Canola Meal Inclusion Research Articles

THE PERFORMANCE OF ONE NORMAL AND TWO DWARF MEAT MATERNAL GENOTYPES AND THEIR PROGENY AS AFFECTED BY REARING AND ADULT DIETARY TREATMENTS

The performances of one normal and two dwarf meat maternal genotypes were compared in a factorial experiment designed to estimate the combined effects of feeding two juvenile diets (low protein (LP) high energy (HE) versus high protein (HP) low energy (LE)) from 106 to 140 days and four adult dietary treatments (LPHE, HPHE, HPLE and an HPLE excluding canola meal) fed from 141 to 420 days. The performance of the three genotypes differed significantly (P < 0.05) for egg production, egg fertility at 322 days, feed efficiency, live body weights and monetary returns less the cost of chicks and feed. One of the dwarf gentoypes exhibited the highest monetary returns. Juvenile dietary treatments had no significant (P > 0.05) effect on the traits measured except age at sexual maturity and female body weights at 154 d. Several traits were affected by the adult dietary treatments including mortality, incidence of fatty liver syndrome, hen-day egg production, feed efficiency up to 322 and 420 days and live body weights. Mortality due to fatty liver syndrome was significantly (P < 0.01) lower among hens fed the high protein, low energy diet without canola meal compared with hens fed the other three adult diets, all of which included canola meal as a feed ingredient. Key words: Dwarf, meat breeders, hens, broilers, diets, fatty liver syndrome, genotypes

Effect of Canola Meal, Fish Meal, and Choline Plus Methionine on the Sensory Quality of Broiler Chickens

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect on sensory quality of broiler chickens of diets containing 150 or 300 g canola meal (CM) with 1 g added DL-methionine plus .5 g choline chloride/kg or methionine and choline plus 50 g herring fish meal/kg compared to diets containing canola meal without either combination of supplements. The chickens were fed in battery brooders for 52 days, then killed, eviscerated, and frozen for later evaluation. An experienced taste panel evaluated cooked breast and thigh meat separately.Inclusion of up to 300 g CM/kg in the diet did not affect the intensity of chicken flavor, juiciness, or tenderness of the meat. Increasing frequency of off-flavors with the higher levels of CM was associated primarily with diets containing added fish meal, methionine, and choline. Supplementary methionine and choline in diets without fish meal did not affect sensory quality.It is concluded that the inclusion of CM in broiler diets at the recommended level of 200 g/kg is unlikely to affect the palatability of the resulting meat, but that 50 g herring fish meal/kg may lead to an increased frequency of off-flavors.

DIETARY PHOSPHORUS REQUIREMENTS OF LAYING HENS KEPT IN FLOOR PENS AND FED DIETS CONTAINING CANOLA MEAL

An experiment of 46 wk duration was conducted to study the phosphorus requirements of laying hens kept in floor pens and fed diets containing different levels of canola meal (CM). The hens were given diets in which P levels were altered by adding either 10, 20 or 25% CM or an inorganic P supplement. The results obtained indicated that increasing the dietary level of P from 0.40 to 0.44, 0.48 or 0.50% by adding either CM or an inorganic P supplement had no effect on mortality, rate of production, feed conversion, body weight, blood P levels or calcification as measured by tibia or toe ash content. There was also no effect on egg quality traits as measured by egg weight, Haugh unit values, specific gravity, egg fracture force or deformation. Inclusion of CM in the diets resulted in some increase in thyroid size which was directly related to the level of CM used. The productive performance of the groups fed CM showed that the high level of P in this ingredient was well utilized by the laying hen. From the results it may be concluded that a level of 0.4% P in a laying diet, with all of the P derived from plant sources, was sufficient to meet the dietary P requirements of laying hens kept in floor pens. Key words: Phosphorus requirements, laying hens, canola meal