Hypergraph Of Rank Research Articles

(k − 2)-linear connected components in hypergraphs of rank k

We define a q-linear path in a hypergraph H as a sequence (e_1,...,e_L) of edges of H such that |e_i ∩ e_i+1 | ∈ [[1, q]] and e_i ∩ e_j = ∅ if |i − j| > 1. In this paper, we study the connected components associated to these paths when q = k − 2 where k is the rank of H. If k = 3 then q = 1 which coincides with the well-known notion of linear path or loose path. We describe the structure of the connected components, using an algorithmic proof which shows that the connected components can be computed in polynomial time. We then mention two consequences of our algorithmic result. The first one is that deciding the winner of the Maker-Breaker game on a hypergraph of rank 3 can be done in polynomial time. The second one is that tractable cases for the NP-complete problem of "Paths Avoiding Forbidden Pairs" in a graph can be deduced from the recognition of a special type of line graph of a hypergraph.

Optimal distributed covering algorithms

We present a time-optimal deterministic distributed algorithm for approximating a minimum weight vertex cover in hypergraphs of rank f. This problem is equivalent to the Minimum Weight Set Cover problem in which the frequency of every element is bounded by f. The approximation factor of our algorithm is (f+varepsilon ). Let varDelta denote the maximum degree in the hypergraph. Our algorithm runs in the congest model and requires O(log {varDelta } / log log varDelta ) rounds, for constants varepsilon in (0,1] and fin {mathbb {N}}^+. This is the first distributed algorithm for this problem whose running time does not depend on the vertex weights nor the number of vertices. Thus adding another member to the exclusive family of provably optimal distributed algorithms. For constant values of f and varepsilon , our algorithm improves over the (f+varepsilon )-approximation algorithm of Kuhn et al. (SODA, 2006)whose running time is O(log varDelta + log W), where W is the ratio between the largest and smallest vertex weights in the graph. Our algorithm also achieves an f-approximation for the problem in O(flog n) rounds, improving over the classical result of Khuller et al. (J Algorithms, 1994) that achieves a running time of O(flog ^2 n). Finally, for weighted vertex cover (f=2) our algorithm achieves a deterministic running time of O(log n), matching the randomized previously best result of Koufogiannakis and Young (Distrib Comput, 2011). We also show that integer covering-programs can be reduced to the Minimum Weight Set Cover problem in the distributed setting. This allows us to achieve an (flceil log _2(M)+1 rceil +varepsilon )-approximate integral solution in O(1+f/logn)·logΔloglogΔ+(f·logM)1.01·logε-1·(logΔ)0.01\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\begin{aligned} O\\left( (1+f/\\log n)\\cdot \\left( {\\frac{\\log \\varDelta }{ \\log \\log \\varDelta } + ({f\\cdot \\log M})^{1.01}\\cdot \\log \\varepsilon ^{-1}\\cdot (\\log \\varDelta )^{0.01}}\\right) \\right) \\end{aligned}$$\\end{document}rounds, where f bounds the number of variables in a constraint, varDelta bounds the number of constraints a variable appears in, and M=max left{ 1, lceil 1/a_{min } rceil right} , where a_{min } is the smallest normalized constraint coefficient.

Distributed Local Approximation Algorithms for Maximum Matching in Graphs and Hypergraphs

We describe approximation algorithms in Linial's classic LOCAL model of distributed computing to find maximum-weight matchings in a hypergraph of rank $r$. Our main result is a deterministic algori...

Resilient Hypergraphs with Fixed Matching Number

Let H be a hypergraph of rank k, that is, |H| ≦ k for all H ∈ H. Let ν(H) denote the matching number, the maximum number of pairwise disjoint edges in H. For a vertex x let H(x) be the hypergraph consisting of the edges H ∈ H with x ∉ H. If ν(H(x)) = ν(H) for all vertices, H is called resilient. The main result is the complete determination of the maximum number of 2-element sets in a resilient hypergraph with matching number s. For k=3 it is $$\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {2s + 1} \\ 2 \\ \end{array} } \right)$$ while for k ≧ 4 the formula is $$k \cdot \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {2s + 1} \\ 2 \\ \end{array} } \right)$$ . The results are used to obtain a stability theorem for k-uniform hypergraphs with given matching number.

Linear Hypergraph Edge Coloring - Generalizations of the EFL Conjecture

Motivated by the Erdos-Faber-Lovász (EFL) conjecture for hypergraphs, we consider the edge coloring of linear hypergraphs. We discuss several conjectures for coloring linear hypergraphs that generalize both EFL and Vizing's theorem for graphs. For example, we conjecture that in a linear hypergraph of rank 3, the edge chromatic number is at most 2 times the maximum degree unless the hypergraph is the Fano plane where the number is 7. We show that for fixed rank sufficiently large and sufficiently large degree, the conjectures are true.

The Degree‐Diameter Problem for Claw‐Free Graphs and Hypergraphs

AbstractWe study the degree‐diameter problem for claw‐free graphs and 2‐regular hypergraphs. Let be the largest order of a claw‐free graph of maximum degree Δ and diameter D. We show that , where , for any D and any even . So for claw‐free graphs, the well‐known Moore bound can be strengthened considerably. We further show that for with (mod 4). We also give an upper bound on the order of ‐free graphs of given maximum degree and diameter for . We prove similar results for the hypergraph version of the degree‐diameter problem. The hypergraph Moore bound states that the order of a hypergraph of maximum degree Δ, rank k, and diameter D is at most . For 2‐regular hypergraph of rank and any diameter D, we improve this bound to , where . Our construction of claw‐free graphs of diameter 2 yields a similar result for hypergraphs of diameter 2, degree 2, and any even rank .

Lower Bounds on the Size of Maximum Independent Sets and Matchings in Hypergraphs of Rank Three

AbstractIn this paper, we study lower bounds on the size of a maximum independent set and a maximum matching in a hypergraph of rank three. The rank in a hypergraph is the size of a maximum edge in the hypergraph. A hypergraph is simple if no two edges contain exactly the same vertices. Let H be a hypergraph and let and be the size of a maximum independent set and a maximum matching, respectively, in H, where a set of vertices in H is independent (also called strongly independent in the literature) if no two vertices in the set belong to a common edge. Let H be a hypergraph of rank at most three and maximum degree at most three. We show that with equality if and only if H is the Fano plane. In fact, we show that if H is connected and different from the Fano plane, then and we characterize the hypergraphs achieving equality in this bound. Using this result, we show that that if H is a simple connected 3‐uniform hypergraph of order at least 8 and with maximum degree at most three, then and there is a connected 3‐uniform hypergraph H of order 19 achieving this lower bound. Finally, we show that if H is a connected hypergraph of rank at most three that is not a complete hypergraph on vertices, where denotes the maximum degree in H, then and this bound is asymptotically best possible. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Graph Theory

The union of minimal hitting sets: Parameterized combinatorial bounds and counting

A k-hitting set in a hypergraph is a set of at most k vertices that intersects all hyperedges. We study the union of all inclusion-minimal k-hitting sets in hypergraphs of rank r (where the rank is the maximum size of hyperedges). We show that this union is relevant for certain combinatorial inference problems and give worst-case bounds on its size, depending on r and k. For r=2 our result is tight, and for each r⩾3 we have an asymptotically optimal bound and make progress regarding the constant factor. The exact worst-case size for r⩾3 remains an open problem. We also propose an algorithm for counting all k-hitting sets in hypergraphs of rank r. Its asymptotic runtime matches the best one known for the much more special problem of finding one k-hitting set. The results are used for efficient counting of k-hitting sets that contain any particular vertex.

A note on the edge cover number and independence number in hypergraphs

Consider a hypergraph of rank r > 2 with m edges, independence number α and edge cover number ρ . We prove the inequality ρ ⩽ ( r - 2 ) m + α r - 1 . One application of this inequality is a special case of a conjecture of Aharoni and the first author extending Ryser's Conjecture to matroids.

Exact algorithms for finding minimum transversals in rank-3 hypergraphs

We present two algorithms for the problem of finding a minimum transversal in a hypergraph of rank 3, also known as the 3-Hitting Set problem. This problem is a natural extension of the vertex cover problem for ordinary graphs. The first algorithm runs in time O(1.6538 n ) for a hypergraph with n vertices, and needs polynomial space. The second algorithm uses exponential space and runs in time O(1.6316 n ).

Local spanning trees in graphs and hypergraph decomposition with respect to edge connectivity

Abstract We present a sufficient condition to a subset A of vertices of a graph G for the existence of a system of k edge-disjoint A-spanning trees. As a corollary, we prove that every k − ( k + 1)-edge-connected hypergraph of rank at most k + 1 is decomposable into k connected spanning subhy-pergraphs. AMS subject classification: 05C40, 05C65.

Line hypergraphs

AbstractThe notion of the line hypergraph is introduced. It is an immediate generalization of two wellknown objects: a line graph and a dual hypergraph. We obtain various characterizations of line hypergraphs; we also obtain a generalization of Whitney's theorem. The NP-completeness of the problem of determining whether a given graph is the line graph of a hypergraph of rank r > 2 is proved.