Implementation Decisions Research Articles

The creation of a market – LP South America (A)

Theoretical basis One of the major issues present in this case is whether there is significant industry pressure to internationalize. Yip’s (1989) global strategy drivers are a helpful approach for examining this issue. This case also applies two important marketing concepts – the product life cycle and diffusion of innovation theory – and how differences across international markets impact these concepts. Finally, there are significant cultural issues at play in this case as well. Theoretical models of national culture, such as Hofstede, Hall and others, can be used to examine cultural influences on an industry that is not often associated with culture. Research methodology The case is based upon a combination of secondary research and primary research. The lead researcher and a team of graduate students conducted interviews with Louisiana-Pacific Corporation (LP) executives in the USA and Chile in 2017. Case overview/synopsis This three-part case examines the internationalization of LP into South America. Case A begins in 1999 as LP attempts to decide whether to take its oriented strand board product international. The reader is asked to consider where LP should go in South America. Case B examines the factors LP used to decide to enter Chile and then outlines the key decisions that led to its impressive growth between 2000 and 2015. Case C begins in 2015 as LP now considers whether to expand its markets into Argentina or Colombia. Complexity academic level Given the complexity of issues raised in the case and the need to narrow these issues down to an implementable decision, this case is most appropriate later in the schedule of a graduate or executive-level business course in international business or international marketing.

Availability and reporting quality of external validations of machine-learning prediction models with orthopedic surgical outcomes: a systematic review

Background and purpose — External validation of machine learning (ML) prediction models is an essential step before clinical application. We assessed the proportion, performance, and transparent reporting of externally validated ML prediction models in orthopedic surgery, using the Transparent Reporting for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) guidelines. Material and methods — We performed a systematic search using synonyms for every orthopedic specialty, ML, and external validation. The proportion was determined by using 59 ML prediction models with only internal validation in orthopedic surgical outcome published up until June 18, 2020, previously identified by our group. Model performance was evaluated using discrimination, calibration, and decision-curve analysis. The TRIPOD guidelines assessed transparent reporting. Results — We included 18 studies externally validating 10 different ML prediction models of the 59 available ML models after screening 4,682 studies. All external validations identified in this review retained good discrimination. Other key performance measures were provided in only 3 studies, rendering overall performance evaluation difficult. The overall median TRIPOD completeness was 61% (IQR 43–89), with 6 items being reported in less than 4/18 of the studies. Interpretation — Most current predictive ML models are not externally validated. The 18 available external validation studies were characterized by incomplete reporting of performance measures, limiting a transparent examination of model performance. Further prospective studies are needed to validate or refute the myriad of predictive ML models in orthopedics while adhering to existing guidelines. This ensures clinicians can take full advantage of validated and clinically implementable ML decision tools.

A fuzzy Dempster–Shafer classifier for detecting Web spams

The Web spam identification problem can be modeled as an instance of the conventional classification problem. Web spams aim at deceiving web crawlers by advertising certain Web pages through elevation of their page rankings superficially than their actual weights. Web spams are intended to produce fraudulent results of web search queries and degenerate the client’s experience by directing users to fake Web pages. We present a fuzzy evidence-based methodology for identifying Web spams by which the spamicity of web hosts is formulated as a reasoning problem in the presence of uncertainty. However, any classification task intrinsically suffers from incomplete or vague evidence and ambiguity in the class assignment based on evidence. In this work, we combine fuzzy reasoning as the decision maker for selecting the most suitable evidence in a multi-source Dempster–Shafer (DS) based classification algorithm. The introduced approach has the benefit of providing more reliable solution to detect spams without any prior information. The evidence theory offers flexible support that takes into account the multi-dimensional nature of implementation decisions. The experimental results show that the fuzzy reasoning in combination with DS theory, reduces the conflicts among evidence leading to enhanced classification results. The aim of this paper is to describe the potential of fuzzy reasoning and the Dempster–Shafer Theory (DST) as a decision model for the web spams classification problem.

Pengaruh Growth Opportunity, Corporate Social Responsibility, Good Corporate Governance dan Keputusan Investasi terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Pada Perusahaan Sektor Property, Real Estate & Building Construction Periode 2013-2017)

This study analyses influence growth opportunities, corporate social responsibility, managerial ownership, committee audit, and investment decision to the company property, real estate & buildings construction sector from 2013 to 2017. This research is quantitative, employing purposive sampling and obtaining samples from 49 companies. Technique analysis used is multiple regression by SPSS. The research results show that growth opportunities, corporate social responsibility, managerial ownership, committee audit, and investment decision have a significant influence on the company. Partial it shows that: 1) growth opportunities have a positive impact significantly on the company, based on the results of data analysis, the companies experiencing a decline and increasing growth opportunity are also proven to be followed by an increase and decrease in firm value or (PER). 2) corporate social responsibility does not have significantly on the company. Based on data analysis from 40 sample companies, only one company presents more than 50% GRI information. 3) Managerial ownership does not have significantly on the company. From the data analysis results, most companies do not have managerial ownership companies. 4) The audit committee has no significant effect on the company's value because an audit committee in the company is seen only as a fulfilment of the government's regulatory obligations. The audit committee has not carried out its obligations in a manner maximum. 5) Investment decisions significantly do not affect the company's value because most companies have not implemented meaningful investment decisions, as evidenced by a TAG value of less than 1.

A Dynamic Evaluation of Distress Predication Models Using Malmquist-DEA

So far, the dominant comparative studies of competing distress prediction models (DPMs) have been restricted to the application of static evaluation frameworks and as such overlooked their performance over time. This study fills this gap by proposing a multi-period, multi-criteria performance evaluation framework; namely, Malmquist DEA, which by design provides multi-criteria rankings of competing DPMs over multiple periods and thus highlights the performance dynamics over time and reveals sources of inefficiencies of these models, and discuss its implementation decisions. In addition, we use the proposed framework to address a variety of research questions. Using data on UK listed companies, this study provides a dynamic comprehensive comparison between the most cited static and dynamic DPMs. Our empirical findings suggest that increasing the length of the training sample does not necessarily lead to an improvement in the performance of models; in fact, the type of classifier and information fed into the models have critical roles in improving the performance of DPMs during both regular and high distress rate periods.

Towards cognitive decision support: A model of behavioural assessment of multi-criteria methods

Abstract The Negotiation Support Systems often implement multiple criteria decision aiding (MCDA) techniques for building a negotiation scoring system. Those formal models should meet the needs, motivations, expectations, and cognitive abilities of users. In this paper, we try to explore the effects of decision maker’s subjective perception of ease of use, time requirements, interface, preference representation, and efficiency of a particular MCDA method on the choice regarding the future use of this method. The multinomial logistic regression model is built and analysed. The analysis is based on data from online decision making experiments, where three MCDA methods were implemented, i.e. AHP, SMART, and TOPSIS. The study provides several interesting findings, concerning the behavioural aspects of multiple criteria decision aiding in software support systems. Most of the users recommended TOPSIS as the best one for supporting decisions in the future. This is a fast technique, for which we used an attractive graphical interface, suggesting that these factors play a crucial role in the users’ choices. However, the causative regression model showed that the user’s positive experience in using a particular method, i.e. its effectiveness in solving an exemplary numerical case, has the highest impact on the method’s choice for future use. The second most important factor is the adequacy in representing the user’s preferences by this method. We show, however, that the strengths of effects and their significance may vary across the methods. Understanding the decision maker’s evaluations of the MCDA techniques may help build a cognitive negotiation support system that satisfies the user’s expectations.

Abstract P270: Simulating the Effects of Door-In-Door-Out Interventions

Introduction: Acute stroke (AS) is a highly time sensitive treatment condition affecting approximately 800,000 people/year in the US. Most AS patients receive care at a primary stroke center (PSC), but some require more advanced treatments, and rely on a timely transfer to a comprehensive stroke center (CSC) where such treatments can be given. Stroke teams at 2 Chicago area PSCs and 4 CSCs, collectively, developed solutions (Graph) targeting both reported and perceived failures/delays/weakness in the current PSC door-in-door-out (DIDO) process for transferring patients to a CSC. The study simulates the potential impact of the solutions on DIDO. Methods: Current state (baseline) times were calculated from time stamps in the electronic health record (EHR) (e.g., door to CT), estimated by the stroke teams (e.g., hand-off time) or retrieved (e.g., DIDO, door to stroke activation) from a prospectively maintained REDCap data registry (2/2018-1/2020). Proportions (e.g., % with ischemic stroke, % transferred) were estimated from hospital data. Changes in times after implementation of a solution were obtained from peer reviewed literature, when available, or by consensus expert opinion. Simio (version 11.197.19514) was used to simulate the current and future states with implementation of the solutions, with 500 replications, to estimate changes in DIDO. Results: Implementation of all solutions would achieve a decrease in DIDO of 33 minutes (19%) from current state. The largest driver of this change was direct to CT/CTA protocol implementation (21 minutes) followed by using a handoff tool for paramedics prior to transfer (13 minutes). Conclusion: The proposed solutions can achieve nearly a 20% reduction in DIDO times. The “Direct to CT/CTA Protocol” solution is the major driver of the improvement. Data simulation is helpful by assessing the potential impact of many solutions and the relative impact of each solution to inform implementation decisions.

Advancing ambulatory pharmacy practice through a crisis: Objectives and strategies used in an ambulatory care action team's response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

PurposeThe objectives and strategies used by an ambulatory care action team operating within a large health system’s pharmacy incident command structure during the initial response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are discussed.SummaryIn a time of crisis, a pharmacy ambulatory action team was formed to provide ambulatory clinical pharmacy expertise and meet an immediate and ongoing need to limit nonemergent care during the COVID-19 pandemic. By building a strong communication infrastructure and partnership with ambulatory care providers, clinic medical and operational leaderships, clinical laboratory staff, and infusion centers, the team was able to swiftly execute solutions and respond to new issues and requests. Ambulatory care pharmacy practice continued to advance through provision of services to vulnerable patient populations with chronic conditions that were anticipated to experience gaps in care management during the COVID-19 pandemic. These efforts resulted in expansion of pharmacists’ involvement in collaborative drug therapy management, support of patients’ transition from in-clinic injection to home self-administration, provision of medication assistance support, and management of 1,300 patients via protocol-based warfarin management. Additionally, ambulatory pharmacy services in 15 primary care, anticoagulation, and specialty clinic sites were transitioned to telehealth. The ambulatory action team also implemented several strategies to manage medication therapy associated with COVID-19–related shortages and implemented electronic decision support to guide prescribing of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin.ConclusionBuilding a strong communication infrastructure and a pharmacy ambulatory action team were essential to respond to a crisis and continue ambulatory clinical pharmacy services expansion.

Implementation of supply chain 4.0 in the food and beverage industry: perceived drivers and barriers

PurposeDespite considerable growth in literature on Industry 4.0 technologies, the research on the factors influencing the investment on these technologies in pursuit of supply chain 4.0 is yet incipient. The study aims to fill this knowledge void by exploring the perceived drivers and barriers intertwined in the implementation of supply chain 4.0 in the context of food and beverage industry.Design/methodology/approachQualitative exploratory research was employed involving 20 semi-structured interviews with senior managers from the Australian food and beverage supply chain. The interviews' data were analysed with VOSViewer software version 1.6.14.FindingsThe results unravel that reduction in supply-demand misalignment, fast-changing consumer's needs, threat of legal penalties and cost optimisation are the key drivers; whereas lack of collaboration, organisational inertia and lack of awareness are the critical barriers to implement supply chain 4.0.Research limitations/implicationsThe study derives seven propositions and a theoretical framework that need to be empirically corroborated.Practical implicationsUnderstanding of drivers and barriers will help practitioners to make more informed decision in implementation of supply chain 4.0.Social implicationsImplementation of supply chain 4.0 can enhance the performance of the food and beverage industry, thus offering more job opportunities and sustained food supply.Originality/valueThis is the first study in exploring drivers and barriers to the implementation of supply chain 4.0; thus, adds new knowledge to the growing body of the literature. The paper introduces a novel method for qualitative data analysis contributing to the methodological development of the supply chain management field.

Stable reliability diagrams for probabilistic classifiers

A probability forecast or probabilistic classifier is reliable or calibrated if the predicted probabilities are matched by ex post observed frequencies, as examined visually in reliability diagrams. The classical binning and counting approach to plotting reliability diagrams has been hampered by a lack of stability under unavoidable, ad hoc implementation decisions. Here, we introduce the CORP approach, which generates provably statistically consistent, optimally binned, and reproducible reliability diagrams in an automated way. CORP is based on nonparametric isotonic regression and implemented via the pool-adjacent-violators (PAV) algorithm-essentially, the CORP reliability diagram shows the graph of the PAV-(re)calibrated forecast probabilities. The CORP approach allows for uncertainty quantification via either resampling techniques or asymptotic theory, furnishes a numerical measure of miscalibration, and provides a CORP-based Brier-score decomposition that generalizes to any proper scoring rule. We anticipate that judicious uses of the PAV algorithm yield improved tools for diagnostics and inference for a very wide range of statistical and machine learning methods.

Impella versus extracorporal life support in cardiogenic shock: a propensity score adjusted analysis.

AimsThe mortality in cardiogenic shock (CS) is high. The role of specific mechanical circulatory support (MCS) systems is unclear. We aimed to compare patients receiving Impella versus ECLS (extracorporal life support) with regard to baseline characteristics, feasibility, and outcomes in CS.Methods and resultsThis is a retrospective cohort study including CS patients over 18 years with a complete follow‐up of the primary endpoint and available baseline lactate level, receiving haemodynamic support either by Impella 2.5 or ECLS from two European registries. The decision for device implementation was made at the discretion of the treating physician. The primary endpoint of this study was all‐cause mortality at 30 days. A propensity score for the use of Impella was calculated, and multivariable logistic regression was used to obtain adjusted odds ratios (aOR).In total, 149 patients were included, receiving either Impella (n = 73) or ECLS (n = 76) for CS. The feasibility of device implantation was high (87%) and similar (aOR: 3.14; 95% CI: 0.18–56.50; P = 0.41) with both systems. The rates of vascular injuries (aOR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.10–3.50; P = 0.56) and bleedings requiring transfusions (aOR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.09–2.10; P = 0.29) were similar in ECLS patients and Impella patients. The use of Impella or ECLS was not associated with increased odds of mortality (aOR: 4.19; 95% CI: 0.53–33.25; P = 0.17), after correction for propensity score and baseline lactate level. Baseline lactate level was independently associated with increased odds of 30 day mortality (per mmol/L increase; OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.14–1.45; P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn CS patients, the adjusted mortality rates of both ECLS and Impella were high and similar. The baseline lactate level was a potent predictor of mortality and could play a role in patient selection for therapy in future studies. In patients with profound CS, the type of device is likely to be less important compared with other parameters including non‐cardiac and neurological factors.

Oakland's Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax: Honoring the "Spirit" of the Ordinance Toward Equitable Implementation.

Purpose: On November 8, 2016, Oakland, California, voters passed a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax, which included language to support programs affecting communities and residents most affected by SSB-related health disparities. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively assess the extent to which those communities most affected by SSB-related health disparities were included in implementation decisions and were recipients of funding to support their needs.Methods: A longitudinal case study from 2016 to 2019 in Oakland, CA, explored equity implementation themes through key informant interview transcripts (n=15) triangulated with media (n=90) and archived documents (n=43). Using principals of constant comparative analysis, all documents (n=148) were coded and thematically analyzed in Atlas.ti.Results: SSB taxes—designed to support communities disproportionately impacted by SSB consumption—can be implemented with inclusivity and community representation. The Oakland ordinance established a Community Advisory Board (CAB) that partnered with community organizations throughout implementation to ensure inclusivity and recommend funding for programs to address health inequities, described as the “spirit” of the ordinance. These activities countered the beverage industry's tactics to target lower income communities of color with misinformation campaigns and hinder implementation.Conclusion: A clearly written ordinance provides guidance, which affords an intentional and legal foundation for implementation processes. Establishing a CAB can mitigate inequities as members are invested in the community and initiatives to support residents. Advisory boards are able to liaise between city and local partners, which is a powerful tool for countering opposition campaigns, reaching lower income and communities of color, and ensuring adherence to funding mandates.

Zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance and food‐borne outbreaks guidance for reporting 2020 data

This technical report of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) presents the guidance to reporting European Union (EU) Member Statesand non-Member States in data transmission using extensible markup language (XML) data transfer covering the reporting of isolate-based quantitative antimicrobial resistance data, as well as reporting of prevalence data on zoonoses and microbiological agents and contaminants in food, food-borne outbreak data, animal population data and disease status data.For data collection purposes, EFSA has created the Data Collection Framework (DCF)application. The present report provides data dictionaries to guide the reporting ofinformation deriving from 2020 under the framework of Directive 2003/99/EC,Regulation (EU) 2017/625, Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/627and Commission Implementing Decision 2013/652/EC.The objective is to explain in detail the individual data elements that are included in the EFSA data models to be used for XML data transmission through the DCF. In particular, the data elements to be reported are explained, including information about the data type, a reference to the list of allowed terms and any additional business rule or requirement that may apply.

Manual for reporting 2020 antimicrobial resistance data within the framework of Directive 2003/99/EC and Decision 2013/652/EU

This manual provides guidance for reporting antimicrobial resistance under the framework of Directive 2003/99/EC and Commission Implementing Decision 2013/652/EU in food-producing animalsand foodstuffs derived thereof. The objective is to harmonise and streamline the reporting made by the Member States to ensure that the antimicrobial resistance data collected are relevant and easy to analyse at the European Union level. Detailed guidelines are provided for the reporting of data and text forms. This guidance typically applies to Salmonella spp., Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni, and the animal populations and food categories to be reported on. Guidance is also provided on indicator commensal Escherichia coli, indicator Enterococcus and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The manual notably includes specific guidance for reporting mandatory data on Salmonella spp. and commensal indicator E. coli producers of ESBLs/AmpCs/carbapenemases obtained from the harmonised routine monitoring, and ESBL-/AmpC-/Carbapenemase-producing E. coli derived from specific monitoring,as well as voluntary data on specific monitoring of carbapenemase-producers.This manual is specifically aimed at guiding the reporting of information deriving from the year 2020.

Reflektovanje unapređenja poslovnih procesa na poslovni uspeh preduzeća

Improving the business process presents an organizational change that glorifies success in the company. In today's uncertain business, the starting point for success is the implemented decision on improving business processes in the company. By implementing advanced business processes, business success is multiplied and recorded. Organizational change through the use of improved business processes such as: use of by-products, reengineering, new technical solutions, robotics and others in business results in reduced prices, better products, more adequate analysis and improved business success. Synergy of implemented organizational changes in business results in efficiency, profitability and duration of business. The obtained research results confirm that business innovation results in improved business operations.

Современные тенденции в стандартизации лабораторной деятельности

This article contains a brief overview of the most prominent standards for laboratories in Russia. Analysis of requirements included in these standards allowed distinguishing universal approaches to quality assurance as well as areas not covered by any of the studied systems. Based on implementation data and decisions of governmental bodies it was concluded that standard tend to included noncontradictory requirements and to get more similar over time.

Оцінка податку на доходи фізичних осіб як фіскального показника

The article is aimed at examining the fiscal efficiency of personal income tax. It is proved that in order to simplify the administration of personal income tax, it is advisable to group the components of the total income of the taxpayer according to the relevant criteria. The results of the research once again testify to the fact that the most important role of personal income tax consists in regulating the cash (income) of the population and stimulating the use of labor force, as well as in being a significant source of income to the Consolidated Budget of Ukraine. To disclose the topic of the research, the authors calculated the fiscal significance of personal income tax in terms of the State budget, which tends to increase and the fiscal significance of personal income tax in terms of the GDP of the State. Also, the analysis of the efficiency of collecting tax revenues using a number of coefficients, one of which is the coefficient of personal income tax collection, is carried out. Having estimated the mobilized amount of personal income tax revenues and tax revenues to the budget from the planned ones, it is proved that the efficiency of personal income tax administration is quite significant and close to 1. That is, the level of expenditures of the population for the maintenance of apparatus of the State Tax Service of Ukraine decreases at a faster pace than the population itself, which can be considered as a positive point. As result of the carried out analysis of the fiscal efficiency of personal income tax, it is concluded that the tax administration under a certain system of implemented tax decisions is deteriorating, and the fiscal significance of personal income tax in both the State’s budget and GDP is reducing, while the real value of revenues from this tax is decreasing. Assessing the efficiency of personal income tax according to the above indicators will allow to more accurately plan the receipt of this tax to the budget, will facilitate in the development of measures to improve the regulatory and fiscal action of personal income tax, eliminate deficiencies in the taxation mechanism, form a rational structure of tax revenues to the budget, and contribute to the development of an efficient tax policy.

МЕТОДИ, ВИКОРИСТАНІ ПРИ ФОРМУВАННІ ТРАДИЦІЙНОГО ХАРАКТЕРУ ІСТОРИЧНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА СОБОРНОЇ ПЛОЩІ В ОДЕСІ (УКРАЇНА) З ВІДТВОРЕННЯМ ВТРАЧЕНОГО ОБ'ЄКТА КУЛЬТУРНОЇ СПАДЩИНИ – СПАСО-ПРЕОБРАЖЕНСЬКОГО КАФЕДРАЛЬНОГО СОБОРУ

In 1936, in Odessa, the largest temple of the North-Western Black Sea region, the Transfiguration Cathedral on Cathedral Square, was barbarously destroyed. By this time, the Cathedral had undergone the robbery of valuables, legalized by the Soviet state, with the destruction of relics. Since 1991, on an initiative basis, the creative team of architects and students of the Odessa Civil Engineering Institute began to collect initial data and develop a project to recreate this outstanding lost object of the cultural heritage of Ukraine. In 1999, the team of architects of the communal enterprise "Odesproject" won the all-Ukrainian open competition for the best project for the reconstruction of the temple and began to develop scientific and design documentation, according to which in 2000 construction and installation work began on Cathedral Square. Since 2002, scientific and project documentation on the architectural and decorative finishing of the facades and engineering support of the Cathedral, the interiors of the Lower and Upper Churches, the Andreevsky Hall, baptisms for children and adults - was developed by the architectural studio "M-Studio". When carrying out a complex of preparatory work, the development of a draft design, working documentation, interior designs, scientific support and field supervision, the authors used scientific and practical research methods, which helped to substantiate and accept decisions for implementation, which were subsequently detailed in the scientific and design documentation. The article presents the main research methods that were used to recreate the outstanding lost cultural heritage of Ukraine – Transfiguration Cathedral in Odessa, 1991- 2010. The methods used in the reconstruction of the Cathedral are conditionally divided into two groups: the first group concerns the formation of the traditional character of the historical environment of the Cathedral Square and the second - the formation of the image of the restored Cathedral, including its interiors. Presents 21 methods from the first group, these methods were used in the study and formation of the traditional character of the historical environment of the Cathedral Square and the facades of the Cathedral: Building sanitation, Revealing layers, System approach, Compliance with the prototype, Field surveys, Archaeological research, Architectural and geodetic measurements, Analysis and Synthesis, Hypotheses, Architectural Yantra, Paradigms, Photogrammetric Reconstruction, Prototyping, Modeling, Logic, Citizens Informing, Comparison, Brainstorming, Visual Shading, Manufacturability, Collectiveness. The methods used in the reconstruction of the Cathedral contributed to the adoption of the most acceptable scientific and design decisions both in terms of the formation of the traditional character of the historical environment of Odessa Cathedral Square, and in the formation of the image of the Cathedral, including the interiors of its Upper and Lower Temples. The article can be useful for specialists working in the field of reconstruction of outstanding lost objects of cultural heritage.

Implementing Version Control With Git and GitHub as a Learning Objective in Statistics and Data Science Courses

A version control system records changes to a file or set of files over time so that changes can be tracked and specific versions of a file can be recalled later. As such, it is an essential element of a reproducible workflow that deserves due consideration among the learning objectives of statistics courses. This article describes experiences and implementation decisions of four contributing faculty who are teaching different courses at a variety of institutions. Each of these faculty has set version control as a learning objective and successfully integrated one such system (Git) into one or more statistics courses. The various approaches described in the article span different implementation strategies to suit student background, course type, software choices, and assessment practices. By presenting a wide range of approaches to teaching Git, the article aims to serve as a resource for statistics and data science instructors teaching courses at any level within an undergraduate or graduate curriculum.

An Organizational Change With Quarantined Members

This study tackles the extent to which employees’ attributions and acknowledgments of the innovation implementation’s urgency play a role in their acceptance and readiness behavior during a crisis. Moreover, it highlights the importance of support and knowledge sharing among organization members on social media, given that an organizational change is taking place during a crisis while everyone is being quarantined. Qualitative data are collected from semi-structured interviews as well as from the chats on the WhatsApp group created for this quick innovation implementation decision. Findings reveal that during a crisis, employees’ sensemaking of the organization’s innovation adoption is triggered by attribution to constructive intentionality. The urgency imposed boosts the contextual dimension of the readiness for change, which enhances organization members’ commitment to implement the change. Moreover, when everyone is quarantined, social media is found to be the only means for maintaining social relations, ensuring colleagues’ support and sharing knowledge; and consequently boosting members’ readiness. The value of this research lies in the topic addressed, and in the unusual context in which the innovation implementation took place.