Exchange Of Ideas Research Articles

Cyberbullying Detection and Prevention On Social Media

Social media have become a very viable medium for communication, collaboration, exchange of information, knowledge, and ideas. However, due to anonymity preservation, the incidents of hate speech and cyberbullying have been diversified across the globe. Formulating solution strategies for automatic detection of cyber aggression and hate speech, varying from machine learning models with vast features to more complex deep neural network models and different social media platforms. To address this gap, we have performed extensive preprocessing for monitoring social media contents and in making cyberspace a secure and safer place for all segments of society. Index Terms—cyberbullying, cyber aggression, Social media

Loss of Peers and Individual Worker Performance: Evidence From H-1B Visa Denials

We study how restrictive immigration policies that result in the unexpected loss of coworkers affect the performance of skilled migrants employed in organizations. Specifically, we examine the impact of the loss of team members on their coworkers’ performance in response to the unexpectedly increased denials of extensions of H-1B work visas in the United States beginning in 2017. Losing a team member generally has a positive, albeit economically insignificant, effect on the performance of workers left behind. However, we find that individuals who lost peers of the same ethnic background experience a substantial decrease in their performance. To confirm that our results are not plagued by the presence of unobservable team or individual features that might impact visa denial decisions, we build an instrumental variable that exploits the fixed duration of the H-1B visa. Heterogeneity analyses suggest that our result is driven by workers in small teams, teams working on atypical tasks, and ethnically homogeneous teams. These analyses hint at the fact that ethnic ties may boost individual performance through preferential channels of knowledge and information spillovers. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2023.17319 .

1st International Conference MRTBS 2024 Modern research trends in biomedical sciences: a holistic approach to health care BOOK OF ABSTRACTS SUPPLEMENT 3

Human health is a complex web of interactions between physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects. nowadays, a holistic, multidisciplinary approach to medicine is not only important but essential for a comprehensive understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of individual and population health problems.Th e exchange of ideas between researchers from diff erent branches of science, from basic research to studies that aff ect people and whole populations, is crucial, especially today when there is so much going on in science. Researchers from diff erent fi elds often approach problems with unique perspectives and methods, inspiring each other and leading to innovative solutions and breakthroughs. Collaboration enables a more comprehensive understanding of complex issues related to human health and society by incorporating fi ndings from diff erent disciplines. In addition, collaboration enables the translation of fundamental discoveries into practical applications, such as new treatments or strategies. Ethical considerations are also of utmost importance, especially when research is conducted on humans or entire populations, and ethical research requires collaboration between researchers from the fi elds of health sciences, ethics, social sciences, and biomedicine. Research fi ndings have the greatest impact when they address real-world problems and challenges. Th erefore, it is important to encourage interdisciplinary collaboration to ensure research is relevant to the needs of society. In addition, collaboration promotes the validation and replication of research results, which improves the robustness, transferability, and generalizability of results in diff erent contexts.Th e MRTBS2024 conference brings together scientists from diff erent disciplines in health sciences and those from diff erent countries and cultures, which is important for creating a holistic approach to health sciences. By bringing together experts from different fi elds, such as medicine, public health, psychology, physiotherapy, nursing, dietetics, medicinal chemistry, biology, etc., this conference off ers a comprehensive understanding of health issues. Th e integration of these diff erent perspectives promotes a more holistic understanding of health, taking into account cultural beliefs, practices, and social determinants that infl uence health outcomes, and provides an opportunity for researchers from diff erent disciplines to collaborate on research projects and initiatives, promoting the integration of diff erent methods, theories, and approaches. By bringing together researchers from diverse cultural backgrounds, we also wanted to promote cultural sensitivity and its relevance in health research.We hope that this extraordinary event will not only be a breakthrough for Opole University and the city of Opole but will also leave a lasting impression on the Polish and international stage in the fi eld of medicine and health sciences.The project is conducted as a part of the Excellent Science II Program announced by the Minister of Education and Science 2023

Strategi Alih Tutur pada Gelar Wicara Mata Najwa Episode “Beres-Beres Kursi Menteri Kesehatan”: Kajian Analisis Percakapan

This research investigates the dynamics of turn-taking within a talk show context, specifically focusing on the "Beres-Beres Kursi Menkes" episode of Indonesia's Mata Najwa. Utilizing a qualitative content analysis methodology involving recording and note-taking, the study examines turn-taking behaviors based on Stenström's (1994) theoretical framework. The analysis reveals three primary strategies: Taking the Floor, Holding the Floor, and Yielding the Floor. The conversation unfolds through bidirectional interactions, characterized by initial greetings, instances of overlapping speech, intermittent interruptions, and a concluding prompt. The study underscores the significance of mastering the Taking the Floor strategy, which involves seizing speaking opportunities, initiating or responding to turns, and rectifying errors. Proficiency in this aspect facilitates meaningful dialogues and ensures a coherent exchange of ideas within the context of talk shows.

Enhancing English Language Teaching: Strategies, Challenges, and Opportunities

Central to the article's inquiry are the innovative teaching methodologies and effective classroom strategies employed in ELT classrooms worldwide. Through a critical examination of theoretical frameworks and practical applications, the article illuminates the diverse pedagogical approaches and instructional techniques used to enhance language acquisition and proficiency among learners. From communicative language teaching to task-based learning and content-based instruction, the article explores the richness and diversity of approaches that educators employ to engage and empower language learners. The article delves into the transformative impact of technological advancements on language education. By examining the integration of digital tools, multimedia resources, and online platforms in ELT pedagogy, the article highlights the potential of technology to enhance language learning outcomes, facilitate authentic communication, and foster learner autonomy. However, it also acknowledges the challenges and complexities associated with technology integration, such as access barriers, digital divides, and the need for digital literacy skills among educators and learners. The article explores opportunities for professional development, collaboration, and research within the ELT community. By fostering a culture of continuous learning, collaboration, and inquiry, educators can enhance their teaching effectiveness, expand their pedagogical repertoire, and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field of language education. Through networks, conferences, and research initiatives, educators have the opportunity to engage in dialogue, exchange ideas, and explore innovative practices that promote excellence in ELT.

Differentialgeometrie im Grossen

Over the past several decades, classical differential geometry has undergone a remarkable expansion, helped by the integration of tools and insights from neighboring fields like partial differential equations, complex analysis, and geometric topology. In keeping with the spirit of previous gatherings, this meeting aimed to bridge the gaps between researchers working in seemingly disparate subfields of differential geometry, illuminating the connections that unite them. Amongst other things, this meeting was centered around the theme of scalar curvature, which has recently emerged as a fundamental element across various fields, including differential geometry, metric geometry, topology, and complex geometry. This shared topic presented an ideal opportunity for scholars from these distinct areas to convene, discuss their individual progress, and foster a vibrant exchange of ideas.

Knowledge Spillover: Between Serendipity and Strategic Planning - Lessons for Practice-oriented Interventions into Regional Innovation Systems

Previous CSCW research has paid increasing attention to regional innovation systems providing the context for CSCW research and design. In this paper we provide insights into attempts to intervene in such a regional innovation system via practice-oriented activities. Our findings describe experiences of co-creating knowledge around digitization of SMEs on a regional level, beyond individual company contexts. We reflect on the benefits and challenges such an approach affords and highlight the importance of interpersonal relationships and similarities between practices in different contexts to enable intended but also initially unexpected knowledge spillovers. Our findings highlight how a praxeological approach to CSCW can be influential in regional development programs, and open this field to CSCW research and design. We draw out lessons for similar interventions and outline fruitful avenues for future research.

AŞAĞI KURS TƏLƏBƏLƏRİNİN PRODUKTİV DİL VƏRDİŞLƏRİNİN TƏKMİLLƏŞDİRİLMƏSİ YOLLARI

Ways of Improving Productive Language Skills of Undergraduate Students Summary The presented article states that it is possible to help students engage in effective com-munica¬tion by using methods that improve undergraduate students’ productive language skills. Developing productive language skills in the process of English language teaching is very important in creating interactivity in English classes and activating students. The presented article examines possible ways of improving undergraduate students’ productive language skills, i.e. oral and written communication skills. The article states that teaching productive language skills, i.e. developing communication skills, understanding and sharing information is considered one of the priority issues in foreign language teaching. The process of developing undergraduate students’ productive language skills in English should be directed from simple to complex, from known to unknown in a purposeful and systematic way. Key words: language skills, modern methods, exchange of ideas, oral communication, writing skills

Exploring the nexus of globalization and natural resource scarcity in driving green technology innovation: Insights from advanced panel data techniques

AbstractGreen technology innovation (GTI) plays a pivotal role in improving environmental sustainability. Our study fills a significant research gap by investigating how globalization and natural resource depletion (NRD) impact eco‐innovation. Rooted in knowledge spillover and ecological modernization theories, we utilize advanced panel data techniques, an aspect underexplored in empirical studies. Our panel data span G20 countries from 1986 to 2019, further dissected into sub‐panels—BRICS (emerging economies) and G7 (advanced economies). Initial tests reveal cross‐sectional dependencies and slope heterogeneities across all panels, corroborated by Westerlund cointegration test indicating a long‐term equilibrium. Driscoll–Kraay estimator highlights that economic and social globalization significantly drive eco‐innovation, while political globalization deteriorates GTI. The effect of NRD is also negative for G20 and BRICS countries, while G7 economies exhibit lower vulnerability to NRD shocks. Long‐run estimates from CS‐ARDL underscore the positive role of economic globalization in both the short and long run, while the negative role of NRD remains persistent in the long run. Panel quantile regression results prove that the effect of globalization is asymmetric across GTI distribution and varying across underlying groups. NRD, while hindering progress at higher quantiles, supports eco‐innovation at lower quantiles of advanced economies. Panel threshold estimations confirm the positive influence of both globalization and NRD, particularly for highly eco‐innovative nations. These findings bear significant policy implications, charting a path toward sustainable economic growth through the widespread adoption of green technology.

The Chinese School of IR Theory: Ignored Process, Controversial Progress, and Uncertain Prospects

Abstract This article reviews issues relevant to the Chinese School of International Relations (IR) theory. After 20 or more years of relentless effort, the Chinese School has achieved concrete breakthroughs, evident in the emergence of Relational Theory, Moral Realism, and Symbiosis Theory. The Chinese School has thus entered a new stage, its primary task having been upgraded from theory innovation to theory development. But to proceed further, the Chinese School needs critical responses from its Western counterparts. Owing primarily to the language barrier, as well as to the non-confrontational academic tradition within Chinese IR, and the ethnocentrism that both sides practice, the few dialogues that have taken place between the Chinese School and Western theories have tended to be problematic, with important issues either ignored or misrepresented. In order to further study a comprehensive and intensive exchange of ideas between the Chinese School and Western theories, this article categorises issues relevant to the Chinese School into three areas. They are: process of evolution; progress in theoretical studies; and the Chinese School’s future relationship with other theoretical entities (in particular, Global IR). Predominantly reliant upon the discourse analysis of Chinese School publications, this contribution seeks to provide a foundation for further exchanges between Western theories and the Chinese School.

Sustainability performance in science and technology parks: how can firms benefit most?

PurposeAchieving good sustainability performance requires balancing higher economic profits with better environmental and social performance. Knowledge plays a key role in improving corporate sustainability performance, but this knowledge is becoming increasingly complex, specific and dispersed among many scientific, technological and business actors. Science and technology parks (STPs) are infrastructures designed to host varying types of organizations that can bring together new, disruptive knowledge. Our purpose is to unveil how these spaces can be drivers of sustainability performance for companies.Design/methodology/approachWe test our hypotheses on a longitudinal database of Spanish companies over the period 2009–2016 using structural equation models (SEMs).FindingsThis research confirms that a firm’s location in an STP helps improve its sustainability performance, provided that conditions are optimal in the STP. These optimal conditions are based on an abundance of knowledge spillovers available to the firm and the firm’s ability to harness them, especially those of a more disruptive nature, through absorptive capacity.Originality/valueResults of this study yield implications for academia in the form of future lines of research and practical implications for policymakers and managers of both STPs and the organizations that host them.

Specifics of the Chinese National Brand as a Tool of Cultural Diplomacy: structure and functions

The article analyzes the specifics of the Chinese national brand as a tool of cultural diplomacy. The concept of “soft power” is considered, which is part of the narrative about the cumulative power of states and the revival of the Chinese nation and occupies one of the significant places in modern Chinese politics. One of the tools of “soft power” is cultural diplomacy – a branch of public diplomacy based on the exchange of ideas, information, systems, values, beliefs, traditions and other aspects of culture to promote mutual understanding between people. The activities that are used to implement cultural diplomacy are given. The main goal of China’s “soft power” concept is to achieve the correct perception of national ideals by the world community. It is noted that Chinese “soft power” differs from the classical Western concept and is purely culture-centric, interpreted as a combination of Confucian political and social values, Chinese art and language, folk customs and traditions. China is working to globally scale its nation brand, which is based on the concept of nationalism, drawing on the country’s cultural capital. The specifics of the national brand from the perspective of macroeconomics and its structural elements are considered: exports, domestic and foreign government policies, population, culture and heritage, tourism and investment. It is noted that when developing a brand and international communications, the Chinese government actively uses the historical context as a tool of cultural propaganda. The features of the national image are identified, designed to form a positive attitude of society towards the country, contributing to increased trust in it. The objectives and instruments of China’s policy to form and maintain its own image in the international arena are given.

Global corporate income tax competition, knowledge spillover, and growth

Using a two-country model of endogenous growth with international knowledge spillovers, this study analyzes the welfare consequences of global corporate income tax competition. Although the Nash equilibrium tax rate can be excessively high or low according to the degree of spillover, this does not lead to significant welfare losses. The key to this outcome is that corporate income tax competition for growth maximization, which we consider hypothetically, attains the maximum growth rate despite complex externalities and strategic interactions.

Business scholars’ time allocation under the lens of the self-managed approach of academic’s role and the outcome-focused perspective of university’s strategic management

PurposeThis article explores whether six broad categories of activities undertaken by Canadian business scholars’ academics: publications record, citations record, teaching load, administrative load, consulting activities, and knowledge spillovers transfer, are complementary, substitute, or independent, as well as the conditions under which complementarities, substitution and independence among these activities are likely to occur.Design/methodology/approachA multivariate probit model is estimated to take into account that business scholars have to consider simultaneously whether or not to undertake many different academic activities. Metrics from Google Scholar of scholars from 35 Canadian business schools, augmented by a survey data on factors explaining the productivity and impact performances of these faculty members, are used to explain the heterogeneities between the determinants of these activities.FindingsOverall, the results reveal that there are complementarities between publications and citations, publications and knowledge spillovers transfer, citations and consulting, and between consulting and knowledge spillovers transfer. The results also suggest that there are substitution effects between publications and teaching, publications and administrative load, citations and teaching load, and teaching load and administrative load. Moreover, results show that public and private funding, business schools’ reputation, scholar’s relational resources, and business school size are among the most influential variables on the scholar’s portfolio of activities.Originality/valueThis study considers simultaneously the scholar’s whole portfolio of activities. Moreover, the determinants considered in this study to explain scholars’ engagement in different activities reconcile two conflicting perspectives: (1) the traditional self-managed approach of academics, and (2) the outcomes-focused approach of university management.

AI technologies affording the orchestration of ecosystem-based business models: the moderating role of AI knowledge spillover

Due to the extraordinary capacity of artificial intelligence (AI) to process rich information from various sources, an increasing number of enterprises are using AI for the development of ecosystem-based business models (EBMs) that require better orchestration of multiple stakeholders for a dynamic, sustainable balance among people, plant, and profit. However, given the nascency of relevant issues, there exists scarce empirical evidence. To fill this gap, this research follows the affordance perspective, considering AI technology as an object and the EBM as a use context, thereby exploring how and whether AI technologies afford the orchestration of EBMs. Based on data from Chinese A-share listed companies between the period from 2014 to 2021, our findings show an inverted U-shape quadratic relationship between AI and EBM, moderated by knowledge spillover. Our results enhance the understanding of the role of AI in configuring EBMs, thus providing novel insights into the mechanisms between AI and a specific business practice with societal concerns (i.e., EBM).

A Sentiment Analysis of Autism Tweets

In the dynamic landscape of social media, where intellectual discourse, information retrieval, and the exchange of ideas thrive, scholarly attention is increasingly drawn to the growing trend of users expressing viewpoints and ideas, notably manifested in a surge of daily tweets related to autism. This research explores the escalating phenomenon of users utilizing emojis, hashtags, reviews, and personal experiences on social media platforms to articulate their encounters with social challenges. The focal point of this research study is the development of the Autism Tweets Visualization Dashboard, a pivotal tool that categorizes and visually represents word usage across social media platforms. Beyond the identification of attitudes in user comments, this innovative dashboard serves as a real-time lens into contemporary social issues. The research aims to enhance public awareness of rights and security, offering valuable insights into a diverse array of perspectives and emotions. Utilizing sentiments analysis, the community gains the ability to swiftly showcase nationwide tweets, pinpointing content relevant to autism, and assessing public sentiment on specific subjects. This research contributes not only to understanding the dynamics of social media expression but also to empowering communities to engage in informed discussions, fostering a deeper understanding of the nuanced landscape of autism-related discourse in the digital realm.

Transfer of Ideas and Exile Sociability in Paris, 1830–1848: A Localized Intellectual History

In the 1830s and the 1840s, Paris was a gathering place for numerous political exiles from different nationalities, including Germans, Italians and Poles. The French capital offered them the opportunity to publish, debate and transnationally exchange ideas with one another in ways that were impossible in their home countries. This article develops a research perspective on these exiles that connects intellectual history with urban history and migration history. It proposes a localized intellectual history that studies how political thought emerges in interactions enabled by specific geographical contexts, in this case the Parisian urban landscape and metropolitan culture. The article first argues why the proposed connection between intellectual, urban and migration history needs to be made. Subsequently, three case studies are used to explore the methodological opportunities of this localized intellectual history: the salon of Marie d’Agoult, the Collège de France and the editorial offices of the German exile newspaper Vorwärts. While the three places largely differ in the kinds of sociability that they offered, the intended public and, by extension, the ways in which they stimulated the formation and exchange of ideas, they appear to be connected by the people who frequented them. It will be argued that focussing on these places enables us to study the process of intellectual transfer and how it is informed by the characteristics of very local geographies, which serve as junctions in the transnational contexts in which modern political ideas, such as nationalism itself, are produced.

Fueling a net-zero future: The influence of government-funded research on climate change mitigation inventions

This study examines the pace and content of Climate Change Mitigation Technology (CCMT) inventions, focusing on the influence of government-funded research on patent characteristics. Utilizing data from the USPTO, we analyze the trends in CCMT patenting from 1988 to 2017 and reveal a significant increase in CCMT inventions. However, patents in hydrogen technology and Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) are comparatively low, suggesting these fields are still in the early development stages. CCMT inventions rely heavily on government-funded research, particularly in CCS and hydrogen technology. CCMT inventions relying on government research are more complex and generate larger and more pervasive knowledge spillovers than their counterparts. However, they are less likely to be novel and tend to consolidate rather than destabilize existing technologies. Interestingly, the effect of government research reducing the likelihood of novelty is only observed in CCMT inventions and does not extend to utility patents. These findings highlight the role of government-funded research in facilitating high-quality CCMT inventions through knowledge spillovers. Our study underscores the importance of sustained and targeted public investment in CCMT R&D.

Quantifying climate risks to infrastructure systems: A comparative review of developments across infrastructure sectors

Infrastructure systems are particularly vulnerable to climate hazards, such as flooding, wildfires, cyclones and temperature fluctuations. Responding to these threats in a proportionate and targeted way requires quantitative analysis of climate risks, which underpins infrastructure resilience and adaptation strategies. The aim of this paper is to review the recent developments in quantitative climate risk analysis for key infrastructure sectors, including water and wastewater, telecommunications, health and education, transport (seaports, airports, road, rail and inland waterways), and energy (generation, transmission and distribution). We identify several overarching research gaps, which include the (i) limited consideration of multi-hazard and multi-infrastructure interactions within a single modelling framework, (ii) scarcity of studies focusing on certain combinations of climate hazards and infrastructure types, (iii) difficulties in scaling-up climate risk analysis across geographies, (iv) increasing challenge of validating models, (v) untapped potential of further knowledge spillovers across sectors, (vi) need to embed equity considerations into modelling frameworks, and (vii) quantifying a wider set of impact metrics. We argue that a cross-sectoral systems approach enables knowledge sharing and a better integration of infrastructure interdependencies between multiple sectors.

Privacy and the City: How Data Shapes City Identities

Abstract This article bridges comparative constitutional law with research inspired by city leadership and the opportunities that technology brings to the urban environment. It looks first to some of the causes of rapid urbanization and finds them in the pitfalls of antidiscrimination law in federations and quasi-federations such as the United States and the European Union. Short of achieving antidiscrimination based on nationality, the EU has experimented with data privacy as an identity clause that could bring social cohesion the same way purportedly freedom of speech has done in the US. In the City however, diversity replaces antidiscrimination, making cities attractive to migrants across various walks of life. The consequence for federalism is the obvious decline of top-down or vertical, state-based federalism and the rise of legal urbanism whereby cities establish loose networks of cooperation between themselves. These types of arrangements are not yet a threat to the State or the EU but might become such if cities are increasingly isolated from the political process (e.g., at the EU level) and lack legal means to assert themselves in court. City diversity and openness to different cultures in turn invites a connection to new technologies since unlike antidiscrimination that is usually strictly examined on a case-by-case level, diversity can be more readily computed. Finally, the article focuses on NYC and London initiatives to suggest a futuristic vision of city networks that instead of using social credit score like in China, deploy data trusts to populate their urban environments, shape city identities and exchange ideas for urban development..