Hypothetical Model Research Articles

Relationship Between High-Performance Work Systems and Innovation Performance (Low-Level Employee’s Perception) with Mediating Role of Dynamic Capabilities and Moderating Role of Hierarchal Culture

In this research, we examined theoretically how human resource practices such as high-performance work systems help build dynamic capabilities which enhance an organization's innovation performance. We also theorized that firms within a hierarchical culture where employees follow a structured system would not have a strong influence in transforming dynamic capabilities into innovation. We analyzed and tested our hypothetical model by using cross-sectional studies from 50 pharmaceutical companies in Pakistan. Our findings demonstrate that dynamic capabilities (DCs) serve as a mediator in the relationship between high-performance work systems and innovation performance (IP). Moreover, the association of dynamic capabilities (DCs) and innovation performance is found to be significantly moderated by hierarchical culture (IP). We found that the relationship of high-performance work systems, innovation performance and dynamic capacities were not significantly influenced by hierarchical culture.

General work stress and suicide cognitions in health-care workers: mediating effect of hopelessness and job satisfaction.

Individuals with a satisfactory level of job satisfaction are much less likely to feel hopeless about their future and are more likely to perform efficiently in the workplace. General work stress (i.e., the work-related stress subjectively experienced) is a significant predictor of suicide cognitions. Furthermore, it has been posited that satisfaction and hope are fundamental to life from an existential perspective. We, therefore, tested a hypothetical model of general work stress, suicide cognitions, hopelessness, and job satisfaction. The data were collected from 416 health-care workers through a convenience sampling method. The mediation analysis results revealed significant negative and positive relationships among general work stress, suicide conceptions, hopelessness, and job satisfaction. The findings indicate that hopelessness and job satisfaction have a parallel mediating effect in the relationship between general work stress and suicide cognitions. The result of the study is of great importance, which suggests that interventions to alleviate hopelessness and work stress and to boost the job satisfaction of medical staff may help prevent suicide cognitions.

Electronic and optical structural manipulation of NbS2 defects under strain: first-principles calculations.

Monolayer NbS2 is a promising new two-dimensional material, and it is critical to develop effective methods to make NbS2 a material for nanodevices and photovoltaic applications. This study studied the strain rule of sulfur-deficient NbS2 structure by first principles. The results show that all defect structures introduce impurity states to enhance electron transport. The disulfide defect structure produces an indirect band gap under the action of tensile strain, which can reach up to 0.56eV and become a diluted semiconductor. The hybrid NbS2 exhibits high transparency under infrared, visible, and low-frequency ultraviolet light, improving the material's transmittance, optical response, and catalytic activity. The research results of this paper will provide a basis for the subsequent research of single-layer NbS2 and accelerate the research process of NbS2 as a new semiconductor material. We are on the surface perpendicular to the 3×3×1 NbS2 and use a 15 Å vacuum layer to avoid interacting with periodic images. The first-principles simulation uses the CASTEP module in Materials Studio to simulate the hypothetical model and relaxation optimization structure of single-layer NbS2 under strain and defect state. The calculation function is PBE (Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof) function under the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for an approximate calculation to describe the interaction between electrons and the interaction between electrons and ions. The pseudopotentials of 3s23p4 and 4d45s1 valence electron configurations were used for S and Nb atoms, respectively. Van der Waals correction is considered in the simulation process. Moreover, it includes spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effects. For the plane wave truncation energy, we set it at 500eV. The arrangement of the Brillouin area is divided by 6×6×1 gamma-centered Monkhorst-Pack grids. The lattice deformation of all hybrid structures is less than 0.05 Gpa, and the interatomic force is less than 0.03 eV/Å.

MODEL OF PERSONALITY TRAITS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS TEACHERS

Modern trends in the development of education, increased professional requirements towards the personality of the teacher have necessitated forming the teacher's creative individuality and unlimited realization of his or her creative skills. Dealing successfully with the demands depends not only on the professionalism of the teacher but on his or her personality, in particular, on the teacher’s personal qualities.The aim of the research provided in this article was to develop a hypothetical model of professionally valued personality traits of the physical education and sports teacher of a general education institution and its experimental verification on the Georgian population. The research has shown that there is a certain difference between the hypothetical model and the personality traits obtained through the research. The experimental study conducted on the Georgian population has revealed seven key personality traits characteristic of the physical education and sports teacher: high level of rule-consciousness, high level of self-control, relaxed, socially boldness, emotional stability, and sensitivity. It has also been found that only a small number of teachers (38.8%) are open to change. A large proportion of the participants are characterized by low (28.2%) and average (50.4%) level of creativity.

Modeling the facets of burnout in Lisbon airport border officers using PLSc-SEM estimator

Border officers experience stressful moments during the working day at the border point at Lisbon airport (Portugal) that can lead to “emotional exhaustion,” which is the core component of burnout, and relates with “cognitive fatigue (weariness)” and “physical fatigue.” These theoretical concepts cannot be measured (or observed) directly by what are considered latent variables/constructs that are available in Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM). These constructs are, however, operationalized by the questions available in the SMBM, which correspond to observed variables (or manifest variables) expressed in an ordinal scale of seven categories. This questionnaire, reliable and internationally validated, was used in our research and considering the specialized literature, we proposed a hypothetical structural path model that expresses a priori perceptions about the causal relationships between the mentioned latent constructs, where “physical fatigue” is the target construct. A reflective model was estimated based on the sample of primary data and using a Variance-Covariance estimator of Structural Equations Modeling (VB-SEM), the consistent Partial Least Squares (PLSc), that corrects for bias to consistently estimate SEM’s with common factors. The results obtained allow a better understanding of the profile and characteristics of Portuguese border officers who work at Lisbon airport, as well as reveal that the latent exogenous construct “emotional exhaustion” has a high positive direct effect on the “cognitive fatigue,” and through this latter (mediator construct), an indirect effect on the endogenous construct “physical fatigue.” In turn, “cognitive fatigue” has the greatest positive direct effect on “physical fatigue.” The biggest difference identified was between the direct effect of “Emotional exhaustion” on “Physical fatigue,” which is higher for workers with more years of service, as expected. However, the multigroup analysis (using the nonparametric Permutation test) showed that this difference was not statistically significant.

Structural Equation Model for Social Support and Quality of Life Among Individuals With Mental Health Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the distribution of social support for mental health problems has likely become unequal. Family- and community-based social support has been recognized as a promising approach for mental disorders; however, limited global frameworks have been applied to developing countries such as Vietnam. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and social support among patients with mental health disorders in Vietnam and to investigate the factors associated with quality of life among these patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 222 psychiatric patients in Hanoi from 2020 to 2022. A structured questionnaire was developed based on four standardized scales: Mental Well-Being-5 scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, EuroQoL-visual analog scale (EQ-VAS), and EuroQoL-5 dimensions-5 levels (EQ-5D-5L) scale. Tobit regression was used to identify factors associated with the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS scores. Structural equation modeling was applied to verify the relationship between quality of life and social support. The results showed that perceived support from family scored the highest compared to support from friends and significant others. Patients with depression reported the lowest quality of life and perceived social support. Structural equation modeling showed a root mean square error of approximation of 0.055 (90% CI 0.006-0.090), comparative fit index of 0.954, Tucker-Lewis index of 0.892, and standardized root mean squared error of 0.036 (P<.001). The hypothetical model indicated statistically significant correlations between EQ-VAS score and social support (P=.004), EQ-5D-5L and mental well-being (P<.001), and social support and mental well-being (P<.001). Critical deterioration of quality of life and inconsistency in social support for patients with mental illness were also recorded. There is a need to enhance social support and service delivery in Vietnam, focusing on occupation and quality of life. The correlations between social support, quality of life, and mental health issues suggest the potential of a clinical-social integrated intervention model of care.

THE 4X4 MODEL OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE THEORY AND JUSTIFICATION OF AN ALTERNATIVE OPTION

Abstract. Purpose: to reasonably form an interdisciplinary model of organizational culture that will take into account a number of requirements and purposefully focus on the possibility of practical use. Methodology: the modeling method was applied to fill with the content the hypothetical graphic model of organizational culture through the analysis of the interdisciplinary interpretation of the organization and the synthesis of the systemic and logical structure. Findings: the model is hypothetical and after appropriate empirical and static studies with the following corrections, a conclusion can be made about the possibility and expediency of its application in practice. Originality: an interdisciplinary approach using a systematic modeling method is the latest of scientific attempts to substantiate graphically organizational culture as a scientific concept and a phenomenon important for practical application.

A structural equation modeling framework for studying sustainable freight transportation indicators in emerging economies

The movement of commodities in emerging economies is largely facilitated by freight transit. The major obstacle to developing sustainable freight transportation systems in emerging economies are multiple dynamic uncertainties and inherent sustainability risks. This study determines the major indicators responsible for the sustainability of freight transportation. Initially, 16 Sustainable Transportation Indicators (STIs) are identified through literature and discussed with experts under five sustainability parameters: reputation, overall service quality, resilience, economic model, and job satisfaction. The identified STIs are categorized under the economic, social, environmental, and risk categories. Later, a hypothetical conceptual Structural Equation Model (SEM) is employed to analyze and verify the data. The results from the study show that STIs such as Reputation, Employment Benefits, and Infrastructure and Technology are crucial for the development of sustainable freight transport in emerging economies as they can enhance the efficiency and productivity of transportation systems and, hence their importance must be considered for future deployment of freight transportation in these economies.

PSYCHOLOGICAL SUBSTANTIATION AND DESCRIPTION OF THE AUTHOR՚S OF THE PSYCHODIAGNOSTIC PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUE SEDNOR

The purpose of the article is to consider the process of creating the author՚s psychodiagnostic methodology SEDNOR on the basis of various integrated scientific approaches, taking into account the age characteristics of the personality and the conditions of the respondents; to analyze the results of a long-term experimental study aimed at studying and psychodiagnosing the relationship between perceptual, cognitive processes and creative potential of the personality on the examples of primary school students; to describe the algorithm of the author՚s psychodiagnostic projective methodology SEDNOR, to develop the algorithm of the author՚s psychodiagnostic methodology.&#x0D; The following methods were used. From the group of theoretical foundations, the Rorschach Inkblot Test, Osgood՚s Semantic Differential (SD), the fuzzy rating scale, and the interpretation of the non-existent animal technique using SD were used. The author՚s SEDNOR methodology was used to study the creative potential of the individual (taking into account complex mental intertwining) by using the perceptual and imaginative components of the student՚s personality. Over the course of more than 30 years, a total of about 30,000 respondents of different age groups, from children aged 7 to early adulthood, have participated in the study. The study presents results only for a sample of primary school children. The empirical study was conducted on the basis of secondary schools in Lviv. Lviv. Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.&#x0D; The article presents a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of the “basic image” and creative potential as psychological phenomena, highlights their features in terms of different interpretations. The psychological factors of the image emergence are analyzed and a hypothetical model of its emergence is built. The results of an empirical study aimed at experimentally investigating the creative potential of junior schoolchildren using the author՚s SEDNOR methodology are analyzed. The mechanism of influence of the studied types of unstructured images on the level of creative potential of an individual is substantiated.&#x0D; As a result of the study, a high level of reliability of the proposed projective psychodiagnostic methodology SEDNOR as an opportunity for modern diagnostics of personality creativity has been determined. It is noted that a comparative analysis of the results of the psychodiagnostic projective methodology SEDNOR and the indicators of control methods for the study of the creative potential of the individual was carried out, which indicates the possibility of using this methodology in Ukraine and the possibility of its adaptation in other countries. Special general recommendations for the use of the SEDNOR psychodiagnostic methodology and conclusions based on the results of diagnostics have been developed.

Phenomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the sequential synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans BYM.

Understanding the molecular mechanism of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticle synthesis in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans BYM is particularly important for the commercial development of biogenic Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The phenomic parameters such as intracellular iron content and number and size of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were significantly affected by different treatment conditions, i.e., FeSO4·7H2O concentrations (0, 40, and 80 g/L), growth times (12, 36, and 50 h), and magnetic field intensities (0.05, 3.5, and 15 mT) (P < 0.01). Transcriptome analysis revealed that 2,164, 1,587, and 1,061 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were accordingly detected, and 24 significant expression profiles were identified in A. ferrooxidans BYM under the three treatment conditions. The construction of gene regulatory networks for Fe3O4 nanoparticle synthesis indicated that DEGs mainly enrich ion transport, oxidation-reduction process, membrane structure, signal transduction, and quorum sensing. The four modules were found to be significantly associated with Fe3O4 nanoparticle phenomic parameters using a weighted gene co-expression network. Ten hub genes significantly correlated with Fe3O4 nanoparticle phenomic parameters (P < 0.01) were finally selected from 24 eigengenes related to iron metabolism screened from these models. On the basis of the previous research results and the present study findings, we provide a hypothetical molecular model for Fe3O4 nanoparticle synthesis mediated by these hub genes in A. ferrooxidans BYM comprising membrane formation, iron uptake and transport, iron redox, and crystal maturity. Our results will enable in-depth studies of Fe3O4 nanoparticle synthesis in non-magnetotactic magnetosome-producing bacteria. IMPORTANCE As the most important non-magnetotactic magnetosome-producing bacteria, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans only requires very mild conditions to produce Fe3O4 nanoparticles, thus conferring greater flexibility and potential application in biomagnetic nanoparticle production. However, the available information cannot explain the mechanism of Fe3O4 nanoparticle formation in A. ferrooxidans. In this study, we applied phenomic and transcriptomic analyses to reveal this mechanism. We found that different treatment condition factors notably affect the phenomic data of Fe3O4 nanoparticle in A. ferrooxidans. Using transcriptomic analyses, the gene network controlling/regulating Fe3O4 nanoparticle biogenesis in A. ferrooxidans was proposed, excavating the candidate hub genes for Fe3O4 nanoparticle formation in A. ferrooxidans. Based on this information, a sequential model for Fe3O4 nanoparticle synthesis in A. ferrooxidans was hypothesized. It lays the groundwork for further clarifying the feature of Fe3O4 nanoparticle synthesis.

Mediating effects of social support, mental health between stress overload, fatigue and turnover intention among operating theatre nurses

BackgroundThe high rate of nurses turnover and nursing staff shortage have been an ongoing concern issue and a challenge for global health systems. To explore the turnover intention among operating theatre nurses, and to test the hypothetical model for estimating the effects of stress overload and fatigue between social support, mental health and turnover intention.Designa multi-center and cross-sectional online survey.MethodsThis study was conducted from October 2020 to March 2021 comprised 1060 operating theatre nurses from 76 Chinese hospitals. The descriptive analysis, independent sample t test and one-way analysis of variance and Spearman correlation analysis were used to explore the relationships among variables by the SPSS software, and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was utilized to identify influencing factors of turnover intention and its dimensions among operating theatre nurses. A structural equation model was analyzed by the AMOS software.ResultsSocial support, mental health, stress overload and fatigue were important predictors of turnover intention among operating theatre nurses. Besides, stress overload positively affected fatigue, mental health and turnover intention; fatigue negatively affected social support, however, fatigue positively affected mental health; social support negatively affected mental health and turnover intention; mental health positively affected turnover intention. Moreover, social support, mental health mediated between stress overload, fatigue and turnover intention among operating theatre nurses.ConclusionSocial support, mental health mediated between stress overload, fatigue and turnover intention among operating theatre nurses.

The influence of the brand image of green agriculture products on China's consumption intention--The mediating role of perceived value.

Green agriculture can minimize the negative impact of agriculture on the environment. As countries around the world strongly advocate green production and green life style, not only is consumers' awareness about green consumption rising, but the demand for green agricultural products at home and abroad is gradually increasing as well. Brand image has been a crucial factor for consumers to make their final purchasing decisions, thus playing a critical role in influencing the purchasing decisions of consumers. Based on the theory of the brand image, this paper undergoes a comprehensive theoretical and positive analysis and explores the influence mechanism of brand image of green agricultural products on consumers' purchasing intention. A hypothetical model with perceived value as mediators is constructed by us to examine the influence of brand image of green agricultural products on consumers' purchasing intention. A quantitative study was conducted for a random sample of 341 consumers who purchased green agricultural products in China according to a questionnaire-based survey using a cluster random sampling technique. The study showed that the overall image of agribusiness, the image of agricultural products, the social image of agribusiness, and the image of consumers are all positively related to consumption intention. The overall image of agribusiness, the image of agricultural products, the social image of agribusiness, and the image of consumers have a positive influence on perceived value. Moreover, perceived value plays a part in the mediating role in the influence of the overall image of agribusiness, the image of agricultural products, the social image of agribusiness, and the image of consumers on consumption intention. These findings shed lights on enterprises in establishing a scientific and effective brand strategy and building an excellent brand image. The research conclusion can provide new insight into how to enhance the consumption willingness for green agricultural products and promote sustainable development.

Probabilistic Evaluation of Geomechanical Risks in CO2 Storage: An Exploration of Caprock Integrity Metrics Using a Multilaminate Model

The probabilistic uncertainty assessment of geomechanical risk—specifically, caprock failure—attributable to CO2 injection, as presented in a simplified hypothetical geological model, was the focus of this study. Our approach amalgamates the implementation of a multilaminate model, the creation of a response surface model in conjunction with the Box–Behnken sampling design, the execution of associated numerical modeling experiments, and the utilization of Monte Carlo simulations. Probability distributions to encapsulate the inherent variability (elastic and mechanical properties of the caprock and reservoir) and uncertainty in prediction estimates (vertical displacement, total strain, and F value) were employed. Our findings reveal that the Young modulus of the caprock is a key factor controlling equivalent total strain but is insufficient as a stand-alone indicator of caprock integrity. It is confirmed that the caprock can accommodate significant deformation without failure, if it possesses a low Young’s modulus and high mechanical strength properties, such as the friction angle and uniaxial compressive strength. Similarly, vertical displacement was found to be an unreliable indicator for caprock integrity, as caprock failure can occur across a broad spectrum of vertical displacements, particularly when both the Young modulus and mechanical strength properties have wide ranges. This study introduces the F value as the most dependable indicator for caprock failure, although it is a theoretical attribute (the shortest distance between the Mohr circle and the nearest failure envelope used to measure the sensitivity to failure) and not physically measurable in the field. Deviatoric stress levels were found to vary based on stress regimes, with the maximum levels observed under extensive and compressive stress regimes. In conjunction with the use of the response surface method, this study demonstrates the efficacy of the multilaminate framework and the Mohr–Coulomb constitutive model in providing a simplified, yet effective, probabilistic model of the mechanical behavior of caprock failure, reducing mathematical and computational complexities.

Origin, evolution and diversification of plant mechanosensitive channel of small conductance-like (MSL) proteins

Mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels provide efficient molecular mechanism for transducing mechanical forces into intracellular ion fluxes in all kingdoms of life. The mechanosensitive channel of small conductance (MscS) was one of the best-studied MS channels and its homologs (MSL, MscS-like) were widely distributed in cell-walled organisms. However, the origin, evolution and expansion of MSL proteins in plants are still not clear. Here, we identified more than 2100 MSL proteins from 176 plants and conducted a broad-scale phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic tree showed that plant MSL proteins were divided into three groups (I, II and III) prior to the emergence of chlorophytae algae, consistent with their specific subcellular localization. MSL proteins were distributed unevenly into each of plant species, and four parallel expansion was identified in angiosperms. In Brassicaceae, most MSL duplicates were derived by whole-genome duplication (WGD)/segmental duplications. Finally, a hypothetical evolutionary model of MSL proteins in plants was proposed based on phylogeny. Our studies illustrate the evolutionary history of the MSL proteins and provide a guide for future functional diversity analyses of these proteins in plants.

Revisiting British Malaya&amp;#39;s Era: An Intriguing Historical Legal Analysis of Land Administration and Colonial Forestry

The land and forest administration system in Malaysia faces a complexity bias due to the misinterpretation of rules and legislation, leading to increased disputes. The reliance on British law for matters like land ownership amplifies this issue, and the intricacies of static and dynamic arrangements further compound the complexity. Previously, Malay rural land rights were based on usufructuary principles, but the colonial land alienation policy redefined unalienated land, land reserved for public purposes, and reserved forests as State Land. This study seeks to comprehensively review and analyse legal rules, cases, statutes, and regulations to understand ancient land law practices and the influence of British colonial land law on land administration. Conducted in Peninsular Malaysia, the study focuses on primary documents, cases, and critical analyses from three states: Perak, Penang, and Kelantan. The findings of the study highlight the contentious nature of land rights and autonomy in utilizing natural resources in Malaysia. The country inherits both formal and informal land tenure systems rooted in customary law, making dispute resolution challenging. The principal characteristic of ancient land law is based on a hypothetical model of the ancient customary land tenure system, encompassing different eras, missions, and principles. Significantly, the study reveals a direct and strong connection between colonial land law and current land law practices in the respective states. Additionally, Malaysia&amp;#39;s land law has been influenced by Islamic law (Syariah) to some extent and blended with other ancient customary laws before the introduction of Torren in 1897.

Exploring Australian children's perceptions of a school-provided lunch model using a story completion method.

Children in Australia currently bring a packed lunch to school from home. Many children are not consuming a healthy diet at school. There is interest from key stakeholders (e.g. education and the non-government sector, food service and parents/caregivers) to transform the Australian system to a school-provided model to improve children's diets, reduce parental burden and address food insecurity. To facilitate a successful transition to this system, it is important to consider the views of the children. We aimed to explore Australian primary school children's perceptions of a hypothetical school-provided lunch model. To achieve this aim, we undertook a qualitative study using the story completion method. Twenty-one grade-five children, from one public primary school in South Australia, participated in a once-off data collection session. Children were given a brief story stem and asked to complete a story about a hypothetical school-provided lunch scenario. The story data were analysed using thematic analysis. Four main themes were generated: the eating environment, the food provided, processes of the mealtime and time. The desire for choice was an additional overarching theme that cut across all themes. Our study provides the first exploration of South Australian children's perceptions of hypothetical school-provided meals. These insights can be used to co-design an acceptable school food system with children to create a positive eating environment that supports healthy eating habits they can carry forward into adulthood.

The Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Attitude of Measurement and Evaluation: Mediating Role of Hope and Life Satisfaction

Education is the foundation of everything. Teachers are the primary builders of quality education. The quality of education is enhanced by preparation before education, coordinated management of the education process, and reliable measurement and evaluation of educational outcomes. In this context, teachers’ attitudes towards measurement and evaluation play a significant role in quality education. Cognitive and affective characteristics are crucial factors that influence teachers’ or candidates’ attitudes toward measurement and evaluation. The present study is unique in its development of a hypothetical model to examine the relationships among self-efficacy, attitude of measurement and evaluation, hope, and satisfaction. The study sample consisted of 534 individuals from Turkey, with 351 women and 183 men aged 18-25. Convenience sampling was used to select the participants, which is a non-probability sampling method that involves selecting participants who are easily accessible to the researcher. In this case, the participants were university students from Turkey who were recruited via Google Forms. Participants completed the Self-Efficacy Scale, the Hope Scale, the Life Satisfaction Scale, and the Attitude of Measurement and Evaluation Scale. Mediation analysis was conducted using Hayes’ (2017) process macro. The findings of the study support the proposed model, which suggests that hope and life satisfaction mediate the relationship between self-efficacy and attitude of measurement and evaluation. In other words, as individuals’ hope and life satisfaction increase, their self-efficacy and attitude of measurement and evaluation also increase. The conceptual framework presented within this research demonstrates considerable potential as a pioneering approach for academic exploration. This framework may potentially function as an original blueprint for scholars within the discipline. Both professionals and academics can utilize the conclusions drawn from this study to formulate psycho educational interventions with a wellness emphasis, directed at individuals. These interventions aspire to augment the self-efficacy, hope, and life satisfaction of university students.

Development of hypothetical infection model based on environmental variables for Plasmopara viticola (Berk. &amp; M.A. Curtis) Berl. &amp; De Ton

Development of a hypothetical infection model for Plasmopara viticola based on environmental variables was applied to black grape variety Vranec. The infected leaves were digitally quantified using the software platform 'ImageJ' to determine disease severity. The resulting data, along with inputs of average temperature and leaf wetness duration, were used to establish a regression relationship. Downy mildew infection reaches its maximum when we have an average of 2 hours and 29 minutes of leaf wetness duration and an average daily temperature of 26.8 ° C. The regression relationship then by used to describe the results, and based on this, a hypothetical infection model for P. viticola was developed.

Features of postural control of elderly patients with osteoporosis: Overview

The study discusses the features of postural control of patients with senile and presenile osteoporosis. Age-related changes in the components and mechanisms of the postural control system are summarized. The main factors that are associated with osteoporosis and affect the postural balance, namely, reduced bone mineralization, postural deformities, pathological fractures, and sarcopenia, are discussed. The key problems of older patients with osteoporosis associated with a decrease in postural stability are considered. These problems are associated with an increased risk of falls and injuries, fear of falls, reduced functional mobility, and quality of life.&#x0D; On the analysis of literature sources, a hypothetical model of postural control and interaction between age-associated and osteoporosis-associated factors is proposed.

Vulnerable and grandiose narcissism differentially predict phubbing via social anxiety and problematic social media use

ABSTRACT ‘Phubbing’ refers to the phenomenon where people ignore social partners in a face-to-face situation by focusing on their phones. Narcissism, a personality trait characterised by entitled self-importance, has strong influences on interpersonal relationships. As the mechanism through which narcissism may affect the development of phubbing is unclear and most relevant studies have been conducted in Western countries, we proposed and empirically tested a theoretical model that links narcissism to phubbing in China. Chinese participants (N = 322; 181 women and 141 men) completed a survey in the Chinese language. Path analyses largely confirmed the proposed hypothetical model. The main findings showed that vulnerable narcissism directly predicted more phubbing behaviour and also indirectly via increased social anxiety, preference for online social interaction (POSI), social media use (SMU) for mood regulation, and compulsive SMU. Also, grandiose narcissism indirectly predicted less phubbing behaviour via reduced social anxiety, POSI, SMU for mood regulation, and compulsive SMU. The findings, therefore, elucidate the mechanisms by which the two subtypes of narcissism differentially predispose people to phubbing in China, with vulnerable narcissism predisposing people to more phubbing and grandiose narcissism to less phubbing. Implications and limitations of the study are discussed.