Ice Water Immersion Research Articles

Effect of intravenous nutrient solutions on ventricular fibrillation in the hypothermic dog.

<h3>Introduction</h3> A high incidence of ventricular fibrillation in dogs during general hypothermia at body temperatures below 28 C (82.4 F) has been reported.^1-4A few pharmacological agents have been evaluated for their effects in reducing the incidence of fibrillation at low temperatures.^5,6It is noteworthy that the agents so far reported were administered after the animal had reached the desired hypothermic level. Recently, aminoacetic acid (glycine) was shown to be of thermogenic value by its ability to aid in rapid rewarming to normal body temperature.⁷Furthermore, a prolongation of cooling time was attributed to the aminoacetic acid administration, which began prior to ice-water immersion. Amino-acetic acid has also been shown to possess an antiarrhythmic effect in cyclopropane-epinephrine-induced ventricular arrhythmias⁸and in hypothermia.⁹Evidence, therefore, suggests that aminoacetic acid possesses both thermogenic and antiarrhythmic properties. The present study was performed to test whether these effects were

Effects of Ice Water Chilling on Flavor of Chicken

IN A previous study, Pippen, Campbell and Streeter (1954) showed that broth prepared from half carcasses immersed in ice water for as little as 5 hours had less flavor than broth from unsoaked halves. Since explanation for the flavor difference could not be found in existing reports on cold water chilling (Bailey, Stewart and Lowe, 1948; Roberts and Robertson, 1941) and since chilling freshly killed, ready-to-cook poultry by immersion in ice water is widely practiced, work was undertaken to determine the mechanism and extent of flavor loss, its chemical nature, and the practical importance of the effects on flavor. Data are presented that substantiate earlier preliminary findings, indicate the nature of substances leached by ice water, and demonstrate that loss of flavor by ice water chilling in the best commercial practice is not great enough to be of practical importance. PROCEDURESource and Processing of Chickens. Ten-to twelve-week-old colored broilers, …

ON THE TREATMENT OF PHLEGMONOUS ERYSIPELAS AND OTHER FORMS OF SUPPURATIVE INFLAMMATION BY IMMERSION IN ICE WATER.Read in the Section on Surgery and Anatomy at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.

Phlegmonous erysipelas, phlegmonous inflammation, or pseudo-erysipelas, as Billroth terms it, I, in my earlier experience, found an intractable and destructive affection materially interfering with the future usefulness of the hand, the part most commonly affected. After having treated a number of cases by the old method of free incision, local applications, hot fomentations, etc., with the usual results, it occurred to me that the rapid destruction of tissue was due to excessive heat, and that if some method of reducing the temperature were adopted the effect would be prevented. Cold has always been used as a method of treatment, with the added caution that it was liable to produce gangrene, as in these cases there is a natural tendency to that result. Pressure, such as would be produced by the application of ice would increase that danger, so the thought occurred to me to use immersion in ice water, and