Importance Of Capital Research Articles

La psicología organizacional como perspectiva para la mejora del desempeño de los trabajadores. El uso de la empatía en las actividades diarias de las empresas.

El presente trabajo aborda una investigación con la finalidad de comprobar la importancia del capital humano en las empresas. Al conocer y comprender la importancia así como el valor que todos los trabajadores tienen dentro de las empresas, podemos hacer de nuestra vida laboral algo mejor; al dar un buen trato y la importancia que tiene el trabajador, la empresa crecerá aún más de lo esperado y los resultados alcanzarán el éxito deseado, conseguirá la resolución de conflictos y dificultades que retrasan el alcance de las metas, y estará preparada para hacer frente a la competencia, así como se aligerarán las asignaciones que resultan difíciles, entre otras cosas.

Technology Transfer, Development, Deployment and Productivity Performance in Pakistan

Productivity (TFP) performance is not only influenced by the direct effects of human capital, R&D (technology development)), embodied and disembodied forms of technology transfer and know-how through capital imports, FDI and use of foreign IPRs (technology transfer activities), but importantly is indirectly affected by compo-nents like the interactive effects of machinery and equipment imports, royalties and licenses fee payments, FDI, human capital and technology deployment. In this context, we analyzed internal technology building capabilities, trade-related technology transf-er activities and foreign technology absorption capabilities. The ARDL technique demonstrates that stable long-run association exists amongst all the chosen variables. The results indicate that investment in human capital boost the TFP, in addition expenditures on R&D, imports of machinery are crucial determinants of TFP growth. Surprisingly, FDI appears with a negative sign but the indirect effect of FDI through its interaction with human capital is positive. This indicates that FDI in the presence of human capital plays a favourable role in enhancing TFP. Moreover, the imports of machinery directly and indirectly, in association with both human capital and R&D, increase the growth of TFP. These findings provide evidence that internal technology building capabilities enhances the TFP growth significantly; while, embodied form of technology transfer has a positive and significant impact on the growth of TFP; whereas, disembodied technology transfer exerts positive but statistically insignificant impact on TFP growth. Furthermore, the study lends support for the existence of strong foreign technology absorption capabilities.

SHORT TERM LOAD ESTIMATION FOR ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION OF SOUTH EAST ANATOLIA TURKEY

Today the problem of prediction of short-term electricity consumption or Short Term Load Forecasting (STLF), is a matter of capital importance for energy companies, since it allows more efficient management, allowing better use of equipment and resources. Demand prediction is a complex problem, since it is related to economic, climatic, temporal factors, and its behavior varies from one society to another. Each of these factors provides certain variables that can be represented in different ways, particularly the temporal ones. In this work, we hypothesize that the method used to present the temporal variables to a system of prediction of electrical consumption affects the results. To verify the hypothesis raised, we consider different methods of representing these variables, applied to the problem of predicting daily values of electricity consumption in the province of South East Anatolia, Turkey. The division of the temporary variable into day, day of the week, month and year variables individually for each period involved in the problem, proved to be the most convenient method, obtaining an improvement of up to 10.56% compared to other methods considered.

Documentación 3D para la conservación del patrimonio histórico: el castillo de Priego de Córdoba

<p class="VARKeywords">One of the main objectives of heritage management policies is to promote measures aimed at the maintenance, restoration and enhancement of cultural and archaeological assets. To guarantee this, the responsible institutions must promote actions for the dissemination and transference of cultural heritage, as well as promoting actions with the greatest possible rigour, developing scientific and technical studies that support and improve intervention methods. Recent technological advances in fields such as photogrammetry, digital terrestrial scanning and 3D modelling have made a significant contribution to the digital preservation and dissemination of architectural heritage.</p><p class="VARKeywords">European administrations, in their desire of regional development, as well as the central or local governments have notably boosted the recovery of their rich and diverse heritage. A particular case is Priego de Cordoba’s Castle, a stronghold which was one of the most important monumental icons of the Andalusian period.</p><p class="VARKeywords">Currently, this site is the main target of many architectural interventions and a model due to the implementation of last generation techniques in digital preservation. The local archaeological department promotes a large number of interventions and archaeological excavations. This has made a priority to get a qualitative geometrical 3D documentation, and therefore a constantly updated the point cloud (xyzRGB).</p><p class="VARKeywords">This paper is focussed on presenting the results of the digital preservation process through 2D planimetry obtained from photogrammetric technics, 3D models, and geospatial data. These techniques are a previous step to large architectonical intervention planned in Priego de Cordoba’s Castle, in particular, the identified structures as Wall 1 and Tower 1.</p><p class="VARKeywords">Two out of the three studied structures can be found in Wall 1. They correspond to a cobblestone pavement located in the rampart of the Wall 1, which is a post-medieval period; a double-stepped semi-underground path, excavated in the infill of the wall. The third structure studied in this paper consists of a well, which drills vertically the infill of the wall of the Tower 1. This feature is interpreted in the last research as a vertical well to place the weights of the clock sited in this tower until the 19th century.</p><p class="VARKeywords">This work combines two techniques of geometric documentation to obtain a more complete point cloud. The terrestrial laser scanning, and the photogrammetry due to the higher colour performance, along with the completion of the point cloud obtained with the laser scanner. Along with this study, we will analyse the features which will better define the best technique to fit the documentation of the different structures. Their geometric characteristics, the incidence of sunlight or the accessibility will condition the use and choice of the technique.</p><p class="VARKeywords">We have stated that there is software nowadays which makes it easier to access and consult the information through new computing hardware. Besides, we have highlighted the importance of knowledge and synergy from the different stakeholders implied (city council, technological centre and private companies). The final goal consists of making the society aware of the capital importance of digital preservation as well as dissemination of science.</p>

La Competitividad como factor de crecimiento para las organizaciones

La competitividad es una de las condiciones más valoradas y perseguidas por los directivos organizacionales quienes conscientes de la creciente demanda y expectativas de la clientela, cada vez más exigente y compleja, intentan sacar sus mejores armas de batalla para ocupar una posición privilegiada en el mercado y asegurar su permanencia a mediano y largo plazo. Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de brindar al lector un documento amigable y de fácil comprensión que permita entender la importancia que tiene la competitividad como factor de crecimiento para las organizaciones. Para ello, el documento inicia con una revisión bibliográfica cimentada en la teoría y perspectiva que diferentes autores tienen a acerca de la materia en cuestión y en lo posterior, mediante una metodología descriptiva, correlacional y cualitativa se realiza un análisis de las posturas de los autores citados a lo largo del texto relacionando temas como la competitividad y la estrategia empresarial, el liderazgo a través de la competitividad, la productividad como elemento determinante, factores que merman la competitividad, la globalización y la importancia del capital humano. En base al análisis realizado, se concluye señalando que la competitividad ha dejado de ser un concepto estático centrado en aspectos de naturaleza financiera, ahora se valora mucho el vínculo entre los activos de naturaleza intangible, calidad del recurso humano y motivación del personal, por ende, el liderazgo de la cúpula empresarial es un factor determinante y una de las razones por las que algunas organizaciones no pueden alcanzar los niveles de competitividad requeridos o deseables.

Drug control, violence and capitalism in an international perspective: an analytical framework

ABSTRACT In recent decades, many academic texts analysed the international dimensions of the security-drug nexus in the Americas. Their main focus is on the so-called ‘war on drugs’ carried out by the United States in the region since the 1970s. They seek to understand its international modes of violence and its political and social repercussions, especially for Latin-American countries. In this article, we suggest a complementary perspective that highlights the capitalist aspect of this global trend. Based on a literature review, this paper drafts an analytical framework grounded on a historical approach that draws attention to how factors and motivations related to capitalism interact with drug control and its respective violence. We highlight how this dynamic was driven by the interests of private and public actors within the United States, particularly pharmaceutical corporations. It argues that two factors underscore the importance of capitalism in the analysis of the security-drug nexus. The first is the process of drug commodification since the mid-19th century pari passu the professionalization of medicine and technological development. The second concerns the use of State police power to manage the illicit market resulting from the licit-illicit dichotomy stressed by the United Nations international drug control conventions. We conclude that such a perspective can reveal the intrinsic connection between the legal and illegal scope of drugs, which ends up analytically repositioning the relationship between public and private actors, as well as between the local and global scales.

Direct and indirect effects of SEWi, family human capital and social capital on organizational social capital in small family firms

Given the importance of social capital in organizations, this research answers the question of how socioemotional wealth importance (SEWi), family human capital and family social capital influence organizational social capital in small family firms. Based on a sample of 334 small family businesses from the Biobio Region in Chile, a partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis (PLS-SEM) was performed. The results do not provide support for the predicted direct influence of family social capital on organizational social capital, but they support an indirect influence through SEWi and family human capital, both of which have a direct and positive influence on family firms’ organizational social capital. This means that SEWi and family human capital play a central role in generating organizational social capital in small family firms. It also suggests that both ability and willingness of family businesses play a role in allowing these firms to successfully transfer social capital from the family to the business system.

The importance of human potential and human capital in sustainable development

The purpose of the investigation is to reveal the importance of human potential and human capital in order to understand their practical importance in the social development of Ukraine. The definitions of «human potential» and «human capital» based on the interpretations of foreign and Ukrainian scientists are analyzed. The author’s vision of the definition of «human potential» as a socio-economic category that embodies the set of abilities, knowledge and capabilities of human and society as a whole, which are realized during the life cycle, interact with other types of potentials, bringing additional benefits and enriching materially and spiritually to achieve the goals of individual and human development. The organizational and level structure of human potential is developed and the content of its key components is described. In particular, in the level distribution, human potential includes: nanlevel (individual), microlevel (enterprise, organization, industry), mesolevel (region) and macrolevel (country or group of countries). The common and distinctive features between human potential and human capital in the social development of Ukraine are generalized. The organizational component of the structure of human potential includes the following most important components: labor potential, creative potential (human potential of creative individuals), intellectual potential, innovation potential, human potential of the nation, and others.It is concluded that the development and full realization of human potential in Ukraine largely depends on the proper implementation of human capital and quality public protection of key components of the social sphere. In this process, the formation of social market system of income, the concept of lifelong learning and the renewal of the health care system should be a priority. Particular attention should be paid to the social environment in which human potential is formed and developed, because it determines the vectors of practical implementation of all those abilities and skills that are laid down from birth and change during the life cycle.

ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЙ КАПИТАЛ В СТРУКТУРЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА РЕГИОНА

The article considers approaches to determining the importance of human capital for the socio-economic development of the territories of the Russian Federation, as well as determining its place in the structure of the territorial socio-economic potential. The article shows that human capital is the basis for the formation of the regional economic system and serves as the basis for the implementation of the regional socio-economic potential. The authors define human capital as a key socio-economic and productive factor in the development of not only the modern economy, but also modern society. Regional human capital is defined as a set of human resources with their knowledge, abilities, skills, etc., formed both within the framework of individual human capital and within the framework of corporate human capital, localized on the territory of the region and able to provide reproduction processes within the regional socio-economic system. The article shows that the regional human capital in the structure of the socio-economic potential of the region has both quantitative (population size, including population migration; the gender and age composition of the population of the region, etc.), and the quality characteristics (the level of education and qualifications of the population of the region, the effectiveness of the use of human capital, etc.), reflect the importance of human capital in the state’s program documents. The article proposes the author’s vision of human capital as a resource for the socio-economic development of the region and proves that from the point of view of the realization of the socioeconomic potential of the region, the human resources of a particular region should be considered by regional authorities and management not only as a key resource that ensures the socio-economic development of the region, but also as a resource that imposes certain requirements necessary for the direct realization of human capital (potential).

ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ ЯК ЦЕНТР КАПІТАЛІЗАЦІЇ ЗНАНЬ ЧЕРЕЗ ІННОВАЦІЇ

The article presents the results of author's research in the field of the problem of creating entrepreneurial universities, which should play one of the most important roles in the process of ensuring public profitability. The importance of capitalization as a process of conversion of value added into capital is clarified and the content of capitalization in relation to the functioning of a new type of universities - entrepreneurial universities. Capitalization is a way of looking at the process of redefining additional parameters from the capital, but also from the industrial sector. It is noted that the products of intellectual capital are directly involved in capitalization, but subject to the implementation of innovative activities, the content of which corresponds to entrepreneurial activity. It is determined that in the context of suspicious changes, universities become middles of innovative activities, behavioral imperatives, especially innovative and educational culture, which relies on high standards of culture and ideals. The vision of researchers on the emergence of the model of entrepreneurial university is presented, the definition and features of the existence of these universities are given. Until then, it’s good for the rice to come from the universities of the past, it’s good for those who didn’t think it’s just for the first time, but it’s scientifically until the last time. The author's world of education is presented in the boundaries of this preliminaries. The establishment of educational universities allows for the prevention of capitalization as in objects of material (work) forms, as well as in informational and intellectual forms, including the number of programs, wines. as in the short-line period, so as to prevent the storage of information and intellectual facilities from the pre-built period (to be the case for "depositing" conditions). Emphasis is placed on the existence of problems of transformation of traditional universities into entrepreneurial universities, overcoming which should accelerate the process of creating innovative entrepreneurial universities, the purpose of which is to ensure capitalization in society.

Korelacija humanog razvoja i privrednog rasta nacionalne ekonomije

The area that causes great attention of economic science is the issue of growth and development. The impact of human resources on economic growth is of great importance. Human capital is the driver of the economic growth of any national economy, on the other hand, the state is the driver of education of its population. An important driver of development is education, i.e. investing in the education system, which further drives other macroeconomic variables. Both theory and practice are increasingly dealing with the issue of human capital, as important components and factors of the overall economic development of the national economy. Investments in education result in an increase in economic growth, this increase allows for greater investment in future education. Long-term economic growth determines the standard of living, which directly affects human development. The Human Development Index sublimates several parameters in itself and at the same time shows correlations between the economy, quality of life, and level of education in the country. The paper aims to point out the importance of human capital in economic science and practice through the paradigm of the concept of human development, following the trends of HDI in the Republic of Serbia and the surrounding countries.

СТРУКТУРУВАННЯ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО КАПІТАЛУ В МЕРЕЖЕВІЙ ЕКОНОМІЦІ

The article considers the formation and development of intellectual capital, including in the context of its relationship with human and social capital. The concept of intellectual capital is generalized and identified, its structure is defined according to different author's representations. It is determined that at the micro level intellectual capital is formed directly by human capital, structural (organizational) capital and client (consumer) capital. It was found that intellectual capital is assessed according to the methods of international organizations, including individual, collective, corporate (organizational), local and territorial, national, regional, international and global levels. Elements of intellectual capital are identified on the basis of their possible contact with the external environment: intellectual property, management system, infrastructure, social relations, technical and technological subsystem. It is emphasized that the theoretical aspects of intellectual capital from different authorial positions are presented in the global network economy, taking into account the intensification of information technology and innovation. It is revealed that the modern innovation environment creates preconditions for the formation of intellectual capital. Scientific knowledge, competencies of employees, experience, intellectual property, information technology are implemented in intangible products and assets of the network economy. It was found that most researchers understand intellectual capital as a set of intellectual assets, which can include: market assets (intangible assets related to market transactions); intellectual property as an asset (copyright, patents, trademarks of goods and services, know-how, trade secrets); human assets (a set of collective knowledge of employees of the enterprise, their creative abilities, the presence of leadership qualities); infrastructure assets (technologies, methods and processes that make the work of the enterprise possible). The expediency of considering intellectual capital in relation to human and social capital is emphasized, as the importance of social capital is represented by its special form, namely - networks, social norms and trust.

Regional gap in human capital: determinants of education and urbanization

This paper studies the regional gap in human capital. Specifically, it focuses on the important determinants of this capital represented by such key factors as education and urbanization. We stress the importance of human capital for the economic growth and show how it can be important for the effective development of both urban and rural areas. This study examines the regional distribution and dynamics of human capital. Human capital is credited with a crucial role in the creation of economic growth. Additionally, we investigate how the exposure to the urban or rural environment affects the educational success of people worldwide. In addition, our paper studies the effects of migration on urbanization and education. Our results show that institutional factors can be a good proxy for explaining the relationship between human capital development and urbanization. Furthermore, it can be concluded that return to education is higher in urban areas compared to rural areas, and higher in highly educated cities compared to smaller towns. All of these creates some important implications for urbanization and education that can be used by the policy-makers and urban and rural planners for narrowing the regional gap in human capital and increasing the overall well-being and economic growth.

Intellectual Capital of Institutions of Higher Education in the Knowledge Economy

To determine the directions of managing the intellectual capital of a university, the authors studied the impact of the knowledge economy on the education sector, analysed the most prestigious international rankings of universities and their criteria and methodologies, assessed the current state and prospects of Ukrainian universities in global rankings. The study of theoretical developments has proven the importance of the intellectual capital of the university and its ability to increase the competitive advantages of universities. Authors proposed the mechanism of institutions of higher education intellectual capital management in the knowledge economy, which provides a synergistic effect of all components of intellectual capital and will increase the competitive advantages of Ukrainian universities.

Inclusive Finance Credit Behaviours and Income Inequality: Matter of Social Capital?

A large body of evidences found that social capital contributed to credit constraints and welfares. However, we link villagers and households samples across China and account for multi-dimension social capital measurement error through seemly-unrelated three-stage least squares. We show that individual social capital, an individual comparative advantages resource, adversely affected credit behaviours and income distributions. To assessment the importance of community social capital for poor households, we address endogenous by instruments variables quantile regression. Then find that the external human capital mechanism of community social capital improves income and credit access. Update evaluation implies that social capital is not always favorable to income equality and credit access.

Cultural Capital, Gender and Intergenerational Educational Mobility in Post-Communist Space

Post-communist transition in Eastern Europe has affected social stratification and mobility. There is an argument that transition undermined the role of parental cultural capital and increased the importance of parental economic capital in determining the educational mobility of children. In this paper, we examine whether the parental cultural capital has played a role in educational mobility of cohorts born in 1970–1984 and what has been the contribution of the different states of cultural capital. We also consider the gender heterogeneity in the transmission of educational advantage. The study focuses on one country of Eastern Europe—Lithuania, which underwent the transition to a radical neo-liberal form of capitalism. Using data from the Families and Inequalities Survey of 2019, we apply the descriptive and ordinal regression analysis. The results indicate intergenerational educational upward mobility for women. All states of parental cultural capital (objectified, embodied, institutionalized) are relevant for the educational attainment of the transitional cohort. The effects are more pronounced for women, at least in relation to some states of parental cultural capital. On a more general level, the findings imply that the intergenerational reproduction of educational attainment was not substantially altered by the transition, at least during its initial decades.

Medical Boards and CEOs: Evidence from COVID-19 in China

About 37% of Chinese listed firms have medical expertise, as measured by the existence of senior executives with a medical degree or medical-industry experience. Using the COVID-19 outbreak in China as a natural experiment, we find that stock returns of firms with medical expertise, excluding those within the healthcare and pharmaceutical industry, are significantly higher than firms without. This effect is four times the effect that financial variables such as leverage, short-term debt, and cash have on the stock price. The positive impact is more pronounced if a CEO or Chairman has medical expertise and if the firm is not state-owned. To shed light on the underlying mechanisms, we also show that senior executives with medical backgrounds enable their firms to react strategically, particularly in their attitude toward infection prevention policy and financing decisions. Overall, through disentangling macro shocks, this study underlines the importance of diversified executive human capital on firm performance.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ФАКТОРЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ

The article is devoted to the problems of the development of the innovative potential of regional economic systems, which determines the vector and the intensity rate of the formation of competitive goods, services and innovation environment. The object of the study is the factors of regional influence on the change in the innovation potential. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of the human factor in the system of transforming and transforming innovative potential as a driving force of socio-economic development. The research objectives are related to the increasing importance of human capital in solving complex strategic problems. The main research methods: system and situational approaches, analysis of statistics on the development of the intellectual potential index. Determining the conditions for the favourable development of the innovation process of the economic system was carried out on the basis of determining the factors that contribute to the effective development of innovations, conditionally divided into transformational and transactional. The greatest importance in this study is given to intangible assets created as a result of human intellectual activity: the foundations of intellectual potential. The active realization of intellectual potential in various socio-economic spheres creates opportunities for regional development, intensification and innovative progress. The analysis of intellectual activity was carried out on the basis of indicators of the Southern Federal District, as a result, a weak level of development and influence on the domestic product was established. Despite a sufficient number of favorable factors, the district can provide high growth rates with the participation of state support for human potential. The technical factor that affects the development of the innovative potential of the economic system is situationally manifested in high-tech industries that depend on the modernization of industry elements, which may differ in the rate of re-equipment and determine the directions of integration of the regions of the district in different ways. The results of the innovation process and the success of their integration into the real sector of the economy determine the effectiveness of digitalization of various types of economic activities and the development of more flexible innovative approaches

Critique of Design Thinking in Organizations: Strongholds and Shortcomings of the Making Paradigm

Despite claims that design has moved beyond making artifacts and products, prevailing theories of design thinking in organizations remain entrenched in the making or technē paradigm. Ironically, this serves to maintain the status quo and stifle progress. Two highly visible technē models are intervention design, publicized by IDEO, and enterprise design thinking, popularized by IBM. While distinct, they deploy the same strategy: locate the vectors of organizational change in individual agents—in projects (as complex artifacts) or in professionals (as reified resources)—and implicitly argue that constant proximity or direct contact between design actors and non-design actors is necessary to generate systems change. This constant interfacing, a natural outworking of the technē paradigm, ultimately limits real transformation—it ignores the importance of social location and symbolic capital in social systems and assumes that human organizations are deficient by default. As a result, the technē paradigm resorts to a “surplus by numbers” approach that leads to the excessive proliferation of a suboptimal form of design. For design to flourish in organizations and build better theories, designers need to become more critical of the productive world and critics (in the ameliorative sense of the term) who can reshape the social world.

Human capital of enterprise in the global space of knowledge economy

Methods. In the course of the research a dialectical approach was applied – to determine the main characteristics and factors of modern socio-economic development; historical and logical methods – while considering the evolution of economic thought in the study of human capital; abstraction – while establishing the essence of the concept of «human capital»; scientific generalization – while identifying changes in qualitative and quantitative characteristics of human capital in different countries. Results. Quantitative and qualitative changes in the process of human capital functioning depending on the rate of destruction of old models of economic development, development of new knowledge in various spheres of society life and the effectiveness of their transformation into strategic assets of economic structures at the levels of macro and microeconomy. The relevance of the study of the problem of human capital is proved and its increase in the context of global competition for technological leadership and strengthening the emigration of talent, especially from developing countries. On the basis of the generalization of foreign and domestic experience, there is given a description of changes regarding operating conditions and directions of further development of human capital when the digital economy is forming and new technologies are introduced that change the functionality of market structures, their targets, models and time parameters of contractual relations “employer-employee” in unstable conditions and force majeure circumstances of the pandemic. There is grounded the thesis about the underestimation of the nation's intelligence which worsens the conditions for the reproduction of human capital and attracting the necessary investment for the development of the intellectual labor market. Novelty. The necessity of transition to a new paradigm of human capital development in the dynamic environment of knowledge economy is substantiated. The specifics of this paradigm, which takes into account the growing role of the individual and political capital in the processes of transformation of human resources into a strategically important component of intellectual capital, reflects the new socio-economic space of formation of human capital and human sociology with emphasis on global mobility. Practical value. Disclosure of the importance of human capital for a particular enterprise, national economy and world economy allows us to focus on the sources of its investment and areas of more effective involvement in the process of creating well-being at the level of the individual and society as a whole.