Importance Of Capital Research Articles

ВПЛИВ ПАНДЕМІЇ COVID-19 НА ЗМІНУ БІЗНЕС-МОДЕЛЕЙ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА: ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

Different approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "business model" are considered. Based on them, the essence of this concept is characterized, namely: the business model is a system that combines many elements that in their relationship determine the necessary directions of the firm, which creates value, financial results and consolidates positions on the market. An example of the formation of such a system based on the Busines Model Canvas by Osterwalder was considered in order to highlight key elements. The main elements are analyzed: Key Partners, Key Activities, Key Resources, Value Propositions, Customer relationships, Channels, Customer Segments, Cost Structure and Revenue Streams. It is determined that a business model of the enterprise is a reflection of the internal environment of the enterprise, but at the same time is strongly influenced by environmental factors. The consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic in terms of business in European countries are considered. According to results of the study, it was determined that the greatest impact of the pandemic was reflected on the income of enterprises. Based on the selected key elements of the business model of the enterprise, the impact of the pandemic on each element is analyzed. The main consequences are: the risk of losing partners, reducing the relevance of certain activities, the inexpediency of focusing only on tangible assets, changes in value propositions, loss of customer loyalty, reducing the efficiency of old sales channels and so on. Accordingly, the main trends in business models of enterprises are identified: reorientation of activities, sales channels, customer relationships online, emphasis on the importance of human capital, the introduction of elements of risk management. Thus, the Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the success of enterprises, even in highly developed countries. In an environment of unpredictability, business leaders should pay an attention for creating and improving business models to ensure their sustainability and efficiency.

The role and importance of social capital in rural development

A fundamentally new characteristic of the policy in relation to the development of rural areas is the achievement of a high standard of living of the rural population due to non-material factors of development, namely, the quality of the social environment and the state of the environment. In the new model of rural development, the main element is social capital and the level of development of rural social networks based on Internet technologies. Digitalization contributes to the active involvement of the rural population of Russia in network social interaction. Social networks are more important for rural residents than for urban residents, since they neutralize the territorial disunity of villages and provide access to information. They become a structural component of social capital, a condition and factor of its formation and reproduction. However, the level of digitalization in rural areas remains insufficient and is significantly inferior to urban areas. The development and improvement of social capital contributes to the use of hidden intangible resources, the disclosure of the potential of rural areas, the growth of its competitiveness, the formation of economic and social ties.

The importance of human capital for the development of arms industry

The article examines foreign and domestic approaches to assessing human capital, since nowadays human capital acquires a decisive role in achieving competitive advantages of high-tech and science-intensive industries of the military-industrial complex.

Relationship between social capital and the experience of dental carie: systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Objective Understanding the individual and collective behavior of individuals about their oral health conditions is important to prevent and control of dental caries. This study aimed to seek evidence of the relationship between social capital and caries experience. Methods Using a systematic review with meta-analysis, we searched articles in PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, LILACS, IBECS, BBO, SCIELO, The Cochrane Library and MEDLINE databases. Studies with humans, of all ages and languages, published until July 2019, which related social capital to the caries experience, were included in this review. Results We identified 1163 articles evaluated considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, leaving 5 articles selected to compose the study sample, and only 3 included in the meta-analysis. In the final analysis p value was significant (p <0.001), showing that both social cohesion and neighborhood empowerment are associated with the caries experience. In the random model, the individual has 2.39 chances of not having the caries disease. The results reinforce the importance of community social capital in the caries experience of individuals. Conclusions The high level of community social capital is directly related to lower caries experience rates.

Social capital of managers and firm operational performance of SMEs in Ho Chi Minh City

Operational efficiency, a dominant concern for businesses, is always an issue for the researchers to find the solutions for helping the businesses enhance their corporate performance. In previous studies on the performance of enterprises in general and small and medium-sized enterprises in particular, most of the studies focused on financial factors, but did not pay much attention to nonfinancial factors. Operational efficiency depends on financial and non-financial factors, of which, non-financial factors are diverse (human capital, social capital, psychological capital, non-financial risk, management efficiency, etc.). theory, applied science, etc). Social capital is a new area of research in Vietnam, which is closely related to the economic field. In Vietnam, interdisciplinary theoretical applied research is a new research trend (economic theory combined with social theory), which this study follows. The study applies the social capital theory ``The strength of weak ties'' of Granovetter, theory ``The network Structure: of Burt and ``A Network theory of social capital'' of Lin to examine the influence of social capital on firm performance. The research model comprises 5 factions of independent variables representing social capital (Relational (REH), Cognitive (CSC), Social Interaction Ties (SIT), Trust (TRU) and Structural (SSC) and a group of dependent variables (Firn Operational Performance). Structural Equation Modeling was used to analyze data collected from a survey of 378 SME managers in Ho Chi Minh City based on a convenient method. The analysis results demonstrate that all aspects of social capital have positive effects on business operational performance, of which Structural Social Capital (SSC) and trust (TRU) are the two most influential groups. The research results help business administrators better understand social capital's importance, thereby improving business performance through maintaining and developing managers' social capital.

Lattice structures under uniaxial impact loads: An experimental study

Innovative additive manufacturing processes open new design opportunities, in the field of periodic cellular shock absorbers. In this work, an experimental campaign on lattice samples has been developed and carried out for intermediate velocities. The geometries of the lattice samples used in the experimental tests are the result of a sensitivity analysis conducted in a previous work. As a complement to the results provided by the numerical model used in the sensitivity analysis, the experimental tests highlighted an aspect of capital importance: the geometry maximizing energy absorption is highly dependent on the applied strain. Furthermore, local buckling effects, induced primarily at the sample’s surfaces in contact with the support of the testing machine, induce a stiffness decrease for specific geometries, thus reducing the absorbed energy. This study emphasises the importance of geometry selection, to tailor specific mechanical responses.

Simplified micro-modelling of masonry cross vaults: stereotomy and interface issues

The importance and the relevance of masonry cross vaults is evident in churches, palaces and cloisters of almost all European countries. However, despite their relevance and long-lasting history, which prove an accurate design with respect to gravitational loads, their seismic behaviour is still poorly understood. In this regard, the present work deals with the finite element micro-modelling analysis of masonry cross vaults subjected to horizontal loads. Assuming the blocks rigid-infinitely resistant, the interface represents the only source of physical nonlinearities. Consequently, block interlocking assumes a capital importance, here discussed in the light of the ancient rules of thumb. From the computational point of view, the mechanical properties of the interface are assessed by means of a sensitivity analysis. Comparisons between numerical and experimental results available in literature are presented in terms of ultimate strength capacity and failure mechanisms.

Zooplankton Dynamics of the Kienke Estuary (Kribi, South Region of Cameroon): Importance of Physico-Chemical Parameters

All Cameroonian estuarine systems, like the Kienke estuarine system (urban area of the port city of Kribi), are considered, as everywhere in the world, as unstable and vulnerable coastal ecosystems insofar as they are influenced by anthropogenic activities (port facilities, industrial facilities), without forgetting climate change. The present work was initiated in order to assess the influence of the seasonal evolution of physico-chemical parameters on the dynamics of zooplankton in the estuarine system of the Kienke. A study to assess the influence of seasonal evolution of some physico-chemical parameters on Zooplankton population dynamics was conducted from June 2016 to August 2017 in the Kienke estuarine system (Kribi, South Cameroon Region). Samples were collected in five (05) sampling points at the lower stream, at the confluence and then at 100 meters from the bank at sea following a monthly frequency. The Kienke estuary was characterized by spatio-temporal variations of physico-chemical parameters. These parameters are high temperature, relatively high electrical conductivity and salinity, and a relatively basic hydrogen potential (pH). Nutrients (ammonia nitrogen, nitrates and orthophosphates) were relatively low in the Kienke estuary. The organic pollution index (OPI) indicated moderate to high water pollution. At the surface and at depth, during the long dry season (December to February), Zooplankton densities were very low in the Kienke estuarine system. But rather high during the main rainy season (August to October). The results show that 105 species of Zooplankton belonging to 46 families grouped into four orders were identified. At the surface, 52 species of Zooplankton belonging to 23 families and 4 orders were identified, while at depth, 53 species of Zooplankton belonging to 23 families were also identified. The most abundant group was the Copepods represented by the following species: Tropocyclops confinis Kiefer, 1930; Mesocyclops sp. Sars, 1914; Macrocyclops sp. Claus, 1893; Thermocyclops sp. Kiefer, 1929; Parvocalaus elegans Adronov, 1972 and Clausocalanus sp. Giesbrecht, 1888. Overall, there was a predominance of microcrustaceans (Cladocera and Copepoda) over rotifers. The results obtained in this work will be of capital importance for the elaboration of sustainable management policies for the estuary of the city of Kribi.

Is Social Capital the Necessary Condition for Rural Development?

사회자본은 지역 스스로의 역량 발현을 통해 공공과 민간의 부족한 역량 및 지원수준을 높여주어 지역사회 개발을 가능하게 한다. 이에 따라 많은 연구자들이 사회자본의 역할과 중요성 등을 강조하고 있다. 그러나 현재 농촌은 농업인구의 감소, 고령화, 영농의 기계화 등으로 과거 농촌마을에서 유지해왔던 공동체 규범이 약화되어 마을에 축적되어 있던 사회자본이 쇠퇴하고 있다. 이에 따라 정부는 다양한 농촌개발 사업을 시행하여 농촌지역의 소득증대와 환경개선은 물론 농촌 고유의 정신이나 전통을 고취하고자 한다. 본 연구는 농촌개발이 성공적으로 진행된 마을이 실제 사회자본이 높은지, 사회자본이 실제 개발의 동력으로 작용했는지에 관해 사례연구를 진행하였다. 연구를 통해 첫째, 공동체에 발전을 야기하고 개인에게 이익을 가져다주는 집합적 행동은 마을의 발전은 유도하나 현재는 돈으로 인해 그 의미와 기능이 퇴색하였음을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 변화된 농촌 환경으로 인해 사회자본 고유의 특성인 상호성과 호혜성은 오히려 농민들에게 부담으로 작용하고 있었다. 셋째, 사회자본은 사회적 관계 자체에 내재하여 그 관계에 참여하고 있는 사람들은 누구나 의도와는 상관없이 혜택에서 제외되지 않음을 발견하였다. 정부는 농촌개발 사업에 농촌의 공동체의식, 사회자본을 강조하지만 실제 사업은 많은 부분이 돈으로 대체되고 있는 상황이다. 이러한 상황에서 이제는 사회자본이 현재의 농촌 상황에서 적실한 개발수단인지?, 쇠퇴한 사회자본은 다시 축적할 수 있는 것인지? 등과 관련한 질문이 요구되어진다. 또한 보다 현실적이고 실제적인 농촌개발 방안을 모색해야 한다.Social capital enables the development of local communities by increasing the level of competence and support in the public and private sectors in each region. Accordingly, many researchers put stress on the role and importance of social capital. However, social capital accumulated in farming villages is declining due to the weakening of community standards caused by the reduction of the farming population, aging, and mechanization of farming. The government aims to generate the income in farming areas, improve the agricultural environment, and inspire the rural spirit and tradition by enforcing various rural development projects. This study was conducted as a case study on villages that succeeded in rural development to examine whether they actually have high social capital and if social capital functioned as the driving force for development. The results of this study are as follows. First, collective actions causing community development and bringing benefits to individuals lead to the development of villages, but the meaning and function of collective actions have faded because of money. Second, the mutuality and reciprocity of social capital were imposing a burden on farmers due to the changing farming environment. Third, social capital was internalized in social relations, ensuring that everyone who participates in such social relations is not excluded from the benefits regardless of their intention. The government emphasizes the community spirit and social capital for rural development projects, but many projects are being replaced by money. Under the given circumstance, questions arise regarding whether social capital is an appropriate means of rural development and whether the declined social capital can be re-accumulated. It is necessary to seek more realistic and practical methods of rural development.

The New Era of Teaching: Using Video Games to Teach Macroeconomics

This paper discusses how the commercial video game Civilization VI can be used as an experiential learning tool in the economics classroom. The game simulates the progress of civilizations over the past 6000 years of human history and can be used to cover principles of economics, economic history and economic growth theory. Students experience and learn the importance of natural resources, human capital, physical capital, technology, trade, government stability, property rights, geography and openness to trade to economic growth and development. The paper discusses specifically how the game relates to specific economic topics. The game is available in Mac, IOS, Windows, PS4 and most other platforms.

Is there myocardial involvement in children with long-term follow-up for Kawasaki disease? A study based on two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.

This study aimed to determine the possibility of subclinical myocardial dysfunction detected by strain echocardiography in the late period of children with Kawasaki disease. The study enrolled 30 patients with Kawasaki disease with a follow-up period of at least 12 months and 30 healthy age- and gender-matched children. During the follow-up period, standard echocardiography, pulsed and tissue Doppler, and strain echocardiography were recorded for both groups. The mean age at the time of the diagnosis was 2.6±2.3 years (2 months-11 years). The mean follow-up period after the diagnosis was 3.55±2.20 years. Conventional echocardiography, M mode, pulsed and tissue Doppler values, and myocard performance index did not reveal significant differences. Left ventricle strain and strain rate parameters obtained by apical four-, three-, and two-chamber views did not show statistical differences between patients and controls. There was a positive correlation between the duration of follow-up and global four- and three-chamber longitudinal strain and global longitudinal strain values (r=0.465, p=0.010; r=0.414, p=0.023; r=0.492, p=0.006, respectively), whereas global radial strain showed negative correlation (r=-0.517, p=0.003). The analysis of systolic strain and strain rate did not detect a subclinical myocardial dysfunction in the long-term follow-up of Kawasaki disease. However, strain values showed variability with the follow-up periods, which indicates that Kawasaki disease might cause left ventricular dysfunction in the later phases. Therefore, a follow-up of children with a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease is of capital importance.

DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL OF ENTERPRISE AS A CONDITION OF ECONOMIC GROWTH OF SOCIETY

The growth of crisis processes at present stage of socio-economic development of Ukraine increases the importance of understanding the role of individual in achieving social progress. Traditional approaches of understanding the sources of economic development are losing their relevance, shifting the emphasis to the intangible resources of innovative renewal, especially human capital. That is why investigation of role and importance of human capital development of enterprise in ensuring the economic growth of national economy and improving the welfare of its population in particular is very important.The purpose of the research is justification of scientific approaches to understanding the nature and importance of human capital of enterprise in ensuring the economic growth of society.The article substantiates the role of human capital of enterprise in the economic growth of individual, enterprise and society as a whole. The essence of the category «human capital of enterprise», the forms of its manifestation depending on the stage of implementation, the functions and need for its development for enterprise are determined. The author's vision of human role in formation and using of human capital in the context of achieving economic development of society is presented. The role and types of investments in formation and development of human capital of enterprise are substantiated. The peculiarities of this type of investments different from the financing of other enterprise capital are presented. Separated three main components of human capital, the development of which requires investment: health, education and cultural development of employees. The possibilities of investment of these directions by enterprise are characterized. There was noted that the relevant costs should be considered not as consumer but as investment, as they are profitable not only for one person but also for society, providing a significant effect of national economy growth as a whole.

Design and Social Factors Affecting the Formation of Social Capital in Chinese Community Garden

In recent years, community gardens are becoming more and more popular in China. However, the role of these community gardens varies significantly: some community gardens serve as an effective means of promoting social capital, while others cause social contradictions and public doubts due to the lack of professional design and management. Therefore, this paper aims to learn and better understand what factors affect the formation of social capital in Chinese community gardens. It screened eleven design factors and seven social factors and made social capital scale through literature review and expert workshop. On this basis, this study selected 35 community gardens in China as sample spaces, and collected 1257 questionnaires about the perception for social capital of gardeners through survey. In the statistical analysis phase, factor analysis and regression analysis were applied to analyze the role and the relative importance of different factors and social capital. Results show that the integration with green infrastructure, accessibility, size, visual openness, planting form, proportion of unproductive landscape, agricultural infrastructure, and smart infrastructure have significant impacts on social capital level. Meanwhile, the types of stakeholders, management rules, supervision system, self-management team, and operational activities have similar impacts on social capital level. This study recommends that planners and designers should adjust the above related factors in community garden design, and local government is urged to integrate community gardens into urban plans and public policies.

Global Flows, Local Conditions and Productivity Spillovers: The Case of the Central and Eastern European Countries

The evolution of labour productivity in an economy can be affected by technology transfer through international linkages, as this permits the incorporation of innovation and automation intensive capital goods into the local productive system. Globalization may be an opportunity to promote sustainable growth – within the industry 4.0 framework – in economies with low levels of innovation or automation. In this paper, we analyse the role of global flows and local conditions for a sustainable productivity growth in the EU member states of Central and Eastern Europe. We focus on the imports of capital goods and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows as main drivers of technology diffusion and productivity spillovers. As productivity also depends on the local capacity for technology adoption, in this work, we control for domestic factors, such as the domestic investment, R&D expenditure, levels of human capital and the quality of local institutions. Our estimates based on panel data models for 2000-2018, confirm that capital imports have been productivity enhancing in Central and Eastern European countries. Evidence that FDI inflows have a positive influence in the transmission of technology is vague or insignificant according to our model. Finally, our estimates show that countries with higher R&D spending, stronger institutions and higher physical and human capital endowments enjoy higher productivity gains

Predicting entrepreneurial opportunity recognition in higher education: a case from Iran

PurposeAlthough extensive governmental efforts have taken place to promote entrepreneurship in Iran, based on global entrepreneurship monitor report, the rate of perceived opportunities among young people, especially those with university education, has dropped. Since the perceived entrepreneurial opportunities are the first and most important step in the entrepreneurship process, this study identified the factors affecting the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition in Iranian higher education.Design/methodology/approachThe statistical population included 127 senior undergraduate students in all majors of agriculture at Ilam University. The sample size was determined by using the Krejcie and Morgan’s (1970) sampling table to be 100 senior undergraduate agriculture students at Ilam University, Ilam province, Iran, selected through a stratified random sampling technique.FindingsThe results showed that the perceived entrepreneurial opportunity among students was moderately low. According to structural equation modeling, the alertness, human capital, social capital and environmental support variables had a positive and significant effect on the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition.Research limitations/implicationsRegarding the research implications, the present study, with providing and testing a model for developing the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition among students in a developing country (Iran) with diverse cultures and values, has improved the literature of entrepreneurship in higher education.Practical implicationsBased on results instructors in higher agricultural education can use active teaching and learning methods, such as creating ideas, experiential and service learning, teamwork and practical work, critical thinking and problem-solving in education. Also, financial, technical and consultative support of instructors and managers in agricultural colleges to implement, launch and commercialize agricultural students' entrepreneurial ideas and projects is needed.Originality/valueThe findings indicated the importance of alertness, human capital, social capital and environmental support on the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition among students. Findings showed that ecological approach could be used to develop students' entrepreneurial opportunity recognition.

Designing QE in a fiscally sound monetary union

This paper develops a tractable two-country model of a monetary union with a sound fiscal governance structure and a portfolio balance channel and shows how in such environment the design of QE can be linked to well-understood findings applying to single economies. If the monetary union is symmetric and there is no portfolio balance channel, our linearised model converges to the canonical New Keynesian economy, in which central bank purchases of long-term debt (QE) are ineffective at the zero lower bound constraint for the short-term interest rate. However, if the portfolio balance channel is present, monetary policy in the form of both negative short-term interest rates (up to a certain endogenous lower bound) and QE becomes effective. We prove that for shocks of certain size there exists an interest rate rule, augmented by QE, which substitutes for negative short-term rates prescribed by a conventional interest rate rule without QE. We generalise this result to an asymmetric monetary union, allowing for asymmetric shocks and asymmetric structures. As long as asymmetries between countries result from shocks, outcomes under negative short-term rates can be replicated with a rule augmented by a symmetric design of QE. By contrast, asymmetric structures affecting the transmission of monetary policy can translate into an asymmetric QE design. In general, lower bound episodes in asymmetric monetary unions give rise to current account imbalances which are, depending on the degree of financial integration, funded by private capital imports or absorbed through the central bank balance sheet channel.

Liberalization, Import of Capital Goods, and Industrial Exports: Evidence from Indian Manufacturing Sectors

This article examines the impact of capital goods import on Indian manufacturing exports at the sectoral level. Import of capital goods provides dynamic productivity gains through quality, variety, and cost-efficiency channels that further boost manufacturing exports. Since trade liberalization facilitates this process, we presumed that better access to capital inputs would enhance Indian exports for 15 major manufacturing sectors at the 3-digit level from 1997 to 2016. The panel regression analysis based on fixed effect(s) feasible generalized least squares (FGLS), and ordinary least squares (OLS) indicate that, after controlling for world demand, relative export prices, and in-house research and development (R&D), the capital goods import has a positive and statistically significant impact on the aggregate manufacturing sector. The OLS estimates at the sectoral level further confirm the positive impact across nine major sectors. In general, the engineering sectors such as metals, machinery and transport equipment, and traditional labor-intensive sectors like textiles show positive benefit from these technology imports.

Openness and factor shares: Is globalization always bad for labor?

This paper studies the response of factor shares to the liberalization episode in India during the 1990's, which is characterized by large and unexpected changes in trade and foreign investment policies. We find that access to foreign capital caused an increase in the labor-to-capital relative factor share. As lower tariffs on capital goods and FDI liberalization reduce the cost of foreign capital, firms increase their use of foreign capital relative to domestic capital. This shift in the composition of the capital stock improves capital's productivity per unit of expenditure, which in turn raises wages and the relative labor share. Consistent with this mechanism, firm TFP and the share of firms that import capital both increase in industries with the largest capital cost reductions, while the relatively larger rise of labor payments is observed predominantly for new capital importers. We identify domestic deregulation policies and reallocation to capital-intensive firms as potential determinants of the observed decline in the aggregate labor share. Finally, in a model where domestic and foreign capital are imperfect substitutes, we quantify the effect of a reduction in capital tariffs, and find that it explains a large part of the estimated increase in the labor share found in the reduced form analysis.

The Beneficiaries of Training Co-Financed by the ESF and Their Employability Market Orientation in Creating Labour Market Competitiveness

The key objective of this article is to present the importance of human capital in the training process co-financed by the European Social Fund (ESF) in shaping sustainable economic development attitudes from the perspective of the labour market competitiveness. The presented research process focuses on the role of the psychological and competitive potential of individuals as workpreneurs on the modern labour market, showing an adaptive set of behaviours referred to as Employability Market Orientation. It has been assumed that one of its dimensions, which is Career Exploration, is of importance for the use of training as ESF interventions and is a manifestation of the scope of realization of the assumed goals under the European Union (EU) cohesion policy. CAWI type of research was carried out on a group of 840 Poles at the ages 18–60. The analysis of Pearson’s r correlations led to the establishment of the existence of a relationship between participation in ESF training and Career Exploration (CE). Persons with high CE indicated more frequently than the remaining respondents that ESF training had increased their competitiveness on the labour market, whilst there were fewer of those who noted they had brought them no benefits. On the other hand, no relationship was identified between CE and non-participation in EFS training on account of poor adjustment of the offer to the needs of the labour market. A conclusion may thus be drawn from the obtained results that regions in which individuals show diverse levels of CE features will avail of the training co-financed from the ESF to a varying degree, regardless of their form or efficiency of their procedures. The role of human capital potential was thus confirmed in realizing the basic goals of the EU cohesion policy.

Analysis of effective factors and forecasting of labor demand in the perspective of 2026 Iranian agriculture

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of imports in the agricultural sector on the demand of agricultural labor (employment) in Iran for the period 1978-2019 and forecast employment in this sector for the outlook 2026. In the present study, labor demand in the agricultural sector is a function of wages, value added in the agricultural sector, capital stock and imports. To estimate the aggregate relationship and short-term and long-term dynamics, vector autoregression patterns and vector error correction model were used. Also, the neural network designed due to greater efficiency than other models was used to predict employment in the agricultural sector of Iran for the years 2020 to 2026. The results showed that in the long run, value added in the agricultural sector has a positive effect and capital stock, wages and imports have a negative effect on employment in the agricultural sector. The results also showed that the trend of reducing the share of employment in the agricultural sector of Iran in relation to the total economy until 2026, will continue as in previous decades and from an annual growth of 1.03 percent to 0.77 percent. Ultimately, government policies must be implemented with the aim of increasing the value added of the agricultural sector in order to provide new jobs, food security and self-sufficiency.