Impact Of COVID-19 Research Articles

The impact of COVID-19 infection on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

COVID-19 has a negative impact on the survival of respiratory patients, especially those with interstitial lung disease. This review aims to better understand the effect of COVID-19 on patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). A systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus performed from December 2019 up to July 2024 identified relevant studies. Eligibility criteria included English language, sample size ≥10 patients, COVID-19 infection and outcome measures. Two independent reviewers assessed studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for bias and extracted data. Meta-analysis employed a random-effects model, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation assessed evidence quality. Outcomes considered were hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and mortality. Of the 1541 initially identified articles, 6 high-quality studies were included. Meta-analysis revealed a 34% mortality rate [95% confidence interval (CI): 21-48%], 36% hospitalization rate (95% CI: 10-75%), and 31% ICU admission rate (95% CI: 7-71%) among IPF patients with COVID-19. The certainty of evidence was low or very low due to publication bias and heterogeneity. This study underscores the elevated risk of hospitalization and death in IPF patients with COVID-19, emphasizing the vulnerability of this population. Prompt and tailored care is crucial to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on IPF patients, necessitating proactive measures, vaccination, and comprehensive management.

Latent profile of personality traits for American older adults and its transition during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The impact of COVID-19 on older adults' personality development is essential for emergency management but under-researched. This study seeks to explore the personality profiles of older adults living in the United States and how these profiles transitioned during the pandemic. Longitudinal data were collected from 3,550 adults aged 60 and older who participated in both the 2016 and 2020 waves of the Health and Retirement Survey (61.18% female, mean age 65.85 in 2016). Personality traits were assessed using the Midlife Development Inventory. COVID-19-related experiences including pandemic concerns, restricted healthcare access, financial instability, work challenges, disrupted social connections, and mutual aid behaviors. Latent Profile Analysis and Transition Analysis were used for analysis. Three distinct personality profiles were identified: Well-adjusted, Moderate-adjusted, and Poor-adjusted. About 42% of respondents experienced personality changes during the pandemic. Higher levels of COVID-19 concern were linked to an increased likelihood of transitioning to Poor-adjusted from Moderate (OR=1.06, p<0.05) or Well-adjusted (OR=1.05, p<0.01). Challenges such as healthcare delays and financial hardships hindered transitions from Poor- to Moderate-adjusted (Healthcare delay: OR=0.39, p<0.05; Financial hardships: OR=0.67, p<0.05) but increased the likelihood of Moderate-adjusted individuals transitioning to Poor-adjusted (Healthcare delay: OR=1.46, p<0.05; Financial hardships: OR=1.51, p<0.05). However, Poor-adjusted individuals who provided help to others were more likely to transition to Moderate-adjusted (OR=2.71, p<0.01). Personality transitions during crisis are significant among older adults. Future interventions should focus on addressing traumatic concerns, encouraging helping behaviors, and mitigating healthcare and financial challenges to support older adults' personality development during crisis.

COVID-19 incidence and cardiorespiratory fitness among first-year college students.

With the emergence of the COVID-19 virus, there was a widespread infection rate among college campuses, creating a need to understand the impact of COVID-19 infection on the health and wellbeing of adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine COVID-19 incidence and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) among undergraduate students in the 2 years post-COVID-19 pandemic lock-down. Participants (n = 151) included undergraduate college freshmen students during the 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 academic years. A series of annual surveys (n = 151) and laboratory measures among a sub-sample of participants (n = 28) were conducted to assess COVID-19 incidence, CRF, anthropometrics, and physical activity (PA). Over half of participants self-reported COVID-19 infection (59%), "good" or better CRF, a healthy body mass index (BMI), and 25% met PA recommendations. Nearly a quarter, (24%) perceived a negative impact of COVID-19 on their CRF and although not statistically significant, participants who contracted COVID-19 had 46% lower odds of having a positive perception of CRF than those who did not contract COVID-19 before. However, students who were more physically active were more likely to perceive a negative impact of COVID-19 incidence on their CRF (p = 0.035). Although no relationship was detected between COVID-19 and CRF, those who perceived a negative impact of COVID-19 on their CRF reported engaging in more physical activity.

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on water quality of major rivers in Sri Lanka

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 lockdown resulted in a reduction in human activities, lowering pollution levels in these rivers. Nevertheless, limited research can be found on the impact of COVID-19 on river water quality in Sri Lankan rivers. Therefore, this research was carried out to investigate the water quality index (WQI) of four major rivers (Mahaweli, Nilwala, Kelani, and Kalu) in Sri Lanka in three consecutive time slots spanning from 2019 to 2022 (before, during, and after the lockdown). In-depth WQI analysis has unveiled nuanced dynamics in river health. While the lockdown period contributed to positive alterations in key parameters, subsequent periods demonstrated declining water quality post-lockdown. This decline underscores the direct correlation between human activity and river water quality deterioration. Several parameters showed positive changes during the lockdown, indicating an improvement in river water quality. When comparing the periods before, during, and after the lockdown, pH, colour, turbidity, total iron, sulphate, chloride, total coliform, and E. coli all showed a significant positive impact. However, some parameters, such as fluoride and electrical conductivity (EC), had a neutral effect. This study sheds light on the positive effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on reducing river pollution in Sri Lanka.

Seasonal variation and demographic characteristics of acute tonsillitis and peritonsillar abscess in ENT practices in Germany (2019-2023).

Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is a common soft tissue infection of the head and neck. It remains unclear to what extent inflammatory diseases of the palatine tonsils or other infections contribute to the development of PTA. This study examines the demographic characteristics and seasonal variations of acute tonsillitis (aT) and PTA in ENT practices in Germany using a practice database. Retrospective analysis based on data from the German-wide IQVIA™ Disease Analyzer database for the period 2019 to 2023. Data include diagnoses of aT (ICD-10: J03) and PTA (ICD-10: J36) as well as patient demographics (age, sex). Seasonal variations were identified by analysing the monthly diagnosis rates. The Pearson correlation between the monthly case numbers of aT and PTA was determined. 59,934 cases of aT and 5,024 cases of PTA were recorded. The mean age was 30.3 years (aT) and 39.4 years (PTA). The proportion of female patients was 60% (aT) and 49% (PTA). Both diagnoses showed seasonal variations with peaks in winter and spring and a decline in summer, although the decline was less pronounced for PTA. The monthly case numbers of aT and PTA showed high correlations between r = 0.75 (2019) and r = 0.94 (2020). The average correlation for the period 2019-2023 was r = 0.81. During the coronavirus pandemic, a significant decrease in the case numbers of both diseases was observed, while the typical seasonal variations disappeared. After the pandemic, the case numbers increased to higher levels than before the pandemic. aT and PTA both show seasonal variations with peaks in winter and spring and a decline in summer. The correlation between the variations of aT and PTA could be related to a partly common aetiology or to the specific sample of the practice database. The attenuation of seasonal variation during the coronavirus pandemic illustrates the impact of COVID-19 on the incidence of other diseases and on the use of healthcare pathways by patients.

Implementing creative dance activities for primary school children to improve health and wellbeing: a qualitative study in the North East England.

Evidence suggests that group arts activities with children build resilience and positive mental wellbeing. However, insufficient attention has been paid to how such activities can be implemented in practice across different contexts, particularly in socio-economically disadvantaged areas. Therefore, we explored the implementation of a dance-based intervention in two primary schools situated in an area of high economic deprivation in North East England. Our study explored Year 1 (age 5-6) and Year 5 (age 9-10) children, their parents, teachers and dance artists' views of a creative dance intervention (South Tees Arts project; STAR) in two schools in North East England, using interviews and focus groups, combined with innovative data capture activities (i.e. movement activities, graffiti walls, songs and Vox Pops). Children felt that STAR contributed positively to their emotional wellbeing and physical health. Teachers noticed improved confidence, engagement, literacy, and social and motor skills and less disruptive behaviour in class. Benefits continued beyond school, with children exercising at home to practice their dance moves. Several implementation barriers were identified ranging from limited time, large classes, dealing with challenging behaviours, the impact of COVID-19, stigma and anxiety. In response to these challenges, several solutions were developed during project delivery, such as artists and children working in pairs and role modelling by teachers and dance artists. We found three underlying mechanisms for successful implementation: (1) constant communication between teachers, dance artists and parents was essential to managing challenging behaviours, building personal relationships with children, and helping parents to get involved and support their children at home. (2) Linking dance activities to the school curriculum (using narratives from existing reading schemes) helped to support skill gaps. (3) A strong ethos of partnership between school, dance and arts providers and researchers ensured the adaptability and flexibility of projects.

Comparing the Prevalence and Characteristics of Chest Pain in Children and Adolescents Pre- and Post-COVID-19: A Retrospective Study.

Chest pain is a common complaint among pediatric patients, often leading to visits to Emergency Departments or outpatient clinics. While most cases are benign, timely diagnosis is essential to prevent fatalities in those with serious conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic has shifted healthcare dynamics, necessitating an understanding of its impact on pediatric health, including potential complications such as chest pain, fever, cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, and headache. This study aims to explore the prevalence, characteristics, and potential association between COVID-19 and chest pain in children during two time periods: 2019 (before the COVID-19 pandemic) and 2021 (the full year during the pandemic). Data were collected from medical records and telephone interviews with pediatric patients presenting with chest pain at the University of Jordan Hospital. The study included a sample size of 3294 patients with selection criteria based on presenting symptoms and COVID-19 status. Data collection occurred from 2019 and 2021, and demographic information (age, gender, weight), medical history (perinatal and family history), COVID-19 status (vaccination, infection history), and details about chest pain (frequency, onset) were documented. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate differences between the two time periods using IBMSPSSStatistics for Windows, Version 28 (Released 2021; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). The results indicate a significant increase in the number of patients presenting with chest pain in 2021 compared to 2019 (P value = .0157). The mean age of patients was 11 years, predominantly male. There was a notable increase in the percentage of patients with comorbidities in 2021. Echocardiography results were normal in approximately 84% of cases across both years, with no significant differences in ECG outcomes. Palpitations remained the most common associated symptom. 4.6 % of patients in 2021 were confirmed to have COVID-19, most of whom were diagnosed with muscular causes of chest pain. Notably, none of the patients had received the COVID-19 vaccine. This study highlights a marked increase in pediatric patients presenting with chest pain during the pandemic, although characteristics and underlying causes remained consistent between years. The rise in cases may be attributed to heightened awareness rather than a direct link to COVID-19. Recommendations for clinical practice include careful evaluation of chest pain in pediatric patients during the pandemic, considering psychosocial factors and the broader impact of COVID-19 on health-seeking behaviors. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of COVID-19 on pediatric populations and explore the psychological implications on health service utilization. This study underscores the need for ongoing assessment of pediatric healthcare practices amid evolving pandemic conditions.

Long-Term Impacts of COVID-19 on Thyroid Health: Insights From Clinical Studies.

COVID-19 emerged in December 2019 and rapidly became a global pandemic. It has since been associated with the progression of various endocrine disorders, including thyroid disease. The long-term effects of this interplay have yet to be explored. This review explores the relationship between COVID-19 and thyroid diseases, emphasizing thyroid gland function and the clinical implications for managing thyroid disorders in infected individuals. This narrative review intends to provide insight into the scope of research that future clinical studies may aim to address regarding the long-term effects of COVID-19 infection on thyroid health. Keywords including "thyroid disease", "COVID-19", and "long-term" were used to search PubMed and Google Scholar for updated and relevant clinical research. COVID-19 affects the thyroid gland multifacetedly and includes direct viral invasion, immune-mediated damage, and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis disruption. Approximately 15% of COVID-19 patients experience thyroid dysfunction, which can present as thyrotoxicosis, hypothyroidism, or non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTI). Noteworthy findings include inflammatory thyroiditis. Long-term effects, including those observed in children, include persistent hypothyroidism and exacerbated pre-existing thyroid-autoimmune conditions. Management of thyroid disorders in COVID-19 patients requires consideration: anti-thyroid drug (ATD) therapy used to treat hyperthyroidism in COVID-19 patients may need adjustment to prevent immunosuppression. Radioactive iodine (ROI) alternatives and interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor antagonists could offer potential benefits and should be further explored. Longitudinal follow-ups post-COVID-19 for patients with new and pre-existing thyroid disorders can improve disease outcomes. In addition, pathophysiological research on thyroid dysfunction in COVID-19 may help develop strategies to prevent and alleviate thyroid gland abnormalities post-COVID-19.

NAVIGATING THE SHIFT: HOW CASHLESS PAYMENTS, INTEREST RATES, AND COVID-19 AFFECT MONEY SUPPLY

The purpose of this study was to find out how the influence of non-cash payments (debit cards, credit cards, and e-money), BI7DRR interest rates, and the impact of covid-19 on the money supply in Indonesia. The data used is monthly time series data, from September 2018 to August 2021. This study uses a quantitative approach using the Error Correction Model (ECM) method. The data analysis techniques used include: stationarity test, cointegration test, long-term and short-term ECM estimation, classical assumption test, and hypothesis testing. The results show that in the long-term debit cards and e-money have a positive and significant effect on money supply, credit cards and dummy (the impact of covid-19) have no significant effect on money supply, interest rates have a negative and significant effect on money supply. While in the short-term debit cards and dummy (the impact of covid-19) have a positive and significant effect on money supply, credit cards, e-money, and interest rates have no significant effect on money supply.

The role of fear as a barrier and facilitator to antiretroviral therapy initiation in Indonesia: insights from patients and providers

ABSTRACT Initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Indonesia poses major challenges, with limited studies on specific ART initiation barriers and facilitators. Using a socioecological approach, we explored, through semi-structured interviews, the perspectives of 67 participants: 17 people with HIV not (yet) on ART, 30 people with HIV on treatment, and 20 HIV service providers (HSPs). Fears emerged as pervasive barriers to initiation encompassing, at the intrapersonal level, (irrational) fears of negative medical and non-medical consequences. At the health system level, fears were linked to concerns about bureaucracy and insufficient universal coverage. On a societal level, fears stemmed from prevalent myths, misinformation on social media, and the impact of COVID-19. Interestingly, fear also served as a facilitator to initiation. At the intrapersonal level, initiation was driven by a fear of deteriorating health or death due to AIDS-related conditions. At the interpersonal level, buddies and HSPs leveraged to motivate initiation. At the societal level, accurate yet fear-inducing information on social media stimulated initiation. Perspectives differed between people with HIV and HSP, with people with HIV emphasizing barriers on intrapersonal to health system levels, while HSP focused mostly on intrapersonal and interpersonal barriers, albeit recognizing the crucial role of health systems.

Bayesian poisson regression tensor train decomposition model for learning mortality pattern changes during COVID-19 pandemic

COVID-19 has led to excess deaths around the world. However, the impact on mortality rates from other causes of death during this time remains unclear. To understand the broader impact of COVID-19 on other causes of death, we analyze Italian official data covering monthly mortality counts from January 2015 to December 2020. To handle the high-dimensional nature of the data, we developed a model that combines Poisson regression with tensor train decomposition to explore the lower-dimensional residual structure of the data. Our Bayesian approach incorporates prior information on model parameters and utilizes an efficient Metropolis-Hastings within Gibbs algorithm for posterior inference. Simulation studies were conducted to validate our approach. Our method not only identifies differential effects of interventions on cause-specific mortality rates through Poisson regression but also provides insights into the relationship between COVID-19 and other causes of death. Additionally, it uncovers latent classes related to demographic characteristics, temporal patterns, and causes of death.

Projecting the impact of COVID-19 on education and intergenerational mobility in Sub-Saharan Africa

AbstractUsing microsimulations, we project the effect of instructional losses caused by COVID-19 on secondary school completion rates and intergenerational mobility of education in eight countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. On average, secondary school completion rates could decrease by 12 percentage points overall and by 16 points for children with low-educated parents. Interestingly, in most countries the gender gap diminishes because, for men, the projected decrease in secondary school completion is higher. A small additional impact on girls’ education due to the potential rise in teenage pregnancy is observed in some countries. Intergenerational mobility of education in the eight Sub-Saharan countries in our sample is expected to decrease, on average, by 10%.

Analysis of Studies on Digital Strategy: Bibliometric Research of Three Decades

This article empirically examines the research on digital strategy, addressing its temporal evolution, sources of scientific production, countries and organizations generating knowledge, and the topics investigated. It highlights key authors and journals from 1991 to 2023, contributing to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 9. Methodologically, traditional bibliometric laws and computational tools (VOSviewer software version 1.6.18) were applied for data processing. The results show an exponential increase in publications from 2005 to 2022 with a critical mass in digital strategy studies, concentrated in 11 journals and 83 authors with two or more publications. The main organizations leading scientific production in this field are in the USA. Finally, the primary Web of Science categories for the leading journals are Business, Management, and Psychology. The research examines the use and adoption of digital strategies in marketing, the impact of digital transformation on business models, and the challenges it poses for human resources. In addition, the challenges arising from the impact of COVID-19, the rise of artificial intelligence, and the integration of digital strategies in public administration should continue to be addressed. Finally, digital transformation is a topic of increasing interest in digital strategy studies.

The journey to building a diverse, equitable, and inclusive American Medical Informatics Association.

The American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) Task Force on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) was established to address systemic racism and health disparities in biomedical and health informatics, aligning with AMIA's mission to transform healthcare. AMIA's DEI initiatives were spurred by member voices responding to police brutality and COVID-19's impact on Black/African American communities. The Task Force, consisting of 20 members across 3 groups aligned with AMIA's 2020-2025 Strategic Plan, met biweekly to develop DEI recommendations with the help of 16 additional volunteers. These recommendations were reviewed, prioritized, and presented to the AMIA Board of Directors for approval. In 9 months, the Task Force (1) created a logic model to support workforce diversity and raise AMIA's DEI awareness, (2) conducted an environmental scan of other associations' DEI activities, (3) developed a DEI framework for AMIA meetings, (4) gathered member feedback, (5) cultivated DEI educational resources, (6) created a Board nominations and diversity session, (7) reviewed the Board's Strategic Planning for DEI alignment, (8) led a program to increase diversity at the 2020 AMIA Virtual Annual Symposium, and (9) standardized socially-assigned race and ethnicity data collection. The Task Force proposed actionable recommendations that focused on AMIA's role in addressing systemic racism and health equity, helping the organization understand its member diversity. This work supported marginalized groups, broadened the research agenda, and positioned AMIA as a DEI leader while reinforcing the need for ongoing transformation within informatics.

An Empirical Study on Asset Pricing Models Based on The Chinese A-Share Market

Based on the analysis of the A-share markets in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2000 to 2023, this paper systematically evaluates the applicability and explanatory power of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), the Fama-French Three-Factor Model (FF3) and the Fama-French Five-Factor Model (FF5) in the Chinese market. The study finds that although CAPM has some explanatory power in the early stage, the three-factor and five-factor models can better explain the cross-sectional changes in stock returns as the market develops. In the descriptive statistics, each factor's volatility and correlation reveal the Chinese market's unique characteristics, such as the relative strength of small-cap and growth stocks. In the regression analysis, the results of the Fama-MacBeth regression showed that the significance and explanatory power of the market factor, size factor and value factor were different in different models. Further robustness analysis reveals the COVID-19's impact on the model's performance through the sub-period analysis. This paper provides a new perspective on understanding the asset pricing of China's A-share market and a theoretical basis for investors' investment decisions. It also points out the limitations of existing models in explaining emerging market equity returns. It suggests that future research can deeply explore the performance of more factors in different market environments.

From Modern Ideas-Theories, and Pandemic, Garden-Cities of To-Morrow, and Today

This research delves into the come-back of the garden-cities in the wake of recent pandemic changed urban dynamics and reshaping cities, particularly Istanbul. At the onset of the 20th century, E. Howard&amp;apos;s book on Garden-cities of To-morrow and his idealized garden-city models gained global prominence. The Pandemic led to people to rethink their living and working conditions and patterns in a way that had not been considered before. Thus, with the regulations imposed by the pandemic, the people began to look for an airier, and greener lifestyle in nature. Initially in the popularized cities in the late-20th century, first innovative housing models resurfaced on the urban agenda in the context of climate-change concerns, green architecture, and sustainable design. While architectural and urban planning changes have historically revolved around innovative housing models driven by sustainability, the impact of COVID-19 prompted a renewed focus on these old models. The pandemic&amp;apos;s effects surpassed initial expectations, became nearly permanent leading people to question old planning theories and the metropolitan life model imposed throughout the 20th century. Presently, with growing awareness of green architecture and renewed interest in historical concepts, E. Howard&amp;apos;s garden-city model was the previous century’s phenomenal idea have recently come-back and unexpectedly regained attention following the recent pandemic. These models, widely recognized as English garden-city models in Europe, also found prevalence under different terms like &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;cité-jardins&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; in France and &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Garten-stadts&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; in Germany. In Istanbul, the model was introduced by European, French, and Italian architects, adapting creating unique model for city, &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;cité-parc&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, (park-city) Bosphorus-Heights by French architect-urbanist Henri Prost. According to the findings of case-study focused specifically in Istanbul, it is achieved that another unique model a healthy-city concept emerged during the pandemic as a novel derivative of E. Howard’s old garden-city model originally. Consequently, this study proves that not only come-back of the old garden-city models, but also it is possible to their adaptability within contemporary urban agendas, considering such as sustainability and pandemics.

Exploring Pre and Post COVID-19 Educational Practices at Higher Educational Institutions (HEI’s) in Kazakhstan

This study delves into how the COVID-19 pandemic reshaped educational practices in higher education institutions (HEIs), focusing on the transition from traditional to online learning. Through qualitative interviews with faculty members it examined the readiness of the university for distance learning, changes in teaching methodologies, and technological advancements. While the initial readiness to online learning was limited, the HEI quickly provided support and resources. Teaching methods evolved towards more interactive approaches, despite challenges in assessment and student engagement. Technological advancements facilitated by the pandemic offer opportunities for enhancing teaching and learning. This research offers insights into the transformative impact of COVID-19 on educational practices in HEIs. The findings highlight a swift move to online learning, necessitating the adoption of digital tools by educators. Despite initial limitations in readiness, the university quickly provided the necessary support and resources. This led to an evolution in teaching methods towards more interactive approaches, despite challenges in assessment and student engagement. Recommendations include investing in technological infrastructure, prioritizing faculty training, and promoting alternative assessment methods. Keywords: COVID-19, higher education institutions (HEIs), educational practices, online learning, distance learning

Reverse mixed ownership reform and financial risks in private enterprise

The mixed ownership reform is an important part of the economic restructuring in our country. In addition to the participation of non-state-owned capital in soes, it is also more and more common for state-owned capital to participate in the reverse mixed ownership reform of private enterprises. As an important force in China's economic development, the national economy has entered a new normal in recent years, and due to the impact of COVID-19, the Sino-US trade war and other events, many private enterprises have fallen into financial crisis and entered a "wave of closure." Based on this background, this paper empirically studies the impact of state-owned capital shareholding on the financial risk of private enterprises by using the sample of A-share listed enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock exchanges from 2007 to 2021. In addition, this paper also discusses the influencing mechanism from two aspects of resource acquisition and governance supervision, and further analyzes that the effect of reverse mixed ownership reform of private enterprises on reducing financial risk mainly comes from the shareholding of state-owned non-financial institutions. This paper enriches the research on the economic consequences of reverse mixed ownership reform and the influencing factors of financial risks, and provides new ideas for improving the ability of private enterprises to prevent financial risks and promoting the healthy and stable development of private enterprises.

Health impact of the COVID-19 in Spanish non-healthcare workers by gender: Use of sickness absence for surveillance.

At the beginning of the pandemic, the identification of transmission chains was biased towards more closely monitored sectors, such as healthcare and sociosanitary centers. The objective of our research is to describe the impact of the pandemic on the Spanish non-healthcare workers measured through health-related workplace absences. A descriptive study of the cases of COVID-19-related temporary disability (TD) between February 15th and September 17th, 2020, was carried out. TD quarantine/infection ratios were calculated for every economic sector of activity. Rates of COVID-19 TDs per 100,000 affiliated workers were obtained, by gender, age, economic activity of the company or occupation of the worker. A total of 1,126,755 TDs were recorded, 45.4% in women. The overall TD rates were 5,465 quarantines and 1,878 illnesses per 100,000 women, and 4,883 quarantines and 1,690 illnesses per 100,000 men. The highest incidence rates of TD due to illness were observed in younger age groups, under 30. The median TD quarantine/infection ratio was 2.6 (Interquartile range [IQR] 1.5-3.9), and Postal and Courier activities had the highest value: 4.7 quarantines per case (IQR: 3.75-6.12). The TD rates were higher in female workers in most sectors of activity and occupations compared to men in the same sectors and with the same occupations. The results show the uneven impact of COVID-19 by occupation, with a higher rates in less qualified occupations (unskilled workers and laborers) versus the first categories of the table (directors, managers, technicians, and professionals). The results confirmed the high impact of COVID-19 on Spanish non-healthcare workers and it's inequalities. They also confirmed the potential use of TDs as an alternative source for epidemiological, public health surveillance and early warning of new emerging infections.

COVID-19's Impact in Long-Term Care Facilities: The Health and Coping Strategies of Older Adults and Their Families.

Describe the stressors that long-term care facility (LTCF) residents and their family members were exposed to during the COVID-19 pandemic, the resources they mobilised to cope with them, and the strategies used by professionals to support them. A descriptive qualitative design study. Between March 2021 and February 2022, we carried out semi-structured interviews with 8 LTCF residents, 11 family members, and 6 focus groups made up of healthcare and support staff from 8 LTCFs. Three themes emerged: (1) residents and family members: separated and suffering, (2) residents and family members: reinventing themselves, and (3) staff: attempts to maintain residents' well-being. LTCF Residents' and their family members' exposure to the various stressors linked to the COVID-19 pandemic generated suffering. Healthcare and support staff implemented strategies to support them, notably to maintain links between them. Some deep reflection must occur on the concepts of LTCF residents' autonomy and self-determination when implementing protective measures in future pandemic situations. This study has provided new insights into the nature of the stressors faced by LTCF residents and their families, and the measures implemented by professionals to support them. The role of the families of LTCF residents needs to be better recognised. Our results indicate the importance of involving nurses in discussions on patient autonomy and self-determination when implementing protective measures (in a pandemic situation). Exploring the nature of the stressors experienced by LTCF residents and their families enables professionals to tailor strategies to support them. Maintaining residents' self-determination is essential when implementing protective measures. Families involved with residents must be recognised and included in the assessment of stressors and the personalisation and implementation of strategies to support LTCF residents. No Patient or Public Contribution.