Ideal Pair Research Articles

TOPSIS method based on the connection number of set pair analysis under interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set environment

The objective of this paper is to focus on multi-attribute decision-making for interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set environment based on set pair analysis (SPA). For it, the major component of the SPA known as connection number has been constructed based on the set pairs between two preference values consists of every attribute and ideal pairs of it. Based on these connection numbers, an extension of technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution method is developed by combining the proposed connection number for IVIFSs and hence finding the best alternative(s) using relative degree of closeness coefficient. An illustrative example has been given for demonstrating the approach and compares their performance with some existing measures.

Artinianness and finiteness of formal local cohomology modules with respect to a pair of ideals

Let $$(R,\mathfrak {m})$$ be a commutative Noetherian local ring, M be a finitely generated R-module and $$\mathfrak {a}$$ , I and J are ideals of R. We investigate the structure of formal local cohomology modules of $$\mathfrak {F}^i_{\mathfrak {a},I,J}(M)$$ and $$\check{\mathfrak {F}}^i_{\mathfrak {a},I,J}(M)$$ with respect to a pair of ideals, for all $$i\ge 0$$ . The main subject of the paper is to study the finiteness properties and artinianness of $$\mathfrak {F}^i_{\mathfrak {a},I,J}(M)$$ and $$\check{\mathfrak {F}}^i_{\mathfrak {a},\mathfrak {m},J}(M)$$ . We study the maximum and minimum integer $$i\in \mathbb {N}$$ such that $$\mathfrak {F}^i_{\mathfrak {a},\mathfrak {m},J}(M)$$ and $$\check{\mathfrak {F}}^i_{\mathfrak {a},\mathfrak {m},J}(M)$$ are not Artinian and we obtain some results involving cosupport, coassociated and attached primes for formal local cohomology modules with respect to a pair of ideals. Also, we give an criterion involving the concepts of finiteness and vanishing of formal local cohomology modules and Cech-formal local cohomology modules with respect to a pair of ideals.

On formal local cohomology modules with respect to a pair of ideals

We introduce a generalization of the formal local cohomology module, which we call a formal local cohomology module with respect to a pair of ideals, and study its various properties. We analyze their structure, upper and lower vanishing and non-vanishing properties. There are various exact sequences concerning formal cohomology modules, among them we have a Mayer-Vietoris sequence with respect to pair ideals. Also, we give another proof for a generalized version of the local duality theorems for Gorenstein, Cohen-Macaulay rings, and a generalization of the Grothendieck duality theorem for Gorenstein rings. We discuss the concept of formal grade with respect to a pair of ideals and give some results about this.

Serre subcategories and the cofiniteness of generalized local cohomology modules with respect to a pair of ideals

We study some properties of the generalized local cohomology modules [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] with respect to a pair of ideals [Formula: see text] in Serre subcategories. Some results concerning to [Formula: see text]-cofinite modules are also given in this paper.

The Aluffi algebra of the Jacobian of points in projective space: Torsion-freeness

The algebra in the title has been introduced by P. Aluffi. Let J⊂I be ideals in the commutative ring R. The (embedded) Aluffi algebra of I on R/J is an intermediate graded algebra between the symmetric algebra and Rees Algebra of the ideal I/J over R/J. A pair of ideals has been dubbed an Aluffi torsion-free pair if the surjective map of the Aluffi algebra of I/J onto the Rees algebra of I/J is injective. In this paper we focus on the situation where J is the ideal of points in general linear position in projective space and I is its Jacobian ideal.

Some Results on Local Cohomology Modules with Respect to a Pair of Ideals

We study the finiteness of the sets $\operatorname{Ass}(H^d_{I, J}(M))$ and $\operatorname{Ass}(\operatorname{Hom}_R(R/I, H^d_{I, J}(M)))$ concerning Grothendieck's conjecture. We also show some properties of local cohomology modules $H^i_{I, J}(M)$ from the point of view of Serre subcategories.

Synthesis and gas separation properties of poly(ionic liquid)-ionic liquid composite membranes containing a copper salt

Composite poly(ionic liquid)-ionic liquid membranes containing copper (I) chloride (CuCl) have been successfully fabricated via photopolymerization of an IL monomer, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium bistriflimide ([C4vim][Tf2N]), in the presence of CuCl and a non-polymerizable IL, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim][Cl]), forming the chlorocuprate anion ([CuCl2]−) in situ. The influence of the metal salt content on the gas separation performance of the composite membranes was assessed. Results showed that increasing the content of non-polymerizable IL enhanced the permeabilities of CO2, H2, N2 and CO relative to those obtained in the pristine poly([C4vim][Tf2N]); whereas the addition of CuCl induced a general reduction of gas diffusivity. On the whole, an enhancement of both gas permeability and ideal gas pair selectivity were observed for CO2/N2 and H2/N2 separations in the Cu-containing composite membranes with respect to the neat poly([C4vim][Tf2N]).

The Ideal Pair Method, an Alternative to the Ideal Profile Method Based on Pairwise Comparisons: Application to a Panel of Children

AbstractStudying consumers’ ideals is an efficient way to improve or develop products. The Ideal Profile Method is a method able to answer that issue by providing a sensory definition of both the ideal and the real products. This definition is based on the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis method that can represent a problem, as it may not be practicable with all kinds of panel. How to proceed if the use of the Ideal Profile Method is inappropriate? We propose a new methodology: the Ideal Pair Method, the notion of pair being used as the second item of two, in relation to the first one. This methodology can be considered as an alternative to the Ideal Profile Method based on pairwise comparisons. We will present the protocol and the statistical analysis of the data. The methodology will be demonstrated through an experiment realized with a panel of children.Practical ApplicationsThe Ideal Pair Method (IPaM) leads to the description of the ideal product of the panel and is applicable to situations where the conventional method (i.e., the Ideal Profile Method) is not suitable as it is not adapted to the nature of the panel. Thus, IPaM can be very useful if we want to reveal the ideal product of children (example in this article), seniors, etc. The methodology can be applied to any kind of products: food, cosmetics, fragrances (example in this article), etc.

Some extensions of Hilbert–Kunz multiplicity

Let R be an excellent Noetherian ring of prime characteristic. Consider an arbitrary nested pair of ideals (or more generally, a nested pair of submodules of a fixed finite module). We do not assume that their quotient has finite length. In this paper, we develop various sufficient numerical criteria for when the tight closures of these ideals (or submodules) match. For some of the criteria we only prove sufficiency, while some are shown to be equivalent to the tight closures matching. We compare the various numerical measures (in some cases demonstrating that the different measures give truly different numerical results) and explore special cases where equivalence with matching tight closure can be shown. All of our measures derive ultimately from Hilbert–Kunz multiplicity.

Class pairings and isogenies on elliptic curves

In [Bue76,Bue77] a non-trivial homomorphism δ was constructed from Q-rational points on an elliptic curve to the ideal class group of a quadratic field K=Q(D). In [MT83] it was conjectured that δ was related to a pairing on points of E(K), which has come to be known as the ideal class pairing. In this paper we will show how to write the ideal class pairing in an explicit and easy-to-compute manner, and we will prove by direct calculation that the homomorphism δ is identical to the ideal class pairing with one argument fixed. For any elliptic curve E over a number field K, we will show how to extend the ideal class pairing to a full pairing on E(K), called simply the elliptic curve class pairing, which maps into an extension of the idele class group of K. The explicit formulas we will derive for the elliptic curve class pairing will enable us to prove that there is a natural relationship between this pairing and the Weil descent pairing. The kernel of the elliptic curve class pairing will be determined in many cases where one argument is taken to be a fixed torsion point and, as a corollary, the kernel of δ will be computed for a class of elliptic curves over imaginary quadratic fields.

Lower Bounds for Local Cohomology Modules with Respect to a Pair of Ideals

Let R be a Noetherian ring, I and J two ideals of R, M an R-module and t an integer. Let S be a Serre subcategory of the category of R-modules satisfying the condition CI, and N be a finitely generated R-module with Supp RN= V (𝔞) for some [Formula: see text]. It is shown that if [Formula: see text] for all i < t and all j < t-i, then [Formula: see text] for all i < t. Let S be the class of all R-modules N with dim R N ≤ k, where k is an integer. It is proved that if [Formula: see text] for all i < t and all [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] for all i < t. It follows that [Formula: see text].

Use of Flawed and Ideal Image Pairs to Drive Filter Creation by Genetic Programming

Use of Flawed and Ideal Image Pairs to Drive Filter Creation by Genetic Programming

Establishment of isogenic iPSCs from an individual with SCN1A mutation mosaicism as a model for investigating neurocognitive impairment in Dravet syndrome

Dravet syndrome (DS) is a severe childhood epilepsy typically caused by de novo dominant mutations in SCN1A. Although patients with DS frequently have neurocognitive abnormalities, the precise neural mechanisms responsible for their expression have not been elucidated. There are wide phenotypic differences among individuals with SCN1A mutations, suggesting that factors other than the SCN1A mutation modify the phenotype. Therefore, a well-controlled cellular model system is required to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying DS. Here we generated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from an individual with SCN1A mutation mosaicism, and separately cloned iPSC lines both with and without the SCN1A mutation. These clones theoretically have the same genetic backgrounds, except for the SCN1A gene, and should serve as an ideal pair for investigating the pathophysiology caused by SCN1A mutations. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and western blot analysis revealed higher tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA and protein expression levels in mutant neurons than in wild-type neurons. Moreover, dopamine concentrations in media collected from mutant neural cultures were higher than those from wild-type neural cultures. Our findings suggest that SCN1A mutation leads to changes in the dopamine system that may contribute to the behavioral abnormalities in DS.

Fluorescent Protein Fret as a Probe of Protein Conformation in Vivo and in Vitro

While methods for the determination of protein structure in vitro are highly advanced, the question always remains as to whether the observations are representative of the molecule in its native environment. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is widely used to probe protein structure both in vitro and in vivo. Because of their ease of use, in vivo FRET measurements frequently rely on the cyan and yellow fluorescent proteins (i.e. CFP donor and YFP acceptor). The severe spectral overlap and significant direct excitation of the acceptor complicate extraction of true FRET efficiency. Furthermore, the large size and poor photophysical properties of fluorescent proteins (FPs) make them a less than ideal FRET pair. To benchmark the reliability of FP-FRET as a probe of protein conformation in vivo, we characterized a series of CFP-YFP tandems with varying linker lengths. Ensemble and single molecule fluorescence were used to measure FRET in vitro. We then measured FRET in live cells with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Only by using a single filter cube with a ratiometric image splitter, were we able to get agreement between in vitro and in vivo measurements. However, measurements of the radius of hydration, using analytical ultracentrifugation and chromatography, revealed a much different size distribution than was suggested by the FRET dependence on the linker length between CFP and YFP. Our studies suggest that the conformation of our protein test set is the same in live cells and in solution. In vitro and in vivo measurements for each construct were in good agreement. Unfortunately, distances derived from FP-FRET appear to misrepresent the actual interchromophore distance.

SIRB, sans iron oxide rhodamine B, a novel cross-linked dextran nanoparticle, labels human neuroprogenitor and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and serves as a USPIO cell labeling control.

This is the first report of the synthesis of a new nanoparticle, sans iron oxide rhodamine B (SIRB), an example of a new class of nanoparticles. SIRB is designed to provide all of the cell labeling properties of the ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticle Molday ION Rhodamine B (MIRB) without containing the iron oxide core. MIRB was developed to label cells and allow them to be tracked by MRI or to be manipulated by magnetic gradients. SIRB possesses a similar size, charge and cross-linked dextran coating as MIRB. Of great interest is understanding the biological and physiological changes in cells after they are labeled with a USPIO. Whether these effects are due to the iron oxide buried within the nanoparticle or to the surface coating surrounding the iron oxide core has not been considered previously. MIRB and SIRB represent an ideal pairing of nanoparticles to identify nanoparticle anatomy responsible for post-labeling cytotoxicity. Here we report the effects of SIRB labeling on the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line and primary human neuroprogenitor cells (hNPCs). These effects are contrasted with the effects of labeling SH-SY5Y cells and hNPCs with MIRB. We find that SIRB labeling, like MIRB labeling, (i) occurs without the use of transfection reagents, (ii) is packaged within lysosomes distributed within cell cytoplasm, (iii) is retained within cells with no loss of label after cell storage, and (iv) does not alter cellular viability or proliferation, and (v) SIRB labeled hNPCs differentiate normally into neurons or astrocytes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

On the associated prime ideals of local cohomology modules defined by a pair of ideals

Let $I$ and $J$ be two ideals of a commutative Noetherian ring $R$ and $M$ be an $R$-module of dimension $d$. If $R$ is a complete local ring and $M$ is finite, then attached prime ideals of $H^{d-1}_{I,J}(M)$ are computed by means of the concept of co-localization. Also, we illustrate the attached prime ideals of $H^{t}_{I,J}(M)$ on a non-local ring $R$, for $t= \dim M$ and $t= cd(I,J,M)$.

Development of monoclonal antibodies and immunochromatographic lateral flow device for rapid test of alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme 1

BackgroundAlanine aminotransferase (ALT) has been used as a sensitive marker for liver injury in people and in preclinical toxicity studies. But measurement of ALT isoenzymes, ALT1 and ALT2, was reported to be of more diagnostic value. The aim of this study is to develop an ideal pair of anti-ALT1 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) of high specificity and affinity, and subsequently prepare a Immunochromatographic lateral flow device (LFD) for rapid test of ALT1 in human serums. MethodsThe complete coding sequence of ALT1 gene (1500 bp) was cloned from human hepatoma G2 cells (HepG2) and inserted into the expression vector pET-32a(+). ALT1 recombinant protein was routinely prepared by E. coli BL21 (DE3) expression and Ni2+ affinity purification. Balb/c mice were immunized with purified ALT1 and the splenocytes were fused with Sp2/0 myeloma cells. The positive clones, verified by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using purified ALT1, were subcloned to single clones by limiting dilution process. A MAb pair was selected from the obtained MAbs according the sandwich ELISA pairing results and then used for lateral flow device (LFD) production. After evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity, the LFD strips were employed to test human serum samples with known ALT activity levels. ResultsALT1 recombinant protein was expectedly prepared by expression and purification. A total of 8 stable clones that produced antibodies specifically recognizing ALT1 protein were developed. After sandwich ELISA pairing, an ideal pair of anti-ALT1 MAbs, designated as BD7 and DG3, were selected and proved to be of high specificity, titer and affinity. Based on the MAb pair, LFD strips specifically for ALT1 rapid test were subsequently prepared. The detection threshold of the LFD strips was 12 U/L. No cross reaction was found. ConclusionsThe ALT1 LFD with high sensitivity and specificity was successfully developed. It is valuable for testing ALT1 protein in human sera and can be a beneficial complement for traditional ALT test.

Dual wavelength 3.2-μm source for isotope ratio measurements of (13)CH(4)/(12)CH(4).

Difference frequency generation using one 1.58-μm and two 1.06-μm distributed feedback Bragg-grating laser diodes and a ridge-type PPLN alternately provide two 3.2-μm coaxial waves resonant with individual isotopic transitions separated by 13 cm(-1). The ν(3) band R(6) A(2) allowed transition of (13)CH(4) and the ν(3) band R(6) A(2) weakly allowed transition of (12)CH(4) are an ideal pair for isotope ratio measurements. The (13)CH(4)/(12)CH(4) isotope ratio is determined for three sample gases with a relative uncertainty of 0.7 ‰, and it is confirmed that the temperature dependence is smaller than the uncertainty.

Characterization and Gas Permeation Properties of Synthesized Polyurethane-Polydimethylsiloxane / Polyamide 12-b-Polytetramethylene Glycol Blend Membranes

Blend membranes of synthesized polyurethane (PU) based on toluene diisocyanate (TDI), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG) with polyamide 12-b- polytetramethylene glycol (PA12-b-PTMG) were prepared by a solution casting technique. The heterogeneous microstructures of the blend membranes (PU /PA12-b-PTMG) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Gas transport properties were determined for O2, N2, CH4, and CO2 gases and the obtained permeabilities were correlated with polymer properties and morphology of the membranes. Comparison of the results with that of the pure PU membrane indicates that the blend membranes had higher permeability to CO2, but lower permeability to O2, N2 and CH4 gases, and, therefore, had higher values of CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 ideal gas pair selectivities. The blend membrane with 20 % (wt) PA12-b-PTMG showed the highest CO2 permeability (≈105 Barrer) compared to the PU and other blend membranes. In the blend membranes with 5–20 % (wt) PA12-b-PTMG contents an enhancement of CO2/CH4 (≈10) and CO2/N 2 (≈52) selectivities was observed. The experimental permeabilities of the blend membranes were compared with the calculated permeabilities based on a modified additive logarithmic model.

Second Generation TQ-Ligation for Cell Organelle Imaging

Bioorthogonal ligations play a crucial role in labeling diverse types of biomolecules in living systems. Herein, we describe a novel class of ortho-quinolinone quinone methide (oQQM) precursors that show a faster kinetic rate in the "click cycloaddition" with thio-vinyl ether (TV) than the first generation TQ-ligation in both chemical and biological settings. We further demonstrate that the second generation TQ-ligation is also orthogonal to the widely used strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) both in vitro and in vivo, revealing that these two types of bioorthogonal ligations could be used as an ideal reaction pair for the simultaneous tracking of multiple elements within a single system. Remarkably, the second generation TQ-ligation and SPAAC are effective for selective and simultaneous imaging of two different cell organelles in live cells.