Trait Impulsivity Research Articles

The impulsiveness level influences the salivary cortisol response and social stress sensitivity in suicidal patients

IntroductionSuicide attempters (SA) are more vulnerable to social stress and show disturbed cortisol response in stressful conditions compared with psychiatric and healthy controls. Recent data suggest that this dysregulation might be related to impulsivity traits. However, little is known about the emotional consequences of social stress in SA exposed to stress. ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to evaluate the cortisol and emotional responses to social stress in patients with depression with and without suicide attempt, by taking into account impulsivity traits and depression severity. Methods67 adult women (41 SA and 26 affective controls (AC,i.e. without suicide attempt history)) with lifetime history of major depressive episode were included. Patients performed the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), a well-validated social stress task. Patients provided seven saliva samples, to measure the cortisol response, and filled in questionnaires to assess psychological pain, positive and negative mood, and anxiety at different time points (from 10 min before to 120 min after the TSST). Moderated regression models were used including suicide attempt history, depression severity, and impulsivity as independent variables and their interactions. ResultsIn patients with low depression and high impulsivity, salivary cortisol response during the TSST was higher in SA than in AC (p < .001). Psychological pain, negative mood, and anxiety were increased in all patients just after the TSST, followed by a decrease at 120 min. Positive mood recovery was slower in SA, and in patients with high impulsivity and low depression level (p < .001). ConclusionsImpulsivity traits have an important role in suicidal vulnerability in stress conditions. Impulsivity traits might help to differentiate patients at risk of suicide who are highly sensitive to stress when depression level is low. Higher impulsiveness may increase the sensitivity to emotional distress that translates into inadequate physiological responses.

`Association study of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, impulsivity personality traits and moderate alcohol consumption in men

This study focused on inspecting the relationship between impulsivity traits, salivary dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) concentrations, and moderate alcohol consumption in healthy subjects. In previous studies, impulsivity has been related to alcohol consumption and androgens. Limited research has focused on the sulfated form of DHEA-S and alcohol consumption or impulsivity. Moderate alcohol consumption can increase DHEA-S levels. Effects of alcohol, impulsivity and androgens levels may depend on age and gender. The participants were 120 healthy men (Mage = 44.39; SD = 12.88). The results showed positive correlations between DHEA-S and alcohol consumption (r = 0.22; p < .01) and an impulsivity factor (r = 0.22; p < .01) controlling for age. Regression analysis showed a significant relationship between DHEA-S (p < .001), impulsivity factor and AUDIT (p < .05). Analyzing the two extreme impulsivity groups, an association is observed between DHEA-S with AUDIT scores (R2 = 0.12; p < .05) in the high impulsivity group, but not in the low impulsivity one. It is therefore concluded that the effect of moderate alcohol consumption is cumulative and slightly associated with levels of impulsiveness and DHEA-S.

The Effect of State, Trait, and Situational Factors on Young Men's Coercive Condom Use Resistance.

Coercive Condom Use Resistance (CUR) is a significant problem, associated with increases in STIs, unplanned pregnancy, feelings of betrayal, and a loss of sexual autonomy. Furthermore, young men are much more likely to perpetrate coercive CUR than young women. Thus, the present study sought to examine the past experiences, trait characteristics, and state emotions which may precede coercive CUR perpetration intentions, including alcohol intoxication, childhood emotional abuse, trait impulsivity, sexual sensation seeking, state impulsivity, and state anxiety, using an alcohol administration procedure. Young, single, non-problem drinking, and sexually active men who have sex with women from the United States (N = 297; 66% White, 9.4% Black, 10.7% Multi-racial, 5.1% Asian, 1.0% Native American, 1.0% Pacific Islander, and 10.4% Hispanic or Latino) were recruited for participation. They were randomly assigned to either receive alcohol or remain sober before projecting themselves into a hypothetical sexual scenario with a woman who asked to use a condom. Results showed that greater levels of childhood emotional abuse were associated with increased trait impulsivity and sexual sensation seeking, and that sexual sensation seeking was associated with increased state impulsivity and subsequent anxiety during the scenario. Finally, alcohol intoxication moderated the relationship between state anxiety and coercive CUR such that state anxiety was positively associated with coercive CUR among intoxicated men only. Findings suggest that interventions targeting coercive CUR behavior may be improved by focusing on men who have experienced childhood trauma, as well as their alcohol consumption and in-the-moment experiences of impulsivity and anxiety.

Influence of personality on acute smoked cannabis effects on simulated driving.

A recent study of the impact of smoked cannabis on simulated driver behavior demonstrated a reduction in mean speed after smoked cannabis. Previous research identified an association between personality and individual differences and acute drug effects. The present study examined the impact of personality on the reduction in mean speed after smoking cannabis under single- and dual-task driving conditions originally reported by Brands et al. (2019). Sixty-one participants randomly assigned to the active drug condition completed a battery of self-report questionnaires measuring various personality constructs and subsequently operated a driving simulator before and 30 min after smoking a 12.5% Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) cigarette. Linear regression modeling tested the influence of self-reported driving errors, lapses, and violations, driver vengeance, psychological distress, impulsivity, and sensation seeking on the reduction in speed after smoking cannabis. After adjusting for the influence of sex, blood THC concentration, and predrug mean speed, impulsivity was a significant predictor of change in speed under both single- (β = -.45, t = -3.94, p < .001) and dual- (β = -.35, t = -2.74, p = .008) task driving conditions after cannabis. Higher trait impulsivity was significantly associated with greater reductions in driving speed after cannabis use, which may reflect greater sensitivity to drug effects and a stronger compensatory response. Further multidisciplinary study, including neurochemical, genetic, and psychological components, would be beneficial in helping to better understand how impulsivity and other personality or individual differences may impact the effects of cannabis on driver behavior and performance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Inter-relationships between ADHD, ODD and impulsivity dimensions in emerging adults revealed by network analysis: extending the ‘trait impulsivity hypothesis’

BackgroundThe trait-impulsivity hypothesis posits impulsivity as the underlying substrate of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptom expressions. The current study applied network analysis to evaluate the inter-relationships of dimensions within ADHD (inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity) and ODD (anger/irritable, vindictiveness, and argumentative/defiant behavior) with components of impulsivity as captured by the UPPS-P model (negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, sensation seeking, and positive urgency). MethodA total of 324 emerging adults (women = 246) from the general community completed questionnaires covering these dimensions. ResultsOur findings showed that the ADHD and ODD dimensions were associated differentially with different types of impulsivity, in their unique patterns of network connectivities, a possibility that has had little attention in the trait-impulsivity hypothesis literature. ConclusionsThis study is the first to tease out the unique associations of the ADHD and ODD dimensions with different types of impulsivity, and in that way provide new contributions to our understanding of the existing trait impulsivity theory. Our findings would be especially relevant to those interested in understanding how different dimensions of trait impulsivity underly the ADHD and ODD dimensions.

The genetics of self-reported trait impulsivity: Contribution of catecholaminergic gene variants in European ancestry individuals

Increased trait impulsivity is a core element in several mental disorders. Given the durable and consistent nature of trait impulsivity, studies have explored its relation to stable biological measures. Variation in catecholaminergic neurotransmission by genetic variants could be one of these biological substrates.Here, 905 participants of European-ancestry completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale–11 and were genotyped in three single nucleotide polymorphisms related to catecholaminergic neurotransmission: the DRD2/ANKK Taq1A, the C957T DRD2 and the Val158Met of the COMT gene.We found significant main effects of Val158Met and C957T on BIS-11 score. Also, interactions with gender were significant in both SNPs with a tendency to slightly different genotype and allele associations with the BIS-total score between male and female participants. Whereas in females, higher impulsivity scores were obtained by participants with the Val158Met heterozygous genotype (Met/Val), data indicate a trend towards a higher impulsivity score in male Val-allele carriers. In the case of C957T, only a tentative association between male T-allele carriers and higher impulsivity scores in comparison to CC genotype carriers could be established. No significant associations were found between BIS-11 and Taq1A.We provide further evidence for a gender-specific implication of Val158Met and C957T in trait impulsivity.

Distress-driven impulsivity interacts with trait compulsivity in association with problematic drinking: A two-sample study.

ObjectiveProblematic drinking is highly prevalent among the general population, oftentimes leading to significant negative consequences, including physical injury, psychological problems and financial hardship. In order to design targeted early interventions for problematic drinking, it is important to understand the mechanisms that render individuals at risk for and/or maintain this behavior. Two candidate drivers of problematic drinking are distress-driven impulsivity and trait compulsivity, with recent research suggesting these constructs may interact to enhance risk for addictive behaviors. The current study examined whether individual differences in distress-driven impulsivity and trait compulsivity interact in relation to problematic drinking.MethodDistress-driven impulsivity (indexed by the S-UPPS-P negative urgency subscale), trait compulsivity (indexed by the CHIT scale) and problematic drinking (indexed by the BATCAP alcohol scale) were assessed in two independent online samples (Sample 1, n = 117; Sample 2, n = 474). Bootstrapped moderation analysis was conducted to examine whether trait compulsivity moderated the relationship between distress-driven impulsivity and problematic drinking.ResultsIn both samples, there was a significant interaction between distress-driven impulsivity and trait compulsivity in relation to problematic drinking. Follow-up tests revealed that, in both samples, higher distress-driven impulsivity was associated with more problematic drinking behaviors among participants with high trait compulsivity only.ConclusionsThe current findings add to the growing literature supporting an interactive relationship between impulsivity and compulsivity-related traits in relation to addictive behaviors and have implications for informing early detection of risk and targeted early interventions.

Identifying the psychological processes delineating non-harmful from problematic binge-watching: A machine learning analytical approach

As on-demand streaming technology rapidly expanded, binge-watching (i.e., watching multiple episodes of TV series back-to-back) has become a widespread activity, and substantial research has been conducted to explore its potential harmfulness. There is, however, a need for differentiating non-harmful and problematic binge-watching. This is the first study using a machine learning analytical strategy to further investigate the distinct psychological predictors of these two binge-watching patterns. A total of 4275 TV series viewers completed an online survey assessing sociodemographic variables, binge-watching engagement, and relevant predictor variables (i.e., viewing motivations, impulsivity facets, and affect). In one set of analyses, we modeled intensity of non-harmful involvement in binge-watching as the dependent variable, while in a following set of analyses, we modeled intensity of problematic involvement in binge-watching as the dependent variable. Emotional enhancement motivation, followed by enrichment and social motivations, were the most important variables in modeling non-harmful involvement. Coping/escapism motivation, followed by urgency and lack of perseverance (two impulsivity traits), were found as the most important predictors of problematic involvement. These findings indicate that non-harmful involvement is characterized by positive reinforcement triggered by TV series watching, while problematic involvement is linked to negative reinforcement motives and impulsivity traits.

Impulsive trait mediates the relationship between white matter integrity of prefrontal-striatal circuits and the severity of dependence in alcoholism.

BackgroundAlcohol dependence (AD) remains one of the major public health concerns. Impulsivity plays a central role in the transfer from recreational alcohol use to dependence and relapse. White matter dysfunction has been implicated in alcohol addiction behaviors and impulsivity. However, little is known about the role of systematic striatal structural connections underlying the mechanism of impulsive traits in AD.MethodsIn our study, we used seed-based classification by probabilistic tractography with five target masks of striatal circuits to explore the differences in white matter integrity (fractional anisotropy, FA) in AD male patients (N = 51) and healthy controls (N = 27). We mainly explored the correlation between FA of the striatal circuits and impulsive traits (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, BIS-11), and the mediation role of impulsivity in white matter integrity and the severity of alcohol dependence.ResultsCompared with healthy controls, AD showed much lower FA in the left and right striatum–supplementary motor area (SMA) and left striatum–amygdala. We also found the decreased FA of right striatum-vlPFC was correlated with higher impulsivity. Besides, the relationship between reduced FA of right striatum-vlPFC and severity of dependence could be mediated by impulsivity.ConclusionIn our study, we found disrupted white matter integrity in systematic striatal circuits in AD and the decreased FA of right striatum-vlPFC was correlated with higher impulsivity in AD. Our main findings provide evidence for reduced white matter integrity of systematic striatal circuits and the underlying mechanisms of impulsivity in male AD individuals.

Phenotyping suicidal ideation and behavior: Comparing clinical characteristics and future suicide attempts between suicidal subtypes in two clinical samples.

To further validate the concept of suicidal subtypes distinguished by indicators of suicidal thinking and behavior with regard to clinical characteristics and past and future suicide attempts. Psychiatric inpatients were assessed (study 1: ecological momentary assessments in 74 depressed inpatients with suicidal ideation; study 2: clinical assessments in 224 inpatients after a suicide attempt and over a 12-month follow-up period). Subtypes were identified using latent profile analysis (based on indicators of real-time suicide ideation) and latent class analysis (based on features of past suicide ideation and suicide attempt characteristics). Comparisons between subtypes included clinical characteristics (depression, suicidal ideation, trait impulsivity, childhood trauma) as well as past (study 1) and future (study 2) suicide attempts. Suicidal subtypes emerged that are characterized by suicidal ideation means and stability and features of past suicidal behavior (four in study 1, three in study 2). The subtypes differed in terms of depression/suicidal ideation, but not in terms of trait impulsivity/childhood trauma. Although not significant, the subtypes "high-stable" and "low-moderate stable" reported multiple re-attempts more frequently during follow-up than the "low-stable" subtype in study 2. Differences in clinical variables (and by trend in future suicide attempts) clearly point to the clinical relevance of suicidal subtypes (with variability of suicidal thoughts playing a particularly important role).

Examination of drinking motives during the pandemic: mediating effects of drinking motives in the relationship between impulsivity and alcohol use

PurposePrevious research have shown that individuals with high trait impulsivity are at high risk of engaging in problem alcohol use and that drinking motives differentially predicted alcohol use and problems. This study aimed to investigate whether these previously shown associations still existed during the global outbreak of the pandemic, COVID-19, which resulted in a long period of lockdown and raised concerns about the effects of alcohol.Design/methodology/approachThe data was collected from 185 adults between ages of 18 and 35 during the lockdown period (November 20–May 21) through an online survey. Participants completed an impulsivity questionnaire, drinking motives and alcohol use measures.FindingsThe results revealed that enhancement and coping motives mediated the effects of positive and negative urgency, respectively, and lack of premeditation facet of impulsivity was directly linked to alcohol use. These findings are partially in line with the previous studies before the lockdown.Research limitations/implicationsOverall, individuals with particularly high urgency and premeditation maybe at high risk for problem alcohol use and may require tailored support for regulating emotions, particularly during stressful life events such as a global pandemic.Practical implicationsFindings may inform prevention and intervention strategies. Individuals with high trait urgency may benefit from more adaptive coping strategies such as learning specific emotion regulation strategies to minimise engaging in risk behaviours in stressful situations.Originality/valueFindings suggest that traits positive and negative urgency are risk factors for alcohol use through enhancement and coping motives respectively, and these associations are particularly strong during stressful life events.

Too Tired to Think: Within and Between-Person Relations Among Impulsive Traits, Sleep Duration, and Mental Health Outcomes.

Heavier drinking and depression are common mental health concerns in the USA, yet few studies have sought to understand transdiagnostic risk factors for both. Two health-focused risk factors are impulsive personality traits and sleep duration, but research typically separates the two, precluding additive and interactive relations. The current study sought to test a theoretical model where risk conferred from impulsive traits is heightened when individuals have reduced sleep. Public-access data from the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) were used to test study hypotheses. Participants reported on impulsive traits (i.e., lack of premeditation, sensation seeking), sleep duration, depression, and drinking across three waves spanning adolescence, emerging adulthood, and adulthood. Multilevel models distinguished risk processes at the between- vs. within-person level. At the between-person level, sensation seeking predicted drinking whereas premeditation predicted depression. Additionally, within-person deviations in both traits were associated with drinking, whereas within-person deviations in premeditation were associated with depression. Sleep duration was protective against outcomes at both levels. However, main effects were qualified by interactions at both levels, such that having below average sleep duration heightened the effects of premeditation at the between-person level, whereas within-person decreases in sleep heightened the effects of sensation seeking at the within-person level. Findings support a theoretical model where poor sleep exacerbates risk conferred from impulsive traits. Risk conferred from impulsive traits diverged based upon level of analysis, suggesting that global and just-in-time interventions may benefit from targeting specific impulsive traits as well as sleep.

Visual Alcohol Cue-Reactivity and Cognitive Control in Non-Dependent Heavy Alcohol Drinkers Assessed by Simultaneous fNIRS-EEG.

Addictive behavior is characterized by fast automatic responses to drug-related cues (termed cue reactivity) and deficient cognitive control. The ability to detect errors is a prerequisite for an adaptive increase of cognitive control to prevent further errors. In the current study, cue-reactivity effects on cognitive control were assessed via hemodynamic activity within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG), assessing error monitoring (error-related negativity/error negativity, ERN/Ne) and error adaption in subsequent trials (N2). Nondependent social drinkers were the focus in this multimodal approach. Effects of alcohol consumption patterns and the personality trait of impulsivity were assessed in n = 55 social drinkers. Hemodynamic activity within the dlPFC (cognitive control), error monitoring (ERN/Ne), post-error conflict monitoring (N2), error rates, and post-error slowing (PES) were measured during a modified Eriksen flanker task cued by beverage pictures. ERN/Ne amplitudes were reduced during alcohol-cued trials. Post-error adaption was reflected in increased dlPFC activity after errors, whereas N2 amplitudes were reduced. There was a correlation of impulsivity and alcohol-cued ERN/Ne amplitude that was mediated by alcohol consumption pattern. Impulsivity-related decreases in error monitoring during cue reactivity were mediated by alcohol consumption pattern. However, cognitive control was not affected by cue reactivity, suggesting more complex interactions than previously assumed.

The modulation of mRNA levels of MAOA by electroacupuncture and psychotherapy in patients with pathological internet use.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to observe the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) and psychotherapy (PT) effect on the mental status, sleep quality and impulsive trait in patients with pathological internet use, and to observe the changes of Monoamine oxidase type A (MAOA) messenger Ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels in each group.MethodsA total of 60 PIU patients were included for the present study. These patients were randomly divided into two groups: EA group and PT group. Baihui, Sishencong, Hegu, Neiguan, Shenmen, Taichong, Sanyinjiao and Xuanzhong were selected for acupuncture in the EA group, while group psychotherapy combined with individual psychotherapy was used for intervention in patients in the PT group. Young’s Internet addiction Test (IAT), Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Barratt Impulse Scale (BIS-11) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to observe the severity of Internet addiction, mental status, sleep quality and impulsive trait of all patients at baseline and 40th days of treatment; and MAOA mRNA data were collected at baseline and 40th days of treatment.ResultsElectroacupuncture and psychological intervention effectively reduced IAT, SAS, SDS, Y-BOCS, BIS and PSQI scores of PIU patients. After 40 days treatment, the MAOA expression of the PT group was increased, and there was no significant change in EA group. The correlation analysis indicated that IAT scores were positively correlated with SAS, SDS, Y-BOCS, BIS and PSQI at baseline. In addition, after treatment the EA group showed that the change in IAT scores was positively correlated with the change in Y-BOCS and BIS scores, and the PT group showed that the change in IAT scores was positively correlated with the change in SDS, BIS and PSQI scores.ConclusionThe present study showed that electroacupuncture and psychological intervention can improve severity of Internet addiction, mental status, sleep quality and impulsive trait of PIU patients. Simultaneously, neurobiological changes may be the underlying mechanisms of psychotherapy for internet additcion.

Impulsivity is longitudinally associated with healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns in individuals with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome within the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus trial

BackgroundFew studies have analyzed the associations between impulsivity and dietary patterns. Some of them have shown a cross-sectional inverse relationship between impulsivity and healthy diet scores, whereas others reported a positive association with unhealthy dietary assessments. We aimed to examine longitudinal associations of impulsivity trait with adherence to healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns in older participants at high risk of cardiovascular disease over 3 years of follow-up.MethodsA 3-year prospective cohort analysis within the PREDIMED-Plus-Cognition study conducted in 4 PREDIMED-Plus study centers was performed. The PREDIMED-Plus study aimed to test the beneficial effect of a lifestyle intervention on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The participants with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome included in the present study (n = 462; mean age of 65.3 years; 51.5% female) completed both the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale (range: 0–236 points) and the 143-item Food Frequency Questionnaire at baseline, 1-year and 3-years of follow-up. Ten diet scores assessing healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns were evaluated. Linear mixed models were performed adjusting by several confounders to study the longitudinal associations between impulsivity trait and adherence to dietary pattern scores over 3 years of follow-up (also assessing interactions by sex, age, and intervention group).ResultsImpulsivity were negatively associated with adherence to the Healthy Plant-Based [β = -0.92 (95%CI -1.67, -0.16)], Mediterranean [β = -0.43 (95%CI -0.79, -0.07)], Energy-Restricted Mediterranean [β = -0.76 (95%CI -1.16, -0.37)], Alternative Healthy Eating Index [β = -0.88 (95%CI -1.52, -0.23)], Portfolio [β = -0.57 (95%CI -0.91, -0.22)], and DASH [β = -0.50 (95%CI -0.79, -0.22)] diet scores over 3 years of follow-up, whereas impulsivity was positively related with adherence to the unhealthy Western diet [β = 1.59 (95%CI 0.59, 2.58)] over time. An interaction by intervention group was found, with those participants in the intervention group with high impulsivity levels having lower adherence to several healthy dietary patterns.ConclusionsHeightened impulsivity was longitudinally associated with lower adherence to healthy dietary patterns and higher adherence to the Western diet over 3 years of follow-up. Furthermore, nutritional intervention programs should consider impulsivity as a relevant factor for the intervention success.Trial registrationName of registry: Effect of an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet, physical activity and behavioral intervention on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Trial registration number: ISRCTN 89,898,870. Date of registration: 05/28/2014.

Influence of Alcohol Consumption, Personality and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder on Traffic Offenders.

Despite the authorities' efforts to promote responsible driving, traffic accidents are a notable cause of death in many countries. Scientific research shows that variables such as alcohol abuse and personality dimensions can contribute to explaining this social phenomenon and the rising number of traffic offences. The present study aims to explore how alcohol abuse, personality disorders and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are associated with risky driving behaviour. The sample included 300 subjects: the study group (199 convicted of traffic offences) and the control group (101 subjects from the general driving population). The tools used were the International Personality Disorder Scale, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). A higher incidence of signs of paranoid, antisocial, impulsive, borderline and anxious personality traits was detected for the study group, as well as a higher prevalence of alcohol abuse. This research offers indications for the design of effective preventive and reinsertion interventions. It also highlights the importance of considering psychological dimensions to ensure road safety.

Impulsivity may be a risk factor in the transition from recreational to problem gaming

Several factors of trait impulsivity were analysed to determine which may contribute towards potentially disordered gaming, as measured by the DSM-5 and ICD-11 criteria. Three-hundred and seventy-two adults, sourced from a convenient sample (prolific.co) and a targeted gaming forum sample (Reddit and Facebook), completed an online survey hosted at Qualtrics.com. Three-hundred and twenty-eight participants continued onto a Go/No-Go reaction time task hosted at Pavlovia.org to measure inhibitory control. Demographic information was collected alongside impulsivity measures (BIS-11, UPPS-P, and 27-MCQ) and dichotomous DSM-5 and ICD-11 gaming disorder symptoms. Impulsivity was found to relate to gaming at both an recreational and potentially disordered level, however negative and positive urgency and delay discounting appear to be associated with the highest symptom counts and may be potential factors in the transition between recreational and disordered gaming.

Crime thrillers Binge-Watching Behaviour: Association with Personality traits and Impulsivity

Background Due to negative consequences associated with binge _watching involving crime thrillers it has become a topic of scientific debate. It has been mediated by biopsychological parameters under the impact of cognitive and affective aspects. AimTo determine the role of Personality traits and Impulsivity in individuals with Crime thrillers Binge-Watching Behaviour. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe present cross sectional study has been done through online digital media. The study recruited 160 individuals with administration of information questionnaires to get their demographic details, pattern of crime thrillers series watching, behavioral traits and behavioral impulsivity. ResultsCrime thrillers binge-watching was reported by 80 participants (50%) with female predominance (52.9%) and a mean age of 25.2(S.D.2.4) years. Crime thrillers binge watching was found to have 6.31 as the mean maximum number of episodes in a single sitting.However,no significant differences were present with regard to demographic profile of crime thrillers binge watchers as compared to crime thrillers non-binge-watchers (p value &gt;.05).Individuals with crime thrillers binge watching were having higher score involving neuroticism and lower score involving openness and agreeableness in comparison to non binge watching of crime thrillers with statistical significance (p value &lt;.05). Impulsivity (BIS-15), mean (SD) score was found to be higher 30.33(4) in crime thrillers binge_ watching as compared to non _binge watchers. Loss of self Control subscale score was found to be higher in female gender 29.5( mean score) as compared to male gender indicating negative consequences in female gender with more severe loss of control. ConclusionThe study found Impulsivity and personality traits seem to be important pathways for crime thrillers binge watching, neuroticism is higher in binge watching while conscientiousness seems protective factor.

Examining Risk Factors in the Cannabis-Suicide Link: Considering Trauma and Impulsivity among University Students.

Cannabis is a commonly used substance among university students that may have several negative health repercussions, including suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA). The factors that contribute to or help explain this relation remain uncertain. Earlier negative experiences, especially trauma encountered during early life, have been associated with the development of psychopathology upon later stressor encounters. In the current study, we examined the associations between SI and SA with problematic cannabis use among young adults and the role of earlier trauma experiences and trait impulsiveness in understanding this link. Among university students (N = 539), problematic cannabis use was moderately related to lifetime and past-12-months suicidal ideation and attempts. Impulsiveness mediated the relationship between problematic cannabis use and lifetime SI and SA. Moreover, previous life trauma moderated the relationship between problematic cannabis use and SA, such that the association between problematic cannabis use and SA was stronger among those who experienced high levels of trauma. These findings highlight behavioral and environmental factors that could predict suicide ideation and attempts among young cannabis users. Accordingly, trait impulsiveness and early trauma experiences should be considered, alongside problematic cannabis use, in suicide-risk detection and prevention strategies among young adults.

Impulsiveness indirectly affects suicidal ideation through depression and simultaneously moderates the indirect effect: A moderated mediation path model.

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the indirect effect of impulsiveness on suicidal ideation through depression and the moderating effect of impulsiveness on the indirect effect in an integrated path model.MethodsSelf-rating depression scale (SDS), Barratt impulsiveness scale-11th version (BIS-11), and self-rating idea of suicide scale (SIOSS) were applied. A moderated mediation path model was established including impulsiveness, depression, and suicidal ideation as observed variables.ResultsThe main results revealed that the moderated mediation path model fit well in describing the relationships among impulsiveness, depression, and suicidal ideation. The indirect effect of impulsiveness mediated by depression and the moderating effect of impulsiveness on suicidal ideation was significant. Multiple comparisons showed that the indirect effects under different conditions of impulsiveness had statistical differences. The higher the impulsiveness was, the stronger the predictive effect of depression on suicidal ideation was.ConclusionsThe present study confirms that people who have impulsive traits are riskier to generate suicidal thoughts because they are more likely to suffer from depression and that people who are depressive have even higher risk to develop suicidal thoughts when they simultaneously have impulsive traits. In clinical and health care work, when considering depression to prevent suicidal ideation, impulsiveness needs to be monitored throughout the process of premorbid and onset stages of depression.