Idiopathic Gingival Fibromatosis Research Articles

Role of transglutaminase 2 in promoting biglycan synthesis in idiopathic gingival fibromatosis

BackgroundThis study aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of idiopathic gingival fibromatosis (IGF).MethodsHuman gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) were isolated from patients with IGF and periodontitis. Differential gene expression in the hGFs was analyzed using RNA sequencing. Extracellular matrix-related gene expression in the hGFs was analyzed. The effect of specific protein (SP)1 inhibitor or recombinant human transglutaminase 2 (rh-TGM2) on biglycan (BGN) expression in hGFs was also determined.ResultsRNA sequencing showed that TGM2 expression was downregulated and BGN mRNA expression was upregulated in patients with IGF relative to periodontitis. rh-TGM2 stimulation of hGFs in patients with IGF significantly reduced BGN expression. SP1 inhibitors downregulated BGN expression in the hGFs.ConclusionBGN upregulation via SP1 causes TGM2 downregulation in gingival fibroblasts in IGF.

Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) has been defined as a rare disorder characterized by a benign, nonhemorrhagic, fibrous gingival overgrowth that can appear in isolation or as part of a syndrome. Because it has no specific cause, it is also known as idiopathic gingival fibromatosis. HGF starts in its mildest form and progresses very slowly to reach a severe form that can cover the teeth, causing severe functional and cosmetic problems. Clinically, it appears as diffuse or localized gingival overgrowth, pinkish, and firm in consistency that could be seen in both the buccal and lingual gingiva of both the mandible and maxilla. There could be ulceration and bleeding secondary to traumatic biting on the lesion. We report a case of a 12-year-old boy who presented with 5-year history of multiple gingival lesions clinically diagnosed with HGF. The relevant literature and important aspect in the management of this condition has also been discussed.

Elephantiasis gingivae: A report of a rare clinical presentation

Introduction: Elephantiasis Gingivae otherwise known as Heriditary gingival fibromatosis, Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis, is a very rare clinical condition characterized by local or diffuse enlargement of the gingiva. It is usually benign, painless, slow in growth, fibrous and may involve marginal gingiva, attached gingiva and interdental papilla. The gingiva tissue appears normal in color, non-hemorrhagic, firm and has a characteristic “pebbled” appearance with accentuation of its stippling. Case presentation: This report aimed to present a case of a 14years old girl who presented with a complaint of gingival swelling for a period of four years. There was no history of similar swelling in the family, no prior drug history of significance. The patient was totally dependent of semisolid and liquid diet as the teeth were embedded in the gingiva. Esthetics was the primary concern of the patient despite the fact that there was difficulty in taking solid food. Gingivectomy was done under general anesthesia. Conclusion: Surgical approach under general anesthesia may be considered when the size and posterior extent of the gingival swelling are enormous to avoid incomplete surgical excision which may contribute to early recurrence. Limitation: The long term success of the intervention could not be ascertained as the patient was lost to follow-up after one month.

MiR-148a-3p regulates proliferation and apoptosis of idiopathic gingival fibroma by targeting NPTX1.

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis (IGF) is a rare heterogeneous disease that results in the progressive and diffuse hyperplasia of gingival tissues. MicroRNAs are implicated in the development and progression of various tumors. The present study aimed to explore the potential roles and mechanisms of miR-148a-3p in IGF. Gingival fibroblasts (GFs) were transfected with miR-148a-3p mimics, miR-148a-3p inhibitors, or siNPTX1, and then, the proliferation and apoptosis of GFs and the expression of related genes were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays, flow cytometry, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis, respectively. miR-148a-3p was highly expressed in GFs of IGF (IGF-GFs) as compared with normal GFs (N-GFs). Overexpression of miR-148a-3p promoted the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of N-GFs, whereas downregulation of miR-148a-3p had the opposite effect in IGF-GFs. Knockdown of NPTX1 reversed miR-148a-3p-mediated effects in IGF-GFs. Dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that NPTX1 is a direct target of miR-148a-3p. These findings identify that miR-148a-3p could regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting NPTX1, providing new insights for the further study of the molecular mechanism and treatment of IGF.

Severe Idiopathic Gingival Fibromatosis and Electrosurgical Management: Case Report

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis is a rare benign oral disorder characterized by non-hemorrhagic, gradually progressive fibrous gingival enlargement. This overgrowth can be so severe that it can impact both maxillaries, on lingual and buccal sides, sometimes completely covering the crowns. This condition can begin during primary dentition and continue throughout adulthood, setting up a cascade of stomatognathic and psychological negative effects. Herewith, we report a case of a non-syndromic 14 year old female who presented with generalized severe gingival enlargement involving both arches and subsequently diagnosed as idiopathic gingival fibromatosis. The chief complaints were unaesthetic appearance and lack of eruption. The excess tissue was surgically removed under general anesthesia, using electrosugery. The patient was issued regular follow-ups to ensure proper oral hygiene and periodontal controls. Awareness of this condition is of utmost importance for early diagnosis and to prevent further complications spilling into adult age.

HEREDITARY GINGIVAL FIBROMATOSIS: CLINICAL CASES AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Gingival fibromatosis (GF) is characterized by a slow and progressive proliferation that can affect the marginal and attached gingiva, or the inter-dental papillae. This condition can be localized or generalized, with varying degrees of severity.GF may develop in susceptible individuals as a side effect of systemic medications or as idiopathic gingival fibromatosis. It may also be related to hereditary factors and occurs as a non-syndromic hereditary gingival fibromatosis or as a part of a syndrome.Our aim is to describe trought four cases of hereditary gingival fibromatosis and a literature review the clinical features,etiopathogenesis, histopathological characteristics and treatment of this condition.

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis with periodontitis: A rare case report and literature

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis (IGF) is a hereditary condition with esthetic, functional, and periodontal impairment in patients. It is slowly progressive in nature. The enlargement might be nodular or localized and symmetrical in nature all along the dentition in both the arches and similar gender prediction uniformly. The present case report of IGF in a 21-year-old female patient covering three-fourths of crowns in posterior areas. The gingival enlargement was excised by external bevel gingivectomy along with the use of electrocautery. The gingival fibromatosis can be genetic, hereditary, or drug-influenced covering marginal, papillary or in severe, long-standing cases, it might cover crown of teeth, thus hampering mastication henceforth, functional impairment. The prognosis is uncertain, and the recurrence of risk is high.

A Historic Case Report of Idiopathic Gingival Fibromatosis In Childhood and Its Management

A Historic Case Report of Idiopathic Gingival Fibromatosis In Childhood and Its Management

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis: a case report and literature review

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis: a case report and literature review

Fibroblasts from recurrent fibrotic overgrowths reveal high rate of proliferation in vitro - findings from the study of hereditary and idiopathic gingival fibromatosis

ABSTRACTPurpose: Investigate the content of fibrotic fibrils in gingival tissue and the proliferation of fibroblasts collected from recurrent and non-recurrent hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) and idiopathic gingival fibromatosis (IGF).Methods: Gingival biopsies were collected from HGF (n = 3) and IGF (n = 3) donors with recurrent and non-recurrent gingival overgrowths and from a control group (Ctrl, n = 3). Hematoxylin staining was performed to evaluate the histomorphology of gingival tissue. Heidenhain’s AZAN trichrome staining served for visualization of fibrotic fibrils in gingiva. Quantitative analysis of the content of fibrotic fibrils in gingival tissue was performed using a polarized light microscope. Proliferation was evaluated at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h in fibroblast cultures using a cell proliferation ELISA assay based on 5-bromo-2ʹ-deoxyuridine (BrdU).Results: Numerous blood vessels and fibroblasts were observed in recurrent overgrowths, whereas moderate blood vessels and moderate to scanty fibroblasts were detected in non-recurrent overgrowths. Heidenhain’s staining revealed numerous collagen fibers in both recurrent and non-recurrent overgrowths. Quantitative analysis in a polarizing microscope showed significant accumulation of fibrotic fibrils exclusively in the overgrowths with the recurrence. In all time-points, increased proliferation of cells from all recurrent overgrowths was observed, but not from overgrowths which do not reoccur.Conclusions: The study revealed that recurrent gingival overgrowths consist of highly fibrotic and dense connective tissue with numerous blood vessels and abundant fibroblasts. We also demonstrated that unlike fibroblasts derived from overgrowths, which did not present recurrence, fibroblasts derived from highly fibrotic and recurrent overgrowths maintain high rate of proliferation in vitro.

PC296: Recurrent idiopathic gingival fibromatosis associated with generalized aggressive periodontitis: a case report

PC296: Recurrent idiopathic gingival fibromatosis associated with generalized aggressive periodontitis: a case report

Imunoexpressão de PCNA e α-SMA em tecidos de crescimento gengival

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and isoform-α of the smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunoexpression, as well as the epithelial thickness in druginduced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) and idiopathic gingival fibromatosis (IGF) patients. Methods: Gingival samples were obtained from 11 users of nifedipine and phenytoin, 6 of patients with IGF and 4 fibrous inflammatory hyperplasia. The specimens were submitted to immunohistochemical and morphological analysis. Results: Our results show that PCNA-epithelial positive cells were slightly more common among IGF patients, but there were not statistically significant differences among the groups (p>0.05). Comparing the vessels counts with α SMA-positive pericyte or smooth muscular cells, there was not statistical differences, although the control group presented a discrete higher count (p>0.05). The epithelial thickness analysis revealed that the DIGO group presented the higher mean, evidencing statistically significant differences in relation to the control group (p=0,002). Conclusion: In conclusion, our results demonstrated similarities between DIGO and IGF according to PCNA and α-SMA immunoexpression, although the epithelial thickness was higher in DIGO group.

Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors can Repress Proliferation and Induce Apoptosis in Gingiva Progenitor Cells from Idiopathic Gingival Fibromatosis

Objective: Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis (IGF), which is characterized by diffuse enlargement of the gingiva due to expansion and accumulation of connective tissue, is a relatively rare hereditary condition that has no specific cause. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the anti-tumor drugs trichostatin A (TSA; inhibits histone deacetylase) and panobinostat (LBH589; a non-selective inhibitor of histone deacetylase) inhibit the proliferation of cells derived from gingiva in patients with IGF. Materials and methods: After osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic induction, the differences between normal gingival mesenchymal stem cells ( N-GMSCs ) and hyperplastic gingival mesenchymal stem ( H-GMSCs, theI cells from IGF ) were determined in terms of alkaline phosphatase staining and activity, alizarin red staining, calcium-nodule formation and, lipid droplets,. The effects of TSA and LBH589 were investigated via the MTT assay, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Alkaline phosphatase staining and activity, alizarin red staining, lipid droplets detected the differentiative capacity in normal and IGF cells. These assays indicated that IGF cells possess multipotent differentiation properties similar to those of normal cells. RT-PCR showed that mRNA levels of the gene encoding p21Waf/Cip1, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and an essential regulator of growth inhibition, were lower in H-GMSCs than in N-GMSCs. After exposure to 1000 nM TSA or 1000 nM LBH589 for 48 h, p21Waf/Cip1 mRNA levels increased in H-GMSCs. Conclusions: TSA and LBH589 can repress the growth and proliferation of hyperplastic IGF cells by regulating p21Waf/Cip1 mRNA levels.

Gingival fibromatosis with unknown etiology: An unusual clinical case presentation

Gingival fibromatosis is a heterogeneous group of enlargement characterized by progressive increase in gingival connective tissue elements. Most of the cases are iatrogenic, and some are inherited or idiopathic. Here, we present an unusual clinical presentation of nonsyndromic idiopathic gingival fibromatosis with unknown etiology in a 20-year-old female. The diagnosis was made based on history, clinical examination, radiographic findings, and histopathology.

Idiopathic gingival enlargement: A case report

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis is a relatively rare condition characterized by the proliferation of the gingival tissues resulting in masticatory, esthetics, phonetics and psychological disturbances. We present a case with generalized diffuse gingival enlargement involving the maxillary and mandibular arches extending on buccal and lingual/palatal surfaces and covering incisal/occlusal third of the tooth in the left maxillary region. Gingivectomy was carried out in all four quadrants. Periodic recalls showed maintenance of good oral hygiene and one year follow-up revealed no recurrence.JCMS Nepal. 2015;11(1): 26-28

Heriditary gingival fibromatosis-A case report

The gingival dimensions are often subjected to a variety of changes and challenges, either in the form of infection, trauma, hypertrophic or atrophic changes induced by the host or unknown reasons. Gingival fibromatosis is the hypertrophic change seen in the gingival attributed to nutritional deficiency, physical or mental retardation in children or associated with syndromes such as Tuberous Sclerosis. Genetic predisposition for development of such conditions has been reported due to an increase in the production of Transforming Growth factor Beta1. Hence, it is known as Hereditary or idiopathic gingival fibromatosis, Elephantiasis gingiva. The role of dental plaque in initiating or complicating such overgrowths has been debated. Here, we present a case of a female child aged 8 years with gingival enlargement.

Unilateral gingival fibromatosis

AbstractIncrease in size of gingiva is termed as gingival enlargement or gingival overgrowth; characterized by expansion and accumulation of the connective tissue. Enlargement of gingiva can be classified according to etiology, pathogenesis, location, and distribution. Many forms of gingival Hyperplasia are of unknown etiology and termed as idiopathic gingival fibromatosis. Gingival fibromatosis is classified as two types according to its form. The localized nodular form is characterized by the presence of multiple localized enlargements in the gingiva and the other one is most common symmetric form results in uniform enlargement of the gingiva. Our aim in this case report is to present a very interesting case of patient with the unusual clinical forms of unilateral gingival fibromatosis and to discuss the histopathological and clinical features in comparison to similar enlargements.

A rare case of isolated idiopathic gingival fibromatosis

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis (IGF) is a rare condition. It is genetically heterogeneous and is usually part of a syndrome or, rarely, an isolated disorder. This study presents a rare case of 13 year old boy who was diagnosed with isolated IGF. This diagnosis has been based on clinical examination and after ruling out family, drug, and medical histories. External bevel gingivectomy has been done to remove excess gingival tissues. Excised tissue has been examined histologically. The patient has been followed up for a period of two and half years. No recurrence has been observed.

Idiopathic Gingival Fibromatosis Rehabilitation: A Case Report with Two-Year Followup

Gingival enlargements are quite common and may be either inflammatory, noninflammatory, or a combination of both. Gingival hyperplasia is a bizarre condition causing esthetic, functional, psychological, and masticatory disturbances of the oral cavity. Causes of gingival enlargement can be due to plaque accumulation, due to poor oral hygiene, inadequate nutrition, or systemic hormonal stimulation (Bakaeen and Scully, 1998). It can occur as an isolated disease or as part of a syndrome or chromosomal abnormality. A progressive fibrous enlargement of the gingiva is a facet of idiopathic fibrous hyperplasia of the gingiva (Carranza and Hogan, 2002; Gorlin et al., 1976). It is described variously as fibromatosis gingivae, gingivostomatitis, hereditary gingival fibromatosis, idiopathic fibromatosis, familial elephantiasis, and diffuse fibroma. We present a case of idiopathic gingival fibromatosis with its multidisciplinary approach of management.

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis with unusual bony involvement

Gingival enlargement, either localized or generalized might be attributed to a number of reasons, ranging from inflammation, leukemic infiltration, and association with use drugs. Idiopathic or hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is an uncommon condition of the gingival tissues which is characterized by enlargement of the free and attached gingivae. This report presents an unusual case of HGF with severe bony involvement in a young patient.