Impact Of Geography Research Articles

The Impact of Geography and Economy on Education in China: The Plight of the Rural Child

The Impact of Geography and Economy on Education in China: The Plight of the Rural Child

The Impact of Geography and Occupation on the Perspective of the Good Death Among the Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-sectional Study

The Impact of Geography and Occupation on the Perspective of the Good Death Among the Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-sectional Study

The Impact of Geography on the Success of Prosocial Crowdfunding

ABSTRACT Prosocial crowdfunding is gaining popularity as an alternative tool to traditional offline charity. While the success of crowdfunding projects aimed at pursuing commercial gains has been studied extensively, less research has addressed the factors that affect the success of prosocial crowdfunding campaigns. More specifically, there is even less research related to geographical factors. Building on charitable giving literature, we employ the lens of moral cosmopolitanism to hypothesize how geographical factors impact the success of prosocial crowdfunding campaigns. We conducted our investigation on a sample of 350 campaigns launched on StartSomeGood and found that contributors, despite a hype on cosmopolitan responsibility induced by digital platforms, prefer recipients in developed countries and, when donating to recipients in developing countries, show a preference for initiators from developed countries.

Mexican Wines: Impact of Geography, Climate, and Soil on the Quality of the Grape and Wine─A Review

Mexican Wines: Impact of Geography, Climate, and Soil on the Quality of the Grape and Wine─A Review

Impacts of geography, climate, soil properties and vegetation characteristics on soil C:N:P stoichiometry across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Soil C:N:P (soil organic carbon: total nitrogen: total phosphorus) stoichiometry can give important information about biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. The spatial patterns and driving mechanisms of soil C:N:P stoichiometry are still poorly understood on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. In this study, we therefore combine data on the geographic position, climate, soil properties and vegetation characteristics of 319 sites across the plateau to investigate their relationship with the horizontal and vertical patterns of soil C, N and P concentrations and the C:N:P ratios. We observed higherSOC (30.5–46.8 mg g-1), TN (2.4–3.4 mg g-1), C:N (14.7–18.0) and N:P (6.9–8.0) in alpine meadows, forests and shrublands, and higher TP (1.6 mg g-1) in croplands. Overall, SOC, TN, TP, C:N and N:P showed decreasing trends with an amplitude of 67%, 64%, 19%, 12% and 54% respectively along the soil profile. Soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) and bulk density were the stronger environmental drivers of SOC and TN. Soil TP showed latitudinal and longitudinal increasing trends in all soil layers. Soil properties explained most of the variations in SOC (67%–90%), TN (67%–87%), C:N (61%–89%) and N:P (64%-85%), with increasing impacts along the soil profile. Geographical position and climate influenced TP both directly and indirectly through soil properties, with geographical position being the predominant driver (46%–65%) along the whole soil profile. The variation in soil C:N was mostly driven by SOC and TN, and the direct and indirect effects of the environmental factors were relatively weak. Geographical position, climate factors, soil properties and vegetation indirectly impacted soil N:P through their effects on soil TN and TP in all the soil layers. Altogether, our findings shed important light on the relative contribution of geography, climate, vegetation and soil properties on soil C:N and N:P, thus providing a better understanding of C, N, and P cycling across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Abstract 1012: Colorectal cancer in the American Indian and Alaska Native community: A holistic review

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked third in the United States for both cancer incidence and mortality. Despite a decline in both categories, CRC continues to be a great concern in American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities. AI/AN populations have also experienced the largest increase in early-onset colorectal cancer, have the second highest CRC incidence rates, and the AN community has the highest rates of CRC worldwide. AI/AN populations face numerous barriers and are susceptible to risk factors that may contribute to these findings. Currently, a significant amount of research is on screening efforts. Through conducting a literature review of 63 articles, as well as an additional 11 supplemental sources, this manuscript aims to look at several aspects of CRC including demographics, diet, screening, and the impact of geography. This review presents and organizes available research on CRC in the AI/AN population and explores research beyond screening because a more comprehensive and population-specific fund of knowledge on the totality of the subject is critical to directing more effective prevention, earlier detection, and management. Evaluating different components of CRC honors the holistic approach to health practiced by AI/AN communities. Citation Format: Angela R. Monetathchi, William Carson, Alyssa Little, Felina M. Cordova-Marks, Jennifer Erdrich. Colorectal cancer in the American Indian and Alaska Native community: A holistic review [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 1012.

Geography, landownership inequality, and literacy: historical evidence from Greek regions

AbstractOur work sheds light on the joint role of human capital and geography during the early stages of the transition from stagnation to growth in early twentieth century Greece. We uncover a robust association between geography and literacy. We also show that geography is correlated with land inequality and thus establish that land distribution is a channel through which geography influences literacy. Finally, the impact of geography on human capital formation weakens with industrialization. Our work contributes to the literature on geography and human capital in the transition from stagnation to growth since Greece was at the early stages of the industrial era during the study period.

Internal Factors Affecting the Emergence of the Existence Cause and Survival of Afghanistan

Afghanistan is a historical country in that centuries have passed since its civilization and the formation of its government. The most obvious feature of this country is its various natural and human phenomena, and the history of this country, under the impact of geography, has passed wonderful events. The causes of forming this country are geography, race, ethnicity, the role of government, culture, history, threats, government power, the role of people, the impact of religion, language, and loving country. In the time of forming Afghanistan, Pashtons nations constantly ruled this country and the power was concentrated in the hands of (Dorani, Ghalzaei, Barekzai, etc.). The developments in the last four decades, especially after the defeat of the Soviet Union and the forming of the Islamic Mujahideen Government, caused other nations to contribute to the power structure of the government, such as “Tajik, Hazara, Ozbek” besides the Pashtoons. The Pashtoons, because of their 250 years of presence in power, were not satisfied with the presence of other nations. This is why political systems in Afghanistan are unstable, fragile and weak, especially since this country is one of the few countries which have experienced various political systems contributing monarchy system, royal-republic, communist regime, Mujahideen government, Islamic government, Islamic Emirate of Taliban and the secular-liberal regime. The current descriptive-analytic study used different sources such as books, scientific journals, theses, reports and internet sources. In total, these factors are the main reasons: homeland and geographical location, culture, history, religion, language, the role of people, government, loving hometown, loving country, national threats, race and nationality. Finally, the factors of the political thought of government, the space structure of Afghanistan, the military, the role of organizations, the national economy, equality of geographical and social, media and national symbols are the superstructure of Afghanistan's survival.

Impact of Geography and Rurality on Preconception Health Status in the United States.

Maternal illness and death are largely preventable; however, the field of preconception health needs further study. Geographic region and rurality play a large role in maternal health, and an understanding of the effect of these 2 factors at the individual level could prevent future adverse maternal health outcomes. We developed an abbreviated index of preconception health risk (diabetes, hypertension, body weight, mental health, unintended pregnancy, HIV, alcohol and nicotine use, nutrition, physical activity, receipt of the influenza vaccine) by using data from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). A score of 1 was assigned for each behavior factor classified as unhealthy and a score of 0 for each factor classified as healthy, for a total potential score of 11. Respondent women from the 37 states that included the BRFSS family planning supplemental module who were aged 18 to 44 years who could become pregnant (N = 25,999) were included. We used univariate and multivariate regression models to assess the relationship between sociodemographic factors (age, race or ethnicity, relationship status, insurance status, education, income, and rurality and region) and preconception health, with a primary focus on rurality and region. The average preconception health risk index score among participants was 3.5, with higher average scores in rural areas than in urban areas. All factors were independently associated with preconception health. Compared with women living in the urban Northeast, women living in all rural and region groups, except the rural West, had increased preconception health risk. Preconception health scores from our study showed that, on average, a person had more than 3 risk factors or behaviors. Given the current state of reproductive health policy in the United States, increased efforts are needed to address preconception health.

Spatial pattern of urban-rural integration in China and the impact of geography

Urban-rural integration (URI) is a global challenge that is highly related to inequalities, poverty, economic growth, and other Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Existing research has evaluated the extent of URI and explored its influencing factors, but urban-rural linkages are seldom incorporated in evaluation systems, and geographical factors are rarely recognized as the influencing factors. We construct a URI framework including regional economy, rural development, urban-rural linkage, and urban-rural gap. Based on a dataset consisting of 1,669 counties in China in 2020, we reveal the spatial pattern of URI and find a high correlation between the spatial pattern of URI and the relief degree of land surface (RDLS). Using structural equation modeling, we discover that topography has direct (−0.18, p < 0.001) and indirect (−0.17, p < 0.001) effects on URI. The indirect negative effects are mediated through the infrastructure, and the combination of localized advantages and modern technical conditions could mitigate the negative impact of topography. Finally, we identify 742 counties as lagging regions in URI, which can be clustered into eight types. Our findings could facilitate policy designing for those countries striving for integrated and sustainable development of urban and rural areas.

PO45: Impact of Geography on Access to Endometrial Cancer Care and Post-Radiation Vaginal Stenosis at a High-Volume Urban Center

PO45: Impact of Geography on Access to Endometrial Cancer Care and Post-Radiation Vaginal Stenosis at a High-Volume Urban Center

Impact of geography on receipt of medical oncology consultation and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for triple negative and HER2 positive breast cancer.

1530 Background: Consensus guidelines recommend consideration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for most patients with early-stage triple negative (TN) and HER2 positive (HER2+) breast cancer. Based on our previous work, most patients are not seen by a medical oncologist prior to surgery and do not receive NAC. Although potential barriers are not well understood, distance to cancer centres has been shown to mediate medical oncology referral and use of systemic therapy for other malignancies. We therefore aimed to characterize the impact of region of residence and cancer centre proximity on receipt of pre-treatment medical oncology consultation and NAC for patients with TN and HER2+ breast cancer. Methods: Using linked administrative healthcare datasets in Ontario, Canada, we performed a retrospective population-based geographic analysis of women diagnosed with stage I-III TN or HER2+ breast cancer from 2012-2019. Outcomes were pre-treatment medical oncology consultation and initiation of NAC. We created choropleth maps to assess the spatial distribution of outcomes across census divisions, displaying cancer centres and outcomes by colour gradient using geographic information system analysis. To assess the relationship between distance to the nearest cancer centre and outcomes, we performed a multivariable regression analysis adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical factors, including tumour extent and nodal status. Results: Within the cohort of 12,881 patients, there was no statistically significant relationship between incremental distance to the nearest cancer centre (≤5 vs. 5-10, 10-25, and ≥25 km) and rate of medical oncology consultation or receipt of NAC. Mapping analysis demonstrated high interregional outcome variability, ranging across census divisions from 12.2% to 64.3% for medical oncology consultation rate, and 9.3% to 64.3% for NAC rate. 77.7% of patients referred to medical oncology received NAC. Conclusions: Among patients with TN and HER2+ early breast cancer, rates of medical oncology consultation and NAC were not significantly impacted by distance to cancer centres but varied highly by region. This variability suggests that regional and/or provider practice patterns, rather than distance, may underlie discrepancies in referral for NAC. These findings can inform further studies and interventions aiming to improve equitable access to NAC for patients with TN and HER2+ breast cancer.

"Difficult to Find, Stressful to Navigate": Parents' Experiences Accessing Affirming Care for Gender-Diverse Youth.

Purpose: Gender-diverse youth (GDY) face significant health disparities, which can be mitigated by gender-affirming medical care. Understanding parents' experiences seeking care for their GDY can identify barriers to care and improve access. This study sought to understand parents' experiences accessing gender-affirming medical care with their GDY. Methods: We asked parents of GDY in the United States to describe their experiences with gender-affirming medical care through a single open-ended item on an online survey disseminated through social media in February of 2020. Open-ended survey responses were analyzed through inductive thematic analysis by two authors using an iteratively developed codebook adjudicated by consensus. This codebook was used to identify key themes. Results: We analyzed 277 responses from majority White (93.9%) parents from 41 U.S. states. Themes included (1) Experiences accessing care: finding a provider, financial and insurance-related considerations, the impact of geography on care access; (2) Experiences receiving care: factors in successful or unsuccessful patient-provider interactions, differing approaches to initiating care, sense of community with other families; and (3) Outcomes related to receiving care: how care for their child was perceived to be lifesaving or helped their child thrive. Conclusions: Parents highlighted how access to gender-affirming medical care improved their GDY's health and wellbeing, and described numerous barriers they experienced with finding and receiving this care. Given the evidence that gender-affirming medical care mitigates health disparities, providers, policymakers, insurance companies, and health systems leaders should urgently address these challenges to ensure equitable receipt of care for all GDY.

The impact of geography and climate on the population structure and local adaptation in a wild bee.

Deciphering processes that contribute to genetic differentiation and divergent selection of natural populations is useful for evaluating the adaptive potential and resilience of organisms faced with various anthropogenic stressors. Insect pollinator species, including wild bees, provide critical ecosystem services but are highly susceptible to biodiversity declines. Here, we use population genomics to infer the genetic structure and test for evidence of local adaptation in an economically important native pollinator, the small carpenter bee (Ceratina calcarata). Using genome-wide SNP data (n = 8302), collected from specimens across the species' entire distribution, we evaluated population differentiation and genetic diversity and identified putative signatures of selection in the context of geographic and environmental variation. Results of the analyses of principal component and Bayesian clustering were concordant with the presence of two to three genetic clusters, associated with landscape features and inferred phylogeography of the species. All populations examined in our study demonstrated a heterozygote deficit, along with significant levels of inbreeding. We identified 250 robust outlier SNPs, corresponding to 85 annotated genes with known functional relevance to thermoregulation, photoperiod, and responses to various abiotic and biotic stressors. Taken together, these data provide evidence for local adaptation in a wild bee and highlight genetic responses of native pollinators to landscape and climate features.

The impact of geography and history on the architectural meaning of subculture societies from the perspective of semiotics

The impact of geography and history on the architectural meaning of subculture societies from the perspective of semiotics

Language Maps from Africa to Europe

Language maps, which reflect linguistic pluralism, multilingualism and the spread of languages across countries and empires were part of an evolving human history. Historically, language came under the impact of geography, political conflicts and colonization. Due to these factors, languages penetrate borders or ended up in isolation or even in extinction. In this context, the paper investigates selected language maps of many African, Asian, European and South American countries in order to underline the connections between language, politics, immigration, war and other related elements. The paper argues that current language maps in some geographical regions are similar to the political maps of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries because colonial languages continued to exist in these countries even after the departure of the colonizers. Further, the paper explores the spread of a variety of languages and their penetration in some countries, which constituted a great part of the European Union, in order to examine the impact of geo-politics on the changing status of language maps in Europe.

Evaluating the Plastic Surgery Match: The Impact of Geography and Prestige.

Evaluating the Plastic Surgery Match: The Impact of Geography and Prestige.

The impact of geography on receipt of cancer treatment in Montana.

140 Background: The challenges of cancer patients in rural areas are well-documented. Most rural hospitals do not deliver on-site cancer care services and lack infrastructure, specialty physicians and oncology-trained support personnel (i.e., nurses, advanced practice providers, and pharmacists) to deliver infusion services. Because of this, cancer patients travel long distances to receive treatment. Travel distance is associated with an increased financial burden and worse outcomes with cancer, including later stage at diagnosis, less timely receipt of chemotherapy, and delay or declination of treatment. According to America’s Health Rankings, high geographic disparity within the state of Montana remains a significant challenge to overall health. Chronic understaffing of oncologists further exacerbates the geographic barrier to cancer care. Methods: To assess the impact of these combined access barriers to cancer treatment, we utilized 5 year cumulative data (2014-2018) from the Montana tumor registry database to assess the impact of geographic disparity on cancer care for patients in Montana. Results: Overall 19.2% of Montanans did not receive treatment following a cancer diagnosis. This is similar to the percentage of cancer patients in Delaware that did not receive treatment (19.1%). Although the population of Delaware is similar to Montana, it is 1.3% of the size. While this suggests that distance may not impact the receipt of treatment for cancer, further analysis of treatment data for Montana by county demonstrated broad discrepancies in the receipt of treatment: No treatment ranged from 12.5% to 30.3%. When mapped geographically the counties with the highest percentage of “no treatment” were distant from the 8 Commission on Cancer-approved cancer centers within the state. A similar county-by-county analysis demonstrated no apparent relationship of “no treatment” with either socioeconomic deprivation or lack of insurance. Distance from Commission on Cancer-approved centers also correlated with traveling out of state to receive care. Conclusions: This analysis provides insight into the impact of geographic barriers on cancer treatment in Montana and identifies remote sites that could benefit from robust outreach and care services to improve cancer care delivery.

Methodological Framework of Structured Case Study in Urban Morphology: Preparedness to Pandemic from Theory Building

The morphological patterns of the Malay town are analysed using three main elements of urban form: road networks, building plots, and open space. However, considering the physical aspects of a city, as well as the impact of geography, social, economic, and political forces, allows us to establish a city's particular character, which may be altered by multiple socioeconomic changes brought on by the pandemic. There are few well-documented systematic procedures for examining the morphological changes associated with Malay settlement features, implying considerable differences in the approaches used. By describing techniques and analysing the urban form, this article aims to spark discussion on what an antifragile built environment might look like. It also aims to shed light on how to create dynamic pseudo adaptability in the old and historic town, particularly in terms of scale, urban morphology, and social life, by establishing a systematic analytical framework for the analysis of urban morphology. To exemplify the process of building the methodological structure, a single case study was undertaken in Kota Bharu's Old Settlement Zone. The case study is subdivided into four sections: a) conceptual structure, b) case study design framework, and c) mapping research framework. It is defined through an iterative process that described the specifics of crucial features to establish an extensive methodological framework for the Malay settlement by thoroughly developing and scrutinising methodological processes. Because the current pandemic is sharpening our understanding of the link between local and global action, as well as the power inherent in the application of professional and technical knowledge and practice, this paper hoped to help with the development of policies and guidelines, as well as the evaluation of proposals for post-pandemic urban morphological assessments.

Hospital provision in interwar Central Europe: a review of the field

ABSTRACT This article provides a comparative assessment of the provision of hospital services in interwar Central Europe. It presents the findings of a project to review the primary and secondary sources available for the study of healthcare in Czechoslovakia, Poland and Hungary 1918–38 and to provide initial conclusions about how these new states embarked on the task of constructing an institutional infrastructure. The historiographical and archival review demonstrates some of the problems inherent in comparative history, especially the diverse, and often patchy, range of sources available. Building on this it explores three themes: provision and growth of the hospitals of each nation; the impact of geography, especially urban and rural and western and eastern divides, on that infrastructure; and the modes and problems of funding institutional care. It considers the problems each nation faced in constructing a new national healthcare system out of two or even three existing modes of delivery and the barriers faced by largely rural nations when attempting to construct and fund a modern institutional infrastructure.