Impact Of Technological Change Research Articles

Impact of Technological Change on Growth and Agricultural Sector in Gujarat State of India: A Time-Series Data Study

This study assessed the growth rate of commercial and food-grain crops due to technological change in Gujarat. Growth rate model was employed to examine the growth rate of area sown, production and yield of crops. Subsequently, impact of technological change, and other inputs on yield of individual crop was estimated using a Cobb-Douglas production function model. Time trend factor was used as a proxy variable to capture the impact of technological change, and other inputs (i.e., area sown, irrigated area, application of fertilizer, agricultural labors, rural literate population and annual actual rainfall) on yield of crops. Growth rate of cropped area, production and yield of cotton, sugarcane, castor, potato, rice, arhar, maize, gram and wheat crops were seemed positive in Gujarat. Yield of cotton, sugarcane, castor, rice, arhar, maize, bajra, gram, wheat, jowar ragi, potato, groundnut, sesamum, rapeseed&mustard and soyabeans crops was positively associated with time trend factors. Furthermore, the regression coefficient of time trend factor with yield of cotton, tobacco, potato, groundnut, sesamum, rapeseed & mustard, rice, arhar, maize, bajra, gram, wheat, jowar and ragi was reported positive and statistically significant. Hence, the estimates shows that yield of aforesaid crops were improved due to application of technological change in agricultural sector in Gujarat. Several practical policy suggestions are given to increase the use of technology in agricultural sector to improve the growth of major food-grain and commercial crops.

Pathways of regional transformation and Industry 4.0

ABSTRACT We explore the impact of technological changes brought in by the Fourth Industrial Revolution on local systems of industrial specialization. To do so we connect the Evolutional Economic Geography literature on regional diversification with the literature on systems change, notably the multilevel perspective (MLP) framework, expanding the latter with a place-based dimension enabling the application of technological transition to regional economies. Here, a local system’s ability to transform rests on three capabilities: innovation capabilities, docking capabilities and translational capabilities. Building on these, we identify four transformative paths: an endogenous transformative path; a hyper-transformative path; an importation transformative path; and a regional obsolescence path. We stress that local systems are not locked into a particular pathway, with implications for place-based industrial policy.

Призрак цифрового права

In the article, the author examines the problem of the impact of technological changes on the legal regulation of public relations, namely the development of digital technologies, how significant such an impact turned out to be and whether, in this regard, significant changes in the principles and mechanisms of legal regulation are required. It is asserted in the article that the problem how to adapt existing legal forms in order to address inevitable changes in public relationships (does not matter what the cause of these changes is: the so called “digitalization” or something else) may be relatively easily resolved. What we need to do is to segregate those aspects of the factual side of relationships in question that should have legal consequences from the rest, that is from those aspects that may be ignored by law. In order to illustrate this thesis the author considers two examples: the semiconductor chip protection and the electronic signature as a way to identify an entity who expressed a will. The author comes to the conclusion that the existing legal instruments for regulating the emerging new factual relations are sufficient, but they must be used correctly. The author gives examples of such law enforcement within the framework of the article.

Labour, media and technology: editors’ introduction

ABSTRACT This special issue considers how the gendered dimensions of technology intersect with labour and media, in both historical and contemporary settings. The junctures where women have gained more access to technology,such as during the Second World War, show that a crisis that disrupts gendered labour patterns can create spaces of possibility. Yet women must still contend with deeply held notions about the relationship between technological proficiency and masculinity that cross space and time. The persistent under-representation of women in technical occupations in the media suggests that the association between masculine labour and technology remains strong. Contributors consider unpaid labour in feminist activism, women’s technical work in male-dominated areas of broadcasting and photography, and the impact of technological change on women’s careers in the media. New feminist methodological tools for analysing and amplifying hidden layers of media and communication work are also proposed.

The development of the economic sciences: two contemporary tendencies

The paper discusses two important trends that have shaped research in the economic sciences over the last two decades. The first one is the growing interdisciplinarity of economic research. The second one is the impact of technological changes on research in the economic sciences. The paper presents the author’s systematization of these problems.

Impact of technological change in cashew production in south Konkan region of Maharashtra

Cashewnut (Anacardium occidentale L.) a cash crop also called as Dollar earning crop. Maharashtra is leading state in production and productivity of cashew due to maximum adaptation of high yielding varieties and modern technologies developed by the Dr. BSKKV, Dapoli, Ratnagiri. The study entitled, “Technological change in cashew production in south Konkan region (Maharashtra) – an economic analysis” was undertaken specific objectives, to estimate the technical efficiency in cashew production across level of adoption and to assess the impact of technology on productivity. 320 cashew growers were selected for the study. Technical efficiency for all farms were calculated by using frontier production function and then the farms were grouped into three categories. As the results show that, in Vengurla - 4 variety orchard more farms had medium technical efficiency i.e., between 50 to 75 per cent as compared to low (< 50%) and high (> 75%) technical efficiency group. Average per cent of technical efficiency at overall level was 67.19 per cent. Among the groups such as low, medium and high adopters it was 59.34 per cent, 56.37 per cent and 90.25 per cent, respectively. At overall level about 62 farms had high technical efficiency more than 75 per cent, 233 farms had medium technical efficiency (50 to 75%) and about 25 farms had low technical efficiency (less than 50%). The use of chemical fertilizers and plant protection chemicals were sparse. This concluded that the farmers were not properly aware about the use of chemical fertilizers and followed the pest management schedule. It is also showed that, there is potential to increase the yield, through technology adoption. For increasing farm income of the farmer, they must be using the modern cashew production technologies.

The Impact of Technological Changes of PVC Light Partitions and Glazing on the Risk Connected with the Organization of International Transport

Abstract The Author of the article proves that in practice the suitable result concerning the balanced development and the effective use of resources should be controlled simultaneously. The setting of the parameters of thermal isolation for constructional products such as light partitions and glazing (windows and doors) with respect to technological development of products is not enough. Production, the product and its transport makes the whole arrangement of processes that influence the entirety resulting from ecology, transport and the effective use of resources. The only way to meet the demands of the strategy described in the EU documents is to implement such product design that assumes for example the optimal transport possibilities.

The influence of technological changes in energy efficiency on the infrastructure deterioration in the energy sector

The energy and its entire related infrastructure are the main drivers for a economic development and for ensuring a good level of employment. As part of a global study about international energy sector, we evaluate here the impact of technological changes on the state of the energy infrastructure. This study includes a detailed analysis of the global challenges facing the energy industry. We propose scenarios for the development of a modernized energy infrastructure with an assessment of the entire energy system. Our evaluation indicators are chosen in terms of the reliability of the energy infrastructure, of its quality, of the accidents that may happen and of the consequent environmental risks. This study is particularly adapted for forecasting the necessary measures (of technical nature, of governance kind) that have to be implemented to reduce the acceleration of the infrastructure deterioration rate. Our results reveal that the use of digital and information technologies has many positive impacts on the development and on the control of an efficient consumption of energy. In addition, our predictions, due to the further modernization of the energy sector, can contribute and help in the creation of preconditions that will be highly stimulating and profitable to the growth of investments in the energy infrastructure.

The impact of technological change on new trade: Evidence from the container revolution

AbstractWe estimate the impact of the container revolution on new trade in temperature‐sensitive products. Our identification strategy is justified by a historical narrative suggesting that the containerization of bilateral trading routes was exogenous to the occurrence of new trade in temperature‐sensitive products because their small trade volumes made them inconsequential for the adoption of the container technology. Employing product‐level data on containerizability, our benchmark estimates imply that containerization caused an increase in the likelihood of new trade in temperature‐sensitive products in the orders of 2.4% between 1964 and 1973 and 7.5% between 1964 and 1983.

New Marketing Strategy to Increase Sales in the Digital Transformation Competition in Indonesia a Case Study of PT XYZ

Digital transformation aims to manage an organization in light of progressing digitalization to assure sustainable value creation since it is a key to develop the new opportunity, product, and sales. PT XYZ gives data-driven solutions for business challenges helping decision-makers to build new revenue streams, to create better customer experiences, and to lower business costs. Therefore, the marketing plan is the main issue for PT XYZ to increase sales and raise awareness of the market in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to propose a new marketing strategy for PT XYZ to compete in the digital infrastructure competition. The author would like to analyze the external and internal data using the qualitative and quantitative methods to formulate SWOT. The SWOT result used to propose new marketing strategies to increase sales and market share in Indonesia with a new STP and 7P marketing mix. In general, the impact of technological change and the right marketing strategy on PT XYZ has a positive effect because it improves human life quality and sustainable society.

New Marketing Strategy to Increase Sales in the Digital Transformation Competition in Indonesia a Case Study of PT XYZ

Digital transformation aims to manage an organization in light of progressing digitalization to assure sustainable value creation since it is a key to develop the new opportunity, product, and sales. PT XYZ gives data-driven solutions for business challenges helping decision-makers to build new revenue streams, to create better customer experiences, and to lower business costs. Therefore, the marketing plan is the main issue for PT XYZ to increase sales and raise awareness of the market in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to propose a new marketing strategy for PT XYZ to compete in the digital infrastructure competition. The author would like to analyze the external and internal data using the qualitative and quantitative methods to formulate SWOT. The SWOT result used to propose new marketing strategies to increase sales and market share in Indonesia with a new STP and 7P marketing mix. In general, the impact of technological change and the right marketing strategy on PT XYZ has a positive effect because it improves human life quality and sustainable society.

Technological change and unemployment: evidence from China

ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of technological change on unemployment in China’s labour market based on a recent panel data of 283 prefectural-level cities from 2010 to 2017. The results obtained by the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM-SYS) estimation show that massive adoption of robots is a significant driving force raising unemployment rate while there is a reverse change in the longer period; the insignificant estimates of utility patent and its lagged terms indicate the weak and non-persistent relationship between unemployment and patent-related innovation.

Developing Online Master's Programs for Teacher-Librarians

This paper explores the development of the Teacher-Librarianship by Distance Learning Program at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It explores the development of the program from 1997 onwards, discusses the challenges and opportunities of Learning Management Systems, and explores key changes in the program over time. One key change has been the impact of technological changes and advances on teaching and learning. Participatory Culture and Connectivism are explained and the implications for this program are discussed. The authors understandings of teaching and learning in online environments have changed over the past 15 years. Key lessons learned and future plans are also highlighted.

An Exploration of the Critical Risk Factors in Sustainable Telecom Services: An Analysis of Indian Telecom Industries

Different sources of risk factors can occur in sustainable supply chain management due to its complex nature. The telecommunication service firm cannot implement multiple improvement practices altogether to overcome the risk factors with limited resources. The industries should evaluate the relationship between risk factors and explore the determinants of improvement measures. The purpose of the present study is to identify and analyze critical risk factors (CRFs) for enhancing sustainable supply chain management practices in the Indian telecommunication industry using interpretive structural modelling (ISM). Risk factors are identified through a literature survey, and then with the help of experts, nine CRFs are identified using a fuzzy Delphi method (FDM). The relationship among these CRFs has been analyzed using ISM, and the driving and the dependence power of those CRFs are analyzed. Results indicate that both “government policies (laws and regulations)” and “the impact of rapid change in technology” are independent or key factors that affect the sustainability of the telecommunications supply chain. In addition, results provide significant managerial implications, including enhanced sustainability, and the government should build justice, fairness, open laws, certainties, and regulations to prevent risk in the telecommunications industry supply chain; service providers should monitor the rapidly evolving technologies and focus on technical learning and organizational capacity development to overcome the impact of technological changes. The contribution of this study is using a novel approach to establish a hierarchical structural model for an effective understanding of CRFs relationships and to explore decisive risk factors that can help telecom service providers to better plan and design effective improvement strategies to enhance sustainability supply chain management.

Technology and the Task Content of Jobs Across the Development Spectrum

Technology is the driver of labor allocation across sectors and occupations. Is the impact of technological change on developing countries similar to its impact on developed countries? Will developing countries follow the same development path that developed economies have taken? Our approach focuses on how technology shifts and reshapes the tasks workers perform on the job, and views occupations as the natural observable stand-in for these tasks. We first take stock of our knowledge on how technological change reallocates labor. We then construct a new measure of occupational task contents for each country and present new evidence on countries' task intensity. In the cross section, developed countries use non-routine analytical and interpersonal tasks more intensively than developing countries, but less intensively use routine-cognitive and routine-manual tasks. Both the occupational employment share and the occupational task contents of a country matter for these relationships. In the time dimension, countries with high initial task intensities experienced a decline in these intensities, suggesting convergence in task intensities across countries. Our results show that occupational task contents ought to be measured for each country for proper analysis. More broadly, we should not simply extrapolate what we know about the impact of technology on the labor market in developed countries to developing countries.

Innovation Mirage: The Role of Technological Uncertainty in Military Instability

The article examines the impact of technological changes on the risks of military clashes between states. Currently, experts express increasing concerns about the destabilizing effect of new weapons (including anti-missile and anti-satellite weapons, hypersonic missiles, autonomous lethal systems, and artificial intelligence). These assessments are rarely based on solid theoretical foundations. The author seeks to fill this gap, arguing that the emergence of new weapons has a negative impact on international stability, and this effect is weakly related to the specific characteristics of underline technologies. The theory of technological uncertainty offers an alternative to the offense-defense balance theory. The latter developed since the 1970s, but its validity is questionable. The theory of technological uncertainty attributes the destabilizing effect of weapons to the divergence of states' perceptions of the balance of powers, to the hyped expectations regarding the ability to compensate quantitative limitations with qualitative superiority, to the alarmistic sense of closing windows of opportunities and growing vulnerabilities. The article tests the theory against the historical record of military clashes in Europe from the end of the 18th to the middle of the 20th centuries, as well as the crises between superpowers during the Cold War. The empirical cases are selected in order to cover the period marked by the intensification of qualitative arms races between states. In addition, it is also the period most often used to substantiate the offense-defense balance theory. The history of the last two and a half centuries provides a solid foundation for the theory of technological uncertainty. All instances of large-scale military clashes were preceded by significant technological changes, while peace fell on periods of technological stagnation. The author addresses the policy implications of the theory for the discussions on emerging weapons in the 2010s and 2020s. The study confirms that concerns regarding their destabilizing effect are justified, but for the different reasons from those put forward by most analysts. A somewhat optimistic caveat to its conclusions is the fact that currently emerging weapons are at various stages of development. The greatest likelihood of military clashes corresponds to the overlap of several technological uncertainties. Therefore, an increase in the time lag between introduction of various arms can mitigate destabilizing effect.

Equity Financing Efficiency Measurement of Listed Companies in Strategic Emerging Industries based on DEA

Equity financing is an important part of corporate capital structure decision-making. The level of financing efficiency is of great significance to the survival and development of Listed Companies in strategic emerging industries. In order to measure the equity financing efficiency of Listed Companies in strategic emerging industries, this paper uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to measure and study, taking 208 listed companies of strategic emerging industries as samples, through three input indicators. The paper calculates the DEA evaluation value of each decision-making unit from 2014 to 2018, and analyzes the efficiency of equity financing in different years and the comparative analysis among seven industries. The conclusion of this paper is: according to DEA–BCC model, the equity financing efficiency of Listed Companies in strategic emerging industries is generally low, mainly distributed in the lower efficiency range, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are mostly distributed in the higher efficiency range every year, most of the returns to scale are decreasing, and the equity financing efficiency exists unbalanced development among industries. According to DEA Malmquist model, the total factor productivity of seven strategic emerging industries tends to decline, the highest is new energy vehicles, which is 0.985, and the lowest is energy conservation and environmental protection, which is 0.951. The impact of technological change will be greater, followed by the change of scale efficiency. We should constantly improve the internal management level of the company, carry out technological innovation, select the correct financing channels, and coordinate the use of funds to create the maximum value.

The Impact of Technology Changes in the Relationship between Lean Manufacturing and Performance of Manufacturing Firms

Manufacturing industries are one of the most prosperous industries in the 21st century. No economy can continue its life without manufacturing industries. Therefore, evaluation the performance of firms is one of the most important issues of investors, creditors, governments and managers. In this regard, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of technology changes in the relationship between lean manufacturing and the performance of manufacturing firms in Terengganu province. The research method is correlation and statistical population is all active companies in industrial towns of Terengganu province. The sampling method is convenience non-probability sampling. The sample includes 209 manufacturing firms. After collecting data by standard questionnaires, structural equation modeling technique with partial least squares approach was used to evaluate the relationships between variables. Totally data were analyzed by SPSS and PLS software. The result of the research hypotheses indicates the positive impact of cooperating with supplier and customer relationship management on the performance of firm's lean manufacturing. The positive impact of performance of lean manufacturing on the financial and non-financial performance of the firm was confirmed. The moderating role of technology changes in the relationship between the performance of lean manufacturing and firm's financial performance was confirmed. In addition, the moderating of technology changes in the relationship between the performance of lean manufacturing and non-financial performance of the firm was confirmed.

What is the future of work? A science mapping analysis

This article aims to systematise and provide a structure for research into the Future of Work (FoW). We used SciMAT to conduct a science mapping analysis based on co-word bibliographic networks. The Web of Science (WoS) database was used for article retrieval, and a total of 2,286 documents were identified from 1959 to 2019. Our results are counterintuitive, as concerns over satisfaction, leadership values or corporate social responsibility (CSR) appear alongside traditional human resource management (HRM) themes, such as organisational commitment or careers, as well as more current FoW themes, such as the impact of technological change on employment, wage inequality, vulnerable workers, telework or talent management. In addition, we offer a classification of the most prolific FoW research themes and challenges into technological, social, economic and political categories.

Specifically human: Human work and care in the age of machines

AbstractThis paper aims to show how the frequently asked question about the future of work, that is, whether human beings are going to be replaced by machines and robots, arose, and why the way such question is posed is inadequate to account for the human and social value of care professions. We discuss how the dimensions entailed in care professions are specifically human and argue that any kind of human work actually reflects them (and will reflect them in the future), irrespective of the impact of technological changes. The present argument also aims to unveil the extent of the effects of the postmodern epistemological crisis regarding the concept of work, to reformulate the question about the future of human work, and to offer a characterization of care as a specific component of human work in the age of machines.