Implementation Of Agrarian Reform Research Articles

Analisis Ketimpangan Penguasaan dan Pemilikan Tanah Pasca Reforma Agraria di Indonesia

Reforming agrarian law will only be successful if agrarian law prioritizes farmers as the main pillar of national economic development, without ignoring the interests of investors and large investors as a source of development financing. In following up on the policy of reforming Agrarian law as regulated in the UUPA, the government has issued a decree as outlined in MPR Decree Number: IX/MPR/2001 concerning Agrarian Reform and Natural Resource Management. To overcome problems that will later hinder the implementation of agrarian law reform in Indonesia, Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution must be used as the ideal basis and constitutional basis for every legal act carried out by the State, meaning that regulations or policies issued in the context of implementing agrarian law reform must be based on on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. Agrarian conflict is still a legal problem in Indonesia. The presence of a strategy in the form of agrarian reform is expected to be able to make a real contribution in realizing social justice and people's prosperity for all Indonesian people. The implementation of agrarian reform is characterized by comprehensive asset management and access management, so it is important to carry out a comprehensive evaluation with fairness and community empowerment. The results obtained from this research show that the organizers of agrarian reform are expected to be able to guarantee increased community welfare and realize social justice, whether through the efforts of the Agrarian Reform Task Force (GTRA) or the Government which carries out a compromise strategy with ministries/institutions to ensure land rights through agrarian reform.

Agrarian Reform Responding to the Challenges of the Times

Indonesia has entered the age of 77 years. In a long period of time, it seems we should be concerned that the implementation of Agrarian Reform as an effort to reorganize the ownership, control, use, and utilization of land for justice, prosperity, and people's welfare which is a national priority has not been fully successful. The Agrarian Reform Movement must be admitted that it is not a solution to the existing conflict. However, the aim of the agrarian reform is expected to be a systematic effort that is more preventive in nature to avoid the occurrence of agrarian inequality and conflict in the country in the future. So the author concludes that the main goal of “Agrarian Reform Responding to the Challenges of the Times is the creation of social justice which is marked by the existence of agrarian justice, increased productivity, and increased people's welfare.

Agrarian Reform Policy Strategy In Realizing The Welfare Of A Social Justice Community Based On The Constitution

Agrarian conflicts are still a legal problem in Indonesia. The presence of a strategy in the form of agrarian reform is expected to be able to make a real contribution to realizing social justice and people's prosperity for all Indonesian people. The implementation of agrarian reform is marked by a comprehensive arrangement of assets and access arrangements, so it is important to carry out a thorough evaluation of justice and community empowerment. The results obtained from this study indicate that the organizers of agrarian reform are expected to be able to ensure an increase in community welfare and realize social justice, either through the efforts of the Agrarian Reform Task Force (GTRA) or the Government which carries out a compromise strategy with ministries/agencies to ensure land rights through agrarian reform.

Implementation of agrarian reform in North Sumatra, Indonesia: The productiveness of institutional fragmentation

Over the past few years, the Government of Indonesia has set out to implement an ambitious goal of formally changing land tenure arrangements on over 20 million hectares of land across the country. In this paper, I analyze the politics surrounding the policy framework’s implementation at the provincial level in North Sumatra. Given variegated meanings of agrarian reform held by different civil society actors as well as the abstract national-level policy framework allowing for multiple types of tenure to be claimed, I show how “ineffective” policy implementation cannot be merely explained by characterizing state institutions as dysfunctional, in part due to how “accurate” claims cannot be ascertained in a self-evident manner. Rather, the invocation and resignification of longstanding commonly accepted communitarian vocabularies provide opportunities for different civil society actors to assert and gain recognition for specific visions of (re)territorializing land and (re)subjectivizing rural populations to challenge longstanding political-economic structures that continue to privilege plantation, mining, and logging interests. As such, contemporary fragmentation of the Indonesian land bureaucracy should not be seen in a negative light. Instead, bureaucratic interactions at the provincial level are decisive modes of articulating and formalizing legitimate visions of land use and rural development as well as defining appropriate economic, environmental, and cultural subjectivities in a non-deterministic manner.

AGRARIAN REFORMS AND DEVELOPMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS FORMS IN AZERBAIJAN

Legal support for the implementation of agrarian reform in our country is the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, laws adopted on the implementation of agrarian reforms, decrees to ensure their implementation, decisions adopted by the state on the development of the agrarian sector. Theoretical and practical instructions and decisions arising from these laws, decrees and decisions determine the methodological basis for the establishment of private farms, the formation and development of entrepreneurship. The main purpose of the implementation of agrarian reforms in our country is to achieve the organization of special forms of economy in accordance with the law of market economy and to develop entrepreneurship in all areas of the agrarian sector by all means. It should be noted that the State Agrarian Reform Commission, local and regional agrarian reform commissions have been established to carry out agrarian reforms in the country. Keywords: agrarian, reform, industry, economy.

AGRARIAN REFORMS AND DEVELOPMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS FORMS IN AZERBAIJAN

Legal support for the implementation of agrarian reform in our country is the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, laws adopted on the implementation of agrarian reforms, decrees to ensure their implementation, decisions adopted by the state on the development of the agrarian sector. Theoretical and practical instructions and decisions arising from these laws, decrees and decisions determine the methodological basis for the establishment of private farms, the formation and development of entrepreneurship. The main purpose of the implementation of agrarian reforms in our country is to achieve the organization of special forms of economy in accordance with the law of market economy and to develop entrepreneurship in all areas of the agrarian sector by all means. It should be noted that the State Agrarian Reform Commission, local and regional agrarian reform commissions have been established to carry out agrarian reforms in the country. Keywords: agrarian, reform, industry, economy.

Reforma Agraria Upaya Penyelesaian Konflik Tanah di Kecamatan Jenggawah Kabupaten Jember Tahun 1999-2005

The purpose of this paper is to determine the process of resolving agrarian conflicts and the process of inventorying and granting land certificates to farmers. The urgency of this paper can theoretically be an important part in the context of resolving agrarian conflicts that often occur in Indonesia. The method used is the historical method consisting of Heuristics, Criticism, Interpretation and Historiography. Agrarian conflicts in Jenggawah District, Jember Regency occurred in 1969 and 1994-1995. The government is trying to find a solution through the implementation of agrarian reform by providing a policy for solving agrarian problems. Efforts to resolve the Jenggawah land conflict through agrarian reform are marked by a process of preparing for the implementation of an inventory, asset management and access arrangement. Asset management consists of redistribution and legalization of land. Access arrangements are carried out in order to improve the economy, add value and encourage entrepreneurial innovation on the subject of agrarian reform for Jenggawah farmers. Through this research, it can be concluded that agrarian reform can be one of the solutions for resolving land conflicts in Indonesia, especially in Jenggawah.

Stolypin land management in Kaluga governorate during the World War I (July 1914 – June 1917)

The object of this research is the implementation of agrarian reforms in Kaluga governorate in the early XX century, while the subject is the analysis of Stolypin land management in the region during the World War I. The chronological framework this research cover the period from the beginning warfare until the end of June 1917, when Stolypin land management has been officially completed. Research methodology leans on the principles of scientific objectivity, historicism, and problematicity, which contributed to establishment of causal links, as well as study of the events, phenomena, and processes in their development. The author concludes that the World War I has interrupted the progressive development of Stolypin land management in Kaluga governorate that was purposed prior to the war. The long-running military conflict led to gradual curtailment of the entire process of land management (formation of homesteads, issuance of loans, etc.), and the Provisional Government that came to power during the February Revolution made the final call on its termination. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that his is the first work within Russian historiography dedicated to this topic. The article introduces new archival materials into the scientific discourse, which allowed reconstructing the course of events, phenomena, and processes, as well as provide their assessment. The acquired results can be valuable for wide audience and historians, used in preparation of lectures on history, textbooks, and practical classes.

Agrarian Reform in Indonesia: Analyze Concepts and Their Implementation from a Governance Perspective

Analysis of the relationship between inequality, agrarian reform and corruption as well as public administration reform has not been discussed, both in terms of the formation and implementation of agrarian reform in Indonesia. This article aims to explore the concept and implementation of agrarian reform, as well as the influence of governance conditions in the management of natural resources in the implementation of agrarian reform. With the characteristics of agrarian issues in Indonesia, land administration and those related to the implementation of redistribution of benefits from the use of natural resources need to be strengthened with appropriate concepts or theories, including public information disclosure as a fulfillment of substantive and deliberative implementation of democracy. In addition, by referring to experiences in other countries, agrarian reform needs to be carried out by reducing the level of clientelism and implemented through a number of corruption prevention and prosecution programs, especially in the fields of land and other natural resources.

Land Procurement by Land Bank as a Form of Agrarian Reform Based on Law Number 11 Year 2021 Concerning Work Creation

This study aims to determine the implementation and position of the Land Bank in the legal system in Indonesia and the relationship between Law Number 11 of 2021 concerning Job Creation. The amount of land in Indonesia is not commensurate with the increasing need for physical development. This is closely related to the vulnerability of conflicts that occur in the community. The presence of a Land Bank is expected to minimize the occurrence of conflicts because the existence of a Land Bank is intended to address land needs. However, in an effort to realize this, the position of the Land Bank Institution has several things that may cause obstacles in the implementation of agrarian reform itself. This research uses a statutory approach (statue approach) and a conceptual approach. With the conclusion, that the construction of regulatory law related to the Land Bank creates legal certainty and benefits. Land Banks should also be in line with the realization of agrarian reform.

Juridical Review of Landreform Land Object Redistribution in Bantarsari Village, Cilacap Regency

Land reform is defined as an effective way to achieve successful development because access to land is crucial for socio-economic development, poverty alleviation, and environmental sustainability. Apart from being a factor of production, the land is also a factor of wealth and prestige. And strength or power. Bantasari Village, Bantarsari Sub-District, Cilacap District is one of the villages that conducts land object redistribution activities in land distribution and land certificates issuance. The redistribution of land objects has not been optimal, and this is because there are still many residents who do not have land certificates as proof of ownership. This research discusses how the juridical review and constraints in implementing land reform land objects' redistribution in Bantasari Village, Bantarsari Sub-District, Cilacap District based on Presidential Regulation No. 86/2018. The method used in this study is the normative juridical method used. It came out through literature studies examining secondary data. The implementation of Agrarian Reform referred to in Article 5 paragraph (1) Presidential Regulation Number 86 of 2018 concerning Agrarian Reform including those carried out through the stages of wealth management referred to in Article 5 paragraph (1) letter a consists of land redistribution or asset legalization.Keywords: Land Redistribution, Land reform, certificate

The historical relationship between agrarian reforms and internal armed conflicts: Relevant factors for the Colombian post-conflict scenario

With the purpose of identifying relevant factors potentially affecting the implementation of Colombian agrarian reform in its post-conflict phase, this article explores the links between agrarian reform and internal armed conflict in four countries that underwent a similar process. Namely, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, and South Africa. Looking for similarities and differences in the implementation of agrarian reforms in the four countries, the methodology included various parts. First, existing agrarian reforms and armed conflicts were identified, based on which, the selection of countries has been carried out. Second, once the countries were selected, the different stages of the corresponding conflict were analyzed (Pre-, In- and Post-conflict). Finally, the stages were compared with the Colombian case and insights have been drawn. Results from the comparative analysis reveal that the typology of the agrarian reform, the power relationship between elites, and the socioeconomic inequality are the most influential factors in the Colombian post-conflict stage. Based on these, I suggest that the new agrarian reform in Colombia does not fulfill the conditions for peace construction based on fair access to and distribution of the land.

KEBIJAKAN REFORMA AGRARIA TERHADAP LAHAN PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG

The phenomenon of agricultural land use change one of which occurred in Tulungagung Regency, East Java. Agricultural land in Tulungagung Regency continues to experience shrinking, triggering fears of instability in the area's food security. Thus this research aims to answer and describe how: (1) Implementation of policies on agricultural land in Tulungagung Regency and (2) Factors that influence the implementation of agrarian reform in the Tulungagung Regency. The analysis begins dissecting the laws and regulations relating to Agrarian and Agrarian Reform Policies, among others: UUPA, Perpres No. 86 of 2018 on Agrarian Reform, and is associated with regulations related to the control and use of agricultural land, among others; Law No. 41 of 2009 concerning Protection of Sustainable Agricultural Land. Furthermore, reviewing the regulations at the Tulungagung District Land Office related to the Agrarian Reform on the Control and Use of Agricultural Land and Regional Regulations in force, then photographing how they are applied in the field so as to draw conclusions from the factors that influence the implementation of Agrarian Reform, one of which is a change use of agricultural land to become non-agricultural. The results of the study concluded that a strategic step is needed in the form of food agricultural land protection in Tulungagung Regency by regulating and immediately establishing it as a Sustainable Food Agriculture Area.

NO AGRARIAN REFORM: REVOLUTIE WITHOUT REVOLUTION?

RI’s independence is a revolution to form a nation and state with an independentsocial structure. One of the instruments of de-colonization of the Indonesian peopleis the Agrarian Revolution. The matter of study in this paper is why, since Sokarnostepped down, the implementation of agrarian reform became half-hearted. Thiswriting method with a literature study through historical, descriptive analysis. Theresult reveals there has not been a fundamental change in the basic socio-agrarianstructure in Indonesia, and people fought for it from 2014 until now

The role of graining in ensuring food security

Relevance. Grain is the key to strategic products to ensure food security. From this point of view, the creation of large grain farms is a matter for the country's selfsufficiency and it leading to a decrease in financial expense for import. Creation of such farms creates an abundance of productivity from the area and leads to obtaining increased reproductive seeds. The main policy of the government is to minimize dependency from import, create abundance of food and create favorable conditions for export potential.The purpose of the study: the development of grain production in order to ensure food security of the country and strengthen government support for this industry.Methods: comparative analysis, systems approach.Results. As shown in the research, if we pay attention to the activities of private entrepreneurship in the country, we can see result of the implementation of agrarian reforms after which various types of farms have been created in republic.The role of privateentrepreneurshipinthedevelopmentofproduction is great. Тhe article outlines the sowing area, production, productivity, import, export of grain and the level of selfsufficiency in this country from 2015 till 2017.

Pelaksanaan Program Redistribusi Tanah Di Kawasan Tanah Adat Provinsi Papua

Agrarian reform or Agrarian Reform as an issue, is complex and multidimensional which is a major program of the Indonesian state in realizing the welfare of the Indonesian people, especially in terms of increasing access of poor peasants to land tenure in Indonesia, but implementing agararial reform is not an easy thing, with many obstacles, both from the legal, land administration, social, political, cultural and security aspects. Agrarian Reform (Agrarian Reform) or land reform is one of the effective tools or ways to achieve successful development, because access to land is fundamental for socio-economic development, poverty reduction, and environmental sustainability, apart from being a factor of production, land is also a factor of wealth, prestige and strength or power. In this perspective, land redistribution not only results in an increase in economic assets owned by poor farmers, but also an increase in political power and social participation, thus, the implementation of agrarian reform is not only aimed at reducing poverty and unemployment, but also in order to eliminate inequality, especially in political and social fields. The Land Redistribution Program in Papua Province itself, as the author sees its implementation, does not pay attention to regulations higher than Presidential Decree Number 86 of 2018.This is also reinforced by Article 18B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution which states that the state recognizes and respects customary law community units. along with their traditional rights as long as they are still alive and in accordance with the development of society and the principles of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. In addition, Article 3 of the UUPA does contain the term "ulayat rights and rights similar to that". Keywords: Inconsistency, Ulayat Land, Land Redistribution

Multi-Role Collaboration of Ministries and Institutions in the Implementation of Agrarian Reform in Indonesia

Agrarian reform is a homework that will not be completed only with sectoral approach. The real agrarian reform is not just dividing and legalizing the land, but making the land parcels have better access. This study used the collaboration theory of Russell M. Linden. The collaborative approach requires institutions tounderstand the basis of collaboration, create relationships, commitment and support among them built by collaborative leadership models. Agrarian reform must make Indonesian society better. Based on Linden’s qualitative descriptive method, there are several steps that can be adopted so as to make it easier to implement agrarian reform. The support of the governor/regent regulations on the above rules which substantially support the agrarian reform program will accelerate the implementation of the program. In addition, the division of roles and functions in the access corridor of reform requires a concrete conceptual foundation, easy to understand and firm in the form of rules that are accepted by all parties. Furthermore, in order to obtain a comprehensive and effective solution, the roles of ministries / institutions, the private sector, the community, NGOs,academics and mass media summarized in stakeholders need to be built systematically so as to eliminate the complexity of agrarian problems in Indonesia.

Крымские татары в советской этнополитике межвоенного двадцатилетия

The article studies formation of the Soviet Ethnopolitics of treatment of the Crimean Tatars in 1920–1930s. It analyses formation and realization of national policy in the Crimean ASSR towards the Crimean Tatars. The most important component of the Soviet Ethnicpolitics was the policy of “korenization of the apparatus”, creation of national village councils, implementation of agrarian reforms, formation of the proletariat from among the Crimean Tatars, reorganizations in cultural and humanitarian spheres.

Agrarian legislation of interwar Poland: specificities of its implementation in Eastern Galicia

Reforming the legal framework of the agrarian legislation of the Second Polish Republic lied in the need to improve socio-economic changes in the system of agrarian land-use. An important basis for this process was supposed to be the creation of a proper legal framework, which, by ensuring the inviolability of private land ownership, created opportunities for the formation and strengthening of farms and would contribute to the elimination of landlessness and land hunger. The implementation of the laws of 1919 and 1920 in the agricultural sector was extremely slow, which forced to seek new ways and approaches to its reforming. In view of the difficult political situation in the eastern and southeastern provinces, taking into account the demands of political forces for reforming land relations in the interest of the peasants, the Sejm adopted a new law on the “Implementation of Agrarian Reform”, which came into force in December 1925. This legislative act determined the basic parameters of agrarian sector reforming up to 1939. Although Poland’s agrarian legislation largely protected the interests of large landowners, it at the same time contributed to the creation of new farms, improved the mechanism of legal registration of land rights, which strengthened civilized market relations in the economic sector. Separate legislative acts (1923, 1928, 1932 years) normalized the elimination of strip cropping and strip farming (comasation), which slowed the development of intensive agriculture; regulated leasing relations in the agricultural sector, which contributed to its transition to market conditions of functioning; allowed land reclamation works with the aim of optimizing the use of soil potential. State agrarian legislation and government policy had exacerbated national and social contradictions in society. Warsaw’s intention to change the quantitative relation of the Ukrainian and Polish populations in favor of the latter through the resettlement of colonists from the Polish ethnic territory to western Ukrainian lands, which were supposed to create strong households and become an important social and political support of the authorities, had failed.

The state of production and marketing of agrarian products by agricultural enterprises of Lviv region

In this publication the research of activity of one of the important components of the subjects of agrarian, namely: functioning of agricultural enterprises, was conducted. These organizational and economic structures in the agrarian sector of the economy have fallen in the early stages of the implementation of agrarian reforms in Ukraine (at the end of the 20th century). This is the result of unwarranted transformations in agriculture. In modern conditions, and they began in the early 21st century, there are dynamic processes of the revival of large-scale agricultural production, based on which agricultural enterprises. It is these organizational and economic structures of the Lviv region that underlies the preparation and writing of this article. The presentation of the research results was conducted in a certain logical publication. The introduction substantiates the relevance of the chosen topic of studying its significance for the further development of agrarian production, it is indicated in the selection of research activities of agricultural enterprises of Lviv region during 2000–2017. The specific effects of the research are reflected in the numerical indicators in tabular forms. Thus, in particular, shows the volumes of production for the above-mentioned years and its share in its total volumes in the Lviv region. The above information gives grounds to assert that the agricultural enterprises of Lviv region dynamically increase the absolute indicators of gross production of agrarian products in general and in sectoral terms in particular. The publication presents data on the level of use of agricultural land by investigated subjects of economic activity. There are also positive changes and indicators of production of agrarian products per 100 hectares of agricultural land are much higher than in the farms of the population, which in the Lviv region is the dominant form of management. The volumes of sales of agricultural products by agricultural enterprises are presented in the natural indices for its main types, which also have a strong tendency to increase, with the exception of some types of livestock products. The publication also presents the dynamics of changes in prices for the represented types of crop and livestock products, and at the same time we note that in order to establish certain patterns of their changes, it is necessary to carry out separate studies on the functioning of the price mechanism in the agrarian sector of the economy. Conclusions are derived from the results of the study and are specific. Their implementation should ensure the growth of production and implementation of agricultural products by agricultural enterprises of Lviv region in such quantities that would ensure the domination of these organizational and economic structures in the agrarian sector of the economy.