Important Moment Research Articles

Why Prospective Bereavement Counseling Is Crucial for Peace-Finding After Loss.

Bereavement counseling is often offered as a referral following an adverse event or after identification of lingering grief. This article proposes the value of prospective bereavement counseling when a person can reasonably anticipate loss to support anticipatory grief and facilitate supportive continuous care planning for patients experiencing loss. This article positions bereavement counseling as care aimed at finding peace by offering a framework of dimensions of peace, opportunities to foster peace in clinically important moments, and guiding questions to facilitate this clinical outcome in health care settings.

Technology and Household Harmony: A Fiqhiyah Study on the Use of Mobile Phones in Marriage

This article examines the relationship between mobile phone use, household harmony, and fiqh perspectives. In this article, we will briefly explain the main points related to the use of mobile phones in marriage and how fiqh can be used as a framework to analyze this issue. This article discusses the use of mobile phones in marriage and its relationship with domestic harmony from a fiqh perspective. Highlighting concerns about the negative impact of mobile phone use on household harmony, the article also explains that responsible cell phone use can provide benefits in facilitating communication, strengthening the marriage bond, and accessing information that is beneficial to the relationship. However, excessive or inappropriate cell phone use can lead to harassment, partner abandonment, and the risk of infidelity. Therefore, this article also provides guidelines for responsible cell phone use in marriage, including setting boundaries, avoiding distractions at important moments together, and seeking professional help if needed. Further research on the impact of fiqh on mobile phone use in interpersonal relationships is also recommended.

HISTORY AND CONSTITUTIONALISM OF THE GRAND DUCHY OF LUXEMBOURG: BRIEF NOTES - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2024v85p223

The text provides a brief and general approach to the formation history of Luxembourg, emphasizing the constitutional landscape of the country, presented in three sections. The first one highlights the historical and formal events that lead to modern Luxembourg. In the second, the more important constitutional moments in the XIX century are exposed, with commentaries regarding the Constitutions of 1841, 1848, 1856, and 1868. In the third, the political and constitutional reforms of the XX century, considering the I and II World Wars, are commented upon, with the intention to expose some of the main characteristics of the Grand-Duché, such as its openness to the international sphere, constitutional actions for the integration of Europe, and the main normative diploma that shows the compromise with Human and Fundamental rights, considering specific dynamics of the relations of the powers of the state.

The Impact of Political Interference on the Judiciary: India Vs. Pakistan

This paper investigates the significant effects of political interference on the judiciary in India and Pakistan, two countries with a common colonial history but differing paths since gaining independence. The judiciary serves as a fundamental pillar of democratic governance, designed to function independently while protecting the rule of law and upholding constitutional rights. Nevertheless, in both nations, political influences have notably affected judicial operations, compromised judicial independence and eroding public confidence. Through a comparative examination, this study highlights important historical moments, landmark rulings, and constitutional frameworks that demonstrate the degree and nature of political interference within both judicial systems. In India, such interference has emerged through executive control over judicial appointments and crises, notably during the Emergency period from 1975 to 1977. In contrast, Pakistan's judiciary has experienced direct meddling from military governments and political authorities, frequently rationalized by the contentious Doctrine of Necessity. Additionally, the paper investigates how the judiciary has responded to these interferences, including instances of judicial activism and civil society initiatives that promote judicial independence, such as the Lawyers' Movement in Pakistan. Ultimately, this research emphasizes the urgent need for strong protections to ensure judicial independence, bolster public trust in the judiciary, and maintain democratic principles in both countries. By highlighting the comparative experiences of India and Pakistan, this study aims to enrich the broader discussion on judicial independence in South Asia.

The Problem of Typology of States and Legal Systems

The essence of the historical types of the state and law is one of the most important and crucial historical moments, without which it is not possible to correctly understand the development of their essence, their socio-political content and significance, their form, activity, or the change of their place and role in the political system of society.

Analysis Of Political Communication Ahead Of The 2024 Presidential Election Case Studies On Political Campaigns, Political Propaganda, Public Opinion, Marketing, Political Advertising, And Political Negotiation

The 2024 presidential election is an important moment in the political life of a country. This study aims to analyze the role of various aspects of political communsication in the presidential election, including political campaigns, political propaganda, public opinion, political marketing and advertising, and political negotiations. The research methodology uses a holistic approach with quantitative and qualitative data collection through online surveys, interviews, and media content analysis. Key findings highlight the significance of social media in shaping public opinion and the political communication strategies used by candidates. Practical implications of these findings include recommendations for more effective political campaign strategies and the development of more transparent communication policies.

A Tale of Two Divestments: South Africa, Sudan, and Howard University

Abstract The anti-apartheid movement and Save Darfur campaign were important moments of African American activism towards Africa. Howard University played a central role by divesting from both South Africa and Sudan. This article examines each divestment within Howard University’s history of engagement with Africa. While each divestment was linked by a concern to support oppressed African peoples, the roles of race and racism operated differently in each action. Such an analytic provides space to reconsider the role of US higher education in African-facing human rights activism during the age of Black Lives Matter.

OVERVIEW OF THE USE OF CONVENCIONAL AND BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS

This article aims to provide an overview of important moments in the consolidation of the use of conventional and biodegradable polymers throughout history. It begins by discussing the definition of conventional and biodegradable plastics, followed by a historical contextualization of petroleum-derived plastics, referred to here as conventional plastics, highlighting significant events in their evolution. The article then emphasizes the development and growth of biodegradable polymer applications. To this end, a literature review was conducted, supported by data collection from publications discussing polymer technologies. The studies highlight the environmental advantages of biodegradable polymers, despite their still higher production costs. Although biodegradable polymers are a viable alternative to petroleum-derived polymers, there are cases in which their use is not yet feasible, depending on the context of application, economic conditions, and consumer experience.

A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA NAS SÉRIES INICIAIS

We live in a very important moment in the country, where the demand for education has expanded, being driven by the growth of technology and deepening of knowledge. This direction leads society and institutions to develop as well, at the same time that it requires education itself to seek new teachings and new practices, so that its studies and projects are always up to date. This need has been observed in the classroom, in the daily practice of teaching and learning, especially with regard to mathematics, since this is a primary subject for citizens. Its priority requires from the teacher and the student themselves better possibilities to work in the classroom and achieve better results in teaching and learning for teachers and students. Under this understanding, this text seeks to present some considerations on the topic.

Potential of media resources in popularizing volunteer activities

The article is devoted to the potential of mass media in popularization of volunteering among students. Development of media technologies inevitably influences the process of socialization. Digital media resources have a strong influence on the formation of behavior patterns, norms and rules, and therefore their capabilities can be used to develop a prosocial orientation in the behavior of young people. Promotion of volunteer activities involves an appropriate choice of channels and methods of presenting information in the mass media, taking into account the characteristics of the audience. Effective constructs in this process can be strategies that involve the possibility of influencing decision-making at the subconscious level, including on the basis of priming, framing, imprinting by focusing the audience's attention on strategically important moments and situations. The combination of social, cognitive and information technologies makes it possible to include manipulative techniques in the communicative and information space that contribute to the formation of an attractive image of volunteering and motivation of corresponding behavioral attitudes.

A stable model order reduction scheme for an acoustic finite element model with perfectly matched layers

Perfectly matched layers (PMLs) are often used in an exterior acoustic finite element model to simulate the Sommerfeld radiation condition. However, the time-domain model is often too large to efficiently handle the transient simulation due to the frequency-dependent stretching function and the number of elements needed per wavelength. Krylov subspace-based model order reduction can alleviate this problem by only matching the important moments of the original model. However, stability-preservation is not guaranteed, which is the key to perform time-domain simulation. This work proposes a stability-preserving model order reduction scheme for the time-domain PMLs. By assessing the stability conditions of time-domain PMLs, a two-step strategy is applied. Firstly, a one-sided split basis is used to preserve the form of Lyapunov function of the original model such that a stable intermediate reduced order model (ROM) results. Secondly, an unsplit basis is applied on the modal transformation of this intermediate ROM to reduce the size further. The proposed method is verified by numerical simulations.

COVID-19 and the Limits of Critical Security Theory: Securitization, Cosmopolitanism, and Pandemic Politics

Abstract Recent years have witnessed a growing and important series of efforts to make sense of the post-2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic through diverse lenses within the field of critical security studies (css). In this article, we set out to reverse this analytical gaze, asking not “what can css tell us about COVID-19?” but rather, “what can COVID-19 tell us about css?” In order to do this, we pair two important moments in the UK pandemic response with two prominent, yet very different, strands of critical security research: (i) “covid-secure spaces” with securitization theory and (ii) “self-isolation” imperatives with security cosmopolitanism. COVID-secure spaces, we argue, pose a significant challenge to securitization theory’s framing of security’s spaces and times. Self-isolation practices, meanwhile, raise profound ethical questions for the universalizing aspirations of security cosmopolitanism. By analyzing a ubiquitous, if heterogeneous, security challenge to everyday lived experiences within as well as beyond the Global North, the article develops a novel theoretical contribution to recent work rendering visible the Eurocentric foundations and limitations of critical security theory.

Overlap of Ethics and Sustainability for Responsibility Mindset: Insights for an Educational Approach Change in Ethics of Engineering

The mandate of universities and higher education institutes is to shape students' ethical wisdom and catalyze sustainable development. However, everyone does not have equal access to higher education which drives the above mindsets, leading to unequal quality of education. Today, most ethics teaching in engineering schools is narrowly micro-ethics and does not attempt to define macro-ethics’ special challenges. Micro-ethics concentrates on concerns related to the individual and the innermost workings of the profession. However, macro-ethics encompasses sustainable development with a focus on the collective social responsibility of the profession and public concerns about technology. This study examined undergraduate engineering programs in 25 major Canadian universities to see if they are adequately prepared to navigate both the micro and macro aspects of ethics education. The curricula of the programs show many courses focusing on micro-ethical concepts. The lack of explicit macro-ethical agendas for advancing society invites further work on curricula to enhance the efficacy of the content and delivery modes. This inadequate commitment to socially responsible engineering is conceptualized as a “culture of disengagement”. The study introduces important moments of change to strengthen ethics education. These include twinning engineering and computing ethics; embedding overlapped ethics, sustainability, and responsibility mindsets; and promoting the scholarship of integration through research, synthesis, practice, and teaching. By adopting these approaches to curriculum and pedagogy, the students will effectively cultivate a critical understanding of and obligation to the profession’s collective responsibility and the well-being of the greater society. These changes provide crucial insights into broadening sociotechnical-minded prospects of engineering ethics education.

Predictors of Verbal Fluency Decline in People with Cognitive Dysfunctions

Background: Verbal fluency impairment is a prospective risk for dementia and conversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to dementia. In elderly may be related to the deficits in other cognitive domains and also with age and duration of cognitive decline. The AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of Verbal Fluency Tests (VFT) in people with cognitive decline in relation to age, duration of the cognitive decline and the level of cognitive dysfunction. Methods: 279 (177 females and 102 males) people with cognitive decline (MCI and dementia), aged 50-91 years were included in the study. For the evaluation of general cognitive abilities Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and for assessment of verbal fluency– Verbal Fluency Test (phonological and categorical) was applied. Statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric tests. Factor analysis of the main components of Verbal Fluency Test and MMSE were used and one-way ANOVA test in the prediction analysis was applied. Results: All dimensions of verbal fluency subscales and MMSE are explained by one factor, which indicate their similar etiological mechanism. The longer duration of the cognitive impairment the worse results in VFT and MMSE. Worse results of MMSE were associated with worse performance on VFT, the most important critical moment of deterioration was associated with scores in the range of 25-23 and 17-18 MMSE points, however there are some differences between verbal fluency categories. The most significant periods of duration of the disease for VFT performance were months 6 and 9, and for the category of categorical fluency months 6,9, as well as 26, 31-32 and 36. No significant associations between the age and VFT and MMSE results were observed. Conclusions: Verbal fluency decline is related to global cognitive functioning. Longer duration time of the disease was associated with the level of verbal fluency and cognitive decline, while the age of patients is not an important factor. The verbal fluency deterioration occurs in leaps and bounds, the critical moments for verbal fluency decline may be established based on the duration of the illness and global functioning measured by MMSE.

«Я никогда не думал, откуда берутся деньги»: Обзор школы-конференции «Прикладная антропология сегодня» (Нижний Новгород, 28 апреля — 4 мая 2023 года)

Conference reviews are usually dull: they are easy to write but tedious to read, and what was lively and dynamic in person often becomes less engaging in text. In the review below, we’ve tried to bring the event to life with videos and photos, capturing what was essentially a showcase of applied anthropological research being conducted in Russia in the 2020s. We will include links to studies and Telegram channels that, perhaps even more effectively than academic articles, demonstrate how applied sciences are evolving — from folklore studies and museum design to anthropology and sociology. During the event, the authors of these Telegram channels actively covered the proceedings, helping us capture the most important moments included in this review. We would like to extend our gratitude to Mikhail Alekseevsky, Dmitry Rogozin, and Oleg Bazaleev.

EMPOWERMENT PUBLIC BASED NATIONALITY DALAM KEGIATAN MEMERIAHKAN PERAYAAN HUT KE-79 RI DI KELURAHAN BULAKAN

The 79th anniversary of the Republic of Indonesia is an important event that marks the journey of the Indonesian nation for almost eight decades since independence. On this anniversary, various activities are carried out throughout Indonesia, ranging from flag ceremonies to traditional competitions involving people from all walks of life. Flag ceremonies held at national, provincial and local levels are the centerpiece of the celebration, as a symbol of respect for the heroes who have fought for independence. In addition, activities such as fun walks, carnivals, and traditional competitions also strengthen the sense of togetherness, nationalism, and mutual cooperation in the community. Overall, the 79th Indonesian Independence Day commemoration is not only a symbolic celebration of independence, but also a means to strengthen national identity, foster love for the country, and strengthen togetherness among Indonesian people. It is an important moment to reflect on the nation's journey, celebrate achievements, and renew commitment to face future challenges with a spirit of unity and cooperation.

On Meter and the Social Dynamics of Cueing in Bill Monroe’s “Muleskinner Blues”

“Muleskinner Blues,” the signature song of bluegrass patriarch Bill Monroe, is at once central to the bluegrass canon and yet metrically enigmatic, featuring a flexible timing structure that fluctuated wildly between performances. This article engages in a longitudinal study of 165 performances of “Muleskinner Blues” across Bill Monroe’s career to explore how the musicians that rotated through his band, the Blue Grass Boys, cognitively grappled with the song’s flexible structure. Through a series of analytical vignettes, I will detail the distributed cognitive system that drives performances of “Muleskinner Blues,” giving special attention to musical cues as tools for calling collective attention to structurally important moments of action. Additionally, I show how the song’s flexible meter was weaponized by Monroe in acts of musical hazing, antagonizing his musicians in the high-stakes environment of a live performance. Through these analyses, I show how the song’s peculiar meter centered Monroe musically, structurally, and socially, transforming “Muleskinner Blues” into a potent vehicle for the masculine ideology of the father of bluegrass music.

A hegységképződéstől a karsztokig. Beszélgetés Veress Mártonnal [Interjú] = From Mountain Formation to Karsts: Conversation with Márton Veress [Interview

Márton Veress was born on February 7, 1946 in Szombathely, Hungary. He graduated from the József Attila University as a teacher of Biology and Geography. He became the doctor of Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 2004. He has been active in karst research since the mid-1970s, where his main research area was karst morphology, including the study of covered karsts and karren. He received various awards and prizes, including the Knight’s Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary in 2009, and the title of Professor Emeritus in 2016. The semi-structured interview was conducted in February 2023 at the ELTE Savaria University Centre. The purpose of this conversation is to gain a better understanding of the important moments in the professor’s life, and of the milieu that played a role in shaping his professional career. The interview also aims to present the virtues, challenges and tasks of Hungarian geography through the experiences of this article.

We, the receptors: Planning and the politicization of local opposition to fracking in Britain

The British government used to herald shale gas as a bridge fuel to a zero-carbon economy, trying (and ultimately, failing) to incorporate this hydrocarbon into a punctuated energy transition that is still under way in the country. On the one hand, planning translated central political decisions into local priorities, but on the other hand, it politicized public opposition to fracking. Although, there have been considerable criticisms of the planning process for fracking in Great Britain, we still lack a grounded understanding of how planning influenced the wider dynamics of public engagement with shale gas development. Drawing on ethnographic and participatory research across three locations in northern England, I explore how the planning process was experienced by the public and how its local participants were impacted by it. The ways in which planning dealt with evidence, public perception and democratic legitimacy suggested that planning was reinforcing the governmental pro-fracking policies while simultaneously undermining its own legitimacy, as questions about validity, impartiality and democracy were being raised. Rather than merely a technocratic arena for adjudicating between private and public interests, planning had a transformative effect on local participants and served as an important moment for mobilizing more politicized forms of public opposition against fracking, which undermined the energy-transition narratives touted by the government. I use anthropological theorizations of ritual to explain the concrete local dynamics that led to this unintended effect. This case study suggests that centrally orchestrated energy transitions may fail when they are enacted through local processes that foster experiences of injustice and lack of local control among the opposing publics.

Alexandre Koyré and the Collège de France

ABSTRACT This article discusses an important moment in the career of Alexandre Koyré, and the history of philosophy in France. It looks at the 1951 election of a successor to Étienne Gilson at the Collège de France, for which Koyré was one of the possible candidates, alongside Henri Gouhier and Martial Gueroult. Koyré came close, but Gueroult was elected to the chair. In time, Gueroult was succeeded first by Jean Hyppolite and then, in 1970, by Michel Foucault. Using archival documents to discuss the process in detail, this article shows the weakness of Koyré’s proposers, and the strength of Gouhier’s application. Finally, drawing on Koyré’s outline of his proposed teaching programme, it discusses how success might have shaped his future career, using this as an indication of his position within and beyond a French tradition in the philosophy and history of the sciences.