Implementation Of Photovoltaic System Research Articles

Photovoltaic system for self-consumption in the El Limón community, Portoviejo, Manabí

A simulation of a photovoltaic system connected to the grid, located in El Limón, in the Portoviejo canton, for self-consumption was carried out to reduce demand during daytime hours. The literature review was used and the PvSyst tool was used, a system with a total capacity of 3075 Wp was evaluated. Various parameters were analyzed, including energy production, system losses, and economic viability. The results indicate an annual production of 4278.52 kWh and a payback period of approximately 3 years, with an average performance of 84.10%. This study provides a detailed view of the performance and financial implications of the implementation of photovoltaic systems in this region.

Social, Environmental and Techno-Economic Impact of Rural Electrification Isolated with Photovoltaic Systems

Objective: To analyze the social, environmental, and techno-economic impact of rural electrification through the implementation of photovoltaic systems in isolated communities, in order to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants and promote sustainable development. Theoretical Framework: Successful cases of off-grid rural electrification with photovoltaic solar energy in Latin America for the economic and social development of isolated communities are reviewed. The drivers and limitations of this technology in Latin America, the cost of energy and the contribution to local development are analyzed to promote its adoption and sustainability. Method: A qualitative documentary method is used to study the social, environmental and techno-economic impact of rural electrification with photovoltaic systems in rural and marginal communities in Latin America, focusing on the case study of the community of Masa 2 in the Gulf of Guayaquil. Aspects such as the adoption of solar systems, implementation costs, benefits for the inhabitants and the need for a management plan to guarantee the sustainability of the systems are evaluated. Results and Discussion: The results of the study show that isolated electrification with photovoltaic systems in the case study has had a positive impact on the development of the quality of life of the inhabitants, allowing access to basic services such as electricity and telecommunications and providing the possibility of receiving virtual classes and entertainment, among other benefits. The need for policies that promote the adoption of photovoltaic technology is emphasized, as well as the importance of considering technical, economic and social aspects to ensure the successful implementation of rural electrification. Research Implications: The paper discusses the importance of implementing photovoltaic systems with management plans, in addition to the positive impact on the quality of life of the inhabitants, economic savings and access to basic services and improving educational opportunities. Originality/Value: The multidisciplinary approach in addressing the social, environmental and techno-economic impact of implementing photovoltaic systems in isolated communities. The study also analyzes the benefits of rural electrification in terms of local development, access to basic services and improvement of the quality of life of the villagers, highlighting the horizontal analysis of the state of losses or gains.

Evaluation and integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems in Albanian energy landscape

As a country situated in a region with abundant solar resources, Albania has enormous potential for using solar energy through photovoltaic (PV) systems. With the energy crisis repeating itself over the years, now more than ever is the moment to assess and fully use this opportunity. This paper studies the current state of PV usage in Albania's energy sector and the opportunities and challenges coming together with this technology. Economic, social, and environmental benefits are discussed, as well as existing policies for renewable energy. It evaluates PV technology's role in the country's sustainable energy transition and analyzes various integration models like net-metering and feed-in tariffs. Successful projects and case studies are highlighted, while challenges such as regulatory complexities and public awareness are discussed. The study also assesses large-scale PV feasibility and emphasizes the need for integrated energy planning. This research aims to offer relevant information to Albanian policymakers, energy stakeholders, and investors to support the effective implementation of PV systems for a cleaner, more sustainable energy future. Furthermore, there is a lack of studies about renewables in Albania's reality. Enhancing the country's energy sustainability and reducing greenhouse gas emissions is important.

Impact of Solar Radiation on Luminaires and Energy Efficiency in Isolated Residential Photovoltaic Systems

This research centers on the implementation of photovoltaic systems in residential applications, coupled with battery-based energy storage, and evaluates their efficiency in generating energy, specifically for lighting in buildings. The methodology hinges on detecting interharmonic signals to characterize potentially disruptive frequencies and identify the origins of various failures. Multiple case studies are presented to validate the method’s efficacy, including one involving fluorescent lamp circuits and another examining variations in solar radiation during the summer season. Real-world experiments are conducted in a residential setting, and the results are thoroughly analyzed. Various types of interharmonic generation behaviors are demonstrated, which are influenced by fluctuations in solar radiation and the appropriate installation of solar panels. The findings reveal that the absence of solar radiation below 300 W/m2 in a photovoltaic system relying on energy storage adversely affects interharmonics in luminaires installed within a residential space.

Harnessing climate variables for predicting PV power output: A backpropagation neural network analysis in a subtropical climate region

This study examines the influence of weather conditions on the electricity production of photovoltaic (PV) panels in the Conghua district, a region in Southern China distinguished by its subtropical mountainous climate. The area's high humidity levels, high temperatures, and substantial rainfall often lead to predominantly cloudy skies, which alter solar irradiation patterns as a result. Utilizing the EnergyPlus simulation tool, the power generation of PV panels on rooftop application was simulated. A structured classification method is adopted to sort out weather conditions into categories of sunny, cloudy, and rainy. Through examining the influence of these varied weather scenarios on power generation, unique factors affecting electricity outputs are identified. As a result, this study illuminates the relationships between potential weather variables and PV power generation across each weather category. Subsequently, a back propagation neural network (BPNN) model is utilized to explore the relationship between weather categories and PV generation. The high coefficient of determination value (R2 > 0.95) from the comparison of simulated and predicted PV generation validates the model accuracy. This research enables the development of updated dataset and enriches the prediction of rooftop PV power generation. It equips designers and owners with a reliable, user-friendly, and real-time tool for PV power generation forecasting, and provides a working platform for PV performance evaluation during the design phase of PV projects. The insights derived from the BPNN model could guide the optimal design and implementation of PV systems in similar climates. Furthermore, these findings advance sustainable energy solutions in regions affected by complex weather patterns.

Factors Hindering Solar Photovoltaic System Implementation in Buildings and Infrastructure Projects: Analysis through a Multiple Linear Regression Model and Rule-Based Decision Support System

Energy plays a predominant role in the development of society. With advancements in technology and the growth of society (buildings and infrastructures), the demand for energy is rapidly increasing. Developing countries typically rely on the import of fossil fuels and capital investments in infrastructure development to meet their energy needs. The execution of solar PV projects in developing countries is currently not being implemented promisingly. Therefore, the determination of the critical success factors hindering the implementation of solar PV projects is the need of the hour. The aim of this study is to determine the factors that hinder the implementation of solar PV projects through the use of a multiple linear regression model (MLRM) and a rule-based decision support system (RBDSS). Seven categories of factors were identified through a detailed literature review and interviews with energy experts. Four hundred and twenty-nine complete responses were collected in total through a questionnaire, and they were analyzed using relative importance indexing (RII) and MLRM and RBDSS approaches. A comparison was carried out against both methodologies to determine the most critical barriers to the implementation of solar PV projects. The findings regarding the MLRM approach showed that the top seven critical factors were economic conditions, encouraging policies, technological knowledge, organizational support, social awareness, market stability, and miscellaneous aspects. Similarly, the results for the RBDSS approach identified that the top seven critical factors were encouraging policies, economic conditions, organizational support, technological knowledge, market stability, social awareness, and miscellaneous aspects. The application of MLRM and RBDSS will help stakeholders in making timely decisions and corrections during the implementation phase, providing a systematic way to support the performance and execution of solar projects.

Evaluation of the Spanish regulation on self-consumption photovoltaic installations. A case study based on a rural municipality in Spain

In European countries, an energy transition towards renewable energies is taking place, promoting self-consumption photovoltaic systems. Some studies point out that the existing regulations and support for photovoltaic systems is still scarce in Spain. This work analyses the penetration of photovoltaic systems and their amortisation in rural areas within the Spanish regulatory framework. For this purpose, an economic decision-making method for the implementation of photovoltaic systems is proposed. This method is based on comparing the possible self-consumption scenarios included in the Spanish regulation and their payback periods. Subsequently, a rural municipality in Spain has been analysed in detail as a case study. Results show that the Spanish regulation on self-consumption does not provide an adequate profitability in rural areas, as the amortisation period with surplus sale is between 16 and 22 years. If the surplus generation is not sold, the payback rises up to 28 years. Therefore, from the economical point of view, photovoltaic generation power plants with surplus sale are more attractive than self-consumption installations, as the payback period is around 12 years. Consequently, a change in the current Spanish regulations is necessary to support individual self-consumption photovoltaic installations, to make them as profitable as photovoltaic generation power plants.

A Comprehensive Review of the Application of Machine Learning in Fabrication and Implementation of Photovoltaic Systems

A Comprehensive Review of the Application of Machine Learning in Fabrication and Implementation of Photovoltaic Systems

The status of implementation of photovoltaic systems and its influencing factors in European countries

AbstractThis paper gives an overview of the status of implementation of photovoltaic (PV) systems among 34 member countries involved in the COST Action PEARL PV in the year 2018. Besides this, influencing factors that have an impact on the implementation of PV systems in each country have been assessed. The implementation of PV systems varies in European countries due to differences in solar irradiation and weather conditions, electricity consumption, national economic situation, and governmental approaches to promote PV. For this paper, data sets covering, among others, numbers installed PV systems, and the variables mentioned above, were collected, processed, and synchronized. Subsequently, relations between data were analyzed by geographic mapping and mutual correlations. The 34 countries evaluated produced together 120 TWh of PV electricity in 2018. It was notable that Germany produced the highest amount (45 TWh) and has the highest share (8.4%) of PV in its electricity generation. Weak correlations were found between the different variables and the gross domestic product, annual global irradiation, number of subsidy schemes, cumulative installed capacity, annual electricity generated by PV, the share of RE, and share of PV. Logically, as expected, strong correlations (R2 = 0.9) were found between the number of inhabitants and the annual electricity production and consumption. From our analysis, we conclude that four different groups of countries can be identified to categorize the usability of PV. One type covers countries with a significant unused PV potential while local–global irradiation is redundantly available, such as Turkey, Spain, Cyprus, Portugal, and Israel.

The Implementation of Photovoltaic System and DC-DC Converter for the Production Process of Hydrogen Gas through Electrolysis

The Implementation of Photovoltaic System and DC-DC Converter for the Production Process of Hydrogen Gas through Electrolysis

Predicting Photovoltaic Electrical Power Generation Using Computational Method

One of the most popular kinds of renewable energy in the generation of electric power is the photovoltaic (PV) system. One of the disadvantages of the PV system however is the incompatibility of the performance of PV panels because of the changing climate. Therefore, the optimum power output of the PV system is important to predict. This study will cover the implementation of PV system behind the Faculty Electrical and Electronic Engineering Block QA Building, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. Then, the PV power output is predicted with manual calculation. Temperature and solar irradiance are the important input parameters that need to be taken into the calculation. The result shows that February and March have the highest total power output which 7155203.97 kWh and 7395327.66 kWh than any other month in year 2020. The results can relate with Qur’an, as explained in Surah Yasin ayat 38, ‘besides science and the Qur’an both explain that the sun can be made as calculation of time’.

Power Management of Solar PV Systems for PEER Load

The demand for integration of solar-based photovoltaic (PV) system to meet the energy need of residential buildings is growing very rapidly. However, the energy management system of these buildings has become an emerging area of research due to the rapid implementation of PV systems. The objective of this article is to propose an intelligent controller to share power generation of two PV sources for energy supply in buildings. The control is implemented using an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system. The proposed methodology is developed with two different rooftop PV systems to achieve sharing of generated power as per the load profiles. The proposed design has better utilization of PV system installed in a residential area, and the results depict the maximum utilization of solar power.

Monitoring of photovoltaic systems and evaluation of building energy self-consumption

The spread of nearly zero energy buildings (nZEB), promoted by the strategies set in the path of decarbonisation, has made the integration of renewable energy systems (RES) in buildings a common and strategic practice; in particular, they most involve small to medium building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems coupled with heat pumps (HPs). One major challenge deals with the implementation of high self-consumption (SC) schemes for the energy produced on site, essential to carry on a wider implementation of photovoltaic systems. The present paper addresses the effect of different sizing strategies on the SC levels of 3 systems installed on traditional and nZEB houses, with a peak power between 3.12 kWp and 5.98 kWp. The systems have been monitored recording the various energy flows involved. Different optimization strategies have been tested with the purpose of minimizing the interaction with the grid, according to SC and self-sufficiency (SS) indexes. The aim is to provide design guidelines for the correct sizing in a bottom-up approach. Results underlined the fundamental role of storage technologies. Approximately 6 Wp/m2 assure an optimal energy employment without storage, with SS index below 35%: the integration of small storage, 3-7 kWh/kWp leads to SS and SC index above 60% and 88% respectively.

Degradation analysis of installed solar photovoltaic (PV) modules under outdoor conditions in Ghana

Photovoltaic (PV) module degradation rate depends on technology, manufacturer and environmental conditions. This makes it challenging to transfer the results of degradation analysis from one country to another. Thus, the increase in deployment of PV systems in Ghana makes degradation analysis a necessity. This study quantified the degradation rates and predicted the lifetime of 16 PV systems of different module technologies and age groups installed in different locations under outdoor conditions in Ghana to provide a better understanding of the long-term behavior of installed PV systems in Ghana. It presented the frequency distribution of output power degradation of different PV module technologies, estimated their power degradation rates, and predicted and compared the lifetime of these technologies. The country was grouped into three strata and 104 PV modules of different technologies which were older than 5 years were selected from 16 PV systems in these strata, depending on availability and accessibility. The electrical parameters of the PV modules were measured by current–voltage (IV) tracing. The results revealed that crystalline silicon modules degraded less than amorphous silicon. The median and mean power degradation rates of, monocrystalline silicon were 1.23%/year and 1.37%/year respectively, polycrystalline silicon were 1.35%/year and 1.44%/year respectively and, amorphous silicon were 1.65%/year and 1.67%/year respectively. Overall, the median and mean predicted lifetime of the PV systems (crystalline and amorphous silicon) were 14 year and 16 years respectively but the median lifetime of both monocrystalline and polycrystalline modules was 16 years while that of amorphous was 13 years. It was predicted that 50% of PV modules studied would fail before 15 years, indicating that most of the PV modules in Ghana are unlikely to operate for the 25 years warranty, signifying less power output and shorter lifetime of the modules which could discourage the widespread implementation of PV systems in Ghana.

Photovoltaic systems in residences: A concept of efficiency energy consumption and sustainability in brazilian culture

The production of energy can generate environmental impacts due to related factors such as the use of fossil fuels for a mechanical generation or even by flooding to reservoirs. The relevance of the subject refers to the strong urgency of better methods for optimization in the Brazilian energy sector, such as distributed generation, which is the focus of the research. Considering the concern with efficient energy consumption and sustainability, this work identifies potential aspects for the implementation of photovoltaic systems in residences. The applied method approach: a comprehensive literature review; institutional government sources and information provided by energy companies; two questionnaires involving specialists and decision makers limited to the residential sector; the Analytical Hierarchical Process as a tool to assist in the decision making of the identified aspects and a case study. As a result, six most relevant aspects were obtained, “lack of knowledge about the topic”; “lack of priority”; “cultural”; “standardization of standards”; “lack of influencers” and “costs”, divided into two classification groups, internal and external factors, and energy savings of 50% monthly in the case study compared to the tariff paid for the conventional concessionaire. Through the identification of the most important aspects of solar photovoltaic systems in residences, it was possible to propose guidelines: the dissemination of the solar source in schools; the standardization of standards between states and a national standard for photovoltaic solar energy with a scope similar to ISO 50001 (energy management systems - requirements with guidelines for use); correct dimensioning of the system and management of energy consumption demand.

Angström-Prescott empirical model to estimate solar radiation in Norte de Santander, Colombia

The document shows the application of the empirical Angström-Prescott model in different places in Norte de Santander, Colombia. The model estimates solar radiation from hours of sunlight, at a site where brightness and solar radiation are measured. The data were obtained from the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies, IDEAM; algorithms were developed in RStudio to process and analyze the information. The model establishes a linear relationship between solar radiation and the hours of sunlight, in a specific geographic location. Therefore, regression analyzes were performed for three different sites, using historical records of brightness and solar radiation, obtaining the R-squared coefficients of: 0.73, 0.78, and 0.42. The models were then extrapolated to nearby regions with solar brightness records, but without solar radiation data, to obtain an estimate of radiation at these locations. Finally, a database was created with monthly average information on solar radiation for various subregions of Norte de Santander, which can be used for the design and implementation of photovoltaic systems.

Impactos energéticos e ambientais do uso de sistemas solares fotovoltaicos para carregamento de carros elétricos em postos de abastecimento no Brasil

Esse trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre o aproveitamento da energia solar para carregamentos de carros elétricos com objetivo de avaliar a economia de energia elétrica para Sistema Interligado Nacional (SIN) e a redução de gases do efeito estufa pela implantação de sistemas fotovoltaicos on-grid em postos de recarga no Brasil. Para o abastecimento diário de dois veículos modelo Caoa Cherry Arrizo 5e com recarga de bateria de 50kW durante o período de uma hora, realizou-se o dimensionamento de sistemas on-grid para todos os postos de cada estado do Brasil, cadastrados na Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP), considerando dados das capitais brasileiras. Os cálculos do dimensionamento resultam em uma economia para o SIN por meio de geração distribuída de 1.436.683 MWh/ano de energia produzida pelos postos de abastecimento. No quesito ambiental, verifica-se com uma redução nas emissões de gases do efeito estufa de 107.751,24 toneladas de por ano. As conclusões obtidas por meio da análise dos resultados evidenciam os benefícios alcançados com a implantação dos sistemas.

Design and Implementation of Photovoltaic System Based on Super-Lift LUO Converter

The battery’s DC voltage has a high voltage ripple, and therefore does not apply to most devices. DC converters are used in the voltage to relieve ripples regardless of the change in load voltage. In this paper, a design and implementation of positive output super lift POSL LUO converter using maximum power point tracking (MPPT) Algorithm in photovoltaic (PV) system. In LUO converter is highly efficient with low ripple in current and voltage. The super lift converter is a developer converter that comes from the buck boost converter, it is considered of the best converters. Used for low voltage irregular in photovoltaic to a higher voltage without ripples or voltage step down according to the design of the converter, it therefore applies to most devices, such as electric vehicles, dc-chargers, etc. The efficiency of the panels can be improved using maximum power point tracking algorithm, among the many accessible MPPT methods, perturb and observe method. The proposed P&O method based on the PI controller gives the best duty cycle, to eliminate the oscillations in the converter output value, and extracts the highest energy from the PV system. The values of the PI controller are adapted by trial and error method. The results were confirmed using MATLAB / Simulink in DC-DC converter design with MPPT.

New approach to evaluating predictive models of photovoltaic systems

Performance models are used for forecasting the energy output of photovoltaic systems. The ability of a model to accurately predict the output must be carefully assessed because the capital cost for photovoltaic system implementation is tied to the reliability of the forecast. The customary approach to model evaluation is based on the root-mean-square-error, mean-absolute-error and mean-bias-error. The values of these statistics strongly depend on the scale of the quantities they compare and, therefore, can be misleading.This paper presents a multifaceted approach to model evaluation, comprising qualitative and quantitative assessment, thus increasing the reliability of the evaluation outcome. The qualitative assessment is based on graphical residual analysis. The quantitative assessment is based on two new, scale independent, metrics. The results show good agreement between the outcomes of the qualitative and the quantitative assessment, when it is done with the new metrics, but a discrepancy between the two, when the traditional metrics are used. The new metrics can be used to assess the forecasting accuracy of different performance models of the same photovoltaic system as well as to compare the accuracy of models of different systems. The new approach is applied in the evaluation of models of two photovoltaic systems and the results are compared with the results that would have been obtained, had the customary metrics been used.

Energy Savings on an Industrial Building in Different Climate Zones: Envelope Analysis and PV System Implementation

The energy market in Mexico is facing changes due to the incorporation of clean energy certificates (CEL) on the Electric Industry Law (LIE, Ley de la Industria Electrica). One of the aims is to increase the percentage of clean energy use in the national energy matrix. Consequently, the integration of energy efficiency strategies prior to the incorporation of renewables has become essential at different levels. Industrial buildings have significant heat gains and losses through the envelope, mainly due to their vast surface and simple construction systems. This work analyses the typical envelopes of industrial buildings in Mexico and the effect of industrial rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems over the annual energy consumption. It was found that for temperate climates, the best option would be to insulate the roof. For cities with warm climates, the best approach is to implement a cool roof on a non-insulated layer or to simply insulate the roof. Additionally, the industrial buildings with metallic roofs situated in warmer climates would benefit the most from the implementation of rooftop PV systems. After all, the results point out that the decrease in the required CELs would not influence the savings.