To investigate the obstetric, neonatal, and long-term outcomes of in vitro maturation (IVM) compared to conventional IVF in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Matched retrospective case-control study. One hundred eighty-four patients undergoing IVM were compared with 366 patients undergoing IVF. All had PCOS and matched for patients’ age, gestational age at birth, and the number of fetuses. Only women who had been conceived after fresh embryo transfer in the cycle of oocyte retrieval between January 1999 and December 2015 were included. Pregnancies using preimplantation genetic tests, testicular sperm extraction, or donor gametes were excluded. A questionnaire including pregnancy/neonatal outcomes and childhood medical problems/development was developed and distributed by reproductive specialists and administered via phone interview. Women’s mean age at oocytes retrieval was 32.6±2.9 years. Children’s mean age was 7.5±2.3 years. There were no differences in the frequency of obstetric and neonatal outcomes between the two groups. No difference was found in birthweights between the two groups. The incidence of congenital anomalies was comparable between the groups (4.3% in IVM vs. 4.1% in IVF groups, p=0.65). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in the frequency and duration of hospitalization during childhood. Growth developmental status of both groups was within normal range. In a matched setting between IVM and IVF babies born from women with PCOS, IVM is not associated with any additional risk compared to IVF after a mean follow-up of 7.5 years.