Reform Ideas Research Articles

A content analysis of alignment messages to the Next Generation Science Standards

Teachers are a critical component to standards-based reform systems, which require that reforms conceived at the national level pass through several layers of the educational system before impacting learning in the classroom. The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) are an example of this type of reform and pose significant challenges for alignment between levels given their three-dimensional nature alongside inclusion of ambitious and novel reform ideas. To examine translation of NGSS reforms across levels, we provide a content analysis of alignment messages conveyed to teachers through practitioner literature. Analysis indicates some coherence with national messaging around alignment to performance expectations and science and engineering practices. Additionally, alignment to broader reform ideas like engaging in science practices, integration, engineering, and focus on phenomena were represented to teachers. However, qualitative analysis of these representations indicate that reforms are often superficially portrayed, variably defined, or missing altogether. Findings indicate that teachers receive numerous messages regarding what it means to align to the NGSS and few elaborations on how to operationalize reforms. Our work suggests a need for intentional consideration of how to design representations for practitioners that consider teacher sensemaking around novel reforms. Additionally, we see a need for further development of coherence among the research community regarding alignment to the NGSS and agreement on definition of key reform ideas. Future work should consider how teachers use and understand these representations as they enact the NGSS in their local contexts.

Dravidian Movement’s Political Dramas

Even after India’s independence from British colonialism, the Vedic Sanathana dominated the majority of people. The Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam criticised the ruling Congress party in Tamil Nadu. At the same time, the ideas of social reforms against the social atrocities that dominated the Tamil society of that time were depicted through political dramas. The Dravidian movement’s political dramas particularly portrayed the views against the caste inequality, untouchability, gender inequality, mythological myths, and Sanskrit dominance created by the Vedic Sanathana.

Текстовые средства распространения реформационных идей в обществе Англии середины XVI века

The death of Henry VIII in January 1547 entailed a departure from a rather rigid line in religious policy, which, in turn, led to a freer dissemination of ideas in the field of religion. This spread was characterized not only by the increased number of published texts, but also by the boldness of the authors' statements, the brightness of the images they used. The article is devoted to the study of textual means of spreading of reformation ideas in the society of England in the middle of the 16th century. The object of the study is genrediverse works: the sermon “About the plow”, written by Hugh Latimer, one of the leaders of the promotion of religious transformations in England, and the satirical work “Doctor Double Ale”, published by the London doctor Luke Shepherd. Sermons and satirical works of the middle of the 16th century, given the rather large literacy of the population of the foggy Albion, should have found a warm response from those to whom the writings were addressed. However, despite the fact that these works were created in line with the official policy of religious transformations, it is quite difficult to talk about the degree of their direct influence on its implementation.

When institutions ‘bite’: Malaysia’s flawed democratisation

ABSTRACT While the expectation is that electoral turnover spurred by change agents will translate to political reform and/or consolidation of reform, recent outcomes have been disappointing. Taking the example of Malaysia’s recent political change, we argue that carrying out political reform and consolidating them remain elusive because there are strong tendencies by all parties – change agents included – to stay invested to aspects of state’s institutional qualities. We explain that institutions ‘bite’; that change agents are not completely free agents because political reform remains highly dependent on existing institutional qualities, the so-called rules of the game. While new reform ideas hold promises of change, issues of path dependence, increasing returns, and dense institutional networks impose challenges to actors making them highly invested in existing institutional mixes resulting in a botched democratisation effort.

Different meanings of "constitutional change" and the Sendero Luminoso's "reformist" pretension

Objective: This paper aims to unravel how the term "constitutional reform" has been used in different ways within the Peruvian State and how this has been reflected in the reality of the country itself. Method: The methodological approach was descriptive qualitative research, based on the methodology "process tracing" and "discourse analysis". The information shown was based on systematized data from journalistic information and public speeches given in recent years, which have been compiled in a repository. Results: The results demonstrate the different variations that the term "constitutional reform" has taken and how it has been used to support the Constituent Assembly, an objective of the radical left in Peru for decades. At the same time, it has been possible to demonstrate the relationship between this notion and the idea of "reform", which is the starting point of the terrorist group Sendero Luminoso, being the case that at present, little by little, they are getting closer to achieving their original objective. Conclusions: The central contribution of the paper demonstrates the similarity between the original idea of reform of the terrorist group Sendero Luminoso and the dominant discourse of constitutional reform in the violent protests after the Castillo coup d'état. This variation in the meaning of "constitutional reform" for the Peruvian population involved in this reform plan is proven.

Bibliometric Analysis of Academic Papers Citing Dunleavy et al.’s (2006) “New Public Management Is Dead—Long Live Digital-Era Governance”: Identifying Research Clusters and Future Research Agendas

I trace the bibliometric evolution of “New Public Management Is Dead” by Dunleavy et al. to investigate how the seminal paper influenced the administrative reform debate. They suggested Digital-Era Governance as the main post-NPM idea. My bibliometric analysis discovers public value, administrative reform trajectories, and digital government as influential themes. Unlike Dunleavy et al., the literature found the managerial reform wave is not linear, reform ideas are supplementary, and NPM remains a major toolkit. Future research should focus on reintegration and need-based holism, linking digital government to administrative reform, and the negative impact of digital government on democracy.

Research on Teaching Reform and Practice of Discrete Mathematics Course in Information Security Major

A proposed teaching reform idea is developed by examining the talent training approach of "Discrete Mathematics" within the information security curriculum and the unique features of the course's knowledge system. This new approach aligns with the characteristics of applied information security specialty and emphasizes the cultivation of practical information security talents. The proposed teaching reform idea involves integrating engineering ethics and MOOC teaching reform elements to expand the teaching approach and to develop a new course teaching mode.

Ireland and America: Empire, Revolution, and Sovereignty ed. by Patrick Griffin and Francis D. Cogliano

Reviewed by: Ireland and America: Empire, Revolution, and Sovereignty ed. by Patrick Griffin and Francis D. Cogliano Nicola Martin (bio) Ireland, Early United States, American Revolution, Empire, Imperialism, Sovereignty Ireland and America: Empire, Revolution, and Sovereignty. Edited by Patrick Griffin and Francis D. Cogliano. (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2021. Pp. 356. Cloth, $49.50.) This volume is the fruit of a conference held to examine Ireland and America as places that were both shaped by, and actively shaped, empire and revolution. Patrick Griffin and Francis D. Cogliano have done an excellent job in selecting and drawing together thirteen broadly ranging, both chronologically and geographically, contributions to achieve their aim of complicating current understandings of both places. Written by renowned experts in Atlantic history, the essays employ a wide range of sources to interrogate various aspects of empire and revolution, all engaging with the central comparative of the volume to frame their studies. The essays in Part One provide direct comparisons between Ireland and America on themes including resistance to empire, alternatives to independence, and the experiences of dominant minorities in the empire. Those in Part Two broaden out to examine a number of themes related to the revolutionary era, such as mapping, religion and ideology, and post-independence readjustments, using the comparative as a framework for their investigations. In many ways Nicholas Canny's opening essay sets up that comparative, demonstrating how Irish Catholics interacted with, and were characterized by, European empires from the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries. Canny posits this group as one that was part of, yet also somewhat apart from, both Europe and empire. Having set the scene of Irish interactions and position in the Atlantic world, the remaining essays in Part One deal [End Page 163] with a wide range of issues that demonstrate connections and disconnects between Ireland and America. Gordon S. Wood uses revolutionary pamphlets to demonstrate how patriot polemicists used the Irish example, sometimes distorting it in the process, to set out their arguments as to why Parliament had no constitutional authority over them. Eliga Gould outlines a third way between independence and continued subordination, which Ireland achieved through its negotiated settlement of 1782 and which demonstrated a significant divergence from the American patriots, for whom such an option was no longer acceptable. Other essays in Part One are concerned with the volume's key themes of mobilization and imperial attitudes. T. H. Breen posits the British response to the Boston Tea Party and the Easter Rising, rather than the events themselves, as the spark for popular mobilization, while Matthew P. Dziennik emphasises the importance of military mobilization for reinforcing British and American attitudes toward the Irish. Trevor Burnard rounds off Part One with an examination of the development of new imperial attitudes within both the British imperial elite and the imperial populations of Jamaica and Ireland in the 1780s, demonstrating the consequences of the American Revolution throughout the British Atlantic world. In Part Two, the essays move away from direct comparison to a broader framework that draws on the earlier arguments about connections and disconnect to provide important insights to America and the wider Atlantic world before, during, and after the Revolution. Highlights include Max Edelson's study of cadastral maps to illustrate the ad hoc system the British and its imperial peoples used to allocate land throughout the empire during the seventeenth century, a system that invariably ignored Indigenous systems of land allocation. Rachel Banke's investigation of the correspondence and papers of the Earl of Bute and King George III is another important contribution. Banke examines the papers to outline the key tenets of their ideas for imperial reform, convincingly arguing that these were shaped by European influences as a result of George's "enlightened absolutism" (212) and the realities of the post-Seven Years' War context. A key theme running through several essays in Part Two is the new realities and questions of nation and statehood created by the American Revolution. Jessica Choppin Roney examines the co-opting of the Declaration of Independence by Americans who sought support for their own bids for statehood, while Annette Gordon-Reed outlines the constitutional questions arising from the revolution and...

Research on Online Teaching of Art Management Major Based on Deep Learning Under the Background of Internet

Research on online teaching of art management major based on deep learning under the background of Internet is conducted in this manuscript. In the process of in-depth teaching, classroom teaching activities are an organic whole, and "teaching" and "learning" are not separated. This requires a change in the professional role of teachers, and the role of knowledge instiller and also teaching task implementer must be abandoned. Art management is an emerging discipline that intersects and organically integrates a variety of modern cultural disciplines and also modern management disciplines. Hence, this paper considers the deep learning ideas to create the efficient ideas of the educational reform.

Discussion on the Teaching Reform of Python Language Programming Course for Engineering Majors Based on OBE

Python has a simple language structure and is free and open source. Therefore, more and more colleges and universities set it as a required course of engineering programming language. By analyzing the advantages of python language teaching, and based on the concept of Outcome-based Education (OBE), this paper puts forward the teaching reform idea of python language programming public course in ordinary colleges and universities.

O’Connor v Donaldson (1975): Legal Challenges, Psychiatric Authority, and the Dangerousness Problem in Deinstitutionalization

Abstract In 1975, the Supreme Court heard the case of O’Connor v Donaldson, in which Kenneth Donaldson disputed the decision of his psychiatrists at the Florida State Hospital to keep him incarcerated for 15 years for a mental illness, though he was not dangerous or receiving treatment. The Donaldson decision pitted activist attorneys against psychiatrists who were increasingly beleaguered in their efforts to assert expertise about mental illness in American society. This case and its context offer a window into the psychiatric and legal conversations within the deinstitutionalization movement. During a time when both psychiatry and the law were shifting in their professional claims and emphases, each side was captured by an idea of reform based on how they imagined the problems to be configured. Examining themes of place, authority, right to treatment, and dangerousness reveals the limitations of the reforms and the hardening of a narrative that limited state action to the elision of mental illness with dangerousness.

Packaging OECD policy advice: universal policy models and domestication of recommendations

ABSTRACT The dynamics between international organisations’ activity of scriptwriting universalised models and theorising the local effects of such models has been a little studied aspect of world society research. In this paper, we seek to bridge this gap in the existing research. We examine one prominent IO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and its flagship reports, and how the policy proposals promoted therein have changed from the 1960s to the 2010s. Our analysis reveals that from the 1990s onwards the themes addressed proliferate and the language becomes more abstract, while references to other countries’ policies also increase. In parallel, the actual policy proposals aimed at the countries evaluated expand and become more detailed, containing explicit links to national contexts and conditions. We suggest that these changes in the issuing of policy recommendations reflect strategic decisions by the OECD to facilitate the domestication of its reform ideas.

Людиноорієнтованість філософського знання в системі наукових поглядів діячів Острозького культурно-освітнього центру (кінець XVI – початок XVII ст.)

The article traces the development of philosophical and theological knowledge in the Ostroh cultural and educational center in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. Philosophical and theological knowledge was formed within the framework of Renaissance and Reformation ideas, which were dominant in the educational and cultural space of Ukraine in the specified period and, in turn, had an impact on the formation of conceptual worldview orientations at that time and later on. The main attention is paid to the philosophical and theological teachings developed by representatives of the Reformation movement: Vasyl Surazkyi, Gerasym Smotrytskyi, Kliryk Ostrozkyi, etc. In their works, the mentioned figures focused their attention on the issues of essence and role of philosophical knowledge in the education system of that time, developed human-oriented worldview questions along the lines of a Human being–God–the Universe as a response to the difficult socio-historical conditions of ethnic Ukrainian lands being part of foreign states and submission to foreign ideologies. In the spirit of ancient Rus traditions, Ostroh reformers considered philosophy to be wisdom, the task of which was to decipher and interpret the content of the Bible, the instructions of patristic literature and its adepts in order to uphold and protect the truths expressed in the Orthodox creed. It is concluded that, despite the fact that the line represented by the Reformation wing of Ostroh cultural and educational center is characterized from the point of view of historical retrospect as traditionalist and conservative, the complex of ideas and conceptual principles regarding a human being, his/her place in life, and worldview landmarks orientations constitute an important page in the history of this educational institution in particular and Ukrainian education and culture in general. Keywords: Ostroh cultural and educational center, reformation ideas, philosophical and theological education, human being, world, national identity.

Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne UE i Ukrainy w obliczu agresji ze strony Rosji

The energy security of EU is one of the most important directives of the EU and Ukrainian policy. However, the fact that European politicians underestimated the hazards related to the scale of en- ergy resources imported from Russia and its geopolitical ambitions revealed the shortcomings of the European strategy. Following the Russian aggression in February 2022, the strategic EU method is to ensure the energy independence of the region and the energy security of all member states. This article is devoted to analysing the Russian invasion impact on the energy security of EU and the Ukraine. It analyses major ideas of EU energy policy reform in the face of the Russian invasion of the Ukraine and the perspectives of restoring energy security of European states. The selected systemic and structural‑functional analysis enabled not only to discuss the EU energy security aspects more broadly, but also to emphasize key problems in the short‑ and long‑term perspective.

Reformation, Revolution, Renovation: The Roots and Reception of the Rosicrucian Call for General Reform by Lyke de Vries

Reviewed by: Reformation, Revolution, Renovation: The Roots and Reception of the Rosicrucian Call for General Reform by Lyke de Vries Timothy Grieve-Carlson lyke de vries. Reformation, Revolution, Renovation: The Roots and Reception of the Rosicrucian Call for General Reform. Leiden: Brill, 2021. Pp. x + 432. The meaning of the word "Rosicrucian" is persistently confounding, not only for the everyday reader, but perhaps especially for scholars who specialize in Western Esotericism. Even a glancing encounter with the label in a primary document requires us to pause, reread closely, and carefully attempt to figure out exactly which meaning of the word "Rosicrucian" is in front of us. This confusion stems from the strange panoply of meanings, beliefs, and organizations with which the word has been associated since its appearance at the beginning of the seventeenth century, when the label "Rosicrucian" meant something rather specific. But, as Frances Yates (who, despite a few necessary critiques and corrections, remains a profound interpreter of the subject) puts it, by the nineteenth century, the word took on such "strange vagaries," such a plurality of dissonant meanings and contested claims, that it becomes almost useless as an emic or etic category. The persistence of these "strange vagaries" in the meaning of Rosicrucianism is one of many reasons to welcome Lyke de Vries's new book Reformation, Revolution, Renovation: The Roots and Reception of the Rosicrucian Call for General Reform. De Vries's analysis focuses on the controversy that followed the publication of the original Rosicrucian texts in seventeenth-century Europe, animated by a single research question: "What did some readers find so attractive, and others so dangerous" about the Rosicrucian manifestos (19)? De Vries isolates a specific answer: the idea of a general reformation, which was "most central to the Rosicrucian cause" (19). The "principal aim" of the manifestos, argues de Vries, was a "reformation of religion, politics, and knowledge" (167). The notion of Rosicrucianism as a cause—that is, a call to political action if not a defined political program—is surprising at first, but de Vries makes the case well. The Rosicrucian manifestos appeared in a context of "anti-establishment reformative zeal," when calls for change—in politics, science, religion—were still dissenting, [End Page 470] but increasingly common. De Vries organizes the analysis into three parts: the history of the ideas and themes present in the content of the manifestos themselves, the ideological positions of the likely authors, and the response following their publication. The first section of the book deliberately sets aside the question of authorship to focus exclusively on the contents of the texts and their intellectual context in seventeenth-century Europe. De Vries's decision to arrange the analysis in this order bears fruit with her conclusion that the Rosicrucian manifestos should not be interpreted as straightforwardly Lutheran texts, despite the backgrounds of the authors. As de Vries convincingly argues, "the contents of the manifestos have very little in common with Lutheran orthodoxy, and with [Lutheran] pessimism regarding human nature and the terrestrial future" (361). Rather, the basic ideological framework of the texts themselves has much more in common with Paracelsianism. The Rosicrucian brethren portrayed in the manifestos saw themselves as physicians in a Paracelsian mold, setting out to cure an ailing body politic which they expected to completely recover—eventually. In the second part of the book, de Vries turns directly to the authors of the Rosicrucian texts, Johannes Valentinus Andreae and Tobias Hess. In this section, de Vries engages the claim that the manifestos do not merely take the form of a fable, but that they were actually a kind of prank, not meant to be taken seriously at all. De Vries's analysis of the uses of fiction to communicate sophisticated ideas in the early modern period shows how reformers consistently masked their critiques in fiction, humor, and fable. Andreae in particular memorably claimed that "he preferred writing ludibria [humorous or unserious writing] to serious treatises because he favored laughter over prosecution" (364). In a rhetorical style that we can see in a variety of political contexts today, humor and fantasy can provide enough plausible deniability to vastly open the horizon of acceptable political claims. And as...

Институциональные аспекты пространственного регулирования в Российской Федерации

The article examines the directions of institutional transformations, related to the need to ensure the consistent implementation of key directions and tasks in the sphere of spatial regulation in the economy of Russia. One of such institutional components is the system of federal relations, which constitute the most significant "frame" of the country's economic space. At the same time, federal structures represent not a “frozen”, but a dynamically developing block of economic and legal relations, which are implemented in the form of a periodic appeal to the idea of federal reform.

The Current Situation and Reform Ideas of Administrative Management in Vocational Colleges

Administrative management is an important link that cannot be ignored in vocational colleges. It plays an important role in organization and decision-making. The school conducts administrative management on relevant affairs in the college through teachers, students and others to promote the administrative construction of vocational colleges. The progress of society promotes the progress of college administration, but there are still some problems in the administrative management of vocational colleges at present, such as the defects of management system, the low level of managers, etc. This article carries out the reform from four aspects: changing the traditional administrative mode, repositioning administrative workers, improving the comprehensive ability of administrative personnel, and improving the concept of administrative management.

Muhammed Reşid Rıza’nın el-Vahyu’l-Muhammedî Eseri Bağlamında Peygamber Tasavvuru ve Islah Düşüncelerinin Değerlendirilmesi

There are two main sources that regulate the worship and daily life of Muslims. Undoubtedly, the first of these is the Qur'an, and the second is the Sunnah of the Prophet. These two concepts have been used for different purposes in some periods of Islamic history. These religious values, which are the common denominators of people, have been tried to evolve into different meanings, sometimes to justify an action, and sometimes when political crises increase and the guards of the authorities fall. The perception of the Prophet was reflected in the works of Muslim personalities who were influenced by the West, in addition to these aforementioned reasons, in certain periods of history. As a matter of fact, Muhammad Rashid Rıza, who looked at subjects such as the Qur'an, Prophethood and the Prophethood from a different perspective in his work al-Vahyu'l-Muhammad, became one of the most important representatives of "Contemporary Islamic Thought" that emerged under the influence of the West. The work of Muhammad Rashid Rıza, which we have evaluated, called al-Vahyu'l-Muhammed, aims to reveal a Quran-centered belief methodology. At the same time, at the core of Rashid Rıza's thoughts is a system of thought that aims at reforming the society, the rise of Muslims in their own age, and bringing to the fore and reviving not only the Qur'an but also other religious sciences. In this work that we are analyzing, a comparison is made between the Qur'an, the Bible and western sources in order to reveal the superiority and virtue of the Islamic world in terms of faith and morality, and it is stated that the superiority of the Qur'an is higher than other books. is being done. Reşid Rıza emphasizes that, contrary to the accusations, religion, science and technology are in close relationship, and that Muslims should also be open to continuous development, spiritually and morally equipped. Reşid Rıza's thoughts are based on the idea that improvement can only be achieved through education and training. It is to acquire knowledge and to teach it to people, that is, to do the opposite of everything that is thought in terms of ignorance and laziness. According to Reşid Rıza, religious, social and social reforms are the only way to bring order to the political structure. However, he states that Muslims can be together in terms of spiritual unity in the creation of Islamic unity. The aim of reform is to bring all Muslims together in a faith-centered common value and to establish a legal system that is free from foreign interventions. According to Reşid Rıza, it is aimed to keep religion alive and protect people through the idea of reform. Along with this, education and social development will take place. In this work, which we have evaluated with these aspects, a holistic approach has been adopted while the subject is being presented, rather than the narration of a chronological event flow. The main reason for this is that the work has an apological, that is, defensive style. In the work, there are mostly thoughts that reflect Reşid Rıza's own mental mentality. Reşid Rıza has adopted a style based on his own informational poems by putting the Qur'an in the center. Even if we say that the work reflects Reşid Rıza's own mental mentality, the fact that almost all of the judgments in the work are based on the Qur'an, and sometimes he makes use of the Bible and western sources, brought the thoughts in the work to be consistent, original and original within itself. In this study, in the context of al-Vahyu'l-Muhammed, Muhammad Reşid Rıza's view of improvement thoughts, Prophet's vision, Prophethood and Prophecy are discussed.

Desde el neoliberalismo austericida de Europa hacia la reconstrucción social en España: propuestas para la reforma constitucional

Abstract More than a decade after the start of the eurozone crisis, the coronavirus in Spain has brought back the idea of constitutional reform in social rights. The paradigm shift that occurred with the arrival of the pandemic is hardly questionable. From the austerity promoted by European institutions and assumed by national authorities in the face of the 2008 financial crisis, we have recently moved on to boosting public investment and social spending in both spheres of governance. This paper comparatively analyses the two scenarios to demonstrate that economic policy is a matter of ideology. Moreover, austerity is only one of many possible responses to economic downturns. And to preserve our welfare state in the face of future austerity trends, this paper argues strongly in favour of a series of constitutional reforms in Spain to guarantee the effectiveness of social rights.

Abolition of Caste and Abolition of Alcohol in Udumalai Narayanakavi Songs

Udumalai Narayanakavi is a great lyricist. Rationalist thinker. In his songs, he clearly mentioned humanity and the values of life. It is noteworthy that the ideas of social reform prevailed in his thought-provoking songs. The way he recorded his strong views on society in his songs sets him apart from other poets. From time to time, luminaries and wise men have worked hard to eradicate caste and alcoholism. Nevertheless, Periyar’s policies inspired them to abolish them and reform the people. Udumalai Narayanakavi, who followed Periyar's ideals, used his rational thoughts in his movie screen songs. Through this, he was actively engaged in removing the social weeds of caste and alcohol which had been prevalent among the people. Udumalai Narayana Kavi, a multi-faceted and socially conscious person, has been praised and appreciated for his use of his songs as a tool to make people aware of the evils of caste, alcohol, etc., and the need to eradicate them. This article narrates Udumalaiyar's impressions about caste and alcohol in the songs of the film that reach out to the people easily.