Problem Of Identity Research Articles

Всероссийская научная конференция «Традиция и современность: аксиология российской цивилизации»

The article provides an overview of the All-Russian scientific conference “Tradition and Modernity: Axiology of Russian Civilization” dedicated to the discussion of the con­cept of traditional values, which are declared as the state policy priority in Russia. The re­view reveals the content of the conference participants’ reports, reflects the most interest­ing moments of the discussions, and outlines the essence of the speakers’ constructive proposals for implementing the strategy for preserving and strengthening spiritual and moral values. The review is provided for everyone interested in scientific events af­fecting current problems of Russian identity and civilizational development.

''Visible is a symbol'': Nature as an animated creature pictured by Russian and German romantics

The topicality of the research refers to the problem of national identity, national code, embodied among other spheres of spiritual life and in literature. Romantics' worldview was composed on the foundation of folklore, myth and literary tradition. The system of symbolic motifs of 'infancy' and 'pre-earth life', affinity of souls, joining in death and others became significant elements of the works in the Romanticism period. The study object is the collection of writings connected to natural-philosophic ideas of Nature as a living creature. The subject-matter of the research is national identity of Romanticism, manifested in the peculiarities of Nature perception. In the process of analysis, a comprehensive literary approach was used, combining historical-literary, historical-genetic, comparative-typological methods, which made it possible to establish the specifics of the embodiment of ideas about Nature by writers of Russia and Germany of the Romantic era. Presenting the natural-philosophic system of life conception, the writers relied on F. Schelling's philosophy. It is demonstrated that Russian romantics associate the origin of ideal female images with Heaven (angel-woman) and German romanticists – with the Earth (flower woman). Angel woman and flower woman help the characters to understand the essence of the existence. Natural symbols used in the works (sky, earth, flower atc.) and other symbolic images (melody, kiss, icon etc.) convey the specific mystic world understanding of the authors. Novelty of the research lies in the analysis of dominant images, that makes it possible to determine 'the independence of the face' of romantics in Russia and Germany, basing on the idea of a man dependent on Nature that existed in the developed national tradition. This approach makes it possible to specify the understanding of the particular characteristics of archetypic female images presented in ethnic-cultural sphere.

Социокультурные аспекты современных идентификационных процессов

This article is devoted to the problem of multiple identities and the specifics of their interaction in modern conditions. Plurality of identities, on the one hand, is considered a normal phenomenon that explains complex social communications and allows an individual to optimally participate in a diverse modern social life, applying to various situations. On the other hand, the authors note that in conditions of social, political, economic, and cultural mobility, the phenomenon of identity also turns out to be in an unstable state, which is aggravated by the fact that the phenomenon of identity itself is not completely static. If a few decades ago an equivalent diversity of identities implied their interaction, multicultural polyphony, where a plurality of identities could be realized as much as possible, then at the beginning of the twenty-first century, a request for hierarchization and ordering of identities arises in society. In the article, the authors attempt to determine by what criteria it is possible to build a hierarchy of identities, on which social and cultural events, accents, and preferences this hierarchy will depend, whether it will be accepted by the whole society, or whether it will require taking into account group subcultural specifics. The authors note the desire for the dominance of civil and civilizational identities based on cultural identity as a deep foundation. Civil identity in a multinational state with ethnic, cultural, and economic diversity among regions presupposes a strong consolidating resource. The needs of society for a clear definition of the civilizational vectors of modern Russia make the question of defining civilizational identity one of the most demanded. The article also examines how purposeful social and institutional formation of identities and their conscious alignment into a hierarchical pyramid is possible.

Najat El Hachmi’s trajectory as a writer

The canons of current national literatures are influenced by new perspectives introduced by the changes taking place in a new transnational world order. The experience of migration in Catalonia implies significant changes in identity, a topic that leads to reflection on the literary identity of a land, the nationality of authors, and gender issues. The aim of this article is to provide a brief outline of the themes in Najat El Hachmi’s works (Nador, Morocco, 1979), underlining the identity problem that affects second-generation migrants to Spain alongside the ongoing struggle for gender equality.

INTERDISCIPLINARY INTERACTIONS IN APPLIED LINGUISTICS: A CANADIAN PERSPECTIVE

The article analyzes applied linguistics as a field of knowledge in the Canadian experience and its interdisciplinary interactions. It is pointed out that interdisciplinary interaction with other sciences such as psychology, sociology, informatics, semiotics, cybernetics, etc. determined the evolution of linguistic research in recent decades. In the result of the integration of scientific efforts, such complex sciences as psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, cognitive linguistics, computer linguistics, neurolinguistics, etc. have emerged. It is noted that the interdisciplinary interaction of applied linguistics contributes to its formation as a field of knowledge, enriching research and solving complex linguistic problems. It is established that the connection of applied linguistics with other scientific fields contributed to a comprehensive understanding of language and its use in various fields. The nature, advantages and influence of interdisciplinary connections of applied linguistics in Canada with other fields of knowledge are analyzed. In particular, the connection of applied linguistics with psychology offers an understanding of the cognitive processes involved in language acquisition. At their intersection, the subfield of psycholinguistics emerges. Leading researchers have identified psycholinguistics as the study of how people perceive, create, and understand language. It is noted that the interdisciplinary connection of applied linguistics and sociology solves the problems of language identity, diversity and the influence of social variables on language learning and use. It is determined that the connection of applied linguistics with information technologies, in particular with computational linguistics, contributes to the progress of computer-aided language learning (CALL) and innovative approaches to language learning. It is highlighted that interdisciplinary collaborations in applied linguistics have many advantages, such as a deeper and more thorough comprehension of language-related problems, creative approaches to research, and the creation of workable solutions to real-world language problems.

The The Distortion In Libyan Architecture's Identity Between Its Past And Present

Architectural composition, as a stand-alone form, created a unity of urban identity, gathering in the whole and forming civilization through the ages. As well, buildings with the character of traditional architectural style may create a sense of belonging and belongingness that is distinctive and cannot be duplicated, as well as symbolizing people's identities. In addition, it is still significant that architectural identity plays a role in improving place identity, memory, and belonging. Architecture and place identity have become the central themes of architectural debates in Libya; their form and content are flawed and transformational due to social factors and policies. As a result, realizing these transformations and solving the problem of architectural identity is more important. In this working paper, a qualitative, broad review of Libyan city identity is presented. This article included examples of architecture in use throughout Libya to gain a thorough understanding of the turmoil that is relevant to the present and future identities of Libyan cities. As a conclusion, the article summarized some facts that could be considered from reviews of the heritage of local architecture as references and from general discussions about the current situation in order to develop the vision of building local identities.

Migration and the challenges of identity: a new historicist reading of Dul Johnson’s Deeper Into The Night

This study discusses Dul Johnson’s Deeper into the Night, looking at issues of migration and identity within the Nigerian sphere. A lot of people tend to associate the term migration and identity to go hand in hand. It is not out of place to think that way. This is because when people migrate to a different place, they carry their identity along with them. Hence, by the time they settle in a new environment, they are faced with the issue of assimilation and as a matter of fact, their cultural identity tends to shift. Through the novel, the issues of migration and the challenges of identity is presented through the male character Alhaji Nisa Maiguguwa who migrated from Karara emirate with his entire family in search of a better life. The author presents conflicting issues such as ethnicity, religion and tradition which also introduces the problems of identity in the text under study. This research focuses on the reasons for migration and the problems faced by characters as it concerns identity. New Historicism is used in analyzing the text.

Bias Cuts and Data Dumps

Bias Cuts and Data Dumps

Efficiency evaluating method for coordinated control type on main street

For the majority of cities with an established transport system, certain intensity fluctuations are characteristic, which are cyclical and repeated during a day, day and night and week. Taking into account the available equipment, executive elements of the first layer of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), it is possible to promptly assess the transportation situation and change the mode of control in the on-line format, but this kind of technology is mainly presented in large cities. In spite of the fact that in cities with a small population, belonging to the category of small and medium-sized cities there are identical problems in the field of coordinated management of main streets, on such sections there is no possibility of operational change of management, due to the lack of special equipment and implementation of constant monitoring and control of the traffic situation. In order to improve the efficiency of management in such sections located in small and medium-sized cities, it is necessary to develop a way to evaluate the effectiveness of coordinated management, which is the main purpose of the study.Methods and materials. As a result of the performed research, methods of field observations, calculation methods and modelling methods were used.Results. As part of the completed study, a method to evaluate the effectiveness of the coordinated type of control based on a comparison of the average intensity of the adjacent and mainline section and their corresponding average delay values was developed.Conclusion. The use of the obtained results on the research object made possible to establish time periods of application of coordination and rigid non-coordinated control.

International Human Rights and the Plight of Rohingya in Myanmar

Abstract There are probably no nations in the world today that do not have minority groups. Wherever nation-states exist, ethnic diversity is a pervasive aspect of their life. Myanmar is one of the most ethnically diverse states in Asia. The Rohingya’s existence is a historical fact in Myanmar, but their ethnic minority status is not acknowledged. Rohingya Muslims are facing identity and citizenship problems along with severe international human rights violations. More than 0.7 million Rohingya Muslims are living in Bangladesh as world’s biggest refugee population. The Rohingya gradually lost their identity and eventually became stateless under Myanmar’s domestic legal framework. A large number of them are disenfranchised from exercising their basic human rights. It is argued that not only are their human rights seriously compromised in their present condition of statelessness, but they could still face genocide, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity. The article concludes by emphasizing the responsibility to protect Rohingya Muslims from atrocities, including addressing their statelessness and lack of citizenship. Further research and advocacy are needed to ensure that the human rights of the Rohingya are protected and that they have access to citizenship and legal identity.

A unified benchmark for the unknown detection capability of deep neural networks

Deep neural networks have achieved outstanding performance over various tasks, but they have a critical issue: Over-confident predictions even for completely unknown samples. Many studies have been proposed to successfully filter out these unknown samples, but they only considered narrow and specific tasks, referred to as misclassification detection, open-set recognition, or out-of-distribution detection. In this work, we argue that these tasks should be treated as fundamentally an identical problem because an ideal model should possess detection capability for all those tasks. Therefore, we introduce the unknown detection task, an integration of previous individual tasks, for a rigorous examination of the detection capability of deep neural networks on a wide spectrum of unknown samples. To this end, unified benchmark datasets on different scales were constructed and the unknown detection capabilities of existing popular methods were subject to comparison. We found that Deep Ensemble consistently outperforms the other approaches in detecting unknowns; however, all methods are only successful for a specific type of unknown. The reproducible code and benchmark datasets are available at https://github.com/daintlab/unknown-detection-benchmarks.

A Journey to the Self: The Quest for Identity in Clarice Lispector’s Fiction

One of the best representatives of Latin American literature, Clarice Lispector has always fascinated her readers. Her novels bring into question some major aesthetic and ideological issues, sometimes under the mask of elaborated textual games implying innovative narrative strategies and a new way of understanding fiction. The Hour of the Star (A hora da estrela, 1977) addresses the problem of identity and storytelling, as well as the complex relationships established among author, narrator, character and reader. The violence which the novel’s protagonist has to face and endure is also an expression of the force of literature. Therefore, the heroine’s death stands for the symbolic birth of fiction, her personal life being permanently mirrored by the metaphorical level of this extraordinary text. The novel progressively turns into an intricate and symbolic journey to the self, Lispector analysing the quest for personal (and artistic) identity and its hidden meanings. [Article copies available for a fee from The Transformative Studies Institute. E-mail address: journal@transformativestudies.org Website: http://www.transformativestudies.org ©2023 by The Transformative Studies Institute. All rights reserved.]

Social identities and consolidation practices of the modern youth: the experience of Russian and foreign studies

The article is based on the synthesis of research advances of Russian and foreign authors covering the issues of young people’s self-identification and the practices of their association. This interest is caused by the project implemented in the Samara region «Youth Identity and consolidation practice: regional aspect». The article uses the research results of foreign scientists, which discuss the issues of digital, ethnic-racial, religious identities, as well as the identities of poor youth in the context of establishing the consumer culture values. The results of the All-Russian project «Z Generation Eventivity» (2018) on the childhood eventivity, directed by S.N. Mayorova-Shcheglova, are significant. The research results on the issue under study, obtained in the Samara region, are important. These studies are on the social and medical volunteering, the importance of the activities of folk performance teams for preserving and developing the Russian culture. It was found that the identity problems in foreign studies are mainly placed in the context of consolidation practices of various minorities, socially vulnerable, discriminated youth groups. Russian studies have another approach: the self-identification issues are considered as related to various activities of the young people, their participation in various prosocial groups. We consider the second approach to be more productive in the Russian conditions.

Особенности профессиональной идентичности вьетнамских работников поколения Z, окончивших высшие учебные заведения

Introduction. The research deals with the problems of professional identity of Generation Z in Vietnam and the trend of workplace change in the context of globalisation and digitalisation. The results of theoretical analysis of the definition of Generation Z, the distinctive features of Generation Z from its predecessors, and the essence and statuses of professional identity are presented. The empirical study involved 238 Vietnamese Generation Z employees graduated from higher education institutions.
 Research methods. The following methods and techniques were used: interview, survey, methodology for studying the statuses of professional identity (A.A. Azbel and A.G. Gretsov), test of meaning-life orientations.
 Results. The results of the empirical study on the methods used are described and analysed. The tendency to change workplaces is discussed and its reasons are revealed (desire to test oneself, to give priority attention to one’s own development, desire for self-assertion in front of society, to work in conditions of active labour market, to find a balance between work and personal life). The links between the statuses of professional identity and the meaning-life orientations of generation Z are revealed.

Günümüz Vekalet Savaşlarının Vekalet Kuramı Çerçevesinde İncelenmesi

Proxy warfare, in which one party uses a third party to achieve its own goals, are known for centuries, however, the conceptualization studies of proxy warfare are relatively new. Thereby, in this paper, we assess proxy warfare in terms of agency theory. According to agency theory, the owner of the company delegates their authority to another person (agent) to make decisions on their behalf. If there is information asymmetry between the parties or differentiation in the goals of the principal and the agent or they have different risk-sharing perceptions, agency problem exists. This study discloses that identical problems are common in proxy warfare. That is, if the principal and proxy have unmatching goals or desires accompanying information asymmetry and different risk perceptions, the principal may lose control of the proxy or the principal may exploit the proxy, likewise, the proxy may prefer a different way of action which is not compatible with the goals of the principal. However, this study shows that the remedies for agency theory’s “moral hazard” and “adverse selection” problems might be used in proxy warfare problems by establishing outcome-based contracts and a strong knowledge structure between the parties of proxy warfare.

Рецензия на книгу: Макарова Г.И. Образ Татарстана в стратегиях региональных элит и в массовом сознании: монография (Казань, 2020. 308 с.)

The review contains a brief overview of the content of the monograph by G.I. Makarova “The Image of Tatarstan in the Strategies of Regional Elites and in the Public Consciousness.” The book is based on the results of a sociological research in 2013–2019 in the Republic of Tatarstan. The author of the review draws attention to the complex and systemic nature of G.I. Makarova research work, confirmed by the synthesis of theoretical approaches to the problems of ethnic and regional identity, the image of territories, as well as the triangulation of methods. It is noted that the conclusions of the monograph are based on the results of several sociological methods – mass and expert surveys, in-depth interviews, analysis of official documents, and case studies. It is concluded that in the monograph G.I. Makarova developed a conceptual model for the analysis of the republican policy in the field of region branding and a methodology for sociological study of the results of its application. The conclusions and practical recommendations made by the author regarding the content of this policy and its social consequences, according to the reviewer, go beyond the boundaries of the Republic of Tatarstan. They can be used to study similar issues in other republics within the Russian Federation, while improving branding strategies and identity policies.

Этническое происхождение и идентичность поморов: подходы, результаты, выводы

The study is aimed at examining the intermediate results of the consideration of the problem of ethnogenesis and ethno-cultural identity of the Pomors in the domestic science of the XVIII – early XXI centuries. The re-search methodology is based on the principles of systemacity and historicism and includes methods of biblio-graphic analysis and systematization of information, problem-chronological method, comparative-historical method. Two opposing models of Pomor genesis and identity are characterized, one of which is based on con-structivism, the other on a moderate situativist approach and traditional conceptual apparatus. It is shown that the consequence of different interpretations of the results of scientific research was the identification of two opposite models of the genesis and identity of the Pomors, one of which methodologically relies on constructiv-ism with an external appeal to Paleoeuropean and Finno-Ugric cultural and genetic primordialism, the other – on a moderate (taking into account the primordialist principles) situationist approach and traditional conceptual and conceptual apparatus. Within the framework of the developments of the second model, it is proved that the process of formation of the Pomeranian community took not only the period of the mature and late Middle Ag-es, but also of Modern times and consisted of several local “genetic infusions” into the Slavic environment while preserving the cultural and linguistic components of the latter. Based on the analysis and understanding of the existing bibliography array, a number of conclusions and recommendations are made, the consideration of which is intended to ensure the scientific productivity of further research on the topic. These include the need to abandon the use of the concept of “protopomora” and statements about the stable genetic antiquity and ge-netic unity of the Pomors, the expediency of chronotypic localization of the concept of “Pomorie”, the unscien-tific use of the White Sea dialects, the pidgin “Russenorsk” and the history of Bespop communities of the Pomor as ethnic markers, the correctness of considering the Pomors as primarily a socio-economic group, the rele-vance of the application of the primordial conceptual apparatus in cultural terms, relying on the Russian lan-guage basis, etc.

Differentiating between intrapsychic symptoms and behavioral expressions of borderline personality disorder in relation to childhood emotional maltreatment and emotion dysregulation: an exploratory investigation

ABSTRACT Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder, characterized by pronounced instability in emotions, self-image, and interpersonal relationships. Experiences of childhood maltreatment are among the risk factors for BPD. While self-damaging and aggressive acts often occur, not every person with the disorder shows markedly dysregulated behaviour. Internalized symptoms, such as shame, loneliness, and self-disgust tend to be more pervasive and persist after clinical remission. Objective: Here we investigated associations between BPD symptom severity, childhood maltreatment, and emotion regulation difficulties. We further explored if the Borderline Symptom List (BSL) could potentially be used to differentiate between internalized symptoms (intrapsychic strain) and externalized symptoms (dysregulated behaviours) in future research. Method: 187 women with at least mild BPD symptoms (65% having a diagnosis of BPD) completed the BSL 23 including its 11-item supplement (BSL-S), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Participants further underwent a semi-structured clinical interview to assess BPD criteria (International Personality Disorder Examination, IPDE). Multivariate models and regression-based bootstrapping analyses were performed to test direct and indirect effects. Results: Childhood trauma severity, especially emotional abuse, positively predicted BPD symptom severity. A significant indirect effect through emotion regulation difficulties was found (k 2=.56). When exploring associations with BPD criteria (IPDE), the BSL-23 mean significantly correlated with separation anxiety, identity and mood problems, chronic emptiness, suicidal ideation, and dissociation, while the BSL-S correlated with self-harming impulsive behaviour and anger outbursts. Conclusions: Findings complement previous research, highlighting the role of childhood maltreatment and emotion regulation difficulties in BPD. While our findings need to be seen as preliminary and interpreted with caution, they suggest that the BSL may be used to differentiate between internalized symptoms and behavioural expressions of BPD in future research. Such a distinction might help to deepen the understanding of this complex heterogenous disorder.

Who am I when I don't know who I am? The problem of personal identity in infants and elderly with cognitive disabilities

AbstractThis article addresses the problem of whether we can speak of personal identity in cases of infants or elderly with cognitive disabilities as hydrocephaly or dementia, lives that could be considered borderline in terms of personal identity because they lack certain characteristics normally considered indispensable for personal life. Taking as a reference recent discussions on personal identity, particularly the narrative theories of Hilde Lindemann, Françoise Baylis and Marya Schechtman, the article analyses in what sense, under what assumptions, and in what way such a thing could be defended. Finally, some problems and objections to these approaches are considered.

“An Artist With Trauma” in Search of Identity: The Postmodernist Options in Ukrainian and Turkish Literatures

The article examines the typological features of the image of an artist with trauma and its correlation with the issue of identity. The subjet matter for the analysis are the novels My Name is Red by O. Pamuk and The City with Chimeras by O. Ilchenko. The article utilises historical-literary, comparative, and mythopoetic research methods and studies of traumatic writing and identity problems. The article defines the characteristic features of the image of a traumatised artist, such as the artist's stay in a traumatic situation of creative and personal crisis, fanatical worship of the idea of serving Beauty with a dominance of the aesthetic over the moral, willingness to justify death as a form of convincing opponents; the presence of a physical injury. The article also substantiates the expediency of Medusa Gorgona’s image as a mythos-archetypal counterpart of this image. The results of the comparative analysis prove that an artist with trauma is relevant primarily for the artistic understanding of the post-colonial experience as a type of trauma. Their heroes are in search of identity. It becomes their successful or unsuccessful attempt to overcome the trauma through creativity.