Incompatibility Reaction Research Articles

Engineering genetic circuit interactions within and between synthetic minimal cells.

Genetic circuits and reaction cascades are of great importance for synthetic biology, biochemistry, and bioengineering. An open question is how to maximize the modularity of their design to enable the integration of different reaction networks and to optimize their scalability and flexibility. One option is encapsulation within liposomes which enables chemical reactions to proceed in well-isolated environments. Here we adapt liposome encapsulation to enable the modular, controlled compartmentalization of genetic circuits and cascades. We demonstrate that it is possible to engineer genetic circuit-containing synthetic minimal cells (synells) to contain multiple-part genetic cascades, and that these cascades can be controlled by external signals as well as inter-liposomal communication without cross-talk. We also show that liposomes containing different cascades can be fused in a controlled way so that the products of incompatible reactions can be brought together. Synells thus enable more modular creation of synthetic biology cascades, an essential step towards their ultimate programmability.

Does intraspecific behavioural variation of pollinator species influence pollination? A quantitative study with hummingbirds and a Neotropical shrub.

Floral visitors differ in their efficacy as pollinators, and the impact of different pollinator species on pollen flow and plant reproduction has been frequently evaluated. In contrast, the impact of intraspecific behavioural changes on their efficacy as pollinators has seldom been quantified. We studied a self-incompatible shrub Palicourea rigida (Rubiaceae) and its hummingbird pollinators, which adjust their behaviour according to floral resource availability. Fluorescence microscopy was used to access pollen tube growth and incompatibility reaction in pistils after a single visit of territorial or intruder hummingbirds in two populations. To characterise the plant populations and possible differences in resource availability between areas we used a three-term quadrat variance method to detect clusters of floral resources. Within-species variation in foraging behaviour, but not species identity, affected pollinator efficacy. Effectively, hummingbirds intruding into territories deposited more compatible pollen grains on P.rigida stigmas than territory holders in both study areas. Additionally, territory holders deposited more incompatible than compatible pollen grains. Our results imply that intraspecific foraging behaviour variation has consequences for pollination success. Quantifying such variation and addressing the implications of intraspecific variability contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics and consequences of plant-pollinator interactions.

Genotypic and Pathotypic Diversity of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Strains in Taiwan

AbstractRice bacterial leaf blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae [(Ishiyama) Swings et al. 1990] (Xoo), is a major rice disease of the second crop season in Taiwan. A total of 88 Xoo strains collected from 10 major rice cultivating areas in Taiwan from 1986, 1997, 2000, 2004, and 2011 were characterized by repetitive‐element PCR (REP‐PCR) fingerprinting and virulence analyses. Among the five genetic clusters identified by the pJEL1/pJEL2 (IS1112‐based) and REP1R‐Dt/REP2‐D [repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)‐based] primer sets, clusters A, C and D contained Xoo strains from geographically distant regions, which suggests a high frequency of Xoo dispersal in Taiwan. The 88 Xoo strains were evaluated by inoculations on IRBB near‐isogenic lines and five Taiwan rice cultivars. A subset of 45 moderately or highly virulent strains were classified into 15 pathotypes by their compatible or incompatible reactions on IR24 and 12 IRBB near‐isogenic lines, each containing a single resistance gene. Analysis of molecular haplotypes and pathotypes revealed a partial relationship. IRBB5, IRBB21 and IRBB4 were incompatible with 96%, 96% and 73% of the strains, so xa5, Xa21 and Xa4 can recognize most of the Xoo strains in Taiwan and elicit resistance. In contrast, IRBB3 (Xa3), IRBB8 (xa8), IRBB10 (Xa10), IRBB11 (Xa11), IRBB13 (xa13) and IRBB14 (Xa14) were susceptible to almost all of the 45 Xoo strains. Inoculation trials revealed significant differences in the susceptibility of five Taiwan cultivars to Xoo (from high to low susceptibility: Taichung Sen 10 > IR24, Taichung Native 1 > Taichung 192, Taikeng 9, Tainan 11). This study provides useful information for resistance breeding and the development of disease management strategies against bacterial blight disease of rice.

Infection strategy of Ramularia collo‐cygni and development of ramularia leaf spot on barley and alternative graminaceous hosts

Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) is a newly important disease of barley across temperate regions worldwide. Despite this recent change in importance, the infection biology of the causal agent Ramularia collo‐cygni (Rcc) remains poorly understood. Confocal microscopy of the infection process of two transgenic Rcc isolates, expressing either GFP or DsRed reporter markers, was combined with light microscopy during field infection to track the progression of Rcc in planta. Infection of stomata, including the development of a previously unreported stomatopodium structure, results in symptomless development and intercellular colonization of the mesophyll tissue. Transition to necrotrophy is associated with breakdown of host chloroplasts and the formation of aggregates of conidiophores. In addition to barley, Rcc forms a compatible interaction with winter wheat and a number of perennial grass species. An incompatible reaction was observed with two dicotyledonous species. These results provide further insights into the host interactions of this fungus and suggest that RLS could be a potential threat to other agriculturally important crops.

Thermal Hazard Evaluation of Cumene Hydroperoxide-Metal Ion Mixture Using DSC, TAM III, and GC/MS.

Cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) is widely used in chemical processes, mainly as an initiator for the polymerization of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene. It is a typical organic peroxide and an explosive substance. It is susceptible to thermal decomposition and is readily affected by contamination; moreover, it has high thermal sensitivity. The reactor tank, transit storage vessel, and pipeline used for manufacturing and transporting this substance are made of metal. Metal containers used in chemical processes can be damaged through aging, wear, erosion, and corrosion; furthermore, the containers might release metal ions. In a metal pipeline, CHP may cause incompatibility reactions because of catalyzed exothermic reactions. This paper discusses and elucidates the potential thermal hazard of a mixture of CHP and an incompatible material’s metal ions. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal activity monitor III (TAM III) were employed to preliminarily explore and narrate the thermal hazard at the constant temperature environment. The substance was diluted and analyzed by using a gas chromatography spectrometer (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) to determine the effect of thermal cracking and metal ions of CHP. The thermokinetic parameter values obtained from the experiments are discussed; the results can be used for designing an inherently safer process. As a result, the paper finds that the most hazards are in the reaction of CHP with Fe2+. When the metal release is exothermic in advance, the system temperature increases, even leading to uncontrollable levels, and the process may slip out of control.

Compatibility of common drugs with acetate-containing balanced electrolyte solutions in pediatric anesthesia.

Acetate-containing balanced electrolyte solutions are frequently used for fluid therapy in pediatric anesthesia, but no studies investigating the compatibility with common anesthetic drugs are available. To reveal possible incompatibilities between common anesthetic drugs and the acetate-containing balanced electrolyte solutions BS (Sterofundin ISO; B.Braun Melsungen AG, Melsungen, Germany) and BS-G1 (E148G1 Päd; Serumwerk Bernburg AG, Bernburg, Germany), with normal saline (NS) as control. All tested infusion solutions were mixed 1:1 with 28common anesthetic drugs in concentrations used in daily clinical practice. Electrical conductivity, pH, and turbidimetric light diffusion at 405nm were measured. Macroscopic changes such as gross precipitation, change in color, or bubble formation were also assessed. All measurements were performed immediately after mixing as well as 30 and 60min after. The vast majority of drugs showed no significant change in pH, electric conductivity, turbidimetric detectable light diffusion, or macroscopic appearance after mixing with BS, BS-G1, and NS. Phenytoin immediately precipitated in response to all tested solutions as did diazepam. Thiopental precipitated after mixing with BS only. Most of the tested drugs did not show any signs or evidence of incompatibility reactions. However, phenytoin and diazepam should not be in contact with the three tested solutions, including NS. Thiopental should be used with caution because it can precipitate in solutions with a low pH (e.g., BS).

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici induces distinct transcriptome reprogramming in resistant and susceptible isogenic tomato lines.

BackgroundFusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) is one of the most destructive necrotrophic pathogens affecting tomato crops, causing considerable field and greenhouse yield losses. Despite such major economic impact, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici resistance in tomato.ResultsA transcriptomic experiment was carried out in order to investigate the main mechanisms of FORL response in resistant and susceptible isogenic tomato lines. Microarray analysis at 15 DPI (days post inoculum) revealed a distinct gene expression pattern between the two genotypes in the inoculated vs non-inoculated conditions. A model of plant response both for compatible and incompatible reactions was proposed. In particular, in the incompatible interaction an activation of defense genes related to secondary metabolite production and tryptophan metabolism was observed. Moreover, maintenance of the cell osmotic potential after the FORL challenging was mediated by a dehydration-induced protein. As for the compatible interaction, activation of an oxidative burst mediated by peroxidases and a cytochrome monooxygenase induced cell degeneration and necrosis.ConclusionsOur work allowed comprehensive understanding of the molecular basis of the tomato-FORL interaction. The result obtained emphasizes a different transcriptional reaction between the resistant and the susceptible genotype to the FORL challenge. Our findings could lead to the improvement in disease control strategies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0740-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

An Extended Leaf Disc Test for Virulence Assessment in Plasmopara Viticola and Detection of Downy Mildew Resistance in Vitis

Viticulture is continuously suffering significant economic loss from downy mildew epidemics. Although the infection biology of the pathogen Plasmopara viticola is well understood, little is known regarding the population diversity of this oomycete and on the mechanisms responsible for compatible or incompatible reactions with different host genotypes. The discrimination of strains with different virulence is a fundamental step for the assessment of pathotypes in local populations and could help to develop measures for preventing economic loss. We here describe an extended and slightly modified bioassay for the assessment of virulence by means of sporulation intensity. Simultaneously, the necrotic reaction of host genotypes is considered and allows identification of different resistance strategies. Comparison of infections symptoms of 12 host genotypes after inoculation with five different single sporangium strains of Plasmopara viticola showed that: 1. resistance diversity is high in some Vitis vinifera. Cultivars; 2. Vitis riparia showed the strongest resistance amongst the four tested North American species; 3. Asian Vitaceae harbor fully resistant as well as highly susceptible genotypes. In addition, microscopic investigation of inoculated leaf discs from Vitis amurensis and Ampelopsis japonica unraveled, that despite lack of sporulation, a mycelium may grow to a certain point in resistant hosts. The necrotic reaction in V. amurensis indicates a different mechanism of resistance when compared to A. japonica, where no necrosis was found.

Differential response of Germplasm to Inter-Specific Hybridization of Brassica spp.

Differential response of Germplasm to Inter-Specific Hybridization of Brassica spp. Understanding the fact behind the incompatible reaction in inter specific crosses is important for attempting successful crosses. Inter-specific hybridization between Brassica juncea and Brassica oleracea var botrytis were developed using reciprocal crosses. Four varieties of Indian mustard namely Varuna, Kranti, Pusa Bold and Rajendra Suflam were crossed reciprocally with one Cauliflower variety Sabour Agrim. Several barriers were observed right from the pre-fertilization to post fertilization during embryo developmental stages. 78.26%, 64.96% and 63.68% siliqua was retained after 6 days, 10 days and 15 days of pollination respectively when B. juncea was used as female parent whereas 99.35%, 45.51% and 43.22% of siliqua were retained after 6 days, 10 days and 15 days of pollination respectively when Brassica oleracea var bortytis was used as female parent. Both pre and post fertilization barriers were predominantly found when B. juncea was used as female parent whereas post fertilization barriers were found in the reciprocal crosses. Differential varietal response to siliqua drops was observed in the reciprocal crosses. Maximum response in the success of crosses was obtained for variety Kranti in B. juncea X B oleracea cross whereas variety Rajendra suflam was highly efficient in reciprocal crosses. ..

Report on errors in pretransfusion testing from a tertiary care center: A step toward transfusion safety.

Introduction:Errors in the process of pretransfusion testing for blood transfusion can occur at any stage from collection of the sample to administration of the blood component. The present study was conducted to analyze the errors that threaten patients’ transfusion safety and actual harm/serious adverse events that occurred to the patients due to these errors.Materials and Methods:The prospective study was conducted in the Department Of Transfusion Medicine, Shri Maharaja Gulab Singh Hospital, Government Medical College, Jammu, India from January 2014 to December 2014 for a period of 1 year. Errors were defined as any deviation from established policies and standard operating procedures. A near-miss event was defined as those errors, which did not reach the patient. Location and time of occurrence of the events/errors were also noted.Results:A total of 32,672 requisitions for the transfusion of blood and blood components were received for typing and cross-matching. Out of these, 26,683 products were issued to the various clinical departments. A total of 2,229 errors were detected over a period of 1 year. Near-miss events constituted 53% of the errors and actual harmful events due to errors occurred in 0.26% of the patients. Sample labeling errors were 2.4%, inappropriate request for blood components 2%, and information on requisition forms not matching with that on the sample 1.5% of all the requisitions received were the most frequent errors in clinical services. In transfusion services, the most common event was accepting sample in error with the frequency of 0.5% of all requisitions. ABO incompatible hemolytic reactions were the most frequent harmful event with the frequency of 2.2/10,000 transfusions.Conclusion:Sample labeling, inappropriate request, and sample received in error were the most frequent high-risk errors.

Mycelial Compatibility and Cultural Grouping ofSclerotinia sclerotiorumIsolates Causing Root Rot and Stem Rot of Sunflower in Punjab

Variability among 23 isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) associated with root rot, stem rot and head rot of sunflower collected from different locations of Punjab is reported. The isolates varied in colony morphology, mycelial growth rate, sclerotium formation and sclerotia size. Variability among the isolates on the basis of mycelial compatibility was also observed. Five groups of isolates were identified based on cluster analysis. The field population of S. sclerotiorum was genetically heterogenous as lot of variation existed in cultural characters and mycelial incompatibility reactions.

Grafting Affects Growth, Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Partitioning Under Cadmium Stress in Tomato

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the influence of long-term cadmium (Cd) exposure (0, 25, or 50 µm of Cd) on crop productivity, fruit quality, leaf chlorophyll content, fluorescence, and mineral composition in plants of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ikram), either nongrafted, self-grafted, or grafted onto rootstocks of tomato (Maxifort or Unifort) and eggplant (Black Beauty). Both moderate (25 µm) and high (50 µm) concentration of Cd in root environment considerably decreased the fruit yield and fruit number in response to Cd levels, whereas mean fruit weight decreased but was similar to both Cd supply levels. The fruit yield, shoot and root biomass, and leaf area (LA) were higher in plants grafted onto tomato rootstocks and especially onto Maxifort in comparison with nongrafted or self-grafted plants and especially grafted onto Black Beauty. The higher plant performance of tomato rootstock–grafted plants were related to higher chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic pigments concentration in leaves associated with better nutrient translocation and availability (higher Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, and Cu) in leaves. The content of Cd was also lower in leaves and fruits of Maxifort-grafted plants. Concerning fruit quality, especially peel color, toxicity symptoms, and Cd concentration, Black Beauty followed by Maxifort-grafted plants were better than the other grafting combinations. However, plants grafted onto Black Beauty rootstock resulted in lowest fruit yield and plant growth attributes due to lower nutrient uptake and translocation indicating some incompatibility reaction between Black Beauty rootstock and Ikram scion.

Self- and nonself recognition during hyphal interactions in Rosellinia necatrix

Hyphal interactions of 10 Rosellinia necatrix isolates were analyzed. Most incompatible pairings produced broad melanized barrage lines, with a few exceptions. The variation in barrage lines revealed using light microscopy might result from distinct frequencies of different hyphal interaction types. In incompatible pairings, hyphal anastomosis was rarely observed. Activated-charcoal treatment of oatmeal agar media prevented both incompatible and compatible reactions. FUN-1 staining showed vacuole dysfunction at hyphal interaction sites, and the localization of a Lifeact-GFP mutant revealed that actin dynamics was prominent in compatible pairings. These results suggested that self/nonself recognition commonly proceeded to vacuole dysfunction and that actin dynamics played a critical role in the restoration of vacuole integrity.

Tailored one-pot production of furan-based fuels from fructose in an ionic liquid biphasic solvent system

The one-pot catalytic transformation of biomass to useful products is desirable for saving cost and time. The integration of the various reaction steps need to address the presence of incompatible reaction conditions and numerous side reactions. We report a novel process for the one-pot production of furan-based fuels, 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) and 2,5-dihmethyltetrahydrofuran (DMTF), from fructose by optimizing the synergic effect of an ionic liquid promoted Ru/C catalyst and the solvent effect. The dehydration of fructose and subsequent in situ hydrodeoxygenation of HMF to DMF and DMTF on Ru/C were enhanced by the use of an ionic liquid and a biphasic [BMIm]Cl/THF solvent. Elemental analysis, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and H2-temperature programmed reduction–mass spectroscopy characterization showed that the ionic liquid modified the electronic density of the Ru species to favor HMF in situ hydrodeoxygenation. Moreover, THF served as a reaction-extraction solvent that extracted DMF and DMTF from the reaction layer to avoid further side reactions. A rational design that gave enhancement of the catalytic performance and product protection provides a promising strategy for the one-pot conversion of biomass to desired fuels.

RNA-Seq analysis of resistant and susceptible potato varieties during the early stages of potato virus Y infection.

BackgroundPotato virus Y (PVY) is one of the most important plant viruses affecting potato production. The interactions between potato and PVY are complex and the outcome of the interactions depends on the potato genotype, the PVY strain, and the environmental conditions. A potato cultivar can induce resistance to a specific PVY strain, yet be susceptible to another. How a single potato cultivar responds to PVY in both compatible and incompatible interactions is not clear.ResultsIn this study, we used RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) to investigate and compare the transcriptional changes in leaves of potato upon inoculation with PVY. We used two potato varieties: Premier Russet, which is resistant to the PVY strain O (PVYO) but susceptible to the strain NTN (PVYNTN), and Russet Burbank, which is susceptible to all PVY strains that have been tested. Leaves were inoculated with PVYO or PVYNTN, and samples were collected 4 and 10 h post inoculation (hpi). A larger number of differentially expressed (DE) genes were found in the compatible reactions compared to the incompatible reaction. For all treatments, the majority of DE genes were down-regulated at 4 hpi and up-regulated at 10 hpi. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed enrichment of the biological process GO term “Photosynthesis, light harvesting” specifically in PVYO-inoculated Premier Russet leaves, while the GO term “nucleosome assembly” was largely overrepresented in PVYNTN-inoculated Premier Russet leaves and PVYO-inoculated Russet Burbank leaves but not in PVYO-inoculated Premier Russet leaves. Fewer genes were DE over 4-fold in the incompatible reaction compared to the compatible reactions. Amongst these, five genes were DE only in PVYO-inoculated Premier Russet leaves, and all five were down-regulated. These genes are predicted to encode for a putative ABC transporter, a MYC2 transcription factor, a VQ-motif containing protein, a non-specific lipid-transfer protein, and a xyloglucan endotransglucosylase-hydroxylase.ConclusionsOur results show that the incompatible and compatible reactions in Premier Russet shared more similarities, in particular during the initial response, than the compatible reactions in the two different hosts. Our results identify potential key processes and genes that determine the fate of the reaction, compatible or incompatible, between PVY and its host.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1666-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Incompatible hazard investigation of a cycloaliphatic epoxy resin using green analytical method

A green analytical method was applied to evaluate the incompatible hazard for 3,4-epoxycyclohexane methyl-3′4′-epoxycyclohexyl-carboxylate (EEC) mixed with its synthetic materials. During the manufacturing process, numerous accidents of human poisoning, explosion, or fire have been reported due to the chemical’s incompatible reaction. A calorimetric application and product’s analysis approach have been employed to obtain related information for the incompatible hazard investigations of chemicals. This study also used nonlinear regression analysis to establish a kinetic model. The results proved that H2SO4 can cause an abnormal curing reaction and release significant amounts of heat of the curing reaction for EEC, increasing the occurrence probability of accidents.

Transcript dynamics at early stages of molecular interactions of MYMIV with resistant and susceptible genotypes of the leguminous host, Vigna mungo.

Initial phases of the MYMIV- Vigna mungo interaction is crucial in determining the infection phenotype upon challenging with the virus. During incompatible interaction, the plant deploys multiple stratagems that include extensive transcriptional alterations defying the virulence factors of the pathogen. Such molecular events are not frequently addressed by genomic tools. In order to obtain a critical insight to unravel how V. mungo respond to Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV), we have employed the PCR based suppression subtractive hybridization technique to identify genes that exhibit altered expressions. Dynamics of 345 candidate genes are illustrated that differentially expressed either in compatible or incompatible reactions and their possible biological and cellular functions are predicted. The MYMIV-induced physiological aspects of the resistant host include reactive oxygen species generation, induction of Ca2+ mediated signaling, enhanced expression of transcripts involved in phenylpropanoid and ubiquitin-proteasomal pathways; all these together confer resistance against the invader. Elicitation of genes implicated in salicylic acid (SA) pathway suggests that immune response is under the regulation of SA signaling. A significant fraction of modulated transcripts are of unknown function indicating participation of novel candidate genes in restricting this viral pathogen. Susceptibility on the other hand, as exhibited by V. mungo Cv. T9 is perhaps due to the poor execution of these transcript modulation exhibiting remarkable repression of photosynthesis related genes resulting in chlorosis of leaves followed by penalty in crop yield. Thus, the present findings revealed an insight on the molecular warfare during host-virus interaction suggesting plausible signaling mechanisms and key biochemical pathways overriding MYMIV invasion in resistant genotype of V. mungo. In addition to inflate the existing knowledge base, the genomic resources identified in this orphan crop would be useful for integrating MYMIV-tolerance trait in susceptible cultivars of V. mungo.

Host Genotype and Hypersensitive Reaction Influence Population Levels of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians in Lettuce.

Dynamics of population sizes of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians inoculated onto or into lettuce leaves were monitored on susceptible and resistant cultivars. In general, population growth was greater for susceptible (Clemente, Salinas 88, Vista Verde) than resistant (Batavia Reine des Glaces, Iceberg, Little Gem) cultivars. When spray-inoculated or infiltrated, population levels of X. campestris pv. vitians were consistently significantly lower on Little Gem than on susceptible cultivars, while differences in the other resistant cultivars were not consistently statistically significant. Populations increased at an intermediate rate on cultivars Iceberg and Batavia Reine des Glaces. There were significant positive correlations between bacterial concentration applied and disease severity for all cultivars, but bacterial titer had a significantly greater influence on disease severity in the susceptible cultivars than in Little Gem and an intermediate influence in Iceberg and Batavia Reine des Glaces. Infiltration of X. campestris pv. vitians strains into leaves of Little Gem resulted in an incompatible reaction, whereas compatible reactions were observed in all other cultivars. It appears that the differences in the relationship between population dynamics for Little Gem and the other cultivars tested were due to the hypersensitive response in cultivar Little Gem. These findings have implications for disease management and lettuce breeding because X. campestris pv. vitians interacts differently with cultivars that differ for resistance mechanisms.

ChemInform Abstract: Pot‐in‐Pot Reactions: A Simple and Green Approach to Efficient Organic Synthesis

AbstractReview: 134 refs.

Differential expression analysis of a select list of genes in susceptible and resistant heirloom tomatoes with respect to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato

Bacterial speck disease of tomato, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) is one of the most devastating diseases of tomato in the world. To investigate plant responses activated during plant-pathogen interaction, we studied the expression analysis of selected defense-response genes and the microbe or pathogen associated molecular patterns (MAMP or PAMP) triggered immunity (PTI) marker genes in heirloom tomatoes challenged with virulent Pst DC3000. Transcript levels of the defense response genes, including SlPR1a (pathogenesis related proteins), SlPR-Q′b (β-1,3-glucanase), SlGST (Glutathione S-transferase) and peroxidase were up-regulated in the resistant cultivars Orange Strawberry and Amishpaste. The PTI marker genes SlPTI5 (encode a pathogen-inducible ethylene response element-binding protein-like transcription factor) and SlFLS2 (a leucine rich-repeat receptor like kinase) were strongly up-regulated in the incompatible reaction to resistant cultivar Orange Strawberry. On the other hand, transcripts from all tested genes were down-regulated in the compatible interaction in susceptible cultivars Yellow Pear and Brandywine. The induction of defense response and PTI marker genes occurred in the early infection process at 3 days post-inoculation (dpi) and consistent with lower levels of disease severity in resistant cultivars was observed than in susceptible cultivars. Our results contribute to the body of information on bacterial speck disease resistance in an economically important crop tomato.