Incidence Of Adverse Reactions In Patients Research Articles

The Frequency and Structure of Adverse Drug Reactions in the Pharmacotherapy of Epilepsy

The problem of the safety of antiepileptic therapy due to the duration of treatment and the need for regular intake of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is extremely significant. Adverse reactions (ADRs) may outweigh any positive effect of therapy associated with seizure reduction. The purpose of the study: to analyze the frequency and structure of ADRs of AEDs. Materials and Methods: The work was carried out within the framework of comprehensive research on the topic No. 210-16 "Epidemiological, genetic and neurophysiological aspects of diseases of the nervous system (central, peripheral and vegetative) and preventive medicine" (registration number 0120.0807480). Results: The frequency of ADRs against the background of third-generation AEDs was not inferior to that against the background of receiving second-generation AEDs, while the structure of ADRs was different: third-generation AEDs had a higher incidence of ADRs from the central nervous system, including a worsening of the course of epilepsy. The ratio of the chances of valproic acid accumulation with the achievement of toxic concentration in the blood and the development of un-desirable side effects in poor metabolizers (carriers of the polymorphism of CYP2C9*2 or CYP2C9*3) the gene encoding the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme 2C9 of the liver is 5.94 and 4.27, respectively. Conclusion: A personalized approach to ensuring the safety of valproic acid preparations based on taking into account the carriage of polymorphisms of the CYP2C9 gene allows to reduce the incidence of ADRs in patients receiving valproic acid preparations from 59.28% to 10.78%. The introduction of a personalized approach to the administration of valproates to patients suffering from epilepsy in the Krasnoyarsk Territory did not lead to an increase in direct costs.

Health Informatics of Oxycodone Hydrochloride Sustained-Release Tablets for Cancer Pain Treatment with Support of Computed Tomography Diagnosis

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the medical value of oxycodone hydrochloride sustainedrelease tablets in the treatment of advanced cancer pain in adults using biostatistics and computed tomography (CT). Methods: The efficacy, pain relief and adverse reactions of oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets in 100 patients with moderate to severe adult cancer pain were retrospectively analyzed. To compare the effects of gender, first-visit pain degree, pain type and metastasis on the effectiveness and pain relief. VAS score decreased by 25.0% or more is effective for treatment, in which pain disappeared completely for complete relief, VAS score decreased by 75.0% or more for obvious relief, VAS score decreased by 50.0%–74.9% for moderate relief, VAS score decreased by 25.0%–49.9% for mild relief, and VAS score decreased by less than 25.0% for no relief. Results: The pain relief rate was 93%. There were 12 cases of complete relief, 24 cases of obvious relief (32%), 23 cases of moderate relief (31%), 10 cases of mild relief (14%) and 5 cases of no relief (7%). The incidence of adverse reactions in patients was 56% constipation, 40% nausea and 76% vomiting. After 4 weeks, the incidence of adverse reactions in patients was 24% constipation, 13% nausea and 43% vomiting. Furthermore, CT image analysis shows that oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets has obvious therapeutic effect on cancer. Discussion: High-dose oxycodone sustained-release tablets are effective in the treatment of patients with advanced cancer pain. It can relieve the pain of patients, and has high safety. This can be verified based on our health informatics analysis and CT image diagnosis. Conclusion: Oxycodone hydrochloride sustained release tablets are effective and safe in the outpatient treatment of moderate and severe cancer pain in adults, and have better control effect on moderate cancer pain patients, which is worthy of further application and promotion for clinical use.