II ) And Bismuth Research Articles

Stability Constants for Dimercaptosuccinic Acid with Bismuth(III), Zinc(II), and Lead(II)

Abstract Stability constants for the complexation of zinc(II), lead(II), and bismuth(III) by the vicinal dithiolate chelating agent meso-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) have been determined by a combination of potentiometric titration and spectrophotometric competition at 25°C and 0.1 M ionic strength. The spectrophotometric studies use the shifts in the ultraviolet bands of the thiol groups to quantitate metal binding to DMSA in the presence of competitive aminocarboxylic acids. Bismuth(III) forms a bis(DMSA) chelate with an exceptionally high stability constant of 1043,87. This complex undergoes a series of protonations over the pH range 10 to 2, but there appears to be no measurable dissociation of ligand over this pH range. The zinc-DMSA system is dominated by a Zn2(DMSA)2 dimer, which has a protonation constant of 106 and dissociates completely at lower pH. No more than 20% of total zinc exists as a monomeric complex at any pH. Lead forms a 1:1 complex with a stability constant of 1017,4. Insoluble pr...

Monooctyl-α-(4-carboxyanilino)benzylphosphonic acid as a new reagent for extraction and separation of lead(II) and bismuth(III)

Monooctyl-α-(4-carboxyanilino)benzylphosphonic acid (H2L) was investigated as a novel reagent for the extraction and separation of lead(II) and bismuth(III) from nitrate solutions. Stoichiometric ionization constants of H2L in ethanol — water mixtures determined by potentiometric NaOH titration had values pKa1 2.25 and pKa2 4.33. Ethanol and chloroform solutions of H2L followed Beer's law at 300 nm and 296 nm, molar absorptivities being 2.94·104 mol−1·l·cm−1 and 2.85·104 mol−1·l·cm−1, respectively. HNO3 and HCl were also extracted into chloroform solutions containing H2L. Bismuth(III) was quantitatively transferred into the chloroform H2L solution at pH 1, and lead(II) at 3.5. The value of the separation factor DBi/DPb is 160 at pH 1.

Lead(II) and bismuth(III) complexes of the polyazacycloalkane-N-acetic acids nota, dota, and teta

Lead(II) and bismuth(III) complexes of nota, dota, and teta were synthesized and their kinetic properties were investigated to show that the dota complexes are the most inert over the pH range 4–12 and 1–10 for lead and bismuth, respectively.

Determination of selenium in sediments by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Elimination of interferences

The hydride generation/atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) with an automated flow system is useful for the routine analysis of selenium in environmental samples. This method is, however, subject to interferences from transition metal ions and other hydride forming ions. The conditions to minimize the interferences were established: the concentration of hydrochloric acid 6 mol/l; the concentration of tetrahydroborate 0.5%. Iron(III) chloride released the depression of selenium signals by metal ions such as copper(II) and bismuth(III). Selenium in several standard reference materials including sediment samples was determined by the present method and by fluorimetry with 2,3-diaminonaphthalene. The results obtained by the two methods agreed with an acceptable precision. This means that hydride generation/AAS offers good precision and accuracy in the determination of selenium in sediment samples as well as DAN fluorimetry. However, the former is much simpler in operation. The method was applied to the determination of selenium in estuarine sediments collected in Nagoya harbor and Ise Bay. The results can be used to assess the pollution state of these places.

Simultaneous determination of mercury(II), copper(II) and bismuth(III) in urine by flow constant-current stripping analysis with a gold fibre electrode

Urine samples are treated with concentrated nitric acid and potassium permanganate ar 70°C for 10 min prior to injection. The flow electrode system consists of a 10-μm diameter gold fibre working electrode, a glassy carbon reference electrode and a platinum counter electrode. In the fully automated constant-current stripping procedure, the gold fibre is first covered with a fresh gold film after which the sample is electrolyzed for 1 min prior to stripping in 0.1 M hydrochloric acid with a current of 0.1μA. The procedure is repeated on a spiked sample after which the sample analyte concentrations are evaluated and presented digitally and graphically on a printer/plotter. The results obtained for bismuth, copper and mercury in a urine reference sample were 36.9, 39.7 and 47.7 μg l −1 with standard deviations ( n=10) of 3.2, 4.2 and 2.1, respectively. The certified values for copper and mercury were 45 and 51 μg l −1; no certified value was available for bismuth.

Kinetic-photometric determination of EDTA, zinc and bismuth by interchange reactions of CN— groups

The in situ formation of the nickel(II)-6-methylpicolinaldehyde thiosemicarbazone complex by means of interchange reactions of CN— groups occurs when nickel(II), 6-methylpicolinaldehyde azine and thiosemicarbazide are mixed at pH 4.5. The reaction is monitored spectrophotometrically at 396 nm. Several species cause interferences, and these effects can be used for their indirect determination. The most important compound in this context is EDTA. This Ni(II)-EDTA-6-methylpicolinaldehyde azine-thiosemicarbazide system also permits the indirect kinetic-photometric determination of trace amounts of zinc(II) and bismuth(III).

Differential electrolytic potentiometry with ion-selective electrodes for end-point detection in compleximetric titrations of mercury(II), copper(II), nickel(II) and bismuth(III)

Electrodes prepared by activating hydrophobized spectrographic graphite rods with various mercury(II) chalcogenides, alone or mixed with silver(I) chalcogenides or mercury itself, were used successfully in differential electrolytic potentiometry (d.e.p.) to locate end-point in compleximetric titrations of mercury(II) solutions with EDTA. Several materials gave useful d.e.p. peaks at the expected end-point, showing that these electrodes can replace the commoner mercury and amalgamated gold electrodes. To demonstrate the usefulness of the sensors in EDTA titrations of metal ions other than mercury(II), titrations of copper(II) were performed. The electrode response takes place via reaction of the ion with sulphide of selenide in the electroactive layer. Electrodes activated by copper(II), bismuth(III), nickel(II) chalcogenides were also studied; those sensors that produced good ion-selective electrodes were also useful in d.e.p. titrations.

Simultaneous determination of heavy metals in water by high performance liquid chromatography following the solvent extraction of heavy metals as pyrrolidinedithiocarbamato chelates into chloroform.

A simple and rapid method for the simultaneous determination of ppb level of lead(II), nickel(II), cobalt(II), copper(II), mercury(II), and bismuth(III) in water was developed, by means of the solvent extraction of the metals as their pyrrolidinedithiocarbamato chelates (PDC-chelates) followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of the extract. The HPLC separation of the six (PDC)-metal chelates was performed on a 5 μm (ODS) column(4.6×30 cm, Cosmosil 5 C18), using acetonitrile-water-0.01 M ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate(69:31:0.15) as the eluent. The eluted (PDC)-metal chelates were detected at 254 nm. The linear calibration curves were obtained in the concentration range of 4-200 ppb for the six metals studied. The correlation coefficient of the calibration curve for each metal was in the range of 0.9985-0.9999. The recovery and the precision of the proposed method were examined for the composite sample containing the above six metals. Although eleven foreign metal ions (Ag(I), Mn(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Mg(II), Ca(II), Al(III), As(III), Fe(III), Sn(IV), Cr(VI)) were coexisted high recovery and good precision were attained : 98-101 % for the recovery and 0.6-1.6 % for the coefficient of variation. The proposed method was applied to the determination of the above six metals in river water and satisfactory results were obtained as comparable to those by the atomic absorption method.

Ion-exchanger colorimetry—III microdetermination of zinc in water

An ion-exchanger colorimetric method for the determination of zinc(II) with Zincon has been developed. Zinc in a water sample can be determined by sorption onto an anion-exchange resin from 2 M chloride solution followed by transformation into a coloured complex with Zincon. With use of a 1-litre sample the sensitivity is 10 times greater than that for conventional colorimetry. Most metals, except cadmium(II), lead(II) and bismuth(III), do not interfere when present in up to 100 times the concentration of zinc. The zinc: Zincon ratio of the complex in the resin phase was found to be 1 : 1 by the molar ratio method.

Reaction between copper(I)-thiourea and bismuth(III)-thiourea complexes in presence of iodide. New spot-tests for copper(II) and bismuth(III)

New and very simple spot tests are described for the detection of Bi(III), Cu(II) and I − ions with limits of detection of 3, 8, and 75 μg/0·05 ml respectively. Tests are also described for such combinations as Bi(III) + I −; Bi(III) + Cu(II); and Bi(III) + Cu(II) + I −. All the tests are based on the formation of an orange or red-orange precipitate of bismuth(III)—copper(I)—iodide—thiourea complex, for which the formula [Bi(tu) 3I 3.Cu(tu) 3I] (where tu = thiourea) is proposed. This complex is produced in various ways by the interaction of Bi(III), Cu(II), and I − ions with thiourea. Most cations and anions do not interfere, but Tl(I), Cs(I), SO 2− 3, S 2O 2− 3, EDTA, and oxidizing ions such as NO − 2, IO − 3, IO − 4, BrO − 3, and MnO − 4 do. The complex hexakis(thioureato)sulphatomonoaquodicopper(I) [Cu 2(tu) 6SO 4.H 2O] is proposed as a new spot-test reagent for Bi(III) and I − ions, although the sensitivity for the latter is poor.

Lewis acid-base interactions in inorganic oxyacids, molten salts and glasses—II[1]: Ligand competition reactions of lead(II) and bismuth(III) with various anions in molten dimethylsulfone

Molten dimethylsulfone is used as an inert solvent for studying the competition between chloride, bromide and nitrate for entering the coordination spheres of Pb 2+ and Bi 3+ ions. Shifts in the 1S 0 → 3P 1 bands show that the affinity for coordination with both metal ions is Cl − > Br − ⪢ NO 3 −. The relevance of the study is discussed with particular reference to the role of Pb 2+ and Bi 3+ as probe ion indicators for Lewis basicity in molten salts and glasses.

Use of Thallium(I), Lead(II), and Bismuth(III) as Spectroscopic Probes for Ionic–Covalent Interaction in Glasses

Ultraviolet spectra of thallium(I), lead(II), and bismuth(III) in chloride–sulfate and all-sulfate glasses have been studied, and it is observed that the P13 ← 1S0 transition undergoes a blue shift as the sulfate: chloride ratio increases. This is interpreted in terms of increased ionicity of the probe metal ions in the all-sulfate glass. Spectral data indicate comparable ionicity of the probe metal ions in phosphate glass, but more covalent interactions in silicate glass. It is suggested that the study of these spectral bands may be applied to the problems of oxide ion activity in glasses and of covalency in molten salt chemistry.

A spectropolarimetric titrimetric method for the determination of cadmium, mercury, lead and bismuth

Spectropolarimetric methods of analyses for cadmium(II), mercury(II), lead(II) and bismuth (III) were developed, based on the stereospecific ligand, D-(—) -1,2-propylenediaminetetraacetic acid (D(—)PDTA). The optical rotation of the solution was monitored with a photoelectric polarimeter to determine the end-point of the titration. The titrant and metal complexes formed are optically active and serve as self-indicators. Since D(—)PDTA is stereospecific in its reaction with these metals, maximum utilization of the optical rotation of these complexes is achieved. The observed optical rotation is linear with respect to concentration of the metal complexes, hence straight-line extrapolations to the end-point are possible. The effects of pH, wavelength, and dilution are discussed and the optimum conditions for the determination of each metal are established. The range of accurate spectropolarimetric analyses at 365 nm with the Perkin-Elmer 141 spectropolarimeter was 10 -1–10 -3 M for cadmium(II), and 10 -1–10 -4 M for lead(II), mercury(II) and bismuth(III). The range of the average deviations from visual chelometry for the four metals titrated was 0.05–0.29%.

Milligram level determination of mercury(II) and bismuth (III): p-mercaptoacetamidophenetidine as a gravimetric reagent

The gravimetric estimation of mercury(II) and bismuth(III) has been carried out on a mg scale usingp-mercaptoacetamidophenetidine as the precipitant. The reagent has the required aqueous solubility and is superior to the commonly used analytical reagents of the mercaptan family. The complexes of the reagent with mercury(II) and bismuth(III) are obtained in pure state, definite in composition and stable in hot acid media.

über die reaktion von 4-(2-Thiazolazo)Resorcin mit kupfer(II), blei(II), zink(II), cadmium(II) und wismut(III)

A spectrophotometric investigation of the complex formation of 4-(2-thiazolylazo)resorcinol with copper(II), lead(II), zinc(II), cadmium(II) and bismuth(III) shows that protonated and normal 1:1 chelates predominate, although 1:2 chelates are also formed in part. The equilibria which are present and the stability, optical properties and applicability of the chelates in the spectrophotometric determination of these metals have been studied. The reagent is particularly suitable for the determination of copper and bismuth.

Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Metal Gluconate Complexes. I. Lead(II) and Bismuth(III)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Metal Gluconate Complexes. I. Lead(II) and Bismuth(III)Donald T. Sawyer and James R. BrannanCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1966, 5, 1, 65–70Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50035a016RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (650 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

On the interaction of mercury (II) and bismuth (III) iodides in a dimethylformamide solution

On the interaction of mercury (II) and bismuth (III) iodides in a dimethylformamide solution

Determination of thallium(I), thallium (III), lead(II), cadmium(II) and bismuth(III) by means of diethyldithiocarbamate and chloroform extraction.

Determination of thallium(I), thallium (III), lead(II), cadmium(II) and bismuth(III) by means of diethyldithiocarbamate and chloroform extraction.

Anion-exchange Studies. XI. Lead(II) and Bismuth(III) in Chloride and Nitrate Solutions1,2

Anion-exchange Studies. XI. Lead(II) and Bismuth(III) in Chloride and Nitrate Solutions^1,2