphasize the potential for liver cancer screening in newly diagnosed gout patients. Understanding the relationship between these conditions may inform future clinical practices and cancer prevention strategies.

Increase in uterine cancer incidence among Black patients in the United States: A United States Cancer Statistics Study of nearly 95,000 patients from 2001 to 2019

Increase in uterine cancer incidence among Black patients in the United States: A United States Cancer Statistics Study of nearly 95,000 patients from 2001 to 2019

Evolution of endometrial cancer incidence patterns in Hong Kong: A three-decade analysis with future projections

ObjectiveThis study provides a comprehensive analysis of endometrial cancer incidence trends in Hong Kong over the past three decades. It aims to evaluate the impact of demographic shifts and epidemiological factors, including age, birth cohort, and diagnosis period, on the incidence rates. The study also projects future trends in endometrial cancer cases up to 2030 and assesses the contributions of these factors using a detailed decomposition approach. Material and methodsThe analysis is based on endometrial cancer data obtained from the Hong Kong Cancer Registry. Age-period-cohort (APC) modeling was utilized to investigate the effects of different age groups, historical periods, and birth cohorts on the changing incidence patterns. The study projects future trends using a Bayesian APC framework, integrating historical data and expert insights for robust predictions. Additionally, a decomposition analysis was conducted to disentangle the contributions of demographic changes (aging and population growth) and epidemiological shifts (risk factors such as obesity and reproductive behaviors) to the increasing cases. ResultsBetween 1992 and 2021, there were 19,214 recorded cases of endometrial cancer in Hong Kong. Age-standardized and crude incidence rates showed consistent increases, rising from 7.4 per 100,000 person-years in 1992 to 31.0 per 100,000 in 2020. Incidence trends rose significantly across all age groups, with the highest increase seen in women aged 50–65. Projections indicate that the upward trend will continue, with an estimated 1718 cases by 2030. Demographic factors, particularly population aging, and evolving epidemiological trends contribute jointly to the incidence rise. ConclusionsThe findings reveal a steady increase in endometrial cancer incidence among Hong Kong women, primarily driven by demographic aging and shifts in risk factors. The study underscores the need for targeted public health measures and resource allocation for early detection and effective management strategies, emphasizing the importance of addressing modifiable risk factors such as obesity and reproductive health behaviors.

Increased cancer incidence in patients with pre-existing heart failure: results from a French Nationwide Cohort study

Abstract Background It is unclear whether patients with a history of heart failure (HF) have an increased risk of developing cancer. Purpose To assess the incidence of cancer (all types) in patients with pre-existing HF compared with patients without known HF at a nationwide level. Secondary objectives include analysis by cancer site and impact on all-cause mortality. Methods We used the French National Administrative Health Data System (SNDS), a comprehensive database containing all health care information (outpatient and hospital) for 99% of the French population, to identify adult patients with a first diagnosis of HF (ICD-10 diagnosis code I50) between 2010 and 2019 and without a personal history of cancer before HF diagnosis. HF patients were matched for sex and age to HF-free and cancer-free individuals (3:1 ratio), randomly identified in the SNDS. Incident cancers were identified by corresponding ICD 10th codes. Results We found 330,867 adult patients with a first diagnosis of HF between 2010 and 2019, and 992,601 matched controls (54.7% women, mean age 77.7±13.5 years in both groups). There was an increased risk of a first cancer in HF patients as compared to controls: 28,151 (8.5%) in HF patients over a mean follow-up of 4.3±2.8 years vs. 77,325(7.8%) in controls over a mean follow-up of 4.9±2.8 years (unadjusted HR: 1.12 [1.11-1.13], P&amp;lt;0.001). The higher risk of new cancer in HF patients remained after adjustment for major comorbidities (i.e., ischemic heart disease, diabetes, arterial hypertension, renal dysfunction, morbid obesity), age, sex, year of diagnosis, region of residence, tobacco use and alcohol consumption (adjusted HR=1.06, [1.04-1.07]; P&amp;lt;0.0001). Overall, the estimated attributable risk of new cancer after HF was 16.53% (9.88-16.76%). This increased risk was observed for most solid malignancies (especially colorectal and lung cancer), and for multiple myeloma. We finally observed that the risk of all-cause mortality after cancer diagnosis was significantly higher in patients with pre-existing HF compared to controls (adjusted HR: 1.36 [1.33-1.39], P&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusions People with a history of HF have a higher risk of developing cancer than the general population. These findings suggest that cancer screening strategies should be encouraged in patients with HF.

Innovative Progress: Artificial Intelligence in the Realm of Oral Cancer

: In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the global incidence of oral cancer, leading to significant morbidity and mortality, especially when diagnosed at advanced stages. The integration of technology holds great promise for early detection and diagnosis, facilitating improved patient management for clinicians. The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) presents a potential breakthrough in oral cancer screening, as it can meticulously analyze vast datasets from various imaging modalities, offering valuable support in the field of oncology. This review focuses on a spectrum of AI techniques utilized for early detection and diagnosis of oral cancer. Additionally, AI techniques may be employed for the effective treatment of oral cancer. Using the abundance of information acquired, this article provides an in-depth overview and discussion of AI's value and benefits in oral cancer screening, early detection, disease prediction, and therapy, among other areas. Furthermore, it identifies present limits and forecasts the hopeful future of AI in oral cancer research.

Human papillomavirus vaccine to prevent CIN3 or worse (CIN3+): A nationwide case-control study in Japan.

An increase in cervical cancer incidence has been reported in Japan. The Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan has resumed the active recommendation of regular HPV vaccines in 2022. In Japan, the preventive effect of CIN3+ in the real world has not yet been demonstrated in age-adjusted cohort or case-control studies. This study aimed to estimate the effect of the HPV vaccine against CIN3+ in Japanese women. This nationwide case-control study from April 2013 to March 2020 targeted women aged 20-26 years old at the time of cervical screening. We compared HPV vaccination exposure between those with abnormal and those with normal cytology. Abnormal cytology was classified into cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)1+, CIN2+, and CIN3+. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the above endpoints and vaccination exposure using the conditional logistic regression model and estimated vaccine effectiveness using the formula (1 -OR) × 100. A total of 2790 cases and 13,990 controls (one-to-five matching) were eligible in 37 municipalities in Japan. In this study, 61 CIN3 (2.2%) and 10 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) (0.4%) were found. The OR for CIN3+ versus controls was 0.14 (95% CI, 0.03-0.75), equating to a vaccine effectiveness of 86%. Of the 10 patients who had SCC none were vaccinated. This nationwide case-control study in Japan demonstrated a substantial risk reduction in CIN3+ among women who did versus those who did not receive HPV vaccination.

Progressive cancer targeting by programmable aptamer-tethered nanostructures.

Scientific research in recent decades has affirmed an increase in cancer incidence as a cause of death globally. Cancer can be considered a plurality of various diseases rather than a single disease, which can be a multifaceted problem. Hence, cancer therapy techniques acquired more accelerated and urgent approvals compared to other therapeutic approaches. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery have been widely adopted as routine cancer treatment strategies to suppress disease progression and metastasis. These therapeutic approaches have lengthened the longevity of countless cancer patients. Nonetheless, some inherent limitations have restricted their application, including insignificant therapeutic efficacy, toxicity, negligible targeting, non-specific distribution, and multidrug resistance. The development of therapeutic oligomer nanoconstructs with the advantages of chemical solid-phase synthesis, programmable design, and precise adjustment is crucial for advancing smart targeted drug nanocarriers. This review focuses on the significance of the different aptamer-assembled nanoconstructs as multifunctional nucleic acid oligomeric nanoskeletons in efficient drug delivery. We discuss recent advancements in the design and utilization of aptamer-tethered nanostructures to enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment. Valuably, this comprehensive review highlights self-assembled aptamers as the exceptionally intelligent nano-biomaterials for targeted drug delivery based on their superior stability, high specificity, excellent recoverability, inherent biocompatibility, and versatile functions.

A Population-Based Analysis of the Cancer Incidence in Individuals under 50 in a Northern Italian Province: Focusing on Regional Disparities and Public Health Implications.

International studies have shown an increase in cancer incidence among young adults, raising public concern. This study aims examines trends in the cancer incidence among individuals aged 15-49 years in a province of Northern Italy, covering diagnoses from 1996 to 2021, and compares the annual percentage change (APC) with national and international data. In males, the overall cancer incidence showed a modest increase between 1996 and 2013 (APC 1.6), followed by a decline in the subsequent years (APC -2.5). In females, there was a modest increase over the entire period (APC 1.0). The lung cancer incidence decreased in both sexes (APC -3.9 in males and APC -3.3 in females), while a decrease was observed for colorectal cancers in women (APC -2.4). Since 2015, the thyroid cancer incidence declined significantly in females (APC -10.2), while an increase was noted in males (APC 2.5). The testicular cancer incidence rose in males (APC 1.5), and the melanoma incidence increased in both sexes (APC 3.4 in males and APC 3.9 in females). The breast cancer incidence remained stable (APC 0.3). These results underline the importance of promoting healthy lifestyles even among younger generations to address emerging cancer trends and support cancer prevention efforts.

9221 Reproductive Cancer Risk in Patients Treated with Denosumab Compared with Alendronate: A Population-based Cohort Study

Abstract Disclosure: S.K. Yahyavi: Research Investigator; Self; Principal investigator (PI) on an RCT with denosumab. C. Selmer: None. C. Torp-Pedersen: None. A. Juul: None. M. Blomberg Jensen: Other; Self; Holds two patents on the use of RANKL inhibitors to treat male infertility. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Antiresorptive treatment is used in millions of patients with osteoporosis and cancer but during the early studies of denosumab there was a slight increase in ovarian cancer incidence. The aim of this study is to determine the association between use of denosumab and risk of reproductive cancers compared with the use of alendronate in both men and women. Methods: Using a retrospective study design, we combined the Danish registries and identified a population of subjects &amp;gt; 50 years of age. We compared users of Denosumab that had been on alendronate treatment for at least 6 months with a matched population of patients that had been treated for at least 6 months with alendronate alone. Using the L-TMLE method we estimate the risk of reproductive cancers and the risk difference between the groups. Secondary analysis included comparisons with a healthy background population. Results: In the main analysis, a total of 18,162 subjects were included, with 6,054 denosumab users matched 1:2 with 12,108 alendronate users and followed for 3 years. 727 women and 183 men were diagnosed with a reproductive cancer during follow-up. Use of denosumab was not associated with higher risk of reproductive cancer. Compared to alendronate, women who received treatment with denosumab had a 0.06% (95% CI -0.12%; 0.26%) higher risk of a cancer diagnosis after 3 years of treatment. In a model fully adjusted for socioeconomic factors and comorbidities the risk was 0.01% (95% CI -0.35%; 0.37%) higher. The same results were found in men, and when comparing with a healthy background population and sensitivity analysis only using CKD measurements the results were confirmed. Conclusion: When comparing treatments of denosumab and alendronate, this study finds no increased risk of either cancers overall or specific reproductive cancers in men or women. Presentation: 6/3/2024

8384 Reproductive Cancer Risk in Patients Treated with Denosumab Compared with Alendronate: A Population-based Cohort Study

Abstract Disclosure: S.K. Yahyavi: Research Investigator; Self; Principal investigator (PI) on an RCT with denosumab. C. Selmer: None. C. Torp-Pedersen: None. A. Juul: None. M. Blomberg Jensen: Other; Self; Holds two patents on the use of RANKL inhibitors to treat male infertility. Background and Objective: Antiresorptive treatment is used in millions of patients with osteoporosis and cancer but during the early studies of denosumab there was a slight increase in ovarian cancer incidence. The aim of this study is to determine the association between use of denosumab and risk of reproductive cancers compared with the use of alendronate in both men and women. Methods: Using a retrospective study design, we combined the Danish registries and identified a population of subjects &amp;gt; 50 years of age. We compared users of Denosumab that had been on alendronate treatment for at least 6 months with a matched population of patients that had been treated for at least 6 months with alendronate alone. Using the L-TMLE method we estimate the risk of reproductive cancers and the risk difference between the groups. Secondary analysis included comparisons with a healthy background population. Results: In the main analysis, a total of 18,162 subjects were included, with 6,054 denosumab users matched 1:2 with 12,108 alendronate users and followed for 3 years. 727 women and 183 men were diagnosed with a reproductive cancer during follow-up. Use of denosumab was not associated with higher risk of reproductive cancer. Compared to alendronate, women who received treatment with denosumab had a 0.06% (95% CI -0.12%; 0.26%) higher risk of a cancer diagnosis after 3 years of treatment. In a model fully adjusted for socioeconomic factors and comorbidities the risk was 0.01% (95% CI -0.35%; 0.37%) higher. The same results were found in men, and when comparing with a healthy background population and sensitivity analysis only using CKD measurements the results were confirmed. Conclusion: When comparing treatments of denosumab and alendronate, this study finds no increased risk of either cancers overall or specific reproductive cancers in men or women. Presentation: 6/3/2024

9221 Reproductive Cancer Risk in Patients Treated with Denosumab Compared with Alendronate: A Population-based Cohort Study

Abstract Disclosure: S.K. Yahyavi: Research Investigator; Self; Principal investigator (PI) on an RCT with denosumab. C. Selmer: None. C. Torp-Pedersen: None. A. Juul: None. M. Blomberg Jensen: Other; Self; Holds two patents on the use of RANKL inhibitors to treat male infertility. Background and Objective: Antiresorptive treatment is used in millions of patients with osteoporosis and cancer but during the early studies of denosumab there was a slight increase in ovarian cancer incidence. The aim of this study is to determine the association between use of denosumab and risk of reproductive cancers compared with the use of alendronate in both men and women. Methods: Using a retrospective study design, we combined the Danish registries and identified a population of subjects &amp;gt; 50 years of age. We compared users of Denosumab that had been on alendronate treatment for at least 6 months with a matched population of patients that had been treated for at least 6 months with alendronate alone. Using the L-TMLE method we estimate the risk of reproductive cancers and the risk difference between the groups. Secondary analysis included comparisons with a healthy background population. Results: In the main analysis, a total of 18,162 subjects were included, with 6,054 denosumab users matched 1:2 with 12,108 alendronate users and followed for 3 years. 727 women and 183 men were diagnosed with a reproductive cancer during follow-up. Use of denosumab was not associated with higher risk of reproductive cancer. Compared to alendronate, women who received treatment with denosumab had a 0.06% (95% CI -0.12%; 0.26%) higher risk of a cancer diagnosis after 3 years of treatment. In a model fully adjusted for socioeconomic factors and comorbidities the risk was 0.01% (95% CI -0.35%; 0.37%) higher. The same results were found in men, and when comparing with a healthy background population and sensitivity analysis only using CKD measurements the results were confirmed. Conclusion: When comparing treatments of denosumab and alendronate, this study finds no increased risk of either cancers overall or specific reproductive cancers in men or women. Presentation: 6/3/2024

8384 Reproductive Cancer Risk in Patients Treated with Denosumab Compared with Alendronate: A Population-based Cohort Study

Abstract Disclosure: S.K. Yahyavi: Research Investigator; Self; Principal investigator (PI) on an RCT with denosumab. C. Selmer: None. C. Torp-Pedersen: None. A. Juul: None. M. Blomberg Jensen: Other; Self; Holds two patents on the use of RANKL inhibitors to treat male infertility. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Antiresorptive treatment is used in millions of patients with osteoporosis and cancer but during the early studies of denosumab there was a slight increase in ovarian cancer incidence. The aim of this study is to determine the association between use of denosumab and risk of reproductive cancers compared with the use of alendronate in both men and women. Methods: Using a retrospective study design, we combined the Danish registries and identified a population of subjects &amp;gt; 50 years of age. We compared users of Denosumab that had been on alendronate treatment for at least 6 months with a matched population of patients that had been treated for at least 6 months with alendronate alone. Using the L-TMLE method we estimate the risk of reproductive cancers and the risk difference between the groups. Secondary analysis included comparisons with a healthy background population. Results: In the main analysis, a total of 18,162 subjects were included, with 6,054 denosumab users matched 1:2 with 12,108 alendronate users and followed for 3 years. 727 women and 183 men were diagnosed with a reproductive cancer during follow-up. Use of denosumab was not associated with higher risk of reproductive cancer. Compared to alendronate, women who received treatment with denosumab had a 0.06% (95% CI -0.12%; 0.26%) higher risk of a cancer diagnosis after 3 years of treatment. In a model fully adjusted for socioeconomic factors and comorbidities the risk was 0.01% (95% CI -0.35%; 0.37%) higher. The same results were found in men, and when comparing with a healthy background population and sensitivity analysis only using CKD measurements the results were confirmed. Conclusion: When comparing treatments of denosumab and alendronate, this study finds no increased risk of either cancers overall or specific reproductive cancers in men or women. Presentation: 6/3/2024

The Landscape of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and the Establishment of the MENA CTCL Working Group

The high cancer burden in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA region) is coupled with an increasing cancer incidence. While the MENA region constitutes 6% of the world’s population, it remains underrepresented in clinical trials. Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) represent a heterogeneous group of rare extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas with variable clinical presentation. In the MENA region, where darker skin colors are more common than in the West, CTCL generally presents at a younger age and with distinct clinical features that necessitate special expertise and management across disciplines: rare forms of CTCL are more common (hypo- and hyperpigmented MF) and a higher prevalence of pediatric MF is noticed. The multidisciplinary approach to cancer management is growing worldwide and is necessary for the comprehensive management of CTCL. The MENA CTCL group was established with the aim of creating a collaborative environment for the diagnosis and treatment of CTCL in the region. Its first meeting was held in May 2023. The group plans to increase the global representation of the MENA region and establish CTCL registries and patient advocacy groups in the region.

Associations between polychlorinated biphenyls and cancer risk among type 2 diabetes: The modifying effects of lifestyle

A growing percentage of diabetes-related deaths has been attributed to cancer, with environmental factors playing important contributions. Thus, we studied the potential relationship between endocrine disruptors polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and cancer risk in diabetes. We aimed to evaluate the association between serum seven indicator-PCB (PCB-28/52/101/118/138/153/180) levels and incident cancer, and further explore the possible modifying role of lifestyle. A total of 2806 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases were included from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort at the baseline in 2008 and tracked until December 2018, and 320 incident cancers were identified during about 10-year follow-up. Cox proportional hazards models and competing risk regression models were used to reveal associations of baseline concentrations of PCBs with total cancer and specific cancer, respectively. Lifestyle score was determined by body mass index, waist circumference, physical activity, smoking, alcohol drinking, and diet. Each interquartile range (IQR) increment of non-dioxin-like PCBs (NDL-PCBs) generated an 8%–30% increase in cancer incidence. Individuals in the highest quartile for PCB-52, PCB-101, PCB-138, and lowly chlorinated PCBs had 1.44- to 1.68-fold higher cancer risk compared to those in the lowest quartile. Restricted cubic spline analyses and the quantile g-computation model showed similar results. Significant interactions were found between PCBs and fasting blood glucose or simplified insulin resistance assessment indicators. NDL-PCBs were positively and significantly associated with gastrointestinal cancer and respiratory cancer, especially with liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and lung cancer. Higher PCBs showed a significant increase in total cancer risk among participants with an unhealthy lifestyle, however, no associations were observed in those with a relatively healthy lifestyle (Pinteraction < 0.05). Our findings indicated an increased cancer risk associated with NDL-PCBs, highlighted the role of a healthy lifestyle in potentially reducing adverse impact, and provided preliminary data for environmental and public health interventions to alleviate the risk of cancer among diabetes.

Adaptation du plan thérapeutique en fonction de l’âge

Lung cancer is a very common disease of the elderly. Its incidence is expected to increase in Western countries because of the ageing of the population and the increase of cancer incidence with age. The purpose of this article is to synthesize the published data available to manage elderly patients with lung cancer at various stages: early-stage, locally advanced inoperable and metastatic. We will describe the indications of surgery and radiotherapy. We will also discuss, for each of the stage of the disease, the respective contributions of systemic therapies as chemotherapy, targeted therapies and immunotherapy and their use as sole therapy or in combination with local treatments. International recommendations have been published but they are difficult to apply because of the lack of consensual definition of frailties relevant to make treatment decision and to adapt it. We will also discuss data about the usefulness of geriatric assessment.1877-1203/© 2024 SPLF. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.