Implementation Of Tactics Research Articles

The Feat of the Gunners of the 3rd Fighter Brigade in Defensive Battles on the Northern Face of the Kursk Bulge

Relevance lies in the need to preserve the historical truth about the events of the Great Patriotic War and one of its most important battles – the Battle of Kursk. Despite the significant historiographical groundwork, the generalization of the experience of fighting in the defense zone of the Central Front troops continues to be actively developed. The retrospective factography of participation in the battles of individual units and formations requires further clarification, researchers should pay attention to the restoration of the destinies and names of the heroes of the summer battles of 1943. Whose example continues to inspire the exploits of modern defenders of the Fatherland.Purpose. On the basis of documentary sources from the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, to reveal the specifics of the organization of defensive battles at Teplov heights by the forces of the gunners of the 3rd fighter brigade.Objectives: to identify and study archival materials about the defensive battles of the 3rd Fighter Brigade on the northern face of the Kursk Bulge; to note the role of gunners in deterring the offensive of German troops on July 5-12, 1943; to determine the behavior of individual servicemen who distinguished themselves during the summer battles, to characterize the problems of establishing their destinies.Methodology. During the research, the author adhered to the principles of objectivity and historicism. The information revealed in the sources was systematized and analyzed, allowing to reveal the problems of using artillery in defensive battles during the Battle of Kursk.Results. The generalization of the experience of combat operations of the 3rd Fighter Brigade during defensive battles on the northern face of the Kursk Bulge indicates a well-thought-out and successfully implemented tactics of using individual artillery units in the organization of anti-tank defense.Conclusion. An example of the courage and bravery of the soldiers of the 3rd fighter Brigade during the battles at Teplovsky Heights testifies to their high moral and volitional qualities, as well as the rational alignment of forces and means at the occupied defense lines, which ensured the successful fulfillment of the combat tasks assigned to the gunners.

Crisis Communication Strategy in the Digital Era at the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia's Directorate General of Taxes

The phenomenon of corruption at the Directorate General of Taxes, Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia is currently in the public spotlight. This study underlines the need of responding quickly to institutional crises through the implementation of digital communication tactics. Failure to respond quickly can make an institution vulnerable to unmanageable attacks. The community aspires to be able to communicate and participate directly in overcoming the situation. As a result, institutions must move from a one-way communication strategy to a two-way interaction model via their official social media channels. A crisis can have a significant impact on public safety, financial losses, reputational harm, and other difficult-to-predict issues, therefore a crisis communication strategy is essential. This research aims to determine DJP's crisis communication strategy. This research uses a case study qualitative method approach at the DJP to obtain accurate information on crisis response. The results of the research show that the agency has had a good crisis management plan and handling since before the crisis occurred; the crisis response and after the crisis have continuously been monitored regularly in various media, from content creation on social media, information on the official website to establishing good relations. with various media both nationally and internationally. DJP is also collaborating with Public Relations service centers in all regional offices and employee advocacy through the institution's official social media account to open as many communication channels as possible so that the public can well receive the message. Statements and firm steps were then disseminated through DJP's social media platforms and official websites to resolve the crisis.

An Exploration of Safety Measures in Hydrogen Refueling Stations: Delving into Hydrogen Equipment and Technical Performance

The present paper offers a thorough examination of the safety measures enforced at hydrogen filling stations, emphasizing their crucial significance in the wider endeavor to advocate for hydrogen as a sustainable and reliable substitute for conventional fuels. The analysis reveals a wide range of crucial safety aspects in hydrogen refueling stations, including regulated hydrogen dispensing, leak detection, accurate hydrogen flow measurement, emergency shutdown systems, fire-suppression mechanisms, hydrogen distribution and pressure management, and appropriate hydrogen storage and cooling for secure refueling operations. The paper therefore explores several aspects, including the sophisticated architecture of hydrogen dispensers, reliable leak-detection systems, emergency shut-off mechanisms, and the implementation of fire-suppression tactics. Furthermore, it emphasizes that the safety and effectiveness of hydrogen filling stations are closely connected to the accuracy in the creation and upkeep of hydrogen dispensers. It highlights the need for materials and systems that can endure severe circumstances of elevated pressure and temperature while maintaining safety. The use of sophisticated leak-detection technology is crucial for rapidly detecting and reducing possible threats, therefore improving the overall safety of these facilities. Moreover, the research elucidates the complexities of emergency shut-off systems and fire-suppression tactics. These components are crucial not just for promptly managing hazards, but also for maintaining the station’s structural soundness in unanticipated circumstances. In addition, the study provides observations about recent technical progress in the industry. These advances effectively tackle current safety obstacles and provide the foundation for future breakthroughs in hydrogen fueling infrastructure. The integration of cutting-edge technology and materials, together with the development of upgraded safety measures, suggests a positive trajectory towards improved efficiency, dependability, and safety in hydrogen refueling stations.

Exploring Teacher Attitudes Towards ChatGPT: A comprehensive Review

This article explores teachers' attitudes towards ChatGPT, a language model created by OpenAI, and its potential implications for education. ChatGPT employs sophisticated machine learning methodologies to produce text replies that simulate human conversations, garnering millions of users in the days following its launch. ChatGPT has several benefits, yet it may encourage academic dishonesty and overuse of chatbots. ChatGPT's human-like answers and academic assignment help raise these concerns. This can boost productivity and help students immediately, but it also increases plagiarism and cheating concerns. Chatbots may also impair student's critical thinking, problem-solving, and autonomous learning. Using ChatGPT as a tool while encouraging academic integrity and self-reliance is vital. Effective implementation tactics, clear instructions, and effective monitoring can minimize these downsides and maximize ChatGPT's benefits in educational contexts. The study utilizes the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework to assess teacher attitudes thoroughly. The framework considers factors such as perceived usefulness, usability, impact on student learning, and concerns about information security and ethical considerations. According to the literature review, teachers acknowledge the capacity of artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT to revolutionize classrooms into social-constructivist learning environments. Even so, there have been expressions of concern regarding time limitations and the necessity for chatbots to encompass subject matters beyond the prescribed curriculum. The student demographic has positively perceived ChatGPT, citing its engaging and beneficial qualities. However, it is also recognized that certain limitations are associated with the platform. The precision of ChatGPT's replies is contingent upon the caliber of the training data, and discrepancies and imprecisions have been detected. However, ChatGPT exhibits the potential to enhance student efficiency and address standardized test inquiries.
 The review article's findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge by offering insights into teachers' attitudes toward ChatGPT. The research underscores the necessity for enhanced faculty training and consciousness to tackle issues related to academic misconduct. Additionally, it provides suggestions for the successful integration of artificial intelligence tools in educational environments, taking into account teachers' viewpoints. By comprehending teachers' perspectives towards ChatGPT, policymakers can formulate guidelines that promote the integration of AI tools in educational settings while also considering teachers' apprehensions. Furthermore, teachers can use discoveries to improve their instructional methodologies and encourage analytical thinking and creativity in student assignments.

Exploring the Association between Levels of Police Presence, Contact, and Perceptions of Police Legitimacy

Our goal was to investigate how increased police presence and contact are related to police-community relations, and whether this relationship may be different for those who are more likely to be subject to targeted policing practices, especially those with preexisting lower procedural justice assessments, living in disadvantaged communities, and having prior experience with the criminal justice system. Increased police presence was related to higher police legitimacy assessments, while low quality contact was negatively associated with police legitimacy. Increased presence and positive contact with the police were related to improved attitudes towards the police for those living in disadvantaged neighborhoods and who had preexisting lower procedural justice assessments. The opposite relationship was found for those living in advantaged neighborhoods with more positive preexisting attitudes towards the police. Implementation of tactics that increase police presence and positive contact with the police could improve police-community relations in neighborhoods that are disadvantaged and have residents that see the police as procedurally unjust.

Опыт хирургического лечения сложного оскольчатого перелома шейки плечевой кости

Abstract. Fractures of the humerus at the proximal part are a common issue in traumatology and orthopedics. The increasing number of injuries, the need for early surgery and rehabilitation require wider implementation of patient-oriented tactics for fractures of the proximal humerus to restore limb function. Surgical treatment of these fractures is a priority, since it creates conditions for the full restoration of the anatomical structures of the segment and the function of the joint. Treatment is aimed at minimally traumatic reduction of proximal humerus fractures, ensuring early function and reducing rehabilitation time. The research purpose is to demonstrate the successful treatment of a comminuted fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus using the osteosynthesis method with a titanium plate with angular stability and screws, supplemented with a cerclage-wire loop, with subsequent restoration of the functionality of the damaged limb. Materials and methods. We use data from the medical documentation of the trauma hospital, data from instrumental research and the results of dynamic observation. A search and analysis of scientific publications was carried out in databases and web resources PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Cyberleninka and the electronic library eLIBRARY. The results were obtained using the equipment of the Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment of Derzhavin Tambov State University. Result. As a result of treatment, consolidation of the fracture was achieved and the function of the upper limb was restored. Conclusion. The use of osteosynthesis with a titanium plate with angular stability and screws, a cerclage-wire loop allows achieving positive treatment results.

Review of the Association between Social Networks and Adolescent Development

Adolescents are consistently exposed to social networks. Considerable discourse has taken place within both the public sphere and the scientific realm regarding the correlation between social network usage during adolescence and the manifestation of both physical and mental health problems. The main object of this study was to do a thorough and systematic evaluation of the available literature that investigates the association between the well-being of teenagers and their social networks. The review incorporated a total of eleven articles. Adolescents who participate in offline social networks demonstrate an elevated degree of impact on their emotional state and feelings of isolation, although their perception of their physical appearance stays unaltered. Receiving affirmative comments and actively seeking social support can elicit a sense of contentment as well as a sense of isolation. The results from a cumulative total of seven studies continuously indicate a notable correlation between the use of online social networks and several dimensions of mental health, including mood, self-esteem, life satisfaction, body image, and overall subjective well-being. The implementation of intervention tactics and educational activities is of utmost importance in effectively addressing the possible risks to subjective well-being that are linked to online social networks among young persons, educators, and parents.

Exploring lesbian adolescence: an analysis of Abha Dawesar’s Babyji

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the advancement of cultural transformation over time demands certain alterations in human perceptions. It also aims to examine the 21st century’s many radical changes in India, the constant legal battles to decriminalize homosexuality, and challenges to the rigid dichotomy between heterosexuality and homosexuality. Besides, it influences popular culture among the masses, which has turned out to create a more visible space for the lesbian community. In India, lesbian literature begins synchronously under the shades of women’s writing and feminism that wires new hopes for their identity.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines a primary text as Indian writer Abha Dawesar’s Babyji (2005). There comes the iconic work of Abha Dawesar’s Babyji (2005), which creates a turning point by introducing the life, inner conflict and turbulence of a teenage girl. In addition, a textual analysis of this novel brings forth an analysis of attributes such as sexuality, gender and the interplay of caste and class that meld lesbian childhood and adolescence. This paper also examines how a lesbian girl adapts to and negotiates her maturation amidst vivid social scenarios and cultural conditioning.FindingsA few studies (Hidalgo, et al., 2013; Bem, 1989; Pyne, 2016) show many children have reached or crossed their teenage life without accurate or affirmative knowledge of sexuality and gender. Parents, teachers and even other intellectuals of the adult world fail to transfer their knowledge effectively to children. Definitely, the relevance of sex education is paramount, but more important is what implementation tactics should be used for the same cause. The point is that sex education should not be condensed into a certain gender or perpetuate parochial discrimination. It needs to adapt an age-appropriate curriculum for the cognitive and emotional development of the individuals. Considering these factors, understanding comprehensive sex education is what is most likely to find sustainable remedies for this matter. Gerald writes about a socialization process and gays and lesbians hiding their identity from family and society; a fear of rejection; there is a social gap in peer and family spheres. These fears prevent lesbian or gay young persons from fully developing their identities (1999). Rao and Mason tested a model derived from minority stress theory in which the perceived impact of Section 377 increases depressive symptoms of sexual minorities by increasing concealment stress, leading to a diminished sense of belonging. Because of their minority status, they are more vulnerable to and have a higher prevalence of mental illness than heterosexual individuals (2018).Originality/valueBabyji has created a discourse to perpetuate normativity and gives importance to the mental health of the excluded lesbian group. It opens a door to studying teenage groups’ issues and their challenges to understanding social and mental issues regarding their identity. A study on this untouched area is required to highlight their issues and mental health problems. This research is an initiative step to create and provide a platform to raise awareness in society.

Modeling approaches to AI integration into public relations in Russia as per comparative research of foreign countries’ experience

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are one of the most significant solutions that can fundamentally change both public relations and the sphere of public legal relations. The goal of the present research is to conduct a comparative analysis of existing approaches to the AI integration into the sphere of public legal relations of foreign countries and Russia, with the subsequent determination of the most effective constructive approaches to the formation of a regulatory policy regarding AI in Russia. This goal is achieved through the study of the following issues: Strategic goal-setting in relation to AI in Russia and other countries; Tactical implementation of AI integration into public legal relations and possible solutions in order to ensure AI decision-making transparency; Model compensatory measures that ensure AI safe integration into public relations in Russia. The object of the study comprises regulatory sources, strategies, and other documents regulating the AI integration into the sphere of public legal relations in Russia and foreign countries, judicial practice examples, and academic publications on the issues under study. The research methodology incorporates a complex of modern philosophical, general scientific, special scientific methods of cognition, including dialectical, systemic, structural-functional, hermeneutic, comparative legal, formal legal (dogmatic), legal modeling methods, and some others. The present research lays special emphasis on the implementation of a comparative legal study of the approaches to and regulation of AI in the public sphere regarding various states experience. The general scientific dialectical method has made it possible to consider the AI position in the legal field from the point of view of the AI regulation variability and trends in the subsequent development thereof, and to substantiate the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches to solve the respective issues, as well. Additional emphasis is also laid on addressing the issues of the applied nature of the AI use in the field of public relations in Russia, taking into account the legal modeling and development of compensatory measures within the authorities’ regulatory approaches.

TACTICS OF OBJECTION IN A POPULAR SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL BLOG

The article is devoted to the functioning of objection as a text-forming technique for creating popular scientifi c medical blogs. It is explained that the most popular tactic for the representation of scientifi c knowledge is clarifi cation. The choice of medical topics is not accidental, traditionally medicine is the fi eld of knowledge that causes actors to demonstrate their competence regardless of education (everyone is a doctor to himself). Hence the importance of objection as one of the forms of interaction with the audience during the deployment of the trajectory of popularization of scientifi c knowledge. Using the example of medical blogs popular with the public on the Dzen platform, the methods of audience involvement based on objection are considered. The analysis allows us to identify three main trends that are in demand in the implementation of objection tactics on popular science channels: dialogization, intellectualization and ironization. The channels themselves were chosen according to the principle of implementing each of these trends. The analysis of empirical material is based on a general scheme: the characteristic of the content of channels is given, a speech portrait of the authors is created, dialogical unities are analyzed. The analysis of dialogical units demonstrates the means of implementing objections are identifi ed: negation means, specifi c union formations, communication blockers, etc. Speech tactics of objection expression, language markers of objection are determined. The objection is considered as the main contact-setting technique, which has a positive eff ect on the popularity of the channel. It is used as one of the possible forms of dialogical interaction, but is deliberately emphasized, brought to the fore, becomes the basis of publications. Moreover, the conclusion of the study was that the objection is a text-forming technique for constructing not only individual dialogical units, but also channels as a whole.

Cross-cultural Communication Strategies for Enhancing Customer Satisfaction in the Travel and Tourism Industry

The travel and tourism sector serves as a global phenomenon that facilitates the connection of individuals from various cultural backgrounds. In order to optimize customer satisfaction within this particular market, it is imperative to possess a comprehensive understanding and genuine appreciation for the cultural variances exhibited by customers. The implementation of cross-cultural communication tactics has the potential to mitigate these disparities and augment client contentment through the establishment of an inviting and all-encompassing atmosphere. The tactics encompass cultural competence training for employees, provision of multi-lingual support, dissemination of information regarding local customs and traditions, and adjustment of communication styles to align with the cultural preferences of customers. Through the implementation of efficient cross-cultural communication techniques, the travel and tourism sector have the potential to enhance customer satisfaction and cultivate favorable relationships with clients hailing from various cultural backgrounds.

Exploring implementation mechanisms of Tactical Urbanism in Jordan

In recent times, there has been a global emergence of tactical and temporary urban interventions as a novel approach to enhancing local neighborhoods with minimal risks. These interventions include various activities in the built environment, such as street art, pop-up shops, urban festivals, gardening, and seasonal markets. This trend has garnered the attention of both scholars and policymakers due to its growing popularity. The academic literature often refers to these interventions as tactical urbanism (TU), pop-up urbanism, temporary urbanism, DIY urbanism, and guerrilla urbanism. This paper examines temporary urban interventions as urban catalysts to further explore their potential in enhancing urban spaces in a Middle Eastern context, focusing on Amman, Jordan. The study employs purposeful critical sampling, semi-structured interviews, and the Urban Catalyst model to identify and categorize the implementation mechanisms of several interventions into tactics and strategies. The research findings suggest a potential outline for strategic and tactical implementation approaches that may support the understanding of the interventions by practitioners, policymakers, and tacticians. The study concludes by highlighting actions that actors can take to manage, experiment with, and utilize tactical and temporary interventions in Amman.

Stakeholders’ involvement in an evidence-based sustainable tourism plan

Sustainable tourism planning is recommended for destination governance to ensure long-term development that balances the impacts of tourism on a community, especially in overtourism contexts. This study examines a sustainable tourism planning process focusing specifically on stakeholder involvement and the use of co-created evidence. A multi-stakeholder involvement management framework (MSIM) for sustainable tourism was applied to examine its fit to a rigorous case study. The study enhances the MSIM framework, featuring three stages from scene-setting, management of stakeholder involvement, to assessment. The new framework details objectives and tools for each step, and influential factors in managing stakeholders’ involvement. A significant enhancement is the extensive incorporation of evidence into the framework for different purposes (eg developing management policies, plan objectives and implementation tactics, evaluating stakeholders’ involvement). Multiple stakeholders participated in producing and using a variety of evidence throughout the planning process to provide a foundation for planning. This study is one of the first in sustainable tourism to examine evidence as a component of a broad framework to manage stakeholder involvement. It shows the usefulness, position, and dynamic of evidence in destination management.

AI-driven Marketing: Transforming Sales Processes for Success in the Digital Age

In the era of digital transformation driven by disruptive technologies, organizations are striving to overcome challenges and enhance customer value through innovative solutions across all business domains. Artificial intelligence (AI) stands out as a pivotal technology expected to significantly influence marketing strategies in the foreseeable future. This paper examines the anticipated role of AI solutions in marketing decision-making across the five stages of the marketing process. Through a systematic review of research articles published from 2020 to 2022, this study identifies and categorizes AI applications in marketing. The applications are then aligned with the five stages of the marketing process: analysis, strategy development, tactical implementation, customer relations management, and value proposition creation. The analysis reveals that current AI applications predominantly focus on understanding and predicting customer behavior in the initial analysis stage and on executing tactical marketing initiatives. The paper concludes with actionable insights for marketing practitioners and suggestions for future research directions.

Mummy berry pseudosclerotia survive for several years.

Organic blueberry production in the PNW has many challenges, including diseases like mummy berry caused by the fungus Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi (Reade) Honey. Management recommendations focus on reducing overwintering pseudosclerotia, however, it is unknown how long they survive. Based on qualitative observations pseudosclerotia are hypothesized to survive multiple years after contact with the soil surface. The development of apothecia from M. vaccinii-corymbosi pseudosclerotia was evaluated over multiple years at a location without a history of blueberry production. A total of 1,000 pseudosclerotia were placed on field soil plots in 2018 and replicated eight times. Another 100 pseudosclerotia were placed in wire corrals on field soil and replicated fifteen times. Plots and corrals were regularly examined each spring for the emergence of apothecia. The pseudosclerotia were able to survive, germinate, and produce apothecia for up to five years after their placement. Very few pseudosclerotia produced apothecia in any year, varying from 0 to 18 at any observed time. Pieces of partial or whole pseudosclerotia were observed for up to three years after placement. Our study shows that a pseudosclerotial "seed bank" exists under blueberry bushes, necessitating a long-term implementation of mummy berry cultural management tactics.

GLOBAL EXPERIENCE OF PUBLIC FINANCIAL CONTROL IN THE PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The relevance of this study lies in the fact that with the transition of the economy to a market model, state control over the legality and rationality of the use of public finance becomes increasingly important. State financial control is an important instrument of the financial mechanism and one of the main means of implementing state financial policy. Its role is to support the successful implementation of financial strategy and tactics, as well as the expedient and efficient formation, allocation and use of financial resources of the state. In the conditions of formation of a market economy, control over the budgetary process is becoming increasingly important due to the need to improve the efficiency ofpublic administration of the whole system offinancial relations. State financial control includes control over compliance with financial legislation, the process offormation and use of state, budgetary and extra-budgetary resources, as well as assessment of the economic efficiency offinancial operations and the targeted nature of public expenditure. This work covers important theoretical and methodological aspects of state financial control and aims to identify the main directions of its development abroad. The paper analyses foreign experience in three areas: general public finance control, parliamentary and government control as well as internal control and internal audit as special areas of financial control.

The Use of Alternative Rooms in Forensic and Regular Psychiatric Units: A Scoping Review.

(1) Background: Emotional regulation, distress and relational conflicts often occur during hospitalization and rehabilitation on psychiatric units, especially in patients suffering from severe and persistent mental disorders. While widely used in children and geriatric patients, little literature exists on the use and outcomes of alternative rooms in the context of forensic and regular psychiatric units for adult patients. Considering the scarcity of the literature on alternative use, this study is motivated by the following research question: what are the main uses and outcomes of alternative rooms in the context of forensic and regular psychiatric units? The main objective of this study is to conduct a scoping review of the use and outcomes of alternative rooms for the context of psychiatric inpatients. (2) Methods: A systematic search was performed in the electronic databases of MedLine, Web of Science, PsycNet (PsycINFO) and Google Scholar from their inception dates until 2022. (3) Results: A total of nine studies were analyzed. Sensory, multisensory rooms, Snoezelen, and comfort rooms are the types of alternative rooms discussed in these studies. Distress and anxiety reduction, increase in self-esteem, impact on seclusion rates, patient-staff communication and alliances, heart and respiration rate reduction, and improvement of alexithymia were identified among the main uses and outcomes of these rooms. (4) Conclusions: The scarcity of literature available to draw information from for this review and possible impact on improving patient outcomes and quality of treatment in psychiatric units opens the door to future studies to better understand the efficacy of such rooms. Research into the ideal implementation tactics of such rooms, long-term outcomes, and the influence on diverse patient demographics could be areas of improvement in the use of alternative rooms.

Языковая реализация персуазивности в политическом дискурсе (на примере парламентских дебатов германского бундестага)

Within the framework of political discourse, language acts as one of the tools of the struggle for power and its functioning is possible due to the implementation of certain strategies and tactics. The aim of the study is to identify and describe the communication tools used by politicians in parliamentary communication to manipulate the consciousness of recipients and to implement image-supporting or image-breaking intentions. The study is novel in that it is the first to consider the tactics of persuasion as a way of modelling the image of parties in two directions, namely, the focusing of the positive aspects of the image of one’s own party and the shortcomings of the opponent’s party or the defocusing of one’s own image shortcomings and the advantages of the competitor. As a result of the study, it was possible to identify a set of linguistic means (grammatical, lexical and stylistic) that serve to implement persuasiveness in institutional debates in order to focus and defocus advantages and disadvantages as basic cognitive operations to maintain and disrupt the image of politicians and the political parties they represent.

Дискурсивная личность политика в жанре американских политических дебатов: интертекстуальные отсылки как средство актуализации дискредитирующих тактик

The aim of the study is to identify the role of intertextual references as a means of implementing discrediting tactics in the discourse of an American politician – presidential candidate. The study is novel in that it is the first to consider intertextual references in media political discourse as an effective tool for the implementation of discrediting tactics based on a three-stage analysis of the discourse of debates within the framework of N. Fairclough’s model. In addition, the scientific novelty of the study consists in identifying the features of the speech behaviour of each of the political figures, including some gender-specific characteristics. In particular, it was found that gender differences between candidates can serve as a basis for the implementation of discrediting tactics. The results showed that the dominant types of intertextual references as a means of implementing discrediting tactics were reference, allusion and quotation. Speech aggression can be considered the leading communicative tone of the discursive personality of a politician participating in the debates. It was proved that the discursive personality of a politician influences the choice and nature of the implementation of communicative tactics.

Examining the Effects of Work-Life Balance on the Psychological and Physical Well-Being of Pastors in the United States

This study intends to investigate how pastors’ psychological and physical health are affected by work-life balance. The study aims to shed light on the difficulties pastors encounter in juggling their personal and professional life and to investigate how this balance affects their general well-being. A mixed-methods strategy is used in the study, including qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys. While quantitative surveys are given to a larger sample to get information on the psychological and physical well-being of pastors, qualitative interviews are done with a selection of pastors to learn more about their experiences with work-life balance. To find themes and patterns relating to work-life balance and its effects, the data gathered from both ways is evaluated. According to the data, pastors struggle mightily to establish work-life balance, which has a detrimental effect on their mental and physical health. The main causes of imbalance were found to be high levels of work expectations, lengthy work hours, and a lack of distinction between work and personal life. The implementation of tactics including establishing boundaries, engaging in self-care, and developing encouraging settings inside religious organizations are suggested. The importance of work-life balance for pastors and its effect on their psychological and physical well-being are highlighted by this study’s result. This study adds to the body of knowledge on work-life balance in the context of the clergy by offering empirical evidence and insights into the difficulties experienced by pastors. The conclusions and suggestions can help religious leaders, decision-makers, and organizations create interventions and support structures that improve pastors’ work-life balance and support their general well-being. Keywords: Work-Life Balance, Work Demands, Life Demands.