Idea Of Renewal Research Articles

Ostranenie: to give back the sensation of life

The present article studies Shklovsky’s idea of emotional and cognitive renewal of the habitual – ostranenie – alongside cognate concepts in psychology and cognitive studies. It redefines ostranenie not as a device (as commonly accepted in literary studies), but as a cognitive/psychological effect, and suggests the term “extratextual ostranenie” to refer to the feeling one has when the usual becomes seemingly strange – and at the same time more rather than less emotionally relevant. As for literary ostranenie, even when it is created though characters who feel alienated or depersonalized, the readers’ experience is exactly the opposite experience – emotional reconnection to the world.

Tenth-Century Monastic Reform as a Historiographical Problem

This article discusses the state of the art on monastic reforms in the long tenth-century Frankish kingdoms and the analytic problems inherent to reform terminology. It argues that the emendatory undertone, the idea of renewal and the institutional connotation of the term ‘reform’ seem to be at odds with the tenth-century sources on the variegated interventions in religious communities. Furthermore, the difficulties scholars encounter in pinpointing the chronology and ideology of this ‘reform movement’ indicates another flaw of this paradigm. The author therefore proposes three major adjustments to render the term ‘reform’ a meaning that is both well-defined and applicable. First, the concept of reform is only practical when used in an active sense, to denote a sweeping intervention which profoundly altered a monastery’s network, observance, temporalities or internal organization. Second, the paradigm can only be meaningful on the micro-level of an individual institution. Third, the study of ‘reforms’ should always be part of a comprehensive analysis of interactions and patronship between an abbey and its noble and ecclesiastical connections. Lastly, this article offers a new approach to tenth-century monasticism, which focuses more on agency of both the community and the regional powerbrokers involved in monastic patronage.

Perspektiven

Abstract This article is based on the correspondence between the first editors of the German cultural magazine Merkur (since 1947) and the Spanish philosopher José Ortega y Gasset, archived in the Deutsches Literaturarchiv Marbach. By taking a comparative approach to the journal Revista de Occidente (since 1923) and the Merkur, this article explores how the publications reacted to their reception of crisis in different European cultures and thereby promoted a particular idea of European and national intellectual renewal. This was a crucial dynamic of their respective post-war discourses. An important link was the romance philologist Ernst Robert Curtius, who published in the Spanish magazine and whose critical essayistic work set in motion a transfer of ideas from the South to the North.

Disaggregating Dismemberment: Nullity, Natality, and the Hollowing of Constitutional Renewal in Designed Written Constitutionalism

This paper aims to rethink the idea of constitutional renewal through a dissection of Richard Albert’s ground-breaking concept of constitutional dismemberment. It is contended that under the rubric of constitutional dismemberment are two exceptional constitutional phenomena: the ought-to-be declared nullity of unconstitutional constitutional amendments and the legal unity-defying, extraconstitutional expression of what Hannah Arendt called “natality” in political action. The thesis is that attempts to tame revolutionary constitutional alteration with designed rules as to formal constitutional change as Albert’s illustrates are missing the meaning of constitution-making because a natality-driven constitutional renewal characteristically defies designed constitutional form. The concept of constitutional dismemberment is first dissected in light of Arendt’s idea of natality. With constitutional dismemberment unpacked, it is further observed that the constitution-making transmutes into the formal pronouncement of a new codified constitution in Albert’s rigid tripartite classification of constitutional changes into amendment, dismemberment, and enactment. Albert therefore inadvertently reduces constitution-making to the formal enactment of a new codified constitution, only with constitutional natality dismembered and constitutional renewal hollowed out. It is concluded that Albert’s formalistic conceptual framework of constitutional change reflects the centrality of comparative written constitutions in the place of comparative constitutional phenomena in current comparative constitutional studies.

Carlos Montaño, la escultura como interpretación y uso del espacio.

The paper analyzes the sculpture of Carlos Montano, current alternative Sevillian painter and sculptor, who has developed for decades a personal style, attentive to certain international stimuli and to the renewed idea of modernity in the different periods that he had to live.

MENEMUKAN KEMBALI PEMBARUAN PERKOTAAN BERBASIS PENGEMBANGAN MASYARAKAT: STUDI PENANGANAN PEMUKIMAN KUMUH DI PERKOTAAN INDONESIA

The urban renewal concept is one of the city development policies approaches. It promotes profit optimization in urban areas. However, this is done by eroding existing slums and ending with injustice for the community. For this reason, city development policies need to direct urban renewal implementation based on community development. The question arises whether urban renewal needs to be applied for urban areas in Indonesia, whether urban renewal brings certain benefits in achieving a more humane society development and its limits. This article aims to provide a theoretical understanding of the considerations and implications for its application through illustrative case studies from several major cities in Indonesia. This study evaluates urban renewal ideas from a community development viewpoint, through descriptive, evaluative analysis and literature. Study results show that urban renewal is necessary for cities in Indonesia in terms of policies that make the city center become a more competitive business area and generate maximum urban profits through tax revenues. On the other hand, this is done to beautify the city's face, which will automatically improve community development in cities and suburbs. Local wisdom in the context of a city's development policy choice base is a limitation for its implementation optimality.

PEMIKIRAN HARUN NASUTION TENTANG PENDIDIKAN DI PERGURUAN TINGGI AGAMA ISLAM

The thought of Harun Nasution's educational reform began to be socialized and applied since he firstentered the elite ranks of IAIN Jakarta (in 1969, after he completed his studies at Me Gill University Canada). Atthat time Harun had the impression that the thought at IAIN before he joined it was very narrow, allergic to thingsthat smelled of renewal. An indication of this is that books containing renewed ideas, such as books written byMuhammad Abduh, for example, are prohibited from being taught at IAIN. Thought at IAIN, said Harun, is stilltraditional, which specializes in fiqh, not thinking. Whereas understanding of Islamic religion which is fiqhoriented, according to Harun, if all problems are returned to fiqh (Islamic law), then we will go back to 20 yearsago. In addition, if the IAIN is still allowed to be controlled by the narrow fiqh thinking, the government will seethat the IAIN gives birth to narrow and fundamentalist thinking in a negative sense, which is why sanat may bethe IAIN will be closed. Similar criticism was also raised by several rectors of Islamic higher educationinstitutions in this country. Azumardi Azra said that the decline in Islamic Studies was due to the weak ability ofthe principals in PTAI who did not have knowledge and perspectives in the basic Islamic sciences. In addition,Amin Abdullah also stated that in PTAI, the Philosophy of Philosophy is still weak and not much research andbooks have been formulated for this field. In this regard, the first step taken by Harun Nasution in order to renewhis Islam at IAIN is to renew the curriculum (in the narrow sense of the study material) of IAIN. In connectionwith this matter, Aaron proposed that the introduction of Islamic Studies be included in the IAIN curriculum. Thiscourse is intended to provide insights into Islam that are as broad and basic as possible. Besides that Harun alsoproposed the inclusion of courses in philosophy, kalam science, Sufism, monotheism, sociology, and researchmethodology. With the updated curriculum, Harun believes that it will help open broad insights about Islam, anurgent matter in a society that is undergoing a process of modernization.

Pemikiran Harun Nasution tentang Pendidikan dan Relevansinya dengan Pendidikan di Era Modern

Education has a important role in the advancement of human civillization, especially in terms of developing normative values so that education not only creates intelligent human beings but also creates humans who know their responsibilities as servants of God and soxial beings. Problems often occur big that result from the destruction of human morals that do not inspire Islamic values. Harun Nasution had the idea of Islamic renewal which is often referred to as “Gebrakan Harun Nasution” which calls for the rise of Muslims not only marked by overflowing religius emotions, but must be based on deep, comprehensive, philosophical thinking on the religion of Islamic Departingg from this, of course there relevance between Harun Nasution’s perspective about education and the national education system (kurikulum) in Indonesia in modern times.

New Trading Zones in Contemporary Universities

This article aims to distinguish and depict the features of communications and collaborations in contemporary universities through the concept of trading zones. The author also considers the role that the idea of a digital university might play in shaping interactions in transforming local context where different actors can find a common ground of exchange. The new contexts, including the pragmatic orientation of contemporary society and new technologies and environments, contribute to reconsidering the idea of the classical university, in which interactions between professors and students have outstepped customary collaborations in laboratories, as well as the idea of education and research integration. This article focuses on distinguishing new forms of interactions, boundary practices, and environments, which are suggested by today’s universities. Proceeding from them, the author argues that new concepts of the university, such as the digital university, and renovated campuses—to some extent—contribute to the adaptation of a renewed idea of Humboldt’s Bildung.

Opinber stefna, skólakerfið og hlutverk kennara: Viðbragðsbúnaður skólans

Undanfarna áratugi hefur alþjóðleg umræða í velferðarsamfélögum beinst að vægi skólans sem undirstöðu velsældar einstaklings og samfélags. Hér er kannað hvernig þessi umræða hefur þroskast við íslenskar aðstæður. Markmið greinarinnar afmarkast við að bregða upp mynd af áhrifum opinberrar skólastefnu á Íslandi á stöðu skólans, kennara og nemenda í nútímasamfélagi. Aðferðin sem hér er notuð er að setja fram sögulegt ágrip af þróun skólamála og yfirlit um niðurstöður nýlegra íslenskra rannsókna um aðstæður og margvíslegar þarfir nemenda og um viðbragðsbúnað skólans gagnvart þeim. Í því sambandi er vikið að vandasamri stöðu kennarans við að sinna kennslu og uppeldishlutverki jafnframt því að láta sig varða velferð hvers barns, einkum innan grunnskólans. Einnig er athygli beint að rökum sérfræðinga fyrir þverfaglegu starfi innan skólans og kerfasamstarfi milli skóla, heilbrigðisþjónustu og félagsþjónustu. Rökin varða einkum börn sem eru tilfinningalega berskjölduð vegna áfalla eða félagslegrar jaðarstöðu. Á grundvelli þeirrar vitneskju sem fengist hefur á þessu sviði er sú niðurstaða rökstudd að aukið fagafl innan skólans ásamt kerfasamstarfi kringum barn í vanda og fjölskyldu þess sé forsenda þess að draga úr álagi á kennara og koma í veg fyrir að kröftum þeirra sé dreift. Aukinheldur hafi slíkt samstarf á grunnskólastigi forvarnargildi fyrir framtíðarstöðu ungs fólks á vinnumarkaði, sem getur falið í sér þjóðhagslegan ávinning. Ræddar eru lausnaleiðir í átt að betri árangri, meðal annars með endurskoðun laga, stjórnskipulags og framkvæmdar stefnu sem mótuð hefur verið.

The practice of online re-information

The purpose of this article is to study the practice of online re-information. The case studied is the sphere of re-information on the French web, namely hundreds of sites and blogs in connection with the ideas of the French far right practicing re-information., where new information is proposed on political, religious, social or cultural news. While the use of the prefix re- in "re-inform" indicates the idea of renewal and a critical revision, it is used by re-information sites to mark rather a counter-information, a denial or a rejection of any other information. After having defined the practice of re-information, the hypotheses and the methodology, our study focuses on the discursive and communicational orientations in the re-information sphere before bringing elements of interpretation by relying on the question of the false information and on studieson the sociology of beliefs.

‘Allahı Zikr Edilim’ (Let Us Do Zikr for Allah): The Sabbatian Appropriation of the Sufi Practice of Zikr as Religious Renewal

Abstract This article introduces the idea of religious renewal as it was manifested in the ritual practices of the Sabbatian Maʾaminim of Salonica – followers of Shabbtai Tzvi who converted from Judaism to Islam during the 1680s, in the footsteps of their Messiah. The religious renewal of the Maʾaminim is demonstrated by the appropriation of the Sufi-Muslim practice, known as zikr, as part of their ritual singing. The appropriation of zikr practices by the Maʾaminim is understood in the context of the rise of this practice throughout all of Ottoman Muslim society, specifically as part of ilahi singing, demonstrating religious innovation in Ottoman culture at the beginning of the modern era.

The Emergence of the global and social city: Golden Mile and the politics of urban renewal

ABSTRACT This study discusses the conflicted ideas of urban renewal under the economically progressive but inexperienced leadership of a young Singapore government. As the site of this study, the Golden Mile shares its aspirational name with the first building built on it – the Golden Mile Complex. This district was planned to carry Singapore into the era of the global city. During the period of modernization in the 1960s, influential ideas were propagated through different United Nations experts. Singapore used these recommendations to legitimize an aggressive form of urban renewal, but it also encouraged greater participation by think tanks with greater intellectual and research sophistication. This marked Singapore’s most democratic period of public debate and participation in urban policy-making. The advancements made by the Singapore Planning and Urban Research group, and Lim’s built megastructure and unbuilt linear city came about under these liberal conditions. Consumerist functions and civic-minded forms were combined to produce unprecedented but ultimately incomplete socio-urban effects. This episode revealed that Singapore’s successful legacy of modernization was always exclusively narrated by the state, but there was an under-documented tussle was between the sociopolitical capital of Singapore’s public housing programme, and the economic acceleration of private and global consumerist functions.

Rethinking Cosmopolitanism: Political and Metapolitical Identities

The paper defends the notion that cosmopolitanism is an important starting point for addressing political identities, but one that needs to be rethought. The paper starts by exposing some political situations both in Europe and in North America where the debate on national identity is faced with the need for a renewed idea of cosmopolitanism, an idea that must be differentiated from similar notions such as cultural diversity or multiculturalism, but also from the idea of globalization. It shows in this sense that there is an important and often forgotten difference between cosmopolitanism and politics, an essential difference when thinking about the real situation in Europe. The paper explains how contemporary cosmopolitanism has its roots in the Stoic and Kantian ideals, ideals that are no longer serviceable and that need to be renewed to confront the new demands of the complexity of the world. The paper concludes defending a new cosmopolitanism (tending towards the line of Hans Jonas or Yves Charles Zarka) that should be respectful to politics (but without forgetting that cosmopolitanism should be prioritised over politics) and also with different national or supranational identities, since it in fact provides a meta-identity for man as a citizen of the world. Received: 02 July 2018 Accepted: 16 July 2018 Published online: 27 February 2019

Originalidade e autenticidade de têxteis em museus-casa

This article is a result of the Project for the Museographic Renewal of the Rui Barbosa House Museum, in Rio de Janeiro. This approach discusses the introduction of non-original textiles in the museum, since previous research has demonstrated that its environment is partially featureless. From the theoretical point of view, the idea of renewal is supported by the assumption that decorative textiles are necessary to build the narrative in the museum. From this perspective, some reflections are presented here about the originality versus non-originality of the textile typologies inside historical houses.

Relevansi Pemikiran Teologi Islam Muhammadiyah Dengan Pemikiran Pembaharuannya

The spirit of renewal voiced by modernists in the Middle East is so strong that it affects K.H. Ahmad Dahlan to establish the Muhammadiyah organization. Muhammadiyah was established to accommodate and transform ideas for renewal to the people of Indonesia. Muhammadiyah emerged among Indonesian people who experienced anxiety and social, religious, and moral concerns. In understanding the texts of the Koran and hadith and looking for community-oriented values, this organization uses proportional reasoning. However, the appreciation he gave to reason was not as high as the Mu'tazilah as a rationalist. Therefore, Harun Nasution called this organization adhering to the traditional theology style of Ash'ariah. Muhammadiyah's theological thinking is relevant to his renewed thinking. The relevance of his theological thinking with the thought of renewal is seen in two aspects, namely: first, style. Theological thinking and thinking of renewal in the field of law are both traditional in style. The style of his theological thinking is also relevant to his renewed thinking in the religious field which is characterized by revivalism, fundamentalism and purification. Second, the substance of thought. Muhammadiyah's theological thinking about the position of reason, the function of revelation, the concept of faith, free will and predestination, the sending of apostles, sunnatullah, and the anthropomorphism verses are relevant to the thought of renewal in the religious field about ijtihad, criticism of taklid, calls back to the Qur'an and hadith. Muhammadiyah's theological thinking about the position of reason and the sending of the apostle are relevant to the thinking of renewal in the field of education.

KRITIK SALIM AL-JAbI ATAS HERMENEUTIKA MUHAMMAD SYAHRUR

Criticism in interpretation studies shows a new phase of the interpretation of the Qur’an in contemporary academic studies of the Qur’an. Muhammad Syahrur is a fgure who became the object of criticism for some of his renewed ideas in contemporary studies of the Qur’an which are packaged in hermeneutics. Mahir al-Munanjad passed his book al-iskâ liyat Qirâ ah and Salim al-Jabi, al-Qirâ ‘at al-Mu’â shirat. This article focuses on Al-Jabi thinking with analysis on critical points. Al-Jabi made anBacademic criticism of Syahrur’s study, especially in the pattern of the approach used by Syahrur. Al-Jabi offers textual-contextual criticisms of the Shahrur approach patterned on language and thematic-historical analysis, which are often not in the context of the verses of the Qur’an.

Urban modernization and heritage in the historic centre of Santiago de Chile (1818–1939)

ABSTRACTArchitecture and urban heritage have been decisive in the modernization of the historical centre of Santiago de Chile. As early as the first half of the nineteenth century they added value to this area of the capital. Public authorities, with the support of regulations, identified valuable urban heritage, incorporating it into urban transformations. For various practical or historical reasons, buildings and public spaces were preserved and eventually reused, giving birth to a renewed idea of planning, which took advantage of this existing heritage. The incorporation of new typologies into the colonial urban fabric, together with the conservation of traditional buildings and public spaces, produced memorable places, both in the republican and modern city. They enriched the urban practices and the city landscapes, offering a valuable continuity with the colonial and republican past. The integration of old and new stimulated the emergence of an urbanism of quality. This article focuses on three specific moments of that peculiar modernization process: the consolidation of the original colonial grid (1818–1846), Vicuña Mackenna’s Transformation Plan (1872–1875) and Santiago's first official Urbanization Plan (1939).

SPIRITUALITY IN THE EDUCATIONAL TRADITION OF HUMANISTS OF THE EPOСHE OF THE EUROPEAN REVIVAL (END OF XIV – XVI CENTURY)

In connection with the integration of Ukraine into the European community, there is a need for a more substantive study of the European experience of education and upbringing, in particular the legacy of representatives of «Christian humanism». European humanism had a common Renaissance foundation, but the emphasis in different currents did not coincide.The religious and philosophical movement «devoteo moderna» (founder G. Grote) was propagated in Germany and the Netherlands. Its representatives supported the individualization of education, moral perfection of the individual through persistent mental and emotional work, «imitation of Christ», reading religious literature, caring for the sick and the unable. They had an initiative to establish fraternal schools, and later – the organization of book printing.The main propagandist of the ideas of spirituality in England became the group of «Oxford intellectuals (reformers)» (V. Grossin, J. Colet, V. Lilly, T. Linekr, etc.). The group developed the idea of renewal of society through enlightenment, propaganda of morality on the model of Gospel and practices of early Christianity.J. Kolet called for the restoration of the true meaning of the teachings of Christ by addressing the project of creating a new grammatical school with a humanistic program of education and upbringing.T. Moore and H. Vives continued the ideas of Pico della Mirandolly, partly Gallic priests-druids. T. Moore linked the spiritual development of a person with the socio-political transformations of society on the basis of «true» Christian ethics in the mould of the doctrine of Christ, a broad tolerance. The teaching of children in the state of utopians was practiced by priests as «"guardians of traditions».«Philosophy of Christ» by Erasmus of Rotterdam was formed under the influence of «new piety», the ideas of J. Kolet, Florentine Neoplatonism and early Christian patristic literature. He believed that ritualism should not interfere with the true meaning of Christ's doctrine, urged as soon as possible to begin the upbringing of a Christian, to maintain self-perfection through reflection and confession. «Mentor of Europe» offered the actual ethical principles and values for the present.In our time, when searches for new forms and methods of spiritual and moral education in the conditions of overcoming the spiritual crisis are conducting, it is useful to apply to the pedagogical ideas and experience of humanists of the epoch of the European Renaissance, verified by centuries of practice.

Studying Europe after the fall: four thoughts on post-EU studies

ABSTRACTWhat would European Union (EU) scholars study if the EU were to fall? This contribution does not predict the demise of the Union, but rather engages EU scholars in a thought-experiment. It considers what would happen to EU studies and the scholarly community if the EU were to disintegrate. Moreover, the possible contours of post-EU studies are outlined. That discussion is based around the four ideas of destruction, diagnosis, diversion and renewal. If the EU were to fall, the argument goes, the questions that drive EU scholars would endure and evolve rather than evaporate. The challenges that triggered the collapse of the EU would be likely to haunt former member states and other organizational structures for regional and international co-operation.