Hybrid Renewable Energy Generation System Research Articles

Optimal location selection for a distributed hybrid renewable energy system in rural Western Australia: A data mining approach

The adverse effects of coal and gas energy production with the subsequent rapid increase in energy consumption emphasize the importance for Australia to adopt more renewable energy sources to counteract these dismissive contributions to climate change. This work presents a data mining approach for optimally selecting the best locations for installing a distributed hybrid renewable energy generation system for rural regions in Western Australia. The K-Means and K-Medoids clustering algorithms were used to divide the constructed dataset into clusters. In total, 69 locations were selected for the overall dataset, proceeding with the filtering process. The returned cluster data were graphically rendered on a Western Australia map for the region. The clustering algorithms were evaluated using the Dunn index, such that K-Means performed to a higher degree than K-Medoids, given our dataset's nature. After passing the generated clusters to HOMER software to generate the potential wind and solar energy output for each centroid, K-Medoids produced a set of locations that generated higher solar and wind energy on average. However, due to the reduced internal validation, K-Medoids might not be as valuable as K-Means, it does not cluster the data points very well, and within-cluster location energy requirements are not considered in our study.

Spatial Decision-Making under Uncertainties for Supporting the Prospection of Sites for Hybrid Renewable Energy Generation Systems

This research aims at developing methodological tools for decision makers (DMs) to determine the locations for generating sites for hybrid renewable energy systems, considering complementarity characteristics of the corresponding sources and their seasonal availability. The decision process on new sites starts using Geographic Information Systems for modeling relevant spatial criteria. The problem solution is associated with using the Slide-OWA operator, which permits one to control the inter-criteria compensation levels by adjusting pessimism and optimism parameters. After constructing multicriteria estimates for generating sites, the general scheme of multi-objective decision-making is applied in conditions of uncertainty since these estimates are subject to significant levels of uncertainty. Such a scheme is based on the possibilistic approach, which involves the construction of payoff matrices. At this point, it is possible that some alternatives cannot be distinguished based only on the criteria considered so far, or the DM may want to evaluate the alternatives from the point of view of additional considerations. For this purpose, the framework of multi-attribute decision-making models is applied by employing methods for preference modeling in a fuzzy environment. The present work results are applied to a case study of the Minas Gerais State in Brazil. These results play a strategic role for governments and investors in their decisions while considering the ability to meet a wide range of criteria.

Promoting developments of hydrogen production from renewable energy and hydrogen energy vehicles in China analyzing a public-private partnership cooperation scheme based on evolutionary game theory

A tripartite evolutionary game model is put forward in this study, which represents the partnership among investment companies (IC), hybrid renewable energy generation system (HREGS) and hydrogen energy vehicle users (HEVU). Aims to determine whether the three parties are willing to participate in different scenarios and find out relevant optimal behaviors to further promote the development of renewable energy hydrogen production and hydrogen vehicles. HRES cooperation needs to meet the requirements that the direct normal irradiance (DNI) is greater than 1615 W/m2, the wind speed is greater than 4.5 m/s, the annual working time is greater than 1800 h, the government subsidy is greater than $152000, and the profit distribution ratio is greater than 0.34. IC cooperation needs to meet the requirements of DNI greater than 1425 W/m2, wind speed greater than 6 m/s, annual working time greater than 1950 h, government subsidy greater than $549000, and profit distribution ratio less than 0.48. HEU cooperation needs to meet the requirements that the government subsidy is more than $29300 and the hydrogenation operation risk cost is less than $2000. This study may provide a reference for renewable energy hydrogen production industry, hydrogen vehicle industry and governments making relevant policies.

Energy Management and Power Quality Improvement of Hybrid Renewable Energy Generation System Using Coordinated Control Scheme

Energy Management and Power Quality Improvement of Hybrid Renewable Energy Generation System Using Coordinated Control Scheme

Generation of Hybrid Energy System (Solar-Wind) Supported with Battery Energy Storage

Abstract: The utilization of renewable energy is significantly important for the world because global energy consumption is increasing, while conventional energy sources are no longer sufficient to meet the energy demand, triggering energy crises. In recent years, the increasing prices of fossil fuels and concerns about the environmental consequences of greenhouse gas emissions have renewed the interest in the development of alternative energy resources. Renewable energy is now considered a more desirable source of fuel than nuclear power due to the absence of risk and disasters [1]. Considering that the major component of greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide, there is a global concern about reducing carbon emissions. In this regard, different policies could be applied to reducing carbon emissions, such as enhancing renewable energy deployment and encouraging technological innovations. There are various of renewable energy sources such as Solar, biomass, wind, hydrogen, fuel cell, nanocomposite, and supercapacitor. Each of the energy sources are suitable for specific geographical locations and can suits from region to region. However, variation in solar radiation and wind speed caused by climate and weather conditions restricts the stable operation of renewable energy systems, therefore, causing the output to fluctuate. A hybrid renewable energy generation system can be highly efficient by combining multiple renewable energy sources and is regarded as a promising solution to overcome from this issue. Hybrid solar systems are the systems combining two renewable sources of energy, like solar and wind. Then, energy is generated through solar on sunny days and when there is limited sunshine but there is wind, energy can be generated through it. The study aims to focus on generation of hybrid solar-wind power plant with the optimal contribution of renewable energy resources supported by battery energy storage technology. The motivating factor behind the hybrid solar–wind power system design is the fact that both solar and wind power exhibit complementary power profiles. Advantageous combination of solar and wind with optimal ratio will lead to clear benefits for hybrid solar-wind power plants such as smoothing of intermittent power, higher reliability, and availability. However, the potential challenges for its integration into power grids cannot be neglected. A potential solution is to utilise one of the energy storage technologies, though all of them are still very expensive for such applications, especially at large scale. Therefore, optimal capacity calculations for energy storage system are also vital to realise full benefits. Currently, battery energy storage technology is considered as one of the most promising choices for renewable power applications. However, solar-wind power technology are most suitable for off-grid services, serving the remote are without having to build or extend expensive and complicated grid infrastructure. Therefor standalone system using renewable energy sources have become a preferred option. Hence hybrid energy systems are an ideal solution since they can offer substantial improvements in performance and cost reduction and can be tailored to varying end user requirements

Small-Scale Solar–Bio-Hybrid Power Generation Using Brayton and Rankine Cycles

This study conducted a detailed technical analysis of small-scale solar–bio-hybrid power generation systems using Rankine (steam turbine) and Brayton (gas turbine) cycles. Thermodynamic models were developed to characterize the state of working fluid and select the most suitable solar collection technology for individual power generation systems. Net capacity factor of power generation and utilization efficiencies of solar and biogas energy were used as parameters to evaluate energy generation and conclude the preferred system configuration. The analysis concluded that the steam turbine system has better global efficiency (67.7%) than the gas turbine system (55.7%), while the gas turbine system has better electricity generation efficiency (27.0%) than that (5.6%) of the steam turbine system. The effects of different climates on the selection of suitable hybrid systems were also investigated to delineate suitability and feasibility of different hybrid systems. In addition, the method used in this study can also be applied to investigate and optimize other small-scale hybrid renewable energy generation systems.

Utilização da lógica fuzzy aplicada à energia solar

A lógica fuzzy é uma metodologia para expor dados imprecisos e qualitativos, comuns na comunicação humana, em uma sequência e forma compreensíveis pelos computadores. Esses sistemas são ferramentas poderosas, que possibilitam a expressão de conceitos que não sejam bem definidos, nos quais usualmente é empregado um nome ou adjetivo para descrevê-los. Este trabalho pretende melhorar os modelos matemáticos para as fontes renováveis de energia, por meio da utilização da teoria fuzzy. Portanto, foi realizada a modelagem de um controlador fuzzy atuando no sistema híbrido de geração de energias renováveis, com o intuito de se obter maior eficiência do sistema híbrido solar-eólico. O trabalho utilizou dados de estações meteorológicas para o desenvolvimento de simulações do sistema. Para o desenvolvimento do controlador, foi utilizado o software Matlab® no módulo Fuzzy Logic ToolBoxTM, onde foi elaborada toda a teoria fuzzy e aplicada às simulações com o controlador, tendo por objetivo melhorias na eficiência do banco de baterias do sistema.

Comparative Performance of a Hybrid Renewable Energy Generation System with Dynamic Load Demand

This article presents the modeling and simulation of a hybrid generation system, which uses solar energy generation, wind energy, and the regulation of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) cell to raise the demanded load, empowering the use of these hydride systems worldwide. This generation system was simulated for different locations in Puerto Bolivar (Colombia), Bremen (Germany), Beijing (China), and Texas (USA), for two demand profiles. The data used for the simulation was calculated using the mathematical solar model proposed by Beistow and Campbell for solar radiation. In contrast, for the wind resource evaluation, the Weibull probability distribution was used to calculate the most probable wind speed for each day, according to the historical data for each of the studied locations. Considering these data, the process transfer functions were used for tuning the control parameters for the hydrogen and oxygen production system. For the evaluation of the performance of these controllers, the indices of the absolute value of the error (IAE), the integral of the square of the error (ISE), the integral of the absolute value of the error for time (ITAE), and the integral of the square of the error for time (ITSE) were used. It was found that in the second load profile studied, better performance of the ITSE performance parameter was obtained, with stabilization times lower than those of the first profile.

An Efficient Reactive Power Dispatch Method for Hybrid Photovoltaic and Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Inverters in Utility Grids

The intermittent property and increased grid restrictions have become the most critical elements for increasing penetration levels of clean renewable energy sources (RESs). Smart inverters with combined RESs integration and reactive power support for utility grids have recently found widespread applications due to their techno-economic benefits. In smart inverters, the distribution-static compensator (DSTATCOM) functionality is inherently integrated to the RESs inverters. However, optimized reactive power-sharing between these inverters has become a big issue for the control systems of utility grids. There are numerous existing attempts presented in the literature for addressing these challenges, although they disadvantage low efficiency, uneven sharing, complex implementations, and/or costly added devices. Therefore, this paper proposes an efficient reactive power dispatch method between hybrid renewable energy generation and energy storage systems. The proposed method enhances the energy efficiency of the utility grid by adopting the reactive power share between interfacing inverters according to the estimated power losses. Besides, the proposed method enhances the reliability of smart inverters by relieving their thermal stresses through adopting their reactive power share according to the estimated power losses. The hybrid photovoltaic (PV) generation with superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems is selected as a case study for validating the new proposed reactive power dispatch method. The results, comprehensive discussions, and performance comparisons have verified the superior performance of the new proposed reactive power dispatch method.

Potential Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Self-Sufficient Residential Use in Germany and the Czech Republic

Independence from the power grid can be pursued by achieving total self-sufficient electricity supply. Such an energy supply model might be particularly interesting for settlements located in rural areas where enough space is available for energy generation installations. This article evaluates how and at what cost electricity demand of residential users across Germany and the Czech Republic could be covered by hybrid renewable energy generation systems consisting of photovoltaics, micro-generation wind turbines and batteries. High-resolution reanalysis data are used to calculate necessary system sizes over a large area by simultaneously accounting for the temporal variability of renewable energy. For every potential location in the research area, the hybrid system requirements for clusters of 50 self-sufficient single-family houses are calculated. The results indicate no general trend regarding the size of the respective technologies, although larger areas where PV-wind power complementarity enables lowering the total system costs and required storage capacities were determined. Assuming that the cluster of households could be constituted and depending on the location, the total installation and operation costs for the proposed systems for a lifetime of 20 years range between EUR 1.8 Million and EUR 5 Million without considering costs of financing. Regions with the lowest costs were identified mainly in the south of Germany.

Battery Charge Management for Hybrid PV/Wind/Fuel Cell with Storage Battery

Hybrid renewable electric energy generation system become essential to the most of electric networks and the stand-alone systems like the water pumping and telecommunication systems. The renewable sources usually required storage system due to change in the power outputs during the day. Due to increase in demand of using batteries, the charging process of battery system needed to be well managed through an adaptive controlled energy managing system. In this paper a standalone system using photovoltaic, wind generation, fuel cell and storage batteries are contributed in supplying the desired load and the charging balance of batteries is achieved by using AI techniques to enhance battery charging controller performance. The main goal of this paper is to design and implement an integrated smart artificial controller, this controller is responsible for controlling both the battery charge voltage using the boost converter and the other controller is to control the charging current of the battery through DC to DC converter using (ANFIS) and (GA) techniques. This study is implemented using MATLAB /Simulink and the results are presented to show the applicability and effieciency of the proposed technique.

Fractional-order PID controller design of frequency deviation in a hybrid renewable energy generation and storage system

Fractional-order PID controller design of frequency deviation in a hybrid renewable energy generation and storage system

Techno-economic Evaluation of Stand-alone Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Remote Village Using HOMER-pro Software

The off-grid hybrid renewable energy generation system has lesser cost of energy with higher reliability when compared with solar Photovoltaic (PV) or wind energy system individually. The optimization design is worked out by reducing the Unit Cost Of Energy (UCOE) for different case studies and comparing the outcomes obtained by the use of HOMER-Pro (hybrid optimization model of electric renewable) software. The optimal cash flow analysis of hybrid energy system is based on the load patterns is discussed, solar irradiance (kW/m2) of site at proper latitude and longitude, wind speed and price of diesel, which is collected from a remote village in Khurda District, Odisha in India. Moreover, the optimization and sensitivity results of the system are find out by varying the input parameters like solar radiation, wind speed etc.

Techno-Economic Evaluation of Stand-alone Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Remote Village Using HOMER-Pro Software

The off-grid hybrid renewable energy generation system has lesser cost of energy with higher reliability when compared with solar photovoltaic (PV) or wind energy system individually. The optimization design is worked out by reducing the unit cost of energy (UCOE) for different case studies and comparing the outcomes obtained by the use of HOMER-Pro (Hybrid Optimization Model of Electric Renewable) software. The optimal cash flow analysis of hybrid energy system is based on the load patterns is discussed, solar irradiance (kW/m2) of site at proper latitude and longitude, wind speed and price of diesel, which is collected from a remote village in Khurda District, Odisha in India. Moreover, the optimization and sensitivity results of the system are find out by varying the input parameters like solar radiation, wind speed etc.

Simulasi Sistem Hibrid Pembangkit Energi Surya, Angin, dan Generator Untuk Mengoptimalkan Pemanfaatan Daya Energi Terbarukan

Electrical energy crisis related to the increasing population in an area will increase the electrical energy customers. Besides diminishing reserves of fossil energy that is required of alternative energy from renewable energy sources. The problem is in incorporating a potential source of renewable energy with a generator needs power generation hybrid, the hybrid system with a generator as backup energy utilization is less than optimal because when there was a deficit power generator takes over all of the power wasted in renewable energy generation. The purpose of study is to produce a hybrid system design between the generation of solar energy, wind energy and generator as support (support) when the power deficit in energy of renewable generator. Research Method in the design of hybrid system is a design block diagram consisting of solar panels, wind turbines, inverters, and generator. At this stage it has produced research outputs in the form of models of hybrid renewable energy generation systems and generators, then make a circuit simulation and measurement. The results of this research is a hybrid system that works adaptive- connected the generator to the system when the power deficit or increase the load to provide power support on renewable energy generation. This hybrid system with a capacity of 3.5 kW less power than the previous system with the composition generator 5.7 kW 2.2 kW of renewable energy consists of a 1 kW solar panels, wind turbines 1.3 kW and 1.3 kW generator voltage at 310V DC bus coupling, the voltage on the bus coupling AC 220V / 50 Hz, total load current at 16A. The percentage utilization of renewable energy rose from 11.73% to 24,94% and generator utilization fell from 24.50% to 16.74%.

A controller model for integration of hybrid energy system into the grid

This paper introduces a controller model for the integration, of a wind system and photovoltaic system into the utility grid. The problem of integration of hybrid renewable energy based hybrid renewable energy generation system is that it relies heavily on weather conditions, PV and wind air speed. So, there is a necessity for developing control techniques for grid integration for such hybrid system, including a method for voltage and current control that stabilises the voltage and current. A PID control is developed in this work that is suitable for hybrid renewable energy system. Then, the system behaviour and performance are studied. For different weather conditions and fault condition systems, stability is also considered when there are change weather conditions in PV and air speed or a fault in the system. This paper advocates that the proposed PID controller gives a good performance. In this paper, solar energy is hybrid with wind energy. The developed MATLAB/SIMULINK design improves for integration of hybrid system performance and the results are presented.

Economic and Environmental Benefits of Optimized Hybrid Renewable Energy Generation Systems at Jeju National University, South Korea

In order to minimize the social and environmental concerns arising from the use of traditional energy resources such as fossil fuels and nuclear energy, the South Korean government has attempted to develop alternative energy resources. In particular, the large educational institutes and islands in South Korea—which have the motivation and potential to provide electrical services—are required to install renewable electricity generation facilities to reduce the burden on the local grid systems. With this trend, the current study investigates potential configurations of renewable electricity generation systems to supply the electrical demand of Jeju National University, located on the largest island in South Korea. The potential configurations suggested by the simulation results are evaluated by renewable fraction, cost of energy (COE), and total net present cost (NPC). The suggested configurations show a renewable fraction of 1.00 with COE of $0.356–$0.402 per kWh and NPC of $54,620,352–$51,795,040. Based on the results, both implications and limitations are examined.

A Hybrid Estimator for Active/Reactive Power Control of Single-Phase Distributed Generation Systems With Energy Storage

This paper presents a new active/reactive power closed-loop control system for a hybrid renewable energy generation system used for single-phase residential/commercial applications. The proposed active/reactive control method includes a hybrid estimator, which is able to quickly and accurately estimate the active/reactive power values. The proposed control system enables the hybrid renewable energy generation system to be able to perform real-time grid interconnection services such as active voltage regulation, active power control, and fault ride-through. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed closed-loop control system.

Optimal Design of Hybrid Power Generation System to Ensure Reliable Power Supply to the Health Center at Umm Jamal, Mafraq, Jordan

Remote areas are usually fed from generators that run on diesel. Recently, there is an increasing interest on hybrid renewable energy sources, especially wind and solar energies for their availability and competitive running cost in the Middle East region. The hybrid renewable energy generation systems usually have two or more different generation (or storage) sources of different types to secure a continuous supply for the electrical loads. The paper presents a case study of a remote health center which operates 24 hours a day, and shows the importance of relying on renewable energy systems. The system considered consists of Wind Turbine, Batteries, photovoltaic, and conventional diesel generator to feed a load variable at a rate of 55 kWh/day with 5.9 kW peak load. The study is based on real data of wind speed and solar radiation obtained from official authorities. The various available options are compared technically and economically using a HOMER software package. The optimal reliable system is selected and the capacity of the system components is specified.

風力・太陽光・バイオマスによるトリプルハイブリッド発電システムの開発研究

風力・太陽光・バイオマスによるトリプルハイブリッド発電システムの開発研究