ICT Environment Research Articles

Consortia and Libraries in ICT Environment

Consortia and Libraries in ICT Environment

Possibility of Applying the Means of Ensuring International Security to the Information Space

In order to resolve the issue of acceptability of the states’ appeal to existing mechanisms for ensuring safe and systematic development of international relations in the ICT environment, the author determines the main approaches appearing in joint communiqués and agreements issued following the results of conferences and high-level meetings of representatives of the Russian Federation and its partners and the allied bloc of the USA, the countries of the European Union and other states. By interpreting such terms as “information weapons”, “cyber weapons”, “cyber espionage”, the difficulties associated with the process of creating a secure ICT environment are identified. The result of the study is the identification of security tools that are relevant and optimal from the point of view of the current state of international security law in relation to the ICT environment and that can be recommended to be used by states in order to form a secure mode of interaction in the framework of the exercise by states of their functions in the foreign policy arena amid the global information space.

Technology at Its Best: Experiences of Master of Education Course Participants in Med Course: Evidencing Students' Learning Experiences

Transformative teaching and learning occur when Information Communication and Technology is put on a pedestal. As a powerful tool in education, ICT can build collaborative networks that surmount the equity and accessibility gaps that have long existed. Furthermore, the use of ICT in classrooms and other educational contexts carries with it enormous benefits. Numerous research studies, for instance, have linked the use of ICT in teaching and learning to not only increased student motivation and engagement, but also improved student outcomes (Bonk, 2009; Boster et al., 2007; Hibbing & Rankin-Erickson, 2003; Morgan, 2015; Robin, 2008) . In addition, ICT is a 21 st century phenomenon that has become a universal tool for education. Without this tool, the ever-growing and changing educational needs and aspirations may not be realized. However, despite these notable benefits of embedding ICT in pedagogy, teachers and education practitioners are still grappling with how to use and apply ICT in teaching and learning (McKenna & Proctor, 1998; Robin, 2008) . Additionally, the gap between teachers who are ICT enthusiasts and those who are ICT conservatives seems to be widening each passing day. It is worth noting that ICT environment is highly dynamic, hence failure to keep up with the changes may have a negative impact on teacher efficacy, which in turn impedes educational achievements. Many institutions of higher learning are not fully utilizing technology in ways that can boost everyday learning, which underlines the need to scale up the acquisition of effective pedagogies and technologies. One fact that remains is that technology is here to stay (Gibson, 2001) . Therefore, adopting, adapting and appropriating ICT for pedagogy is the gateway to transformed students’ learning. This paper presents the experiences of master of education course participants in their engagement with different technological innovations and tools as they undertake the program. It underscores the importance and how the experiences impacted on the uptake of the course content, their perceptions among others. It further presents a study to evidence views/experiences of the students on the use ‘Moodle’ Virtual Learning Environment and finally makes suggestions for the improvement where gaps in the use of the technology were identified.

Challenges of using ICT in the library of an Indian Deemed University

The electronic resources are such products which a library provides in a digital platform. WWW (World Wide Web) is very familiar to the society to search and retrieve useful data, information and knowledge in ICT environment. It is used to find authentic information from all primary resources including statistical information and all parts of educational platforms available on national and international level. ICT influences general policies, comments, feedbacks and opinions on available information in LIS field. Information can be collected from one or more sources and also distributed to one or more audiences. This sometimes involves those who have a stake in, or a right to that information. Information Science generates various terms such as: Information seeking, Information retrieval and Information behavior. It is decided to meet all the library professionals working in the University to elicit required information for the purpose. A structured questionnaire with both close and open ended options was administered to collect information from nine (9) independent libraries under this University and the respondents relevant for the study in the light of their observations and experiences. Maximizing the retrieval of relevant records and minimizing the retrieval of irrelevant ones is often described as maximizing both Recall and Precision. The institutional library should organize orientation workshops and seminars for their users to up skill them in utilizing library resources to the optimum and services will be enhanced.

ICT-Based Traslation Strategies of Prospective Scientific and Technical Translators

Introduction. Responding to the translation service market requirements scientific and technical translators should be able to choose and properly use ICT-based translation strategies performing a translation workflow in the ICT environment. The purpose of this paper is to specify and systematize ICT-based translation strategies used by practicing translators in the real-life professional setting, which prospective scientific and technical translators should acquire in the process of training. The author applies theoretical (analysis of standards, academic papers and practicing translators’ publications, synthesis of the obtained findings) and empirical (interviewing practicing translators) methods. Discussion. The process of teaching scientific and technical translation correlates with the stages of practicing translators’ professional activity comprising a set of steps aimed at solving particular translation tasks: preparatory, analytical, synthesizing, correction and assessment ones. Practicing translators turn to ICT at most steps of the translation process applying both general-purpose and translation ICT tools. They need to use a global ICT-based translation strategy – an algorithm of translator’s actions aimed at creating the target text, which is determined by ICT tools and the degree of their involvement. The paper highlights the three groups of ICT-based translation strategies (MT-based, TM-based and mixed ones) among which the translator chooses the optimal one at the analytical stage for its application at further steps. This choice is determined by the objective and subjective factors described in the article. Conclusions. In the process of prospective scientific and technical translators’ training special attention should be paid to raising their awareness of possible ICT-based translation strategies and developing appropriate skills.

Platform Business in Korea: Advent and Growth of Kakao

With the rapid development of ICT technology, a platform business is exerting a dominant influence in various fields. This type of a business has a great ripple effect in that it creates value by engaging and connecting various market actors such as producers, suppliers, and business partners to the platform ecosystem, rather than directly selling independent products or services. In this vein, the current study introduces the emergence and growth process of Kakao, which has a monopolistic dominance in the Korean mobile messenger market, as an example of a platform business. This company started to be distributed to Korean consumers in 2010 and is currently exercising its market influence in various fields such as commerce, entertainment, finance, and transportation, and more growth is expected in the future. Based on the case investigation, the background of Kakao’s success can be interpreted with a combination of various reasons, such as Korea’s developed ICT environment, a large game users’ population, quick service launch, the strategy to utilize the founder’s previous work experience, and service development geared towards Korean consumers.

Concerns Fronting Engineering Education in Sudan: A Review

For decades Sudan, like most of Sub-Saharan African countries, has been facing profound engineering education issues, namely: poor funding, outdated curricula, ineffective teaching and learning methods, inadequate human capacity, poor research/publishing condition, inappropriate facilities, inadequate educational technology and ICT environment, weak university/industry relationship, lack of academic freedom, and missing of quality control and accreditation measures. The paper discussed these issues, and proposed solutions such as redesign of flexible curriculum, adopting learner-centered approach, and developing hiring structure that focuses on recruiting and retaining qualified educators, with the goal of graduating a high rate of qualified engineers, ready for the 21st century.

Conceptual Framework—Artificial Intelligence and Better Entrepreneurial Decision-Making: The Influence of Customer Preference, Industry Benchmark, and Employee Involvement in an Emerging Market

Purpose: Technology initiatives are now incorporated into a wide range of business domains. The objective of this paper is to explore the possible effects that Artificial intelligence systems have on entrepreneurs’ decision-making, through the mediation of customer preference and industry benchmark. Design/methodology/approach: This is a non-empirical review of the literature and the development of a conceptual model. Searches were conducted in key academic databases, such as Emerald Online Journals, Taylor and Francis Online Journals, JSTOR Online Journals, Elsevier Online Journals, IEEE Xplore, and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) for papers which focused on Artificial intelligence (AI), Entrepreneurial decision-making, Customer preference, Industry benchmarks, and Employee involvement. In total, 25 articles met the predefined criteria and were used. Findings: The study proposes that Artificial intelligence systems can facilitate better decision-making from the entrepreneurial perspective. In addition, the study demonstrates that employees, as stakeholders, can moderate the relationship between Artificial intelligence systems and better decision-making for entrepreneurs with their involvement. Moreover, the study demonstrates that customer preference and industry benchmark can mediate the relationship between Artificial intelligence systems and better entrepreneur decision-making. Research limitations/implications: The study assumes a perfect ICT environment for the smooth operation of Artificial intelligence systems. However, this might not always be the case. The study does not consider the personal disposition of entrepreneurs in terms of ICT usage and adoption. Practical implications: This study proposes that entrepreneurial decision-making is enriched in an environment of Artificial intelligence systems, which is complemented by customer preference, industry benchmark, and employee involvement. This finding provides entrepreneurs with a possible technological tool for better decision-making, highlighting the endless options offered by Artificial intelligence systems. Social Implications: The introduction of AI in the business decision-making process comes with many social issues in relation to the impact machines have on humans and society. This paper suggests how this new technology should be used without destroying society. Originality/value: This conceptual framework serves as a valuable organizational spectrum for entrepreneurial development. In addition, this study makes a valuable contribution to entrepreneurial development through Artificial intelligence systems.

Impact of Remote Working on Human Resource Management: The Role of IT in the COVID-19 ERA

Working from home approaches are adopted by organizations to different extents during the COVID-19 Pandemic across the world. Basically, it is related to the organizational performance viewpoint- where the impact of COVID-19 on human resource management is obvious inside and outside the ICT environment. Therefore, in this paper, some aspects of human resource management are investigated to see the impact of working from home on HRM especially in a pandemic situation. The absence and non-adoption of ICT in different organizations explain why some organizations are away from performing their regular human resource management activities during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. We interviewed 487 workers performing HRM functions either working at home or involved in office space working while approached 642 workers. The paper contributes to HRM functions by providing an understanding of the substitution of remote working during crisis situations. The shifting of remote working results in positive and negative effects on organizational and individual aspects of HRM. We, therefore, conclude that remote working helps HR planning, recruitment and selection, meeting, and work schedule. Further, remote working strategies help work flexibility, improve health and safety, reduce commuting time, improve work autonomy and work/life balance within stay-at-home order to handle post-covid-19 pandemic.

민사전자소송의 성과와 전망

Ten years have passed since the commencement of the electronic lawsuit on the merits of civil affairs on May 2, 2011. Over the past decade, electronic litigation has dramatically changed the pattern of Korean civil litigation. Electronic litigation has strengthened the people s access to judicial services, changed trial procedures quickly and efficiently, and enhanced transparency by promoting e-filing of records, e-case management, and e-courtroom. When the next-generation electronic litigation system is established in 2024, it is predicted that a very innovative and user-friendly system will emerge. Unfortunately, however, it is difficult to find that aspect in terms of the rules of electronic litigation. In order to achieve the goal in a short period of time, the special law urgently created with only 16 articles remains the same, and accordingly, the Civil Procedure Act designed for traditional paper litigation is losing its normative power over the reality of litigation. The time has come to revise the Civil Procedure Act in a direction consistent with electronic litigation, just as new alcohol should be put in a new unit. Before it is too late, the Civil Procedure Act should be revised to default on electronic litigation and the norms should be redesigned to suit the new ICT environment. It is necessary to lay the foundation for actively utilizing virtual trials, which suddenly became a reality due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, and to expedite trials and promote the economy by resolving small cases online in line with the non-face-to-face contact era. In addition, it is time to calmly refine the principles of the use of artificial intelligence based on social consensus to prepare for the storm of artificial intelligence in the future.

ICT in the Application of Language Learning to TESOL in China

Science and technology has become more and more important in education, especially in language teaching and learning. Also, more and more teachers realize it is the popular issue nowadays. In China, the application of ICT in the language class to TESOL has already been a hot topic. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction; the second part explains the definition and types of ICT and its advantages in the field of education; the third part describes the basic concepts of TESOL; the fourth part focuses on ICT in the application of language learning to TESOL in China through analyzing the existing problems and underlying causes and providing some suggestion to improve the current situation; the last part is the conclusion. All in all, this paper attempts to contribute to the growing understanding of the present application of ICT in language teaching and learning in China, which will be extremely beneficial for the improvement of the current ICT environment in TESOL, and hopefully offer some references for the future researches in this area.

The Light and Shadow Brought to Teacher Education by Digitizing the Educational Environment: The Case of Japan

In this paper, the trends and issues of teacher education research and practices in Japan are clarified from the viewpoint of the digitization of the educational environment. This will be achieved through a review of the literature and policy documents on recent educational practices and teacher education. Firstly, Japanese teacher education and the ICT environment in schools are summarized. In addition, the Japanese concept of “teachers who continue to learn” and its multidimensional character is explained. Secondly, a model of the above idea that consists of five dimensions is introduced: (1) social navigators, (2) technical experts, (3) inquiry practitioners, (4) critical practitioners, and (5) members of professional learning communities. Thirdly, through the review, it is pointed out that all of them are affected by the digitization of the educational environment, which has been accelerated as a countermeasure to COVID-19. In conclusion, it is stated that the digitization of the educational environment and its accelerated progress casts both light and shadow on the role of Japanese teachers as reflective practitioners. Additionally, it is referenced that there are many differences among schools and regions on the ratio of light and shadow in Japan, even though it is geographically small.

GIGA スクール構想と教育の情報化，学校図書館 （特集・第62回研究大会グループ研究発表）

GIGA スクール構想と教育の情報化，学校図書館 （特集・第62回研究大会グループ研究発表）

ICT Professional Development Workshops and Classroom Implementation Challenges: Perceptions of Secondary School Teachers in Trinidad and Tobago

The Ministry of Education (MoE) of The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago has recently embarked on another teacher training program to equip secondary school teachers with the necessary competencies for ICT infusion in their physical classrooms. This study aims to investigate the impact and usefulness of that program, and challenges that the teachers have been facing in its implementation. Thirteen interviews (eight one-on-one and five focused group) were conducted from forty trained teachers. The findings showed that almost all the teachers were quite content and even ecstatic about the workshops and were willing to use the acquired knowledge and skills. Those who were able to use the knowledge and skills attained in the workshops reported improved students’ interest, classroom interaction, and academic performance. However, many expressed disappointments due to the multiple obstacles at their schools which prevented them from fully and effectively using the knowledge and skills from the workshops. They specifically reported insufficient number of computers, poor and inapt ICT environment and most importantly, unreliable internet access and connectivity. This study identifies three important elements in the successful implementation of any ICT in education program: willingness (mainly of administrators, teachers and students), training (especially for the teachers) and infrastructure (physical, hardware and software). Although, there was an overwhelming willingness from the teachers (even excitement) and adequate training, issues with infrastructure appear to be preventing the policy from yielding desired results. In order to ensure that the current policy brings the desired results, the MoE must not only provide effective professional development training for teachers, but also furnish schools with the necessary ICT resources and infrastructure. Only then, the MoE may revolutionize the education system through ICT.
 Keywords: ICT in education, professional development, teacher training, 21st century skills, Trinidad

ICT IN TEACHING – ONCE A CHOICE, NOW A NECESSITY

The usage of ICT in the teaching process was a recommendation and an opportunity to innovate and actualize it until only a few months ago. The inevitable change caused by the unexpected circumstances triggered by Covid-19 brought all teachers into a situation where there was no room for consideration and no option to avoid the use of modern technology for learning and teaching purposes. Taking into account current situation that indicates the need for integration ICT into the teaching process, the aim of this paper was to analyze the relevant research, to point out the inevitability of providing additional support to teachers for the use of ICT in teaching. Accordingly, the research objectives was: pedagogical significance and contribution of ICT integration in the teaching process, the importance of the role of teachers in the process of ICT integration in teaching, as well as potential obstacles and difficulties that teachers may face in using ICT in teaching process. The obtained results can contribute to a more comprehensive view of the problems that teachers could face in the implementation of ICT in teaching, which would allow the determination of directions that would affect changes in their opinion related to acceptance and promotion of learning in ICT environment, as well as advantages to innovate teaching process by using ICT in teaching.

Highly Secure Residents Life Event Management System Based on Blockchain by Hyperledger Fabric

This article describes the design and implementation of Residents Life Event Management System (hereinafter called as RLEMS) with high level reliability and security by blockchain technology. The data access environment provided by blockchain is highly secure and trustworthy. In Blockchain system, some data fragments are grouped into one piece called as blocks, and all blocks are connected to create a chain of blocks in database. When blocks are connected, hash value is used to connect blocks properly. Blockchain technology enables highly secure and reliable data management system under relatively poor ICT environment. For example, developing countries such as African countries do not have sufficient ICT environment. Therefore adopting blockchain technology is suitable for such countries. Based on this consideration, we have started to build RLEMS on the blockchain system. In previous work, we used the MultiChain as a blockchain platform. However, as MultiChain platform is mainly for private blockchain system, it is not suitable for government-level data management system. Therefore, we tried to use another blockchain framework. We selected Hyperledger Fabric which was developed by Linux Foundation. It enables to implement all styles of blockchain system. This article describes the design and implementation of RLEMS by using Hyperledger Fabric. Furthermore, to provide the best user experience, we also built the web application interface with Java web application framework named PrimeFace. The implementation of a prototype revealed that the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain technology is more suitable than MultiChain.

A Study on the Utilization and Prospect of ICT-Based Movement Support for the Mobility Handicapped

Background/objectives: Due to the increase in mobility handicapped, related measures that reflect the needs of vulnerable people have been proposed in various fields. In particular, when entering an aging society, it is necessary to prepare for an overall social system. As the opportunities and demands for social participation of the elderly and the disabled are increasing, the need for research on the environment and mobility support for the mobility handicapped is increasing. Method/Statistical analysis: In the case of elderly people, the right to move has a close relationship with the economy when the guarantee for retirement life is insufficient. For the disabled, it is necessary to support movement to welfare facilities and medical support facilities, such as participation in rehabilitation and social education. System improvement and legislation are being made to guarantee the right to move for people with reduced mobility, but there are limitations in actual mobility support. Therefore, in this thesis, we intend to present a plan and a prospect of using ICT environment to support mobility of the mobility handicapped. Findings: By providing mobility support services in an ICT environment tailored to the types and characteristics of mobility handicapped, reflecting the mobility characteristics and requirements of mobility handicapped, we will improve the mobility autonomy of vulnerable people and provide welfare services and opportunities for social participation. Improvements/Application: Analyzing case studies on various mobility support using the ICT environment, we propose a plan to guarantee the right to move for the mobility handicapped.

한국 근대사회에서 관광의 생산체계와 소비행태 변화 : 포디즘-탈포디즘 관점에서 문헌연구를 중심으로

This study began with the question how tourism and travel were produced and consumed in modern Korean society as Korean society changes to modernity. The purpose of this study is to find and interpret how the foundation process of tourism was established in modern Korean society, how the social and institutional production system of tourism including major tourism industries and national tourism development policies, and what characteristics of the consumption behaviors in tourism was. Accordingly, based on Fordism and Post-Fordism thesis issued in the West, it was discussed whether the tourism behavior and tourist experiences of domestic and overseas tourism were equally changed in Korea. This study conducted a document study using various research papers and statistic reports published by the government since 1976 as secondary data. It was concluded that social modernization changed the domestic tourism to radicalized modernization, and extended organized mass tourism to individualized one, namely, Fordism to post Fordism. On the other hand, overseas tourism in Korea was nearly impossible due to the limitation policy of tourism imports by government till 1988. In the 1990s, the number of overseas tourists increased rapidly with the explosive growth of the travel industry. Until the early 2000s, overseas tourism was mainly dominated by Fordism. Individualized tourism, meanwhile was favored by the younger generation who were able to communicate in ICT environment, or the internet, and thus the shift to post-Fordism in overseas tourism was partly seen.

Efficiency of cross-border information exchange

The aim of this paper is to provide an insight into the influencing factors of international police information exchange conducted by the Single Points of Contact (SPOC) and the Police and Customs Cooperation Centre (PCCC) within the EU. The author achieves this goal by introducing the relevant scientific theories and the results of the conducted quantitative research. The research identifies the influencing environments of cross-border information exchange and through this, finds supporting and hindering factors such as organisational structure, culture, leadership, legislation, and ICT environment. Findings can help decision makers and end users to overcome everyday obstacles.

Library Organization Skills and Competencies for Library Professionals in the ICT Environment

Library Organization Skills and Competencies for Library Professionals in the ICT Environment