Implementation Of Industrial Policy Research Articles

Polluting industries: Does green industrial policy encourage green innovation? Chinese perspective evidence

This study investigates the efficacy of green industrial policies in stimulating green innovation within China's polluting industries, over the period 2011–2022. Focusing on 30 provinces, we assess the dynamic relationship between green industrial policy implementation and innovation in environmentally detrimental sectors. Employing Difference-in-Differences (DID) and Propensity Score Matching DID (PSM-DID) models, we analyze comprehensive provincial-level data to quantify the impact of policy measures on green technological advancements. The results reveal a significant positive correlation between green industrial policies and the rate of green innovation, particularly in regions with higher pollution levels. These findings suggest that well-structured green industrial policies can serve as effective catalysts for fostering sustainable technological innovations in polluting industries. Policy implications highlight the necessity of targeted, region-specific approaches to maximize the potential of green industrial policies in promoting environmental sustainability and economic growth.

The evolution of trade and industrial policies: Lessons from Cameroon

This study meticulously examines the intricacies of trade and industrial policy implementation, focusing on identifying strategic opportunities for enhancement and deriving actionable recommendations. Anchored in a qualitative framework and employing thematic analysis, the research evaluates policy relevance, fidelity, and effectiveness. Through a detailed comparative analysis of policies across different nations, the study highlights the successes and challenges inherent in current practices. The findings reveal that while certain policies have achieved economic growth, others have faltered due to implementation gaps and insufficient adaptability to emerging socio-economic challenges. The study concludes that robust monitoring and evaluation frameworks are crucial for the success of trade and industrial policies. Furthermore, the integration of advanced analytical techniques is recommended to enhance the precision and reliability of policy assessments. Policymakers are urged to prioritize flexibility and resilience in policy design, ensuring that policies can adapt to dynamic conditions. The study advocates for enhanced collaboration between government agencies, private sector entities, and academic institutions to foster a holistic approach to policy development. These insights provide a foundation for future policy initiatives aimed at fostering sustainable economic growth and development. Keywords: Trade Policy, Industrial Policy, Policy Implementation, Qualitative Analysis, Stakeholder Engagement, Economic Growth.

Nigeria’s industrial policy transformation in the era of Sino-African cooperation

This paper examines the changing nature of industrial policies in Africa within the context of Sino-African cooperation, utilizing Nigeria as a case study. It contends that sustained failures of industrial policies, attributed largely to the inability of ruling elites to enforce reciprocal control mechanisms are encouraging policymakers to consider incorporating Chinese investment into their industrial strategies. This integration is driving significant changes in Africa’s industrial policy practice, as national strategies are adjusted to attract and accommodate Chinese capital and technical support. This study leverages a variety of sources including interviews with Nigerian government officials involved in industrial policy design and implementation, industry representatives benefiting from industrial policies, policy documents, and media sources. The research aims to shed light on the dynamic interaction between international development cooperation and domestic policy transformations, illuminating the profound impact of Chinese involvement on Africa’s industrial policy landscape.

The Complex Approach to Environmental and Technological Project Management to Enhance the Sustainability of Industrial Systems

To achieve sustainability, industrial systems need to be modernized to improve resource efficiency while optimizing environmental and social performance. The implementation of environmental and technological projects is a complex management process and requires sufficient innovative potential and serious investments, which not every company can provide. Network integration of companies, providing synergy of resources and potentials, is an effective tool for the development and implementation of innovative technologies that allow achieving optimal resource efficiency indicators. An integrated complex approach to the formation of a cross- industrial system on the principles of network integration and partnerships ensures technological interaction between companies, optimizes the methods and forms of their economic activities, allows integration participants to achieve strategic goals and ensure environmental and social effects for the territory of presence. The sustainability of such a system is expressed in its ability to withstand internal threats and external challenges. Approaches to balancing environmental and technological effects while simultaneously analysing social efficiency have not received sufficient development in scientific research. This article discusses an approach to the selection of environmental-technological projects based on criteria for assessing the sustainability and resilience of industrial systems. The authors’ approach has been tested using two industrial symbioses of advanced socio-economic development territories in the city of Novotroitsk (Orenburg region, Russian Federation). The authors presented calculated indicators of resource efficiency before and after the formation of a cross-sectoral industrial system in order to identify social and environmental effects in Novotroitsk. This approach to the assessment of environmental and technological projects allows to concentrate government support measures on the general priorities of the implementation of regional economic and industrial policies.

Features of industrial policy implementation in the modern Russian economy

Features of industrial policy implementation in the modern Russian economy

The Role of Institutions and Industrial Policy: The Constraints of Industrial Development in Sabah

This article examines the role played by institutions in Sabah’s industrial development. Industrialisation is widely acknowledged as the key to pursuing structural change and attaining an economy-wide accumulation of capabilities because it involves capital-intensive activities that require investments in physical capital, human capital and technological advancement, all of which lead to the modernisation of the state’s economy. Thus, the configuration of a nation’s industrial policy is central to expanding and diversifying downstream activities. Nonetheless, effective industrial policy implementation depends on the role played by institutions that take elite policy actors into account when configuring economic interests and priorities. In the case of Sabah, although the state is rich in resources, the implementation of its industrial policy seems to have been impeded by certain factors. Political influence is embedded in existing institutions, and there are uneven power relations, patronage and rent-seeking behaviours. These have collectively constrained industrial policy arrangements and implementation. This study employs qualitative methods, gathering primary data via elite interviews and augmenting this with extensive secondary sources.

Research on the Impact of Industrial Policy on the Innovation Behavior of Strategic Emerging Industries.

Cultivating strategic emerging industries (SEIs) is an important strategy for most countries around the world to seize the economic frontier. Academics have not yet reached a unified conclusion on whether the adoption of industrial policy from the government level can effectively promote its R&D and innovation behaviors and contribute to industrial upgrading. Based on the data regarding 33,425 Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share-listed companies from 2007 to 2020, this article employs the difference-in-difference model (DID) and the mediated effect model to identify the effect and mechanism of how industrial policy affects the innovation behavior of SEIs. The results of this study show that the promulgation and implementation of industrial policies can help stimulate enterprises to carry out R&D and innovation behaviors and improve the innovation level of SEIs. Its promoting effect on state-owned enterprises is more significant than that on non-state-owned enterprises, and its promoting effect on the eastern and central regions is more significant than that on the western region. Further analysis reveals that government subsidies and tax incentives are important transmission mechanisms through which industrial policy affects firms' innovation, with government subsidies playing a positive facilitating role and tax incentives having a negative impact.

Shift in Government Policy Regarding Computer Technology Development in USSR in Late 1960s

The relevance of the study is determined by the critical importance for the Russian Federation in complex geopolitical conditions of the need to make a technological leap and ensure sovereignty, as well as the significance of studying Soviet experience in the implementation of state scientific, technical, and industrial policies. Based on declassified archival documents, issues related to the evolution of state policy in the development and production of computer technology in the late 1960s are examined. The novelty of the research lies in identifying the main trends and factors that led to both the USSR’s lag behind leading countries in this field and attempts to implement mechanisms to overcome it. A significant number of previously unpublished documents are introduced into scholarly circulation, including appeals from representatives of the scientific community to the central authorities highlighting the alarming situation. It is proven that these reports played a significant role in changing the government’s course regarding computer technology development, influencing decision-making speed and the choice of a previously tested mechanism for overcoming technological lag — borrowing. A conclusion is formulated that many recommendations from the scientific community representatives were ignored by the authorities. A departmental approach played a significant role. The decision made had far-reaching and generally negative consequences.

Does Industrial Policy Increase Labor Income Share?

Since the reform and opening-up, our national economy has achieved tremendous success. However, addressing the issue of declining labor income share is an urgent requirement for achieving high-quality economic development in China. This study empirically examines the impact of industrial policies on the labor income share using data from all A-share listed companies from 2001 to 2020. It offers a certain direction on how to enhance labor income shares: the government could intensify the implementation of industrial policies to further increase the labor income shares of enterprises. The research findings demonstrate that industrial policies significantly promote an increase in labor income shares, with firm performance playing a positive mediating role in the impact of industrial policies. Furthermore, by conducting heterogeneity analysis, this study concludes that the influence of industrial policies on labor income shares in non-state-owned enterprises is notably higher than in state-owned ones. This might be due to the more challenging financing constraints and other conditions faced by non-state-owned enterprises compared to state-owned ones, suggesting that the effectiveness of industrial policies in increasing labor income shares is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises. These conclusions can serve as a theoretical basis for China's industrial policy formulation.

Convergence or Divergence: A Computational Text Analysis of Stakeholder Concerns on Manufacturing Upgrading in China

Stakeholder participation is essential to the reasonable design and smooth implementation of industrial policies. Discourse analysis can be employed as a valuable methodology to decode stakeholder (dis)agreements. Following stakeholder theory, we examine four stakeholder groups, namely the government, enterprises, media, and academia, to analyze the public focus of industrial upgrading in China. We adopt a computational text analysis approach (keyword frequency calculation, word collocation analysis, and theme identification) to understand the divergent and convergent stakeholders’ concerns toward manufacturing upgrading in China from 2015 to 2020, which is widely considered as a manufacturing upgrading policy formulation stage. Our results show that stakeholders mainly focus on innovation capability and digital transformation for China's manufacturing upgrading. There, industrial planning is the major issue for government and academia. Contradistinctively, enterprises’ main concern is servitization. Enterprise internationalization is more frequently mentioned than manufacturing upgrading in the media industry. Policymakers should engage in various tactics to make the policies endorsed by other stakeholders. Most importantly, the government should fully integrate the views of entrepreneurs in the policy initiation stage. We provide practical implications for the Chinese government to implement better the Made in China 2025 plan.

Роль промышленной политики в обеспечении технологического суверенитета. Зарубежный опыт

At present, the conditions of the most difficult geopolitical situation have shown the necessity of achieving technological sovereignty of our country to ensure its national economic security. Achieving technological sovereignty is not possible without rapid reindustrialization of the Russian economy on the basis of the VI technological order, which implies a drastic change in the entire trajectory of economic development. The application of a competent state industrial policy using strategic and other types of planning is critical to solving this issue. The study of factual data and the works of both Russian and western analysts indicates that almost all economically advanced and rapidly developing countries are actively using certain instruments and methods of industrial policy. The article examines some modern approaches, trends and various elements of the implementation of industrial policy in the European Union and the USA. Studying international experience in the context of the challenges facing our country can be beneficial to creating modern development strategy and progressive instruments of state, economic and industrial policies aimed at the technological transformation of the Russian economy. At the same time, the objective of industrial policy should be not only to minimize economic risks in the context of unprecedentedly stringent external restrictions, which is undoubtedly a priority today, but also to develop a new systematic approach that will ensure breakthrough development of Russia in the future.

Industrial policy and governmental venture capital: Evidence from China

This paper examines the role of governmental venture capital firms (GVCs) in supporting industries endorsed by the government. Specifically, we find that GVCs are more likely to invest in industries targeted by the industrial policy compared to non-GVCs. Further analyses on investment behavior suggest that GVCs make larger investments, invest in earlier rounds, and have longer holding periods in government-endorsed industries compared with non-GVCs. In terms of investment outcome, although GVCs have poorer financial performance while supporting targeted industries, they do play a positive role in promoting corporate innovation. Taken together, this paper provides novel empirical evidence on the important role of GVCs in facilitating the implementation of industrial policies.

Промышленная политика и инновационный процесс в современной российской экономике

The article is devoted to the analysis of the relationship between effective industrial policy and the innovation process in the modern economic system. The industrial policy determines the specifics of the industries development, the competitiveness of individual industrial enterprises and is based on a set of economic policies implemented by the state; however, it also has its own features. Innovation and investment processes are the basis of effective industrial policy. The purpose of the study is to consider various approaches to determining the interdependence of effective industrial policy and the innovation process of foreign and Russian scientists, as well as to analyze the factors and conditions that ensure the effectiveness of the state industrial policy implementation. As part of the analysis of factors and conditions that ensure the effectiveness of the state’s industrial policy, the article assesses the advantages and disadvantages of the industrial policy implementation and its impact on the state’s to form and regulate the innovation process. The author uses methods of scientific analysis and synthesis. The positive and negative features of the industrial policy implementation in modern Russian economy in the context of globalization are identified, the underestimation of the business sector’s role in the innovation process implementation is revealed. The factors that reduce the effectiveness of the industrial policy innovative model implementation due to the inconsistency of the tools and methods are identified. The conditions for ensuring the long-term economic development effectiveness are revealed. Modern industrial policy requires consideration of the factors influencing its efficiency, as well as the specifics of the investment and innovation process implementation in the national economy’s industrial development in the context of globalization. The improvement of the existing scientific research and education systems will ensure the long-term advanced development of domestic industry, provide an opportunity to develop import substitution and occupy new niches in the global economic system. Industrial policy is determined by the peculiarities of the innovation process implementation in the economic system. An innovative model of industrial policy implementation can ensure the long-term development of the national economic system and increase its competitiveness.

Empirical insights into industrial policy's influence on phytoprotection innovation.

Intelligent Phytoprotection is an important direction for the modern development of plant protection related disciplines, and its essence is the innovative application of new generation information technology industry, high-end equipment manufacturing industry, and digital industry related technologies in the traditional plant protection field. This article first identifies 224 International Patent Classification (IPC) Main groups in the field of intelligent phytoprotection technology based on the International Patent Classification System. And then combines with China's industrial policy practice, we explore the impact of industrial policy on the application number of invention patents in the field of intelligent phytoprotection technology using the Difference-in-difference (DID) method and the Synthetic DID method. The study results showed that the implementation of industrial policy can significantly promote the patent application activities in the intelligent phytoprotection treatment group, with an average increase of 517 invention patent applications compared to the control group that is not affected by the policy. The research conclusion of this article suggests that for countries and regions, industrial policies are an important tool for promoting the innovation and development of intelligent phytoprotection related technologies.

INTRODUCTION OF INVESTMENT INSTRUMENTS AND MODELS USED IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INDUSTRIAL POLICY ABROAD INTO RUSSIAN PRACTICE

Purpose of the study: analysis of current trends in the development of industrial policy in the USA and EU countries and its capabilities to confront the modern challenges of the 21st century. The plans of the US government, EU countries, as well as government initiatives to create financial, infrastructural, social and legal conditions and tools for the development of industry and ensuring its competitive advantages in the global market are analyzed. The prerequisites for the emergence of industrial policy and its achievements are analyzed for the development of the future economy of Western countries based on modern technologies and innovations, encouraging targeted investments in industry and infrastructure, motivating companies to switch to renewable energy sources, developing new skills and competencies of workers, as well as based on the transition to new, advanced value creation segments. Based on the results of the study, proposals were formulated for the use of investment instruments and models used in the implementation of industrial policy in Western countries in Russian practice in the development of investment models aimed at increasing the effectiveness of government support measures for the locomotive industries of Russian industrial development.

АНАЛИЗ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В РЕГИОНАХ СИБИРСКОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА

The industrial policy of the region is one of the main factors in the development of advanced innovative industrial productions capable of resisting internal and external challenges and threats. Currently, an increasing number of sanctions are being imposed on Russia, which is why there is a high dependence on the supply of industrial production and high technologies. This problem is especially acute at the level of the regions of Russia, characterized by a high level of diff erentiation of socio-economic development and having diff erent industrial potential. In the course of the study, the tools of industrial policy implementation operating in the regions of the Siberian Federal District are considered, the analysis of key indicators of industrial policy is carried out. The analysis made it possible to identify threats to the industrial sector of the SFD regions. In the conclusion of the study, the regions of the Siberian Federal District, depending on the level of industrial development, were divided into three classes: progressive, stable and lagging. Progressive regions are characterized by high development of industry, construction and agriculture. Sustainable regions are characterized by a developed industrial base, but a high level of resource intensity of production, weak innovation and investment activity. Lagging regions are characterized by narrowly focused raw materials specialization, low diversifi cation of industrial production and low competitiveness of products. In the course of the study, it was determined that in order to increase the eff ectiveness of the implementation of industrial policy, it is necessary to develop measures providing for the stimulation and improvement of the industrial sector.

Studying the effectiveness and efficiency of industrial policy: The electronic industry case

Subject. The article investigates the issues of industrial policy formation and implementation. Objectives. The focus is on the analysis of tools, effectiveness and efficiency of industrial policy, using the electronic industry case. Methods. The methodology rests on general scientific principles and research methods, like abstraction, generalization of approaches of domestic and foreign authors on economic policy and industry analysis. Results. I investigated an algorithm for development and implementation of industrial policy, containing four stages. The algorithm was tested on the data of electronic industry enterprises. The paper analyzed the currently used tools of industrial policy, evaluated their effectiveness and efficiency, according to the data of 967 enterprises of the electronic industry. Conclusions. The calculations performed according to Spark-Interfax data showed certain effectiveness of industrial policy instruments aimed at demand promotion. The study recorded an increase in revenue, labor productivity, and return on capital of industry enterprises. However, the instruments designed to stimulate supply and support innovation and investment have not yet produced the expected results, since the innovation and investment activity of enterprises remains low, there is no additional inflow of external capital into the industry, and enterprises increase the reinvestment of profits to finance production growth.

SOME FEATURES OF THE MODERN DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHINESE ECONOMIC MODEL

The article reveals the merits and shortcomings of the Chinese economic development model. A critical analysis of Western approaches to the study of the features of the national model of the Chinese economy is proposed. The fundamental principle of the formation of the Chinese national economic model — “democratic centralism” is considered. The article focuses on the analysis of the demographic factor of the formation of the Chinese economic model. In particular, his assessment from the point of view of the theory of “human capital”. The authors propose to assess the consequences of large-scale investments in the education and healthcare system in China from the standpoint of capitalization of the demographic factor and a critical assessment of the “demographic dividend”.
 Much attention is paid to the insufficiently analyzed features of the tax policy of the People's Republic of China. An assessment of the specifics of structural policy in the field of industrial policy implementation is given.
 At the same time, the authors are far from idealizing the Chinese economic model and proceed from its uniqueness associated with such fundamental factors of the formation of the model as the historical path of the country, the mentality of the peoples inhabiting it.

Совершенствование инструментов муниципального контроля в системе управления развитием экономики промышленности города

The article serves an introduction to the improvement of municipal control tools in relation to the problems of industrial economic development at the city level. A diagnostic is proposed that determines the need for inten-sive improvement of municipal control tools in the city’s industrial management system. Improved tools include control of legal employment registration, control of the budget process, procurement financing and debt man-agement of the municipality’s budget, control of natural, man-made, biological-social and other risks, control of passenger transportation safety, control of accessibility of vital and socially important objects of the city, transport control. On the example of the cities of the Southern Federal District of Russia, the need for the im-plementation of industrial policy to combine the observance of the principles of municipal and public partner-ship with the systematic modernization of public utilities and the entire life support infrastructure is substantiat-ed.

Развитие отечественной промышленной политики: новые условия и факторы

The article examines the current conditions for the formation and implementation of industrial policy in the Russian economy and the experience of European countries in modernizing the goals, as well as the instruments of industrial policy in the context of increasing crisis trends. Attention is focused on changes in specific economic and institutional conditions for the implementation of industrial policy and on the impact of structural, financial, and political shocks on the choice of its goals and priorities at the meso- and macro-levels. There is a great role of variability and inconsistency among factors influencing industrial policy: environmental, energy, infrastructural, and institutional. The experience of foreign countries in the resuscitation of industrial structures is considered. The necessity of choosing the goals and mechanisms of industrial development with maximum reference to internal resources, creating closed value chains, choosing an acceptable balance between infrastructure development and solving the problems of ensuring national economic security, and overcoming the trends of capital leaching from industrial sectors is emphasized. The high importance of the state’s influence on the corporate policy of the largest companies, increasing the role of the state in financing investments, and strengthening the economic sovereignty of the country are pointed out. The importance of applying new mechanisms for adaptation of the domestic industrial complex to new, changing political and economic conditions of development is emphasized.