Immigrant Children Research Articles

ALFABETIZAÇÃO E LETRAMENTO DE CRIANÇAS IMIGRANTES:

This article is a part of the research for the conclusion of the course in the Degree in Pedagogy, which aimed to understand the strategies used by teachers for literacy of immigrant children in the municipality of Videira, SC. The research was built from the discussions presented in the report of the Observatory of International Migrations (OBMIGRA, 2021), the Municipal Law n° 4.063/22, which institutes the municipal policy for the immigrant population. The research presents a qualitative approach and as an instrument for data collection, interviews with teachers and observation in their respective classes were used. The results demonstrate a disarticulation of educational policies, which affects the performance of teachers, who often do not know what to do in the classroom and therefore seek alternative means of literacy for immigrant children, in addition to showing that the literacy of these students is returns to a project that aims only at the acquisition of the Portuguese language as a means of learning, silencing his mother tongue and culture.

Racial discrimination as a sociocultural barrier to leisure-based physical activity among West African immigrant children: proposing an adaptation model

ABSTRACT Racism is a determining factor for health disparities and has an impact on leisure-based physical activity, particularly for recent immigrants adapting to socio-environmental systems in a host country. The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of the sociocultural environment on active living among African adolescent children and further explore related pre- and post-migration experiences. Using purposive sampling, parents and children from Western-African families were interviewed. A constructivist grounded theory was used to create an adaptation model, which portrayed an idealized representation of internal, external, and transitional factors shaping physical activity engagement and opportunities of the children’s active living. The adaptation model demonstrated the role of structural external factors such as perceived discrimination on leisure participation, with an interconnection with intrinsic motivation and resiliency, while elucidating the moderating effect of transitional factors such as cultural adaptations between pre- and post-migration experiences.

Supporting Multilingualism in Immigrant Children: An Integrative Approach

Immigrant children are a growing and demographically important segment of the world's population. One key aspect of immigrant children's experience is navigating multiple languages, creating both opportunities, and challenges. However, the literature on bilingualism rarely centers the experiences of immigrant children. Focusing on immigrant children in the United States, this article brings together cognitive science research on bilingualism with the integrative risk and resilience model of adaptation in immigrant-origin children to elucidate how common contexts that immigrant children encounter can support or discourage multilingualism. Policy must consider immigrant children's intersecting identities—both as immigrants and as learners of minoritized, and often racialized, languages. A proposed framework can guide policies to support multilingualism in immigrant children, with downstream consequences for their health and development.

PERCEIVED BARRIERS AND SOCIOCULTURAL FACTORS OF ADVANCE CARE PLANNING AMONG CHINESE AMERICAN OLDER ADULTS

Abstract Despite documented benefits of advance care planning (ACP), persistent racial and ethnic disparities exist in ACP engagement. This study, guided by a social ecological model, examined perceived barriers and sociocultural factors associated with informal ACP conversations among Chinese American older adults. A purposive sample of 281 community-dwelling older Chinese Americans aged 55 years or older in Arizona and Maryland completed a survey in 2018. The average age of participants was 77.8 (SD = 9.4) and the average number of years living in the U.S. was 24.9 years (SD = 13.4). Most participants were first-generation immigrants (94.7%) and reported Chinese as their primary language (91.8%). About 26.5% of participants had ACP conversations with family. Hierarchical logistic regression results suggest that more perceived barriers were associated with lower odds of ACP conversations (OR = 0.87, p < 0.01). Sociocultural factors were associated with greater odds of ACP conversations, including more years in the U.S. (OR = 1.04, p = 0.02) and English language proficiency (OR = 11.85, p = 0.02). Social support had a significant moderation effect (b = -.01, p < 0.01), indicating a larger effect of perceived barriers on ACP conversations among those with lower social support. Findings highlighted the importance of language services, translated informational materials, and social support in facilitating ACP discussions among Chinese American older adults. Community-based ACP facilitators who have both language skills and cultural competence may be particularly beneficial in engaging this population. Effective ways to reduce barriers to ACP at various levels are needed.

Adaptation of second-generation Turkish Americans in the U.S.A.: extending differential adaptation theory to the offspring of immigrants

ABSTRACT Contributing to the attempts to explore communication and adaptation, this study centers on the lived experiences of second-generation Turkish Americans as they navigate a space that is shared among the culture of their origins and the U.S. culture into which they are born. By extending differential adaptation theory (DAT) to the offspring of Turkish immigrants, this qualitative study illustrates how the U.S. shapes the agency these offspring immigrants have in communicating their cultural identity. Twenty-two second-generation Turkish Americans were interviewed about communication challenges from a DAT lens. Findings suggest that U.S.-born children of Turkish immigrants take on differential means of adaptation in communicating cultural identity held in their names and access to their cultural groups. The experiences of offspring immigrants demonstrate how differential adaptation contrasts with differential adaptation experiences of their immigrant parents. Finally, limitations to this study are explored and offer a call to the continuation of cultural adaptation research.

EXAMINING THE NON-LINEAR ASSOCIATION BETWEEN YEARS OF EDUCATION AND LATE-LIFE COGNITION

Abstract Dementia, a rising health concern, is expected to impact 13 million adults in the United States by 2050. Low education is a well-established risk-factor for dementia. However, few studies have investigated possible non-linearity of the association between years of education and late-life cognition, nor have investigated gender differences in this association. This study aimed to investigate whether years of education is non-linearly associated with late-life cognition, and whether the size of this association differed across men and women. To address this aim, we used data from the U.S. representative Health and Retirement Study, encompassing a sample of 32,712 respondents with episodic memory data available between 1998 and 2018 and with complete data on self-reported education (median=12, interquartile range=12-15), gender (18,509 women, 14,203 men), and confounders (ethnicity, race, parental education, childhood immigration status, and birth year). Episodic memory was measured as immediate and delayed recall using a 10-word recall test. We used confounder-adjusted linear mixed-effects models to estimate the associations between years of education and immediate recall (model 1) and delayed recall (model 2). In both models, the estimated education-recall association was non-linear based on the statistically significant squared and cubic terms (p< 0.001). Generally, an increase in education was associated with an increase in immediate and delayed recall, and these associations were more pronounced for larger education values. There were no statistically significant gender differences in the education-recall associations in both models. These findings indicate the importance of assessing non-linearity of the association between years of education and late-life cognition.

Inflammatory bowel disease among first generation immigrants in Israel: A nationwide epi-Israeli Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Nucleus study.

Israel has a high rate of Jewish immigration and a high prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To compare IBD prevalence in first-generation immigrants vs Israel-born Jews. Patients with a diagnosis of IBD as of June 2020 were included from the validated epi-IIRN (Israeli IBD Research Nucleus) cohort that includes 98% of the Israeli population. We stratified the immigration cohort by IBD risk according to country of origin, time period of immigration, and age group as of June 2020. A total of 33544 patients were ascertained, of whom 18524 (55%) had Crohn's disease (CD) and 15020 (45%) had ulcerative colitis (UC); 28394 (85%) were Israel-born and 5150 (15%) were immigrants. UC was more prevalent in immigrants (2717; 53%) than in non-immigrants (12303, 43%, P < 0.001), especially in the < 1990 immigration period. After adjusting for age, longer duration in Israel was associated with a higher point prevalence rate in June 2020 (high-risk origin: Immigration < 1990: 645.9/100000, ≥ 1990: 613.2/100000, P = 0.043; intermediate/low-risk origin: < 1990: 540.5/100000, ≥ 1990: 192.0/100000, P < 0.001). The prevalence was higher in patients immigrating from countries with high risk for IBD (561.4/100000) than those originating from intermediate-/low-risk countries (514.3/100000; P < 0.001); non-immigrant prevalence was 528.9/100000. Lending support to the environmental effect on IBD etiology, we found that among immigrants to Israel, the prevalence of IBD increased with longer time since immigration, and was related to the risk of IBD in the country of origin. The UC rate was higher than that of CD only in those immigrating in earlier time periods.

Vitamin D concentrations were often insufficient among native Norwegian adolescents and children with a non-Western immigrant background.

The aim of this study was to review papers that assessed the vitamin D intake of children living in Norway, as research has suggested that it has remained below the recommended daily allowance of 10 μg/day. This mini review examined the vitamin D status of Norwegian children aged 0-18 years by systematically searching the PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus databases from 1 January 2009 to 1 July 2020. The review comprised six studies published in English between 2009 and 2020 on native-born and non-Western immigrant children. Most studies defined satisfactory vitamin D status as a plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration of 50 nmol/L, with 25-50 nmol/L being classified as insufficient and below 25 nmol/L being classified as deficient. A study of healthy children found that 21% had insufficient levels and a further 1% were deficient, but this second finding was only among adolescents. Other studies showed that 47% of Norwegian children with a non-Western immigrant background were deficient, and so were 19% of overweight children, mainly adolescents. Vitamin D concentrations were often insufficient among children living in Norway, particularly adolescents and those with a non-Western immigrant background. Higher recommended supplements may be needed.

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among children of immigrants: immigrant generation and family poverty

ABSTRACT Objectives: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common disorders diagnosed among children in the US. However, little knowledge is available about ADHD prevalence among children of immigrants, the fastest-growing population in the US. This study seeks to examine ADHD rates among children of immigrants in different generations compared to children of US-born parents and their association with family poverty. Design: The sample includes 83,362 children aged 0–17 from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2010–2018 data. Multivariate logistic regression model is used to estimate prevalence of ADHD among children of immigrants compared to children of US-born parents. We then compare ADHD rates among the children sample in different immigrant generations. For all analyses, we examine ADHD occurrence separately for children in families living below the poverty threshold and those at or above the poverty threshold. Results: The odds of having ADHD were significantly lower among children of immigrants compared to children of US-born parents. Both first-generation children and second-generation children of immigrants had significantly lower odds of having ADHD than children of US-born parents. Post hoc tests find that first-generation children had lower odds of having ADHD compared to second-generation children. Likewise, additional analyses showed that children of immigrants, first-generation children in particular, were less likely to have ADHD compared to children of US-born parents, in both lower- and higher-income families. Conclusion: Using a nationally representative sample of children, we find that the likelihood of having ADHD increases with higher generations, detecting differences in ADHD prevalence by immigration generation. Importantly, first-generation children had a significantly lower risk of having ADHD conditions compared to second-generation children and children of US-born parents, regardless of family socio-economic status. Public health policy and program development would gain from a clear comprehension of the shielding attributes of ADHD among immigrant families.

Patterns of healthcare use among children with immigrant and non-immigrant backgrounds in 2019 and 2020: evidence from the CRIAS cohort study in the metropolitan area of Lisbon, Portugal

BackgroundInternational migrant families may face various barriers in the access and use of health services. Evidence on immigrant children’s health care or prevention facilities’ utilisation patterns is scarce in Portugal. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to compare health services use between immigrant and non-immigrant children in the Metropolitan Area of Lisbon in 2019–2020 with the aim of informing public policies towards equitable access to, and use of health services.MethodsThe CRIAS (Health Trajectories of Immigrant Children) prospective cohort study enrolled 420 children (51.6% immigrant) born in 2015 and attending primary health care (PHC) services in 2019. We compared primary health care facilities and hospital paediatric emergency department (ED) utilisation patterns in the public National Health Service, together with reported private practitioners use, between immigrant and non-immigrant children in 2019 and 2020. The Pearson chi-squared test, Fisher-Freeman-Halton Exact test, two-proportion z-test and Mann‒Whitney U test were used to examine the differences between the two groups.ResultsIn 2019, no significant differences in PHC consultations attendance between the two groups were observed. However, first-generation immigrant children (children residing in Portugal born in a non-European Union country) accessed fewer routine health assessments compared to non-immigrant children (63.4% vs. 79.2%). When children were acutely ill, 136 parents, of whom 55.9% were parents of non-immigrant children, reported not attending PHC as the first point of contact. Among those, nearly four times more non-immigrant children sought healthcare in the private sector than immigrant children (p < 0.001). Throughout 2019, immigrant children used ED more often than non-immigrant children (53.5% vs. 40.4%, p = 0.010), as their parents reported difficulties in accessing PHC. In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, fewer immigrant children accessed PHC compared to non-immigrant children (70% vs. 80%, p = 0.018). Both non-immigrant and immigrant children reduced ED use by 2.5 times, with a higher decrease among immigrant children (46% vs. 34%). In both 2019 and 2020, over 80% of immigrant and non-immigrant children used ED for conditions classified as having low clinical priority.ConclusionBeyond identifying health care use inequalities between immigrant and non-immigrant children, the study points to urgent needs for public policy and economic investments to strengthen PHC for all children rather than for some.

Unaccompanied or Separated Migrant Children and Adolescents at the Colombian–Venezuelan Border: Loss of the Social Moratorium and Its Implications

This study explains the Venezuelan migration involving unaccompanied or separated adolescents (UASA) on the Colombian–Venezuelan border, specifically in Norte de Santander-Táchira. This explanation is framed within the concept of the social moratorium, highlighting three subcategories that contribute to the early abandonment of childhood: 1. the violation of rights, 2. working life, and 3. confrontation of dangers. These subcategories compel UASA to transition prematurely into youth, assuming social, labor, or family responsibilities. Methodologically, we adopt a narrative approach, conducting group interviews with 24 immigrant children and adolescents. Furthermore, 14 interviews are conducted in 2 local markets, and the remaining 10 on 2 central avenues in the city of Cúcuta, Colombia. We conduct a theoretical analysis drawing upon key concepts, including the social moratorium, social constructionism, interaction, and moral and cognitive development. This theoretical framework helps us understand the consequences for the life prospects of this generation. They arise from factors such as school dropout, exposure to health risks, and the absence of free leisure time. These indicators reflect socioeconomic problems, including poverty, abuse, and violence.

Promoting mental health and preventing mental health problems in child and adolescent refugees and asylum seekers: A systematic review on psychosocial interventions.

According to the United Nations Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), children and adolescents represent 41% of all forcibly displaced individuals. They have to deal with conflicts, violence, and the many difficulties of flight and resettlement during a critical stage of their emotional, social, cognitive, and physical development. They are more likely to experience mental health problems during migration. Despite the several known risk factors, it is frequently challenging for refugees and asylum seekers to get mental health care. In this paper we review available studies on interventions aimed at promoting mental health and at preventing common mental disorders in immigrant adolescents and children. The relevant PubMed, Scopus, PsychINFO and Web of Science databases were searched for papers published until March 21, 2023, using ("immigrants" OR "migration" OR "asylum seekers" OR "refugees") AND ("promotion" OR "prevention") AND ("mental health" OR "mental disorders" OR "psych*") AND ("children" OR "adolescents" OR "young adults") as search string. Fourteen articles qualified for the detailed review. The majority of available interventions, although highly heterogeneous in format and content, showed significant improvement in several psychopathological dimensions, including trauma-related symptoms, psychological stress, anxiety, depressive and cognitive symptoms. Available studies on interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of mental health in refugees and asylum seekers children and adolescents indicate that provided interventions were associated with a global improvement for participants. Implementation strategies to improve their scalability are highly needed.

The Identity Dilemma among Inter-Generational Immigrants -- Take the United States in the 21st Century as an Example

For the United States, immigration has rapidly diversified its ethnic composition. With the arrival of people from different regions with different cultural origins and religious beliefs, some social problems have arisen while constantly exploring new living Spaces. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of the social identity of American immigrants and the identity dilemma between generations of immigrants, this paper adopts the literature research method and finds that from the initial entry verification to voucher entry, either way, will bring the experience of belonging to American immigrants. Differences and even contradictions between groups caused by racial differences and cultural barriers are everywhere in society, and even new immigrants will produce huge contradictions due to differences in identity and cultural identity. Only by grasping their own identity and sticking to their own Tao in mother culture and immigrant culture can they avoid the end of duckweed in chaotic times.

Input factors in the acquisition of evidentiality by Turkish heritage language children and adults in the United States

ABSTRACTAspectual and mood morphology are vulnerable domains in adult heritage speakers. This paper investigates the root of such vulnerability within the domain of Turkish evidentiality system by comparing 20 second-generation adult and 20 school-age child Turkish heritage speakers to 20 first-generation immigrants (main input providers for child heritage speakers) residing in the United States. A monolingual group from Turkey including 20 monolingual adults, 20 7-14-year-old and 20 3-6-year-old Turkish-speaking children were also tested. Results of a story-telling and a sentence selection task revealed weak mappings between the indirect evidential marker –mIş and its pragmatic use in story-telling as opposed to intact knowledge of the Turkish evidentiality system in the first-generation immigrant group. The school-age child and adult heritage speakers, on the other hand, were significantly the least accurate groups in both tasks, performing more variably than the 3-6-year-old monolingual children in Turkey. The individual analysis of the child heritage speaker data as well as a comparison of the child-parent dyads further showed that early heritage language experience and use rather than changes in the parental input are likely to be the source of the variability observed in child and eventually in adult Turkish heritage speakers in this domain.

‘Doing Harm Was the Point’

Abstract This article analyses the Trump administration’s policy of forcibly separating thousands of immigrant families at the border. Using a rights-based and childist approach, I explore the policy’s severe consequences for children’s rights to family unity and protection from cruel and degrading treatment. I argue that family separations abandoned the best-interests principle and entailed severe rights violations and due process irregularities. The policy deliberately inflicted suffering and trauma on immigrant families to deter immigrants and coerce asylum-seekers into relinquishing their claims to protection, contrary to treaty obligations and domestic laws. The article also examines the policy’s formulation and implementation, which were characterised by cruelty, chaos and confusion. This case provides incontrovertible evidence of the myriad strategies governments use to exclude immigrant children from the benefits of the global children’s rights regime.

Abstract C007: Disparities in occurrence and outcome of male reproductive cancers in the United States Pacific Islander community

Abstract Data from the National Cancer Database indicates prostate cancer (CPa) prevalence in the Pacific Islander (PI) community to be nearly 1.6 times higher than the national standard. Recent data suggests that prostate cancer rates seen in United States PI men are comparable to that of African American men, the community with the longstanding recognition as having the highest rates of the disease in the US. PIs are defined as those originating from or being indigenous to the islands of Polynesia, Melanesia, and Micronesia including the US governed Hawaiian islands, Guam, Northern Marianas Islands, and American Samoa. PIs make up a grossly underrepresented minority group, often being overshadowed by their mainland Asian counterparts when aggregated together as a group defined as “AANHPI” in sociological and epidemiological data sets and studies. In addition, Pacific Islanders, at least in the mainland US, are considered a “new” minority population, and with the exception of those indigenous to US territories, the vast majority of the population are post 1970 first or second generation immigrants. Research into health disparities in the PI community is thus unsurprisingly sparse, and there is great work to be done to explore these alarming trends. The purposes of this study are threefold: further explore the data pertaining to prostate cancer prevalence in the pacific islander community; disaggregate the data between ethnic lines; and provide a foundation for future research that can further elucidate the causes and outcomes of this disease in the Pacific Islander community. Data was taken from the 2014 Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander National Health Interview Survey (NHPI NHIS). The NHPI NHIS is a national survey administered by the CDC-NCHS to collect disease data including health condition and characteristics, health care access and service utilization but specific to the national NHPI population. Among 2588 participants, 4% indicated ever having been diagnosed with cancer among which prostate cancer was the second most commonly diagnosed. This study relies heavily on large-scale national questionnaires, thus future research should incorporate additional qualitative exploratory research, including targeted and ethnicity-specific canvassing and interviews in order to better understand the real life manifestations of the disease. The preliminary findings highlight an ever growing concern for the health outcomes of this community, and provide compelling evidence in support for both disaggregation of the community from Asian Americans, as well as interethnic disaggregation in data sets. A common thread of distancing between PI communities and the healthcare system was particularly evident, raising the concern that PIs are not being screened early enough and are not seeking life saving medical attention until advanced disease progression. A hopeful outcome of this study is a recognition that more outreach and community work must be done to bridge the gap between PIs and the Western healthcare system in order to mitigate the observed disparities. Citation Format: Nicholas A. Sowizral. Disparities in occurrence and outcome of male reproductive cancers in the United States Pacific Islander community [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr C007.

Validation of the Modified Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-M) among First-Generation Asian Immigrants.

Internalized weight bias (i.e., the application of negative weight-based stereotypes to one's self-evaluation) is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes. The 10-item version of the Modified Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-M) is one of the most commonly used measures to assess internalized weight bias. However, studies examining the psychometric properties of the WBIS-M are limited in racially minoritized U.S.-based populations. The current study sought to examine the factor structure of the 10-item version of the WBIS-M in a sample of first-generation Asian immigrants, as both native and foreign-born Asian populations have consistently demonstrated higher rates of weight-related concerns relative to other racially minoritized groups. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the factor structure, and a multiple indicator multiple cause modeling approach was used to assess associations between internalized weight bias and sociodemographic predictors. Results confirm the unidimensionality of the WBIS-M and provide preliminary support for a nine-item version. Identifying as a woman (p = .027) and perceiving oneself as overweight (p < .001) were significantly associated with greater internalized weight bias. When working with Asian and Asian American clients, mental health service providers should be aware of potential weight-related concerns and may consider using the WBIS-M to assess for internalized weight bias.

Abstract B075: Developing a population-based study of South Asian American breast cancer survivors in New Jersey

Abstract Background: South Asian Americans (SAA) are the largest Asian American subgroup in New Jersey (NJ). Breast cancer is a growing health concern among SAA women, who tend to have young age at onset, regional or distant stage disease, and triple negative subtype. However, there is limited health and genetic data from these women to gain fruitful insights into the drivers of their adverse disease characteristics. Purpose: To address the breast cancer-related data gap among SAA women, we recently launched the Cancer Analytics and South Asian Health – Breast Cancer (CANSAH-BC) Study at Rutgers University. This ongoing study is designed to evaluate the impact of lifestyle, reproductive, medical, and germline genetic factors on tumor characteristics and health-related quality-of-life among SAA women. Here, we describe our recruitment and data collection methods, and summarize the characteristics of participants who have completed the study. Methods: We are partnering with the NJ State Cancer Registry (NJSCR) to recruit SAA breast cancer survivors. Eligible women are those identified as SAA by NJSCR, diagnosed with malignant breast cancer in 2018-2020, and age 18-80 years at diagnosis. We are using a validated structured questionnaire to collect data on lifestyle, reproductive, family history, and medical factors, breast cancer treatment history, and health-related quality of life. We are sending saliva sampling kits with a return postage pre-paid envelope to participants, who return their saliva samples to be stored for future genetic studies. To demonstrate feasibility of recruitment and data collection, we are conducting the pilot phase of the CANSAH-BC study with a target sample size of 100 participants. We started the pilot phase in English language and are currently expanding to other South Asian languages. Results: As of May 2023, NJSCR identified 375 eligible women, among which 119 (32%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 27.0% - 36.7%) agreed to participate. Initial contact by NJSCR began in September 2022 and is continuing. Data collection began in December 2022 and has been completed from 26 (22%) of 119 women. Data collection from the remaining participants is underway. Of the 26 participants, 25 (96%, 95% CI: 80.4% - 99.9%) provided a saliva sample. The average age at diagnosis of breast cancer in the 26 participants is 50.9 (SD = 11.8) years, 10 (38%) have at least one family member with breast cancer, 23 (88%) were born in a South Asian country and moved to the U.S. at an average age of 29 years, 7 (27%) have a history of hypertension, and 21 (81%) are either overweight or obese. Conclusion: Our preliminary study showed a relatively high participation rate in the saliva sample component of the CANSAH-BC study. The data suggest evidence of family history of breast cancer, hypertension, overweight or obesity among SAA women with a high percentage first-generation immigrants. This ongoing study represents a unique resource to better understand the drivers of adverse prognosis among South Asian American women diagnosed with breast cancer. Citation Format: Tina Dharamdasani, Prachi Trivedi, Nur Zeinomar, Bo Qin, Lisa Paddock, Antoinette Stroup, Gregory Riedlinger, Shridar Ganesan, Hao Liu, Anita Y. Kinney, Elisa V. Bandera, Jaya M. Satagopan. Developing a population-based study of South Asian American breast cancer survivors in New Jersey [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B075.

국내에서 출생한 이주 아동의 출생등록 문제

A child’s birth registration is a prerequisite for the child to achieve his/her civil status. The birth registration system in Korea has gone through important changes in the past few months. The Act on Registration of Family Relations was amended in June, 2023. Under the new registration law, a child’s birth can be registered by the head of local government. The Act on Confidential Birth was legislated in October, 2023. Under the new law, a pregnant woman can give birth without giving her name to the hospital or civil registry. However, the new registration law does not apply to immigrant children, as the scope of law is limited to the civil registration of Korean nationals. Moreover, immigrant parents might not be able to benefit from the new system due to their fear of deportation.&#x0D; This paper studies legal system of other countries regulating nationality (or citizenship), birth registration, and immigration, in order to design a new registration law which guarantees every child’s birth registration. The countries where children acquire nationality based on his/her parents’ nationality allow birth registration of children of foreign parents. Japan, even though its nationality law and immigration law are as conservative as Korea’s, allows immigrant children’s birth registration. I suggest the Act on Registration of Family Relations be amended so as to allow immigrant children’s birth registration, and the enforcement decree of the Immigration Act also be amended so that the information on foreign parents will not be transferred to the immigration office.

Measuring adaptation with immigrants’ subjective wellbeing: evidence from European countries7

The socio-economic adaptation of immigrants in Europe is the source of great concern both to experts and policy-makers. The literature on the subject regards the traditional approach to measuring the adaptation of foreigners to the host country, invloving the use of indicators such as full-time employment or income level, as insufficient, and advocates a more diversified and inclusive approach. Our study answers this call by taking into account the subjective wellbeing (SWB) of individuals (life satisfaction scores) while researching the socioeconomic adaptation of immigrants in Europe. The main aim of the study is to empirically assess the socio-economic adaptation of firstgeneration immigrants and persons with immigrant background (i.e. those who have at least one immigrant parent) in European states. To this end, we analyse the determinants of the SWB based on the data from the European Social Survey conducted in 2018 in 29 European countries on the population aged 15+. In our model, we use the religious affiliation and religiosity of individuals as an additional measure of cultural identity. We also take into account control variables such as labour market participation, education, marital status and disability. We apply Ordinary Least Squares regression, a method commonly used in analyses of this type. We find that the first-generation immigrant status does not impact directly on the SWB, i.e. the life satisfaction scores of foreign-born persons are similar to those of the local community. What has a more significant influence is the immigrnats’ religious affiliation: Muslims are the religious group dissatisfied with life to the largest extent. Yet, their life satisfaction increases considerably among the second-generation immigrants, i.e. persons who have at least one foreign-born parent. Therefore, our results confirm that the new generation of Muslims with immigrant background born in European host countries is better adapted to the socioeconomic conditions than their parents’ generation or native Muslims.