Implementation Of Innovative Solutions Research Articles

INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS PROCESSES THROUGH OPTIMIZATION OF VEHICLE CONTROL SYSTEMS

With the growth of production volumes of transport products, the effective management of the logistics costs of the enterprise forces us to look for new approaches in the management of enterprise resources. Logistics costs are directly dependent on logistics operations in the supply chain. Optimizing the logistics costs of an enterprise in the new competitive environment involves the search and implementation of innovative solutions in the field of transport technologies. The article discusses the development of methods for improving the efficiency of transport and logistics processes by optimizing the logistics costs of the enterprise, through the optimization of vehicle control systems.
 Purpose – development of a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of ISAS.
 Method or methodology of the work. The article used mathematical and statistical methods of analysis.
 Results. The most informative parameters for evaluating the functioning of ISAS were determined, which should include a calculated assessment of power, economic, environmental and reliability indicators for various control modes or their combinations, as well as for various operating modes.
 Scope of the results. Applied research in the field of evaluating the effectiveness of transport and logistics processes; carrying out research work aimed at creating new science-intensive technologies for optimizing transport and technological systems.

Роль креативного менеджменту у формуванні творчого потенціалу підприємства

Modern business trends create new requirements for the use of innovative tools for searching and generating ideas in order to increase the efficiency of enterprises. It is creativity that contributes to the personal and professional self-development and self-improvement of the company’s employees. Analyzing the research of recent years in the field of management, it can be emphasized that in order to achieve important organizational results, such as innovation, growth and management success, it is creativity that is important. Key industries in the creative economy include: advertising, architecture, arts and crafts, design, fashion, film, video, photography, music, performing arts, publishing, research and development, software, computer games, electronic publishing, television and radio. The era of informational and intellectual development became the era of the XXI century, which was marked by the transition from rationality to creativity. The concept of the “creative class” offers a new way of understanding the mechanisms of wealth creation. In the period of the “post-industrial” economy, the new driving forces of economic development are the “super creative core” (including artists, designers) and “creative professionals” (including managers, lawyers). Organizational management is complex and multidimensional in nature. It combines a number of elements, activities and processes aimed at achieving the organization’s goals. Amidst a rapidly changing business landscape, organizations are moving forward from the classic criteria of cost and performance to integrating creativity and innovation for overall efficiency. Such integration involves the study and implementation of concepts at different functional levels of management for the development of the creative potential of enterprises. Development of creative solutions at the enterprise involves market research and analysis, generation of new ideas, evaluation of alternatives and implementation of innovative solutions. Creative management is what is needed in the 21st century in order for the business to stay afloat and maintain its competitive advantage. The main skill that managers are looking for in skilled workers today is creativity. Creativity management ensures the development of an individual's creative skills, his ability to generate fundamentally new ideas and bring them to a concrete result. That is why the achievement of the goals and objectives of creative management requires improvement of the tools for the development and implementation of innovative solutions.

Отраслевая инновационная политика как совокупность стратегических инструментов и механизмов инновационного развития

The article considers methodical approaches to the development and implementation of innovation policy in Russia. It introduces an analysis of the current state of domestic sectoral innovation policy, its regulatory and legal framework, levels, institutions, criteria, and performance indicators. The author believes that the low innovation activity of economic agents in Russia is caused by the poor theory and methodology of innovation policy, which also affects the innovative potential of the domestic economy. The current sectoral mechanisms of support and implementation of innovative solutions is also ineffective. The author reviewed available publications on innovation policy and various strategic documents, as well as analyzed the foreign experience of sectoral innovation policy. The paper also contains a diachronic analysis of the innovation policy in Russia. The author developed a matrix approach to innovation policy mechanisms in terms of levels, strategic perspectives, and implementation. This simple and visual three-vector matrix provides an efficient analysis of mechanisms of sectoral innovation policy.

СПОЖИВАЦЬКА ЛОЯЛЬНІСТЬ ЯК МАРКЕР ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ СТРАХОВОГО БІЗНЕСУ В УМОВАХ ДІДЖИТАЛІЗАЦІЇ СТРАХОВОГО РИНКУ

Introduction. The deep dissemination of information technologies into all spheres of social life, including economic life, was caused by fundamental changes in the marketing environment due to the introduction of the latest tools and approaches in the formation of relationships with customers. Insurance companies are no exception in this matter, and they consider, first of all, the use of digitization processes in most business processes as a driver of their development, in particular, when maintaining the client portfolio. By the way, the latter has always been in the center of attention of insurers, and not only in conditions of widespread digitalization of the company's business processes. The purpose. The purpose of the article is to research the development of digital insurance services and identify the set of business processes of an insurance company to ensure consumer loyalty in the conditions of digitalization of the insurance business. Results. The article examines the current level of Internet use and the latest communication channels and proves that the digitalization of the main sectors of the economy will lead to the transformation of the business model of the functioning of insurance companies. Differences between digital insurance services and traditional ones are systematized based on: time availability; service format; service provision environment; level of confidentiality; office interaction; operating costs. It is well-founded that digital insurance services and the growing individualization of customer preferences will form a loyal consumer. A set of business processes of the insurance company (sales and after-sales service; settlement of losses; marketing and marketing communications; data analysis; IT support; legal and organizational support) was formed within the framework of the consumer loyalty program in order to ensure the efficiency of the insurance business. The main directions of increasing consumer loyalty in the conditions of digitalization of the insurance market are proposed. Conclusions. So, the latest technological solutions and the modern world are mutually complementary components, therefore those insurers who actively implement innovative solutions to increase the efficiency of their activities and maximize income will have rapid and sustainable development. Continuous improvement is the life philosophy of any insurance company that seeks to function successfully in a risky environment. In this aspect, consumer loyalty in the conditions of insurance market digitalization is characterized by greater significance compared to the traditional format of the organization of the insurance business. At the same time, the loyalty of the existing client base is a powerful competitive advantage and a guarantee of the effectiveness of the insurance business.

INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS OF DEVICES WITHIN THE SCOPE OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION APPLIED IN VARIOUS BRANCHES OF TRANSPORT

One of the priorities of the EU economy is to create the best possible conditions for the design and implementation of innovative solutions within the scope of energy efficiency. In recent years, there has been quick technological progress in the field of devices having controlled motor drive used for air purification, and from heating plates, which are applied in the eating places, including restaurants and zones for preparing meals in various means of transport. The research conducted by the EU on EcoDesign requirements showed that range hoods at the stage of their use have a considerable potential of saving energy. The introduction of energy efficiency labels to the market has improved the energy efficiency of these devices and accelerated the transformation of the market to implement energy-saving technologies, which according to the experts, may lead to an annual primary energy saving of 27 PJ/year in 2021, which may increase in 2030 to 60 PJ/year. The authors of this publication researched the fluid dynamic efficiency of a selected range hood, showing the necessity of investments in new technologies. Patented original solutions of the range hoods that can be applied, among others, in such means of transport as passenger ships, cargo ships, and submarines having a zone for preparing meals were presented in this article. An environmental aspect in the context of energy consumption was shown during the phase of using the device for air purification, providing many premises and arguments for future constructional solutions for energy management in various branches of transport and more.

Risks of Innovation in the Architectural Design Process in Egypt: An Investigative Study

Achieving sustainability in construction projects is becoming an increasing priority worldwide. Being one of the crucial phases of the construction process, the design process plays a major role in achieving the goals of sustainability. Adopting innovative design solutions is a promising way of enhancing the sustainable performance of buildings. However, the implementation of innovative solutions is risky and needs to be managed carefully to avoid failure. Due to the increasing number of construction projects being developed in Egypt and because of the need to achieve the Sustainable Development Strategy (SDS) 2030, adopting innovative solutions became an essence. Accordingly, this research aims to investigate the risks associated with innovative solutions during the design process. In order to achieve this aim, a research methodology consisted of literature review and case studies was designed to achieve three objectives. First, to build a comprehensive background about the research topic including the concepts of sustainability, innovation and innovation risks, and the design process. Second, depict the relationship between innovation risks, the architectural innovation aspects, architectural design process and sustainability aspects. Final, present and analyze three case studies to explore the innovation management strategies adopted to overcome the risks associated with the adopted innovation solution.

Role of Human Capital in the Process of Creation and Implementation of Innovative Solutions

Role of Human Capital in the Process of Creation and Implementation of Innovative Solutions

Cluster Analysis of the Expenditures for Environmental and Technological Innovations in Sustainable Development Policy Formation

The major task of the present work is to identify the main problems of cluster analysis on environmental and technological innovations in the formation of regional sustainable development policy, as well as modeling the expenditures for technological and environmental innovations. The number of innovative enterprises increases rapidly, and they are developing at a rapid pace. Measures to reduce the impact on the environment, such as improving technological equipment, recycling waste, implementing technologies aimed at preserving natural resources, creating new types of products with long service life and the possibility of recycling, employing advanced purification technologies, etc. will require in the vast majority of cases not only financial expenditures but the implementation of innovative solutions.
 The authors are intended to study out and optimize this work and improve the research framework.

Regional Open Innovation Systems in a Transition Economy: A Two-Stage DEA Model to Estimate Effectiveness

The development of innovation at a regional level in a transition economy is characterised by complex multidirectional processes of generating and commercialising innovation, indicating the need for systematic research and rethinking of the existing methods of managing such territorial entities to stimulate innovation. For the successful introduction and implementation of innovative solutions, the deployment of appropriate amounts of intellectual, material and financial resources as well as their concentration in space and time is important. This article aims to develop a model for assessing the effectiveness of regional innovation systems (RISs) during the shift from the transition economy to the market economy. The authors developed a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model connected with patent activities and the output of innovative goods and services. The model’s application made it possible to build maps describing the rating of regions concerning the performance indicator and to identify the availability of unutilised resources. For example, we identified efficient and inefficient regions in terms of producing innovative products, which is especially important for developing additional measures for developing the institutional environment of regions with considerable resources but very low utilisation efficiency. The data obtained will allow for more effective management of the structural elements of RISs as well as the detection of changes in the dynamics of key development indicators by identifying the size of efficiency reserves and the causes of their occurrence at the individual subject level.

Strategies of European Energy Producers: Directions of Evolution

The article presents an innovative method of analyzing energy companies’ strategies, which aims to identify the strategic orientation of the entities subject to the research and, thus, to initially define the directions of strategic changes in the analyzed sector. The aim of the research, the results of which were used in this publication, was to identify the features of energy sector companies’ strategies in the European Union in the period of sector transformation caused by the new climate policy. The analysis area is the energy sector, i.e., the sector whose fundamental strategic goal is energy production. The research used a critical analysis of the subject literature and desk research method with the use of the researchers’ own analytical equipment, developed for the needs of this analysis. It was assumed in the conducted research that the primary source of information in the empirical study, the information subject to subsequent analysis, was the analysis of official documents (strategies, financial reports, etc.) posted on the websites of the surveyed corporations. The research results indicate the dominance of the resource-based approach in implementing strategic postulates of the surveyed companies. Nevertheless, the operational activity focuses on the implementation of innovative solutions towards decarbonization and climate neutrality.

INNOVATION VOUCHERS AS A MODERN FINANCIAL TOOL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMES

The subject of the study is innovation vouchers as a modern tool to support "green" SME projects. Innovation vouchers are financial instruments that perform a number of functions for the development of SMEs. They can stimulate its cooperation between research institutes or universities in the development of innovations and implementation of innovative solutions. It can become an alternative more effective tool for the use of public funds. Innovation vouchers formed the basis of financial support for the implementation of the development strategy of the region in the context of smart specialization. In the countries of the Eastern Partnership, such tools are only part of the practice, while the OECD countries have been actively using them for more than 10 years. In this regard, it was decided to analyze existing SME support programs using innovation vouchers in OECD countries and to give practical recommendations for the implementation of foreign experience in the development of SME support policies in the Eastern Partnership countries. The main method of research is the analytical method. A critical analysis of the scientific literature and policy documents helped form the concept of the use of innovation vouchers by SMEs. The study analyzed 47 programs to support SMEs with innovation vouchers, which operated for 12 years (from 2008 to 2020). Both quantitative indicators (total value of the program with innovation vouchers, maximum voucher value, etc.) and qualitative data (target group, directions of innovation financing) were taken into account. Classification features of innovation vouchers, their target audience, distribution of programs among target group participants (SMEs, companies of different ages, universities, state research institutes, microbusinesses, incubators, gas pedals, science parks, etc.), cost of vouchers, validity of innovation vouchers were determined. The main conclusion may be that when introducing innovation vouchers as tools to support micro-, small- and medium-sized businesses, it must be taken into account that the circle of knowledge providers must be broad (it may include private and public research organizations, universities, and other relevant types of providers). The requirement for co-financing needs to be met as well in order to reduce the risks of inefficient use of funds. In addition, support for innovative enterprises should be broadcast at all levels: local and national. The following target stakeholder groups can benefit from the results of the study: research institutes, universities, SMEs, policy makers, government, NGOs involved in innovation support, etc.

Experimental techniques in the wind tunnel of naval architecture faculty

The implementation of innovative solutions in the field of shipbuilding requires the continuous development of research infrastructure. The hydro-aerodynamic problems of fluid flow around the hulls can be solved with numerical and/or experimental techniques. In any case, the validation of the numerical solutions is performed in specialized hydro-aerodynamic laboratories by means of the experimental model tests. In this context, a wind tunnel was developed at the Naval Architecture Faculty of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, in order to measure the aerodynamic forces and moments or the speed and pressure distribution on the hull, generated by the wind action. This paper presents the most important types of problems that can be experimentally approached in the aerodynamic tunnel and the specific experimental equipments. The wind tunnel development was financed from the university funds.

Service Sector Productivity in the European Union Member States

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the level of EU service sector productivity. Design/Methodology/Approach: Three research methods were used: overview and critique of literature in the field of described subject, monographic method (using an analysis of secondary data) and statistical method using descriptive statistics (arithmetic average, standard deviation). Productivity research concerned sectors of EU countries during 2008-2016 in terms of indicators. Countries were classified using factors such as scale of production, labour productivity and fixed asset productivity. In the mentioned period the dynamic and the level of these factors were determined. Findings: The results allowed the positive verification of the proposed research hypothesis. Service sectors of countries with lower economic and social growth (production potential) were characterized by a higher level of productivity of fixed assets. Such countries included: Cyprus, Denmark, Greece, Bulgaria. At the same time, it was noted that the highest indicators of productivity were present in: Luxembourg, Denmark, Ireland and, for labour productivity, also Bulgaria, Greece, Cyprus. Practical Implications: Practical recommendations is important especially in countries with indices at a low level. They are particularly at risk of relatively low competitiveness compared to other EU countries. Good practices aimed at preventing this could include stimulating innovation in service enterprises, e.g. regarding the implementation of innovative solutions. Originality/Value: Productivity is regarded as one of the features that impact competitiveness, which has the important role in the blobalised world economy. Moreover, the issue of productivity in the service sector is a less popular topic than the same issue concerning the industrial sector. Lastly, findings and conclusions from this paper, may inspire researchers to conduct in-depth research of the productivity issues, for example: a combination of a study of the service sector productivity with the innovation potential as well as its innovativeness and quality.

Social entrepreneurship governance as an innovative form of doing business

Introduction. This paper is devoted research to the social entrepreneurship. The research: the nature, classification, business structure, problems and prospects management of social entrepreneurship. Social entrepreneurship is a relatively new instrument that, through the application of innovative entrepreneurial income generation concepts, addresses both local and state social challenges. Social entrepreneurship signals the imperative to drive social change, and it is that potential payoff, with its lasting, transformational benefit to society, that sets the field and its practitioners apart. The purpose of the paper is to improve the definition of "social entrepreneurship" as an innovative mechanism for doing business, to determine the classification characteristics of such enterprises and the formation of approaches to optimal management of them with the achievement of a certain social effect. Results. The paper defines the concept of "social entrepreneurship" as a tool for solving existing social problems on an innovative basis using the principles of creativity and self-sufficiency. The necessity of using the institution of social entrepreneurship for the development, financing and implementation of innovative solutions in terms of social, cultural or environmental problems is proved. The main features of social entrepreneurship are highlighted. The features of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine are investigated and the main problems that impede the spread of social entrepreneurship are identified, ways of solving them are proposed. Conclusion. The determining factor in the growth of social entrepreneurship is social pressure, which encourages people to do something for society, but, at the same time, does not exclude the factor of monetary gain, without which it is difficult to survive in this world. The necessity of forming a legislative mechanism for the regulation of social entrepreneurship is justified. For the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine needs to create an extensive legislative framework regulating social entrepreneurship; increasing the state's role in financing social projects in the initial stages; informing the public and authorities about the role and activities of social entrepreneurs.

Innovative mechanisms in the financial accounting system of the enterprise

The relevance of the subject matter of scientific research is determined by the importance of introducing innovative solutions in the activities of modern enterprises in various sectors of the economy in general and the need for a detailed study of various aspects of the impact of innovative mechanisms in ensuring the full functioning of the financial accounting systems of the enterprise in particular. In this context, the purpose of the study is to investigate the role and functions of innovative mechanisms in the financial accounting system of an enterprise, regardless of its field of activity, with an assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of such innovative mechanisms and methods. The leading approach in this study is the method of system analysis, which allows performing a structured review of various aspects of the subject matter, in terms of identifying the main patterns of implementation of innovative solutions and mechanisms in the activities of the financial accounting system of the enterprise. The results of this study reflect the essence of the research performed and clearly demonstrate the sequence of development and subsequent implementation of innovative mechanisms in the activities of the relevant systems of modern enterprises; the final conclusions of this study are formulated based on the obtained results. The results and conclusions of this study are of significant practical value for specialists working in the financial accounting system of enterprises, regardless of their specific affiliation to certain areas of economic activity, in terms of providing a qualitative understanding of the need to introduce innovative mechanisms in the financial accounting structures of these enterprises, in order to reduce unjustified losses in the activities of these enterprises and increase the overall level of their economic efficiency in the current economic situation.

Rethinking the role of law in adapting to climate change

AbstractThe article evaluates the role of law in adaptation over the past decade. We track the emergence of international adaptation law within the climate and non‐climate regime, alongside increasingly dire extreme events and strident scientific consensus. Examining the growth in national and subnational laws for adaptation, we reflect on the role of framework legislation and legal mechanisms used in sectoral laws. Based on progress over the past decade, we outline how the role of law can be enhanced and accelerated in the decade ahead. We identify important trends in adaptation law and consider the potential for these innovations to drive future adaptation: the sheer growth in priority and volume of laws directed towards adaptation; the intersection of adaptation with other policy domains, especially disaster risk reduction; the need for improved architecture for funding adaptation; and the important role of strategic litigation. Largely absent from the past decade of adaptation law reform is evaluation of effectiveness, or examples of systemic reform that addresses underlying causes of vulnerability. With slow progress in implementing transformational adaptation law reform, we identify five design principles for adaptation laws. The design of laws must (1) be responsive to change; (2) address equity dimensions of climate change; (3) implement innovative solutions; (4) maximize co‐benefits; and (5) establish processes for managing trade‐offs.This article is categorized under:Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Institutions for Adaptation

Barriers to the implementation of innovations in information systems in SMEs

Abstract Information management and information flow is an important element in the strategy of developing and running a company. The need to supervise information makes it necessary to implement numerous innovations that improve the method of information management correlated with the proper reception, selection and analysis - in both external and internal information flow. This paper presents the results of research that allowed for the assessment of barriers that arise during the implementation of innovative solutions in small and medium-sized enterprises (service MSEs). On the basis of the conducted research, it was found that the mental barrier is not always crucial from the point of view of modern technologies implementation. And the determination to implement information management innovations may be forced by the necessity of the document exchange acceleration. The success of innovative solutions e.g. in the financial services industry (in SMEs) is closely related to the technological capabilities of the enterprise - the technological barrier is crucial in this type of enterprises. Especially, taking into account the assumption that employees are highly motivated to implement new products.

System gospodarki odpadami – ocena i analiza zadowolenia i świadomości mieszkańców Krakowa

Objective: The article evaluates waste management in Cracow, indicating the strengths and weaknesses of the city’s waste collection system as well as the preferences and expectations of residents vis-a-vis the implementation of innovative solutions in this area. The article discusses the problem of waste segregation, the relevant infrastructure and the possibility of implementing smart city solutions for efficient management, thus improving the efficiency of waste management in the city.Research Design & Methods: The subject literature, legal acts and the results of proprietary surveys and statistical data are analysed.Findings: The analysis of statistical data showed that still half of the municipal waste generated in Cracow is not segregated. At the same time, the vast majority of Cracow’s citizens maintain that they segregate their waste. As research has shown, however, they lack the appropriate knowledge to do it correctly. Research results also suggest that the city’s waste management system requires improvements in numerous areas.Implications / Recommendations: The survey results suggest that Cracow’s waste management system requires improvements, both in terms of citizen awareness about the principles of proper waste segregation, and efficient collection within the city.Contribution: The research helps systematise knowledge about the principles of waste management in Cracow. The article also supplements information on residents’ opinions on identifying possible bottlenecks in the waste management system and the solutions they would like implemented to meet their expectations.

БАНКІВСЬКЕ КРЕДИТУВАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН, ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ШЛЯХИ РОЗВ’ЯЗАННЯ

The article presents an analysis of the current state of bank lending in Ukraine, identifies current problems and outlines possible directions for their solution. The assessment of bank lending at the present stage is carried out by analyzing the dynamics of basic indicators of bank lending: the volume of bank lending; the share of foreign currency loans; the structure of gross loans to households for their intended purpose; interest rates on new loans; the share of non-performing loans in bank portfolios. The defining problems of bank lending development are systematized and justified, taking into account changes in economic dynamics under the influence of the global pandemic. The main problems include: uncertainty of business and banking institutions regarding the stability of economic growth; a high level of credit dependence of enterprises in the pre-crisis period; an increase in the level of distrust between banks and borrowers against the background of financial and economic imbalances; a high level of problem loans; inflation; an increase in uncertainty about the end of the global pandemic and the dynamics of economic development; activation of lending by non-bank financial institutions. The need to increase attention to the management of certain risks, in particular: growing uncertainty, increasing probability of default, fair lending, is emphasized. It is concluded that today the bank lending sector is experiencing a period of slight decline due to the deepening financial and economic problems due to the global pandemic. It is noted that not only existing problems need to be solved, but it is also necessary to look for new opportunities for the development of bank lending: namely: expansion of lending, innovative solutions, customer orientation. The author determined that to overcome the existing problems, it is necessary first of all to review the credit policy and strengthen banking control, change the approach to evaluating borrowers of legal entities, taking into account the industry in which enterprises operate, provide effective support to customers, implement innovative solutions and form a flexible policy.

Perception of the concept of smart city from the perspective of cities and municipalities of the Slovak Republic

Research background: From time immemorial, settlements face various pitfalls and cope with a large number of problems on a daily basis. However, the 21st century also brings new challenges related to globalization, climate change, demographic change and many others. One of the answers or efforts to solve these problems are smart cities. Smart City as a concept of strategic management is a tool that primarily uses modern technologies to improve the quality of life of residents of individual cities and municipalities. At the same time, there is a synergy of various activities, the no less significant result of which is the achievement of economic and socio-economic successes. Purpose of the article: The main purpose is to evaluate the innovations of individual municipalities and cities within the Slovak Republic. The intention is to evaluate the level of implementation of innovative solutions of cities and municipalities, to find out awareness of the concept of smart city, used strategies, projects, factors, technologies, and other elements of smart city. Methods: The theoretical part was processed using the method of analysis and synthesis. In the practical part, the primary research was used to determine the attitude of cities, which was carried out in the form of a questionnaire. Findings & Value added: Cities and municipalities expressed their attitude to implementation of concept of smart city, financial demands, return on investment and the importance of implementing the smart city concept in building a sustainable and competitive ecosystem.