Implementation Of Government Policies Research Articles

Prediction of Education Level in Population Data Using Naïve Bayes Algorithm

Education is the key to improving human resources. The Ministry of National Education is implementing a curriculum that requires students to study it (MoNE) and as part of this program, all Indonesian citizens are required to attend three years of primary education, which includes SD, MI/Equivalent, three years for SMP/Equivalent, and three years for high school/equivalent level. This study aims to determine whether or not a government program that requires Indonesian citizens to study for 12 years is required, therefore it is necessary to test predictions of data on the level of education in Blitar Regency. This study conducted a prediction test by implementing the Naive Bayes algorithm on education-level data in Blitar Regency as of 2020 which was taken from the satudata.go.id website. In the data processing, there are values of precision, recall, f-measure, Weighted Avg, and also Confusion Matrix. The accuracy results of the Naive Bayes Algorithm on education level data in Blitar district show that the district has implemented government policies regarding the 12-year compulsory education program, this is based on the results of data processing which shows an accuracy value of 98.4848% and category good classification.

Framing the science for technical measures used in regulatory frameworks to effectively implement government policy

Regulatory and non-regulatory frameworks are used extensively to establish standards and guidelines for the technical measures implemented to manage freshwater and marine activities to achieve environmental policy objectives. Scientific and technical knowledge about the effectiveness of such measures is needed to ensure the success of these objectives, and yet there is general lack of scientific information on the effectiveness of technical measures. Used as conditions of approval for a variety of industry sectors, regulations and environmental quality guidelines establish the outcomes that are expected for the technical measures used in the daily activities of a given worksite. This paper suggests that the science to determine the effectiveness of technical measures should be framed from the requirements established in regulations and environmental quality guidelines. Such studies should also use methods, indicators and metrics that are often part of those requirements. This paper also puts forth that a more focused scientific effort is needed to determine the effectiveness of technical measures given the thousands of technical measures used to manage a wide range of activities.

Implementation of Child Protection Policy in Lhokseumawe City

This study examines the Implementation of Child Protection Policies in Lhokseumawe City. The qanun used is Qanun Number 11 of 2008 concerning child protection. The problem that occurs in this study is that there is still violence and exploitation of children in Lhokseumawe City. The formulation of the problem in this study is how to implement government policies in protecting children in Lhokseumawe City and why there are still children exploited in Lhokseumawe City. The focus of this research is the implementation of government policies in protecting children in Lhokseumawe City and the causes of the occurrence of cases of exploitation of children that still occur in Lhokseumawe City. The purpose of the study is to find out and describe the implementation of government policies in protecting children in Lhokseumawe City, especially those related to the rights of a child and to find out the causes of violence and exploitation of children that still occur in Lhokseumawe City. This research method using qualitative approach methods. Based on the results of this study, it was obtained that in handling violence and exploitation in children, socialization programs were carried out to schools and counseling to each village. In handling violence and exploitation of children, it is carried out with existing SOPs. The obstacles are the lack of community care, lack of facilities and infrastructure and closed access to victims, making it difficult for handlers.

How can governance strategies be developed for marine ecological environment pollution caused by sea-using enterprises? — A study based on evolutionary game theory

The governance of marine ecological environmental pollution is not only the responsibility of the central government (CG) but also requires the cooperation of multiple stakeholders, such as local governments (LGs) and sea-using enterprises (SEs). Using marine ecological environment pollution governance in coastal areas as the research object, this paper establishes a three-party evolutionary game model and analyzes the interests and preferences of stakeholders to demonstrate how CG affects the strategic choice of LGs and SEs by formulating marine pollution control policies, such as marine ecological damage compensation and performance appraisal. On this basis, using numerical simulation technology, a numerical simulation analysis is conducted by introducing policy indicators, including performance appraisal criteria for LGs, the amount of marine ecological damage compensation and penalties. The results show that without the implementation of strict marine ecological environment governance policies, stakeholders will fall into the prisoner dilemma of “irregular partial supervision by CG, partial implementation by LGs and partial compliance by SEs”. However, the incentive compatibility among the CG, LGs and SEs can be realized by increasing the proportion of ecological environment performance appraisal of LGs, levying marine ecological damage compensation for SEs and penalties for both stakeholders. In that case, LGs and SEs will also implement marine ecological environment protection and governance strategies even if the CG chooses a loose supervision strategy. On this basis, related policy implications are finally proposed, which can improve the efficiency of the governance of the marine ecological damage and environmental pollution caused by SEs and realize the sustainable development of the marine economy.

Industrial trans-fat: a cause of concern for Indian population

The trans-fats are a form of unsaturated fatty acids which contain one or more unconjugated double bonds in the trans-configuration. Trans-fat is found in natural sources such as dairy products and meat but the quantity of trans-fatty acid in natural sources is meagre. Most commonly they are found in industrial food products like bakery products, cookies and snacks. Several studies have identified increased industrial trans-fat consumption as harmful to human health. The major effects are on the cardiovascular system and central nervous system. To reduce the trans-fatty acid consumption, the global and national organizations have proposed various approach and strategies like WHO ‘Replace’ action plan strategy, implementation of trade policies and guidelines, work-site intervention strategies, improvements in hydrogenation technology, labeling of food products, behavioural change communication for population. Trans-fatty acid consumption is a modifiable risk factor. Planning and implementation of government policies and guidelines for reduction of trans-fatty acid levels in food product can have a significant impact. But behavioural change among general population is the key to reduce trans-fatty acid consumption.

Socio-cultural and Economic Challenges Confronting Caregivers of Children with Disabilities in Kilolo District, Tanzania

The well-being of children with physical disabilities is highly dependent on the absence or reduction of the caregiving burden on caregivers. This study aimed to investigate the social, cultural, and economic challenges facing caregivers in the provision of social well-being to children with Physical Disabilities supported by MAWAKI organization in Kilolo District, Iringa region, Tanzania. The study adopted a case study design where interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were used to collect information from the caregivers of children with physical disabilities, MAWAKI organization staff, and Village Executive Officers (VEOs). The thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative information collected from the respondents. From the study findings, it is concluded that the social challenges facing the caregivers of children with physical disabilities include inadequate availability of social programs, marriage conflicts, and poor family relationships. The cultural challenges identified by the study to affect caregivers of children with disabilities were community negative attitudes, perceptions, and beliefs towards children with disabilities. On the other hand, the existence of poor financial support, and the high cost of health and transport services were concluded as the economic challenges facing caregivers of children with physical disabilities. Therefore, the study recommended that caregivers needed to be provided with affordable social and economic support services together with the existence of effective implementation of government policies and laws related to disabled people in Tanzania.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PEMBANGUNAN PENDIDIKAN PADA DAERAH KEPULAUAN KECAMATAN LAONTI KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA

This study aims to determine and analyze the implementation of local government policies in education development in island areas. This type of research uses case studies. The design of this case study by placing Laonti Subdistrict as the setting (place), object (actor), and event (activity) implementation of these policies. An informant is a subject who is considered capable of providing information on the problem under study. This research data collection technique is through observation, document studies, and interviews. Data analysis in this study was carried out during the data collection lasting until the moment of drawing conclusions. The results showed that there are five local government policies as a form of intervention against the problem of low quality of education and uneven distribution of services, namely: (1) construction of new school units in the form of opening one-stop elementary-junior high schools, (2) increasing teacher professionalism, (3) curriculum design & local content, (4) increasing community participation through school and community-based management, as well as (5) empowering the UPTD Office of the Laonti Sub-district Education Office. The implementation of government policies, in general, has not been running optimally. Because in dealing with education in island areas with the complexity of the problems in it, a special approach or special policy is needed by paying more attention to geographical factors.

Exploring low-carbon pilot city policy implementation: evidence from China

ABSTRACT China has established three rounds of low-carbon pilot city initiatives. However, a gap exists between policy making and successful implementation, and the effects on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction were found to be different among pilots. This paper considers the question of how low-carbon policies in cities can be implemented effectively and how policy combinations are adopted for GHG emissions reduction. It uses a mixed research approach, including Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and field investigation in Pilot Y (situated in the southwest China). The results show that, first, financial support and monitoring systems are necessary conditions, while political leadership is a sufficient condition. This means that the absence of financial support or monitoring systems could lead to increased GHG emissions, while the presence of political leadership always promotes the reduction of GHG emissions but may not be sufficient on its own to achieve them. Second, the target responsibility system (TRS) – a system used by higher government levels to assess the policy implementation of lower government levels – and human resource mechanisms cannot effectively lead to the promotion of GHG emissions reduction. Finally, in the absence of TRS and human resource mechanisms, environmental information disclosure (EID) was found to effectively promote low-carbon urban development by encouraging public participation. This paper reveals the complexity of the implementation of low-carbon policies in cities, identifies the link between city-level and national action, and enriches the theoretical explanation of governance and low-carbon policy implementation gaps in China. Key policy insights China’s low-carbon pilot city project is critical for reducing GHG emissions, however, the effects of the low-carbon pilot city programmes varied greatly. Financial support and monitoring systems are necessary conditions, while political leadership is a sufficient condition to achieve cities’ GHG emissions reduction goals. Local low-carbon development is limited and not put into practice at the city level in China, in part because of the absence of financial support and limited political attention. This study highlights the key conditions of organizational behaviour at the meso-level, and enriches the theoretical explanation of environmental policy implementation gaps in China.

Studi Kombinasi Capaian Uci (Universal Child Imunisation) Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Menggunakan Logic Framework Evaluation Di Kabupaten Buleleng

In 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic hit the world, precisely in March 2020, the first case of Covid-19 disease was found in Indonesia, which later greatly affected all the life of the Indonesian people. Along with the outbreak of Covid-19 in Indonesia, the government implemented policies in tackling the pandemic by limiting the mobility of the community that also influenced government programs, especially the immunization program in an effort to reach UCI Village. The purpose of the study was to determine the achievements of UCI during the Covid-19 pandemic, which was studied using a logic framework evaluation in Buleleng Regency. This research is a mix method model of concurrent triangulation strategy. This type of research is used to simultaneously obtain data related to UCI's achievements so that it could support quantitative and qualitative data. The results showed that the pandemic did not affect the achievements of UCI villages with the number of UCI villages in Buleleng Regency as many as 147 villages from 148 villages, in which 1 village did not reach UCI not because of the pandemic but because of the cultures of the local community.

Upaya Meningkatkan Perilaku Masyarakat Tentang Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 Melalui Promosi Kesehatan Dan Penerapan Kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah Di Kota Surabaya

The COVID-19 pandemic is a disaster that heartbreaks all the inhabitants of the earth. Corona Virus Disease 2019 is a new type of disease caused by infection with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Virus (SARS- COV-2) or known as the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The research design used in this study is descriptive analytic, with the aim of proving the influence of health promotion and the implementation of policies on preventing the transmission of COVID-19 on people's behavior. The results of this study found that there was a change in respondents' behavior before being given health promotion and after being given health promotion, from the results above it can be interpreted that changes in respondents' behavior in a positive direction marked with a positive rank of 107, and the results of statistical tests using the wilcoxon test were obtained p = 0.000 which means that if p < 0.05, then there is a change in behavior before being given treatment with after being given treatment. Based on research efforts to improve community behavior about preventing covid-19 transmission through health promotion and the implementation of local government policies in the city of Surabaya, it can be concluded that there is a change in behavior in respondents

HUBUNGAN PENERAPAN PROTOKOL KESEHATAN PANDEMI COVID 19 DENGAN KEPATUHAN PEDAGANG MENGGUNAKAN MASKER DI PASAR DELI TUA TAHUN 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is the spread of the 2019 coronavirus disease worldwide. The disease is caused by a new type of corona virus named SARS-Cov-2. And it was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. The outbreak of this corona virus is almost all over the world, including in Indonesia. Using of the masks during the Covid-19 pandemic is very important to protect yourself and others from the risk of transmitting this virus. The aims of the study to determine the implementation of government policies regarding health protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic on the compliance of Street Vendors to using mask in Deli Tua market 2022. The type of research is a descriptive quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. cross section). The number of available samples with 82 samples taken using accidental sampling technique. The data was collected by distributing questionnaires to 82 samples. The data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate using Chi Square test. The results of the Chi Square test show that there is a significant relationship between the implementation of health protocols and compliance to using mask the Street Vendors in the market with a p value of 0.024<0.05. The suggestions to the perpetrators to be willing and able to implement and comply with the protocols that already exist will provide benefits for reducing transmission of the covid-19 virus and also for traders to advise buyers to comply with health protocols to jointly break the chain of transmission of the 19 virus.

IMPLEMENTATION OF TOURISM VILLAGE POLICY IN AGUSEN VILLAGE, GAYO LUES REGENCY

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Qanun policy of Gayo Lues Regency Number 4 of 2016 concerning tourism, one of its contents is about the development, management and services of tourism that must be developed. One of them is the Agusen tourist village, which is located in Agusen village, Blangkejeren sub-district, the development which is still not optimal is a serious problem for the Gayo Lues district government to develop this Agusen tourist village. As for the focus of research from the implementation of local government policies regarding the Agusen tourism village, it focuses on communication, resources, disposition of implementers, bureaucratic structure and obstacles faced by local governments in the development and development of the Agusen tourism village object. This research uses qualitative methods using data collection techniques by observation, interviews and documentation. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the communication that exists between the Gayo Lues district tourism office and the Agusen village government is going well, but the communication carried out with the Agusen village community does not go as desired, the implementation resources in development and development involve several related parties such as the local government agency. tourism in the Gayo Lues district, the Agusen village government, visitors, and the Agusen village community, the obstacles faced from the implementation of this policy are the lack of public awareness of the importance of developing this Agusen tourist village, and the lack of budget to develop and build this tourism object. The suggestion is that the local government and the Agusen village community work together to develop this Agusen tourist village both in terms of infrastructure, services and human resources.

Early phase oncology clinical trials in Malaysia: current status and future perspectives.

Historically, the majority of oncology clinical trials are conducted in Western Europe and North America. Globalization of drug development has resulted in sponsors shifting their focus to the Asia-Pacific region. In Malaysia, implementation of various government policies to promote clinical trials has been initiated over a decade ago and includes the establishment of Clinical Research Malaysia, which functions as a facilitator and enabler of industry-sponsored clinical trials on a nationwide basis. Although oncology clinical trials in Malaysia have seen promising growth, there are still only a limited number of early phase oncology studies being conducted. Hence, the Phase 1 Realization Project was initiated to develop Malaysia's early phase clinical trial capabilities. In addition, the adaptation of good practices from other countries contribute to the effective implementation of existing initiatives to drive progress in the development of early phase drug development set up in Malaysia. Furthermore, holistic approaches with emphasis in training and education, infrastructure capacities, strategic alliances, reinforcement of upstream activities in the value chain of drug development, enhanced patient advocacy, coupled with continued commitment from policy makers are imperative in nurturing a resilient clinical research ecosystem in Malaysia.

Do EU policies constrain government autonomy? Insights from the implementation of EU migration policies

Pressures to comply with EU rules have allegedly eroded opportunities for national governments to adopt policies that they support. Conversely, research into differentiated implementation underlines that governments use their discretion to tailor supranational policies to national contexts. This study addresses these competing arguments using unique data on the implementation of EU migration issues. On the one hand, compliance with EU rules is expected to compel governments to transpose liberal migration policies, even when they favour restrictive measures. However, increased politicisation and differentiated integration are likely to increase governments’ autonomy to pursue restrictive policy preferences during transposition. The findings suggest that the constraining effect of EU policies is conditional on the importance that governments place on immigration issues and differentiated participation in the EU. Thus, it is important to consider both domestic and supranational conditions to understand fully the impact of external constraints on government policy implementation.

PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT MENGENAI PENGAPLIKASIAN 5M PASCA VAKSINASI SEBAGAI PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DI PLUMBON KABUPATEN CIREBON

The government's program in breaking the chain of spread of Covid-19, namely the implementation of the post-vaccination 5M policy (Washing hands, maintaining distance, wearing masks, avoiding crowds, and reducing mobility) is a follow-up effort from the previous movement, namely 3M (Washing hands, maintaining distance, and wearing a mask) which is set by the government in order to deal with cases of the spread of Covid-19. One of the factors causing community compliance in implementing 5M post-vaccination is the individual's perception. This study aims to determine the public's perception of the application of post-vaccination 5M as an effort to prevent covid-19 in the Plumbon, Cirebon Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total of 8 informants. Data were collected using interviews, documentation and observation. Data analysis uses description, reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The validity of the data using triangulation of sources and methods. The results of the study obtained 5 main themes, namely: public knowledge about the covid-19 virus, public description of the covid-19 vaccination, public perception of the post-vaccination 5M policy, the impact of government policy regarding the post-vaccination 5M movement, public compliance with the implementation of government policies. The conclusion of this study is the perception that emerged in the community after vaccination was that 8 informants assumed that after the vaccine was given, they would be immune from Covid-19 transmission, so many of the informants began to ignore the government's recommendation regarding 5M post-vaccination.

Pemberdayaan Kader Posyandu Lansia dengan Pengenalan dan Pelatihan Optimasi Active Aging

Introduction: Efforts to improve and maintain public health including the older adult are carried out based on non-discriminatory, participatory and sustainable principles. The government has formulated various health and social service policies for the older adult aimed at improving the quality of life of the older adult, achieving a happy and efficient old age in family and community life in accordance with their existence. Health and social services at the community level are posyandu for the older adult. The services provided at the posyandu are the spearhead of service in implementing government policies to achieve healthy, independent and efficient older adult people. Objective: Older adult care giver in Pandansari need to be empowered in recognizing the duties and obligations of older adult care giver and posyandu activities that cannot be separated from the concept of active aging, namely healthy, independent, and efficient older adult. Method: Community service has been carried out for 3 days, namely providing education about the efficient and effective posyandu for the older adult, cross-sectoral collaboration, various types of posyandu activities for the older adult, and direct simulation of the posyandu for the older adult. Result: The post-test results showed that 79% of care giver knew about efficient and effective posyandu activities for the older adult, 70% of care giver knew how to measure the older adult's blood pressure, 70% of care giver knew how to calculate BMI, and 72% of care giver knew about older adult gymnastics. Conclussion: older adult Posyandu cadres know their duties and obligations as older adult Posyandu cadres, it is proven that there is an increase in knowledge and skills of older adult Posyandu cadres in carrying out older adult Posyandu activities in supporting active aging (healthy, independent and efficient older adult) in Pandansari Village, Poncokusumo District.

Forest cover changes analysis using Landsat Imageries over Pengabuan Watershed in Jambi Province

The availability of land cover in the form of forest is very important in the watershed system (DAS). The decrease in forest cover and the carbon content stored in a watershed also shows a decline in the quality of the watershed. The research aims to examine changes in land cover that occurred during the last twenty years in the Pengabuan Watershed. Changes in land cover were obtained by classifying Landsat imagery from 1996 to 2017. Classification was carried out using the supervised classification method and visual interpretation and then followed by change detection analysis. The result showed that from 1996 to 2017, secondary dryland forest cover and bare land in the Pengabuan watershed has been declining, the rate of secondary dryland forest decreased by 53.38% (11,186.47 ha / year), the rate of decline in bare land by 1, 26% (264.29 ha / year). Land cover with an increasing area such as settlements at 2.29% (479.24 ha / year), plantation forests at 17.31% (3,626.75 ha / year), dry land agriculture at 1.63% (341, 41 ha / year), plantations at 33.12% (6,940.13 ha / year) and water bodies at 0.30% (62.94 ha / year). Changes in land cover are caused by increased land requirements for various uses and implementation of government policies. Forest cover in Pengabuan Watershed in 2017 only covers 14.1% of the total area of the Pengabuan Watershed (419,114.49 ha). This shows that the minimum coverage of existing forest in this watershed area has not reached 30%. Changes in land use patterns are one factor in causing the decrease of carrying capacity of watersheds. Conversion of forest cover, especially forest areas into plantations, agriculture, bare land and others, has led DAS area vulnerable to the occurrence of floods, erosion, the threat of drought in the dry season, decreased water quality, land productivity and the threat of siltation of the estuary due to sedimentation.

Public administration and political science: From monogamous marriage to professional partnership

Public administration and political science: From monogamous marriage to professional partnership

ANALISIS E-WALLET BERBASIS TAM (TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION MODEL) DI PT TELKOM INDONESIA TBK

<p align="justify">More and more internet users have made actors in the field of technology to continuously create innovations so that smartphone users can make the best use of technology. One of them is by issuing a product called e-wallet which is a trend in carrying out all payment transaction activities and purchasing items. Likewise with PT Telkom which participated in implementing government policies in reducing the use of cash. By using the e-wallet application owned by PT Telkom, this research is focused on the use of TAM-based e-wallet. In conducting this research, the methodology used is by using a qualitative methodology and through a descriptive approach and using data collection techniques through literature studies. There are many benefits and also the convenience of using Telkom's e-wallet or commonly known as t-money. With various features in the application, users can make bill payment transactions as well as purchase train or plane tickets, merchants, and make purchases of electricity pulses or data packages. To be able to win the competition in the business world, PT Telkom must continue to improve the features available in the e-wallet application. That way users can feel the benefits of using the application. This can be used by Telkom to provide testimonials to other users.</p><p align="justify"><strong><span lang="IN">Keyword</span>s</strong><span lang="IN">: Fintech, E-wallet, TAM</span></p>

Responsible Governance in Containing the Spread of COVID-19 in a Developing State

Aim. The study aims to evaluate the government policy implementation in tackling the global pandemic and framing universal policies for responsible governance. It also measures the impact of training interventions and non-training implications in containing the spread of COVID-19 at the grassroots level.
 Methods. The samples were drawn empirically from pathological tests conducted over 23 weeks to precisely examine the success of the State Government's approach in lowering COVID-19 mortality and spread. Through trend analysis, the outcome has been predicted. The study establishes a link between acknowledged ideas and government practices, providing insight into how relevant the implementation of planned state-craft programs is.
 Results. The findings indicated that government-imposed policies account for timely pandemic containment, and even a tiny developing state lacking advanced medical facilities and technology can set an example in combating the epidemic.
 Conclusions. The temporal analysis is based on the inputs acquired from government publications and other sources, allowing us to assess policy initiatives that encompass training interventions and non-training implications as prioritized by the State Government. The paper shows that a good emergency preparedness and response system is needed to prevent huge losses in any sector. This includes the already-struggling health sector, which India needs to put first to avoid more tragedies.