Incentive Tools Research Articles

Green building in the ESG agenda for sustainable development of Russia: conditions and trends

To achieve the sustainable development goals proclaimed by the UN, we need to use more green building technologies that meet the principles of sustainable development, increase energy efficiency and achieve the environmental direction of the country’s ESG transformation. The authors consider the main problems and directions of green building in the Russian Federation. The study highlights the main limiting factors to develop green building in the domestic building industry. It was revealed that the main ones are related to the inconsistency of legal regulation, lack of demand from consumers, lack of specialists in the field of green building, assessment and certification of green objects. The study found that no more than a third of the country’s population knows about green building, only 20% are aware of the need for environmental certification of buildings, and only 6% of the population require this certification when purchasing housing. At the same time, the development of green building is hampered by difficulties with import substitution of green technologies and green building materials. The purpose of the study is to analyze the conditions and trends for green building development in the Russian Federation. The scientific research hypothesis is to introduce the ESG principles into building as an effective approach for sustainable development in Russia. The main conclusion of the study is to develop incentive tools for transition to green building technologies and green certification of building projects. The results of the study will contribute to the expansion of green building projects in the domestic building industry.

Does money matter, and for whom: the importance of financial motivational factors among employees of banks in Poland

Motivation: The organisation’s approach to building human capital is an essential factor in the success of market entities, and it determines a competitive advantage in the market. Due to the challenges and various market changes that banks face, building an effectively motivated multigenerational employee team and understanding employee intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is very important.Aim: The paper aims to contribute to the literature and fill the research gap on the financial motivators available in banking and non-banking entities. The paper examines the role and importance of financial incentives, regularly used in the banking sector, in conjunction with a comprehensive analysis of their significance for representatives of different generations (X, Y, Z), gender, and career level in the sample of various institutions in the banking sector in Poland.Results: The paper outlines the opportunity to revise incentive systems in banking operations. The analysis was made twofold: firstly, within extensive desk research, and secondly, based on the empirical survey in the form of an individual research questionnaire carried out among 418 employees of various banks and companies from their capital groups just before the pandemic in 2020. The results were examined using statistical analysis, including non-parametric tests. We identified multiple respondents’ attitudes to motivational financial factors and classified their importance concerning generation, age, and organisational position. The study’s results indicate that generational and gender differences affect the perception of bank financial incentive tools. Some financial motivational factors regularly used in banks do not equally motivate employees, which leads to the conclusion that banking institutions should inevitably include generational and gender factors in their motivational approach to employees.

Human resource management using motivation and incentive tools

In business practice, it is impossible to reassess the role of the personnel motivation and incentive system in a company, since it allows you to smooth out the main conflicts between an employee and an employer, meeting the needs and interests of both sides as much as possible. The importance of this area of management is also due to its close relationship with other areas of work with human resources — adaptation, loyalty and engagement, etc. This article reflects the processes of human resource management in the organization through the use of motivation and incentive tools. The methodological characteristics of motivation and stimulation are given. The forms and means of encouraging employees have been defined. The current approaches and ways of stimulating employees are identified, which are used by modern organizations to increase the efficiency of using human resources and achieve the goals of the organization.The subject of the research in the article is the tools of human resource management in the organization. The research results are to identify modern ways of motivating and stimulating the work of employees to increase the competitiveness of the organization. The necessity of interconnection of these tools for the effective performance of labor functions by the organization’s personnel, as well as the possibilities and results of their use, is substantiated.

The effect of incentive policies on the diffusion of construction and demolition waste recycling: A government perspective.

Construction and demolition (C&D) waste recycling plays a significant role in waste reduction and carbon reduction, which is critical for sustainable development. However, due to various limitations such as financial problems, C&D waste recycling industry is not well developed in developing countries. To address this problem, this study combines complex network theory and evolutionary game theory to analyse the diffusion of C&D waste recycling behaviour among enterprises under governmental incentive policies within a complex network context. The results demonstrate that the size of the network has limited effects on behaviour diffusion in Watts-Strogatz small-world network. Additionally, the study highlights the clear impact of governmental incentive probability, initial rate and connection degree on the diffusion path. By quantitatively investigating the effects of incentive tools, this study contributes to the knowledge of C&D waste management and provides valuable implications for stakeholders seeking to promote the diffusion of C&D waste recycling.

Forming a financial model of carbon regulation in the context of the decarbonization objectives for the Russian Federation

The article addresses financial issues of carbon regulation. The research purpose was to identify the features and problems of the financial model development of carbon regulation in the Russian Federation. The research objectives included substantiation of the model concept, systematization of models used in international practice, characterization and assessment of the current stage of the concerning model development in the Russian Federation. According to the research hypothesis, at the early stages of development, the financial model of carbon regulation in the Russian Federation is soft, providing rather a signal effect for business and not having a significant impact on the implementation of national objectives of decarbonization. In the study of international and Russian experience in the implementation of financial models of carbon regulation, methods of content analysis and statistical processing of relevant information were applied. The theoretical results of the research include the analyzed model concept, a refined classification of its main types and a model of its rigidity index. Systematization and evaluation of applied aspects of the problem allow us to conclude that the financial model of carbon regulation in the Russian Federation is super-soft, which has advantages for business, but actualizes such challenges as the effect of the “green paradox”, the risk of importing environmental problems from countries with stricter climate requirements and the green washing problem. It is argued that the development of the financial model of carbon regulation in the Russian Federation requires improving the system of incentive tools, tightening climate reporting standards, formalizing requirements for corporate climate strategies, as well as a differentiated approach adapted to regional business conditions. The research results will be in demand in further academic and expert work in this field. In particular, they can be used in climate strategizing, including in substantiating recommendations for the implementation of the Low-Carbon Development Strategy of the Russian Federation.

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ МОТИВАЦИЕЙ ПЕРСОНАЛА В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ ХОЗЯЙСТВОВАНИЯ

Modern market conditions and the process of carrying out production and economic activities at industrial enterprises require constant improvement and control in the motivation management system. A well-planned and timely implemented program for motivating and stimulating personnel is the main means of ensuring the quality and effective utilization of the labor resources of the enterprise. The aim of this article is to propose an updated management approach to employee motivation based on the analysis of modern incentive tools for their implementation in a printing enterprise with the goal of reducing staff turnover and maintaining stable competitive positions in the domestic market amidst foreign capital outflow.

Impact of Changes in the Policy of Caring for Left-behind Children on the Educational Problems of Left-behind Children

To make it possible to construct a socialist nation-state and implement the plan for rural revitalisation, it is crucial to address the educational problems of rural children who are left-behind. In this regard, this article starts from a policy-making and implementation perspective and considers the impact of policy changes in caring for those children on the educational problems of them. The article uses literature analysis to analyse China’s policies related to left-behind children from 2003 to 2023. Through the method of textual analysis, the article concludes that the policy system has gone through three stages: the stage of constructing authoritative tools, the stage of cultivating capacity-building tools, and the stage of developing endogenous incentive tools. Currently, China's policies on caring for left-behind children have already become a comprehensive and systematic system, with the characteristics of multi-agency collaborative nurturing and have a certain mitigating effect on the educational problems of this group. The policy's impact on the education of those children is certain. However, there are still shortcomings in the implementation and evaluation of the current policy system, and there is a need to continue to improve the safety management system and the evaluation system, and implement the responsibilities of the main bodies, so that China can encourage the policy system related to children who are left-behind to be implementation.

СОЦІАЛЬНА СПРЯМОВАНІСТЬ ЕНЕРГЕТИТЧНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ: УКРАЇНСЬКІ РЕАЛІЇ ТА ДОСВІД КРАЇН ЄС

Violation of infrastructural connections due to military actions, lack of financial, investment and material and technical resources, limited solvency of the population - all this has led to the fact that Ukraine, at the current stage of economic development, is at a very low socio-economic level, so questions about reflection of social orientation in the state energy policy of Ukraine, establishment of problems and tools for solving social problems in this area is extremely relevant. The purpose of the article is to develop recommendations for finding ways to solve the problem of protecting vulnerable consumers as a component of social orientation in the state energy policy. Methods used in the research: comparative analysis, detailing and generalization, comparison and grouping, etc. The hypothesis of the research was the assumption that in the conditions of war, new approaches to the formation of energy security in the national dimension should be sought, including taking into account vulnerable sections of the population. Presenting main material. Statistical analysis shows that the factors of deepening energy poverty have become actualized in Ukraine. It was determined that energy poverty can be caused by a combination of the following factors: low income; inefficient buildings and devices in them; high energy prices; lack of information on incentive tools to reduce energy consumption. It is emphasized that energy poverty is caused by lack of access to electricity and lack of clean energy for cooking. It is summarized that the issue of strengthening the protection of socially vulnerable consumers is becoming extremely acute and is gaining scale of national importance. Originality and practical significance of the research. All parties involved in ensuring competition on energy markets should be actively involved in the most beneficial way for consumers. The stated thesis should become a source and constant for state institutions, regulatory bodies, consumer organizations, business organizations, scientists and others. Conclusions. Solving the problem of protecting vulnerable consumers and overcoming the devastating impact of war on the situation with energy poverty is possible through the implementation of the policy of social support of the population through the development of the Institute for the Protection of Consumer Rights with the provision of maximum openness of the activities of energy infrastructure entities, the use of a public control mechanism, and the creation of an energy platform and monitoring. The issue of energy poverty is directly related to the issue of ensuring the energy security of the country, which, in turn, is an integral component of national security.

Burnout and turnover intention of primary health care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic in China

ObjectivesThis study explored the changes and new characteristics of burnout and turnover intention of primary health care (PHC) providers during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Study designThis was a cross-sectional study. MethodsThis study investigated 1326 PHC providers during the COVID-19 outbreak in 2022 in one district of Shanghai, China. Independent t-test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test were used to analyse the between-group variation of variables associated to burnout and turnover intention. Then, hierarchical regression analysis was used to further determine the impact of certain variables on burnout and turnover intention, the relationship of burnout on turnover intention and the possible moderating effect. ResultsThe results showed that there was no significant change in the prevalence of overall burnout of PHC providers compared to the pre-epidemic period; however, there was a significant increase in high-level burnout. No significant change in turnover intention at the moderate level and above was observed. During the COVID-19 pandemic, PHC providers who were older, married, local and had a higher skill level had higher burnout, while PHC providers who were male, unmarried, non-local and separated from their family had a higher turnover intention. It was shown that burnout, with its three sub-dimensions, was a good predictor of turnover intention. The impact of burnout on turnover intention was shown to be alleviated by certain variables, including being married, living locally and receiving benefit packages, including the preferential education policy for children and talent incentive policies. ConclusionsResults from this study have highlighted the importance of paying attention to vulnerable groups of PHC providers, for example those who are separated from their families, during emergency situations. Various incentive tools could be comprehensively used to ensure the stability and efficiency of PHC human resources.

Does the new municipal solid waste management regulation promote residents' waste separation behaviour? Evidence from survey data in Beijing, China.

Waste source separation is an essential section of successful municipal solid waste management, and the city governments in China are shifting from building massive waste treatment facilities to regulating residents' waste separation behaviour (WSB). In order to promote residents' WSB, Beijing, the capital of China, implemented the new version of municipal household waste management regulation (NEMAR) and allocated more funds. This article constructs a theoretical framework to analyse the relationship between the NEMAR and residents' WSB from the perspective of policy tools, and uses propensity score matching method to evaluate the NEMAR's effectiveness on promoting residents' WSB, with first-hand data collected by distributing two rounds of questionnaires in Beijing. Results show that the NEMAR in Beijing have significantly improved the frequency and accuracy of residents' WSB. The command-control tools such as fines are effective to enhance WSB. The information guidance tools such as propaganda in community publicity column, banner and brochure could significantly promote residents' WSB frequency. Training seminars could enhance residents' WSB accuracy. The economic incentive tools are ineffective, and the policy of direct material rewards even hampers residents' WSB. This research reveals the effectiveness of the new policy and different tools in promoting residents' WSB. It could provide evidence for policymakers to utilize more effective governing tools and optimize the allocation of public resources.

Collaborative measurement of data opening policy in China's municipal government data management system: Taking a regional central city as an example.

In the current era of big data, the exponential increase in the volume of social data has exerted a significant influence on the government and all sectors of society, with the opening of government data becoming an irresistible trend. In this paper, several regional central cities are selected as the representatives of municipal governments to analyze the characteristics and weaknesses of their data-opening policies from various perspectives including policy effectiveness, policy tools, and policy targets. This is of reference significance for the municipal governments of an individual country in the formulation of data opening policies. To be specific, with 2015-2021 as the timeline, based on the six regions of the country, the central cities of each region are selected as representatives of municipal cities, and the text coding of 85 data opening policies implemented in regional central cities are performed. On this basis, a "policy tool-policy targets-policy effectiveness" collaborative measurement model is constructed through the policy tool theory, and the co-evolution analysis of the relevant policies is conducted. The research results are as follows. Firstly, there is a positive correlation between the total policy effectiveness and its quantity, indicating that the number of data-opening policies plays a positive role to a certain extent. However, the average effectiveness shows no significant increase, indicating the inadequate specificity of each policy. Secondly, the degree of synergy between policy tools fluctuates periodically, indicating that the government is constantly trying new methods, with more importance attached to the synergy between government capacity cultivation and positive incentive tools. Thirdly, policy targets continue to show new connotations over time, and there has been new progress made in the coordination between the other three objectives driven by data opening. However, it is imperative to enhance the synergy between the objectives of building a smart city and improving the services related to livelihood. Finally, some targeted suggestions are put forward on how to further improve the data opening policy implemented by municipal governments from three perspectives.

Analysis of the Main Stakeholders in the Development of China 's Inclusive Insurance

Objective The development of Inclusive Insurance is an important measure for the government to improve the level of catastrophic illness and improve the multi-level medical security system in China. Therefore, this paper is aimed at putting forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the development of Inclusive Insurance by analyzing the main stakeholders involved. Method Based on the stakeholder theory, the stakeholders in the development of Inclusive Insurance were defined, and the driving and hindering factors of the development of Inclusive Insurance were clarified from the different demands of stakeholders. Conclusion Government departments, insurance institutions, and third-party platform companies are the main driving forces for the development of Inclusive Insurance, insured persons and medical institutions are the beneficiaries of the development of Inclusive Insurance, and pharmaceutical enterprises are potential promoters. However, the self-interest motivation of medical institutions may make it a resistance factor, and insurance institutions and insured persons are also easy to become a resistance factor when they suffer loss of interests. In this regard, in order to promote the formation of collaboration among multiple subjects and jointly promote the healthy and sustainable development of Inclusive Insurance, the following suggestions are put forward: establishing an effective data sharing mechanism to help insurance institutions achieve customer development and in-depth operation; clarifying the role of government functions and the boundaries of government and enterprise responsibilities to safeguard the rights and interests of insurance companies; using incentive tools to mobilize the enthusiasm of insurance institutions and the public; strengthening product publicity to establish a correct insurance awareness; making full use of the resources of pharmaceutical enterprises to further ensure the accessibility of patients ' medication.

Monetary and social incentives in multi-tasking: The ranking substitution effect

Rankings are intended as incentive tools on labor markets. Yet, when agents perform multiple tasks, rankings might have unintended side-effects, especially if not all tasks can be ranked with respect to performance. We analyze the dynamics of multi-tasking and present an experiment with 286 finance professionals in which we identify hidden ranking costs when performance in one task is ranked while in another prosocial task it is not. We find that subjects lagging behind (leading) in the ranked task devote less (more) effort to the prosocial task. We discuss implications for optimal incentive schemes in organizations with multi-tasking.

Subsidy or not? How much government subsidy can improve performance level of energy-saving service company?

Contract energy management model is a new energy-saving mode based on single market mechanism. Due to its externality, the energy efficiency market cannot realize the optimal allocation of resources. Government energy-saving subsidy can solve the market failure of energy-saving service market and improve the performance level of energy-saving service company. However, due to the unbalanced support fields and single incentive tools in the government incentive policy, the incentive effect of the government subsidy policies for contract energy management projects is not satisfactory. Based on a two-stage dynamic decision-making model, this article analyzes the impact of different forms of government subsidy policies on the performance-level decision-making of energy service company, and draws the following conclusions: (1) The effect of the government's variable subsidy policy with payment conditions is better than the fixed subsidy policy without payment conditions. (2) Government incentive policy for contract energy management needs to be directed against different energy-saving fields. (3) The government should adopt different forms of incentive policies for energy-saving service companies with different energy-saving levels in the same energy-saving field. (4) When the government implements the variable subsidy policy with preset energy-saving target, each within a reasonable range, with the increase of which, the incentive effect on energy-saving service companies with lower energy-saving level decreases. When the subsidy policy has no incentive effect, it is more unfavorable for the energy-saving service companies which are below the average level of the industry.

Evaluating the Socioeconomic Factors on Deforestation in Northern Pakistan: A Study on Existing Economic Incentive Tools for Reducing Deforestation

Deforestation is a common threat to the environment that has a substantial impact on the forest’s distribution across territorial boundaries. It is simply defined as the loss of forest cover, which most commonly occurs as a result of deforestation for various reasons. Pakistan is among those countries which have a very high deforestation rate. This paper analyzes the various socioeconomic factors which cause deforestation in northern Pakistan and the existing economic incentive tools for reducing deforestation. Data collected from 602 respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a logistic regression model, while the Likert scale was used to determine the mean socioeconomic factor score encouraging deforestation and the economic incentives used to reduce deforestation. Gender distributions showed that the majority (65.9%) of the respondents were male while 34.1% were female. On family size, the majority of the respondents (66.8%) had a family size of 5–8. On age, between 21–25 years (46.0%) recorded the highest number. The average age of the respondents was 24 years. Educationally, 13.8% had a master’s education, 11.1% a bachelor’s education, 4.3% no formal education, 5.6% a higher education level, meaning master’s or PhD students, 56.1% had a primary education, and 9.0% had a secondary education. On occupation, the majority (50.4%) of the respondents were involved in farming as their main occupation. On income, the major income recorded a mean of 25,000 net, while the minor income recorded a mean of 15,500 net. Setting the forest ablaze, increasing farming activities, low level of literacy, increasing timber mafia, growing population, and poverty were the socioeconomic factors found. The economic incentives listed were for forest crop subsidies, an enhanced system of taxes on exploited forest products, the acquisition of well-monitored hunting licenses, alternative job opportunities, credit provision, and a limited ban on round log exports. The results of the logit regression established that rewarding socioeconomic factors were statistically significant variables at (p < 0.05). Conclusively, if adequately controlled and applied, economic incentives can be an important instrument for reducing deforestation. Therefore, deforestation activities cannot be entirely eradicated but they can be reduced to the barest minimum by properly enforcing forest policies in terms of efficient forest policing. The goals of this study are to help with the implementation of appropriate policies and decision-making in forest management, as well as to provide a foundation for future scenario analysis of deforestation potential or to investigate potential environmental and human implications.

Equity incentive contract characteristics and company operational performance-An empirical study of Chinese listed companies.

Equity incentive, as an institutional arrangement for the coordination of the interests of shareholders and managers, has been widely implemented by public companies in developed capital markets throughout Europe and America. However, does it work and/or when might it be more effective in emerging market economies such as China? We aimed to understand the effects of equity incentive plans implemented by listed companies in China and the potential influence of the general characteristics of contracts on the effectiveness of equity incentive plans. Based on behavioral decision theory, this paper adopts a multivariate linear regression model to analyze the 1695 equity incentive plans implemented in Chinese listed companies between 2010 and 2018 with their two-year lagged performance data. The empirical results show that the operational performance of companies after implementing equity incentive plans shows a trend of polarization. In the 95% confidence interval, the effect of restrictive stock incentive and exercise-constrained variables is not significant, while the validity period has a significant positive correlation and incentive intensity has a significantly negative correlation with the company's operational performance. Furthermore, the negative effects mentioned above become more obvious with a longer plan implementation period. Based on these conclusions, we suggest that companies could adopt equity incentive plans with a relatively longer validity period and more reasonable incentive intensity. Additionally, it would be better for companies to select non-restricted stocks as incentive tools if there is no obvious preference.

Environmental pollution liability insurance and green innovation of enterprises: Incentive tools or self-interest means?

The existing theoretical research on environmental liability insurance mainly focuses on system construction, development status and other aspects, and mainly consists of normative research, with relatively little empirical research. This paper uses empirical research methods to explore the impact of environmental liability insurance on the green innovation of enterprises and examines the driving role of environmental liability insurance in green innovation from the perspective of green governance. This paper, based on the list of enterprises purchasing environmental pollution liability insurance (EPLI) as published by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, explores the impact of EPLI on the green innovation of enterprises. It is found that purchasing EPLI can significantly improve the green innovation of enterprises. The effect path test shows that EPLI can promote the green innovation of enterprises by relaxing financing constraints and reducing agency costs. The heterogeneity scenario test shows that compared with non-state-owned enterprises, non-heavily polluting enterprises, and enterprises in regions with a lower intensity of environmental regulation, EPLI plays a stronger role in the promotion of green innovation of state-owned enterprises, heavily polluting enterprises and enterprises in regions with a higher intensity of environmental regulation. In addition, it is found that the promotion effect of EPLI on green innovation is mainly reflected in the significant improvement of high-quality green innovation and the optimization of the structure of the green patent output. This paper affirms the positive role of EPLI on the green operations of enterprises and provides empirical evidence that green insurance serves the development of the green innovation of enterprises.

Policies and strategies for the development of artificial intelligence in the countries of the world: quo vadis? (part 1)

The organizational and economic and legal aspects of the development and implementation of policies and strategies for the development of artificial intelligence (AI) in the leading countries of the world have been studied. All major economies (more than 60 countries) have developed national policies (strategies) for the development of AI. The following countries are considered advanced in the implementation of national AI strategies: USA, China, Canada, UK, Japan, UAE, France, Germany, South Korea, India and most countries of the European Union (EU). The structure of AI development strategies, priorities, funding models were considered, the main principles of the development and use of AI technologies, priority directions, goals and objectives of the use of AI were analyzed. The problems associated with the use of AI are highlighted: these are issues of data for processing AI, control over the use of AI, tracking AI decisions and responsibility for their adoption, control over confidentiality, ensuring the protection of personal data. Comparing the Ukrainian concept of AI development with the strategies of developed countries, we can conclude that it will not contribute to the effective development of AI, since investments in AI technologies differ hundreds of times, incentive tools and specific actions for the development of AI are not provided. The Institute of Artificial Intelligence Problems of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine have developed a project of the Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence in Ukraine for 2022–2030. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine needs to take measures to adopt the Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence in Ukraine. It is concluded that there is a process of formation of two large spaces in the field of AI technologies in the international arena: the first unites the OECD countries with the unconditional financial, technological and value-normative dominance of the USA and the EU. The second is formed around China, in whose orbit countries fall, for which cooperation with the West is complicated due to a wide range of international conflicts (including Russia). Countries that are unable to resist the technological hegemony of China and the United States are faced with the dilemma of choosing between two large technological spaces.

Policies and strategies for the development of artificial intelligence in the countries of the world: quo vadis? (part 2)

The organizational and economic and legal aspects of the development and implementation of policies and strategies for the development of artificial intelligence (AI) in the leading countries of the world have been studied. All major economies (more than 60 countries) have developed national policies (strategies) for the development of AI. The following countries are considered advanced in the implementation of national AI strategies: USA, China, Canada, UK, Japan, UAE, France, Germany, South Korea, India and most countries of the European Union (EU). The structure of AI development strategies, priorities, funding models were considered, the main principles of the development and use of AI technologies, priority directions, goals and objectives of the use of AI were analyzed. The problems associated with the use of AI are highlighted: these are issues of data for processing AI, control over the use of AI, tracking AI decisions and responsibility for their adoption, control over confidentiality, ensuring the protection of personal data. Comparing the Ukrainian concept of AI development with the strategies of developed countries, we can conclude that it will not contribute to the effective development of AI, since investments in AI technologies differ hundreds of times, incentive tools and specific actions for the development of AI are not provided. The Institute of Artificial Intelligence Problems of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine have developed a project of the Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence in Ukraine for 2022–2030. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine needs to take measures to adopt the Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence in Ukraine. It is concluded that there is a process of formation of two large spaces in the field of AI technologies in the international arena: the first unites the OECD countries with the unconditional financial, technological and value-normative dominance of the USA and the EU. The second is formed around China, in whose orbit countries fall, for which cooperation with the West is complicated due to a wide range of international conflicts (including Russia). Countries that are unable to resist the technological hegemony of China and the United States are faced with the dilemma of choosing between two large technological spaces.

Environmental taxation impact on the development of Ukrainian mining industry

The article reveals the main directions of influence of environmental taxation of enterprises in the mining industry. Using the correlation matrix, the relationship between resource taxation and financial indicators of their activity, as well as indicators of pollution and financing of protection by companies in the mining sector is determined. A complex of one-factor regression models was built to assess the impact of environmental taxes on the development of the mining industry. It is proposed to implement in Ukraine certain tax stimulating tools that are the most successful in the EU countries, so that environmental taxes stimulate investment and innovation activities in the field of environmental protection. The purpose of the article is to investigate the main areas of positive and negative impact of resource taxation on companies in the mining sector, as well as search for ways to improve environmental taxation, based on the experience of foreign countries. As a result of the conducted research by the methods of regression analysis, the impact of resource taxation on certain indicators of the mining activity in Ukraine was established. The obtained results indicate that the environmental tax is quite limited and has no potential to influence the analyzed indicators, instead, the rent fee has a good impact potential. Thus, the practical significance of the conducted research concerns to the development of recommendations regarding the mechanism of resource taxation the introduction of relevant tax incentive tools in Ukraine. These and many other measures will contribute to environmental taxes stimulating investment and innovation activities in the field of environmental protection. By the way, they are a means and a method for solving the problem of redistribution of funds in the direction of increasing the financing of programs aimed at rational use of nature and preservation of the quality of the natural environment.