Hybrid Energy Generation Research Articles

Hybrid Energy Generation System with Brushless Generators

Technical and economic problems are connected with the capacity extension of the grid to remote areas. The discovery and usage of interconnected power production using alternative power supply sources has been promoted. This article proposes a fulfillment with the use of Voltage Source Converter (VSC) and brushless generators with a standalone micro grid topology. With numerous Renewable Energy Sources (RES), including solar PV and wind the micro grid device is energized. However, to ensure the system's stability, a Diesel Generator (DG) collection and a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) are also used. The topology suggested has the benefit of less number of switches and easy power. The structure applied has been fixed as an AC supply by DG. The wind and PV sources are DC sources related to the VSC DC connection. At the DC connection, the BESS is often used to promote the instantaneous equilibrium of power under complex conditions. The VSC further has the potential to alleviate power quality challenges such as harmonics, voltage control and load balancing, in addition to system integration. To illustrate all the capabilities of the proposed method, a good range of Matlab/Simulink yield outcomes are conferred.

Investigating the Optimal DOD and Battery Technology for Hybrid Energy Generation Models in Cement Industry Using HOMER Pro

Investigating the Optimal DOD and Battery Technology for Hybrid Energy Generation Models in Cement Industry Using HOMER Pro

Hybrid Energy Generation System with Brushless Generators

With the capacity extension of the grid to remote areas. The discovery and usage of interconnected power production using alternative power supply sources has been promoted. This article proposes a fulfillment with the use of Voltage Source Converter (VSC) and brushless generators with a standalone micro grid topology. With numerous Renewable Energy Sources (RES), including solar PV and wind the micro grid device is energized. However, to ensure the system’s stability, a Diesel Generator (DG) collection and a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) are also used. The topology suggested has the benefit of less few switches and easy power. The structure applied has been fixed as an AC supply by DG. The wind and PV sources are DC sources related to the VSC DC connection. At the DC connection, the BESS is often used to promote the instantaneous equilibrium of power under complex conditions. The VSC further has the potential to alleviate power quality challenges such as harmonics, voltage control and load balancing, in addition to system integration. To illustrate all the capabilities of the proposed method, a good range of Mat lab/Simulink yield outcomes are conferred.

The hybrid power generation and balancing energy supply–demand for rural village in Ethiopia

AbstractEthiopia has a wide range of environmentally‐friendly, renewable energy resources that can assist the country to overcome its rural electricity problems. The Hybrid Optimization Model for Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) software package was used to evaluate the viability of solar, hydro and wind hybrid power generation for a remote community in Ethiopia's Geba catchment. The hydrologic, climatic and demographic data were used to analyze the community's electrical supply and demand. Using survey data from chosen residences, the community's hourly and daily electricity demands were calculated. Two or more schemes were investigated besides the standalone scheme to assess the hybrid system's capacity. Wind, micro‐hydro and solar can generate an average annual power of 96.8, 272.4 and 161.8 kW, respectively. A mix of energy sources can meet the community's electricity demand. During peak demand periods, however, the hybrid system's mean hourly variability in power production showed inadequacy, which could be remedied by power stored in the battery and generator output. The economic analysis showed that the hybrid system proposed here is less expensive, indicating that hybrid energy generation might be employed to electrify Ethiopia's remote settlements. We advise decision‐makers and power authorities to use hybrid systems for rural electrification.

A review of optimization techniques for hybrid renewable energy systems

ABSTRACT Solar photovoltaic and wind power systems are very much dependent on climate variations. Wind and solar photovoltaic systems are unreliable without storage units like batteries and diesel generators as a backup. The addition of storage devices increases the reliability of the hybrid system consisting of solar photovoltaic and wind turbines. During cloudy and slow windy days, sufficient battery bank capacity is required to meet the load demand. This review paper gives new ways of hybrid energy generation. It discusses several optimization approaches and ideas for hybrid networks. Hybrid systems are gaining more popularity and fame in the current energy crisis scenario and environmental pollution. This research has provided a comprehensive assessment of existing optimization strategies, particularly those associated with the isolated microgrid in the literature. Artificial intelligence offers noteworthy optimization for microgrid operation without long-term weather data, as evidenced by the current optimization pattern for hybrid renewable sources.

Feasibility Study of Performance Low Capacity Hybrid Energy Power Plant System in Remote Area

<p>The fossil energy utilization for electricity<br />generation is currently starting to be limited because it is predicted<br />that the availability of fossil energy for the next few decades will<br />run out. Renewable energy is an alternative energy that can be<br />used to generate electricity. Solar power plant is one of the<br />electrical energy generators with renewable energy sources that<br />have been widely used. Solar power plant is a Distributed<br />Generator that can be applied directly to consumers and it is very<br />suitable for use in remote areas which currently still use diesel as<br />a fuel for power generation. In this research, the design of a hybrid<br />power generation system between Soalr Energy and Wind will be<br />carried out to replace the use of diesel as a source of electricity<br />generation. After the generator design is done, then the<br />performance test of the hybrid system will be carried out in order<br />to see the feasibility of the design that has been made. From the<br />test results, the results of the Hybrid Energy Generator have<br />efficiencies ranging from 10-12% where this shows that the power<br />plant system is still said to be unable to work efficiently. The<br />average amount of energy produced from this Hybrid PLT system<br />is 1,304 kWh per day. Based on the results of the economic<br />feasibility analysis, that the use of the hybrid system is able to<br />produce savings of Rp. 1,700 – Rp. 2,100/kWh per day</p>

Thermal stabilization, energy, cost and life analyses of hybrid photovoltaic-phase change composite system - Part 1

Temperature rise across the photovoltaic (PV) panel is a serious challenge, drastically affecting the power and efficiency, degrading the life and enhancing the system cost. Addressing such challenges is highly important in order to curtail the rising energy crisis across the globe, especially in developing countries with hot climatic surroundings. Herein, a full hybrid energy generation power plant has been proposed, consisting of PV panel as a diurnal electricity producer, form-stabilized phase change composite (PCC) as a thermal stabilizer, thermoelectric generator (TE) panels as thermal energy convertor and biomass-gasification unit as a nocturnal heat provider. In the first phase, mathematical and numerical modeling has been carried out, providing the preliminary guidance on the temperature trends of PV-standalone panel, as well as of PV-PCC system via ANSYS FLUENT. In addition, PCC has been prepared and experimentally analyzed, obtaining the thermophysical data, as well as inferring the form-stability and thermal stability necessary to resolve the design challenges of PV-PCC system. By varying the thermal conductivity and thickness of PCC film at the backside of PV panel, the thermal stabilization of PV has been successfully tuned under the influence of surrounding temperatures. Also, the design parameters of the PCC enclosure have been concluded at the optimum thermal conductivity and thickness of PCC film. With PV-PCC hybrid system, the efficiency, electrical energy and lifespan have been enhanced by 16.9%, 17.1% and 3 years compared with PV-standalone panel, respectively. The total cost of the PV-PCC system is calculated to be $290. In the next phases, TE and gasification units are intended to be numerically analyzed, based on which the experimental setup for the whole hybrid power plant will be fabricated and validated through numerical results. This hybrid power plant is expected to be practically workable in the countryside regions of Pakistan where the climate is the hottest but electricity crisis remains on the peak.

Stochastic optimization approaches in solving energy scheduling problems under uncertainty

This paper focuses on evaluating the performances of various approaches to solve a day-ahead energy scheduling Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) cost minimization problem, with hybrid energy generation system consisting of solar photo voltaic (PV), waste to energy (WTE) and main grid. The system under consideration is a highly energy-intensive industrial facility that can be generalized to any industrial process regardless of the domain. Out of the three case studies considered in this paper, the first case study deals with adopting unsupervised machine learning approach to generate a reduced number of probabilistic scenarios of the uncertain parameters and implements the Here & Now and Wait & See algorithms to solve the resulting stochastic optimization problem. While the second case study directly collects and assumes a finite set of historical data of the uncertain parameters as scenarios, the third case study uses an evolutionary algorithm called Limited Evaluation Evolutionary Algorithm (LEEA) to solve the energy scheduling problem with associated constraints. Various performance metrics such as mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) are utilized to compare the performances of the various approaches presented through case studies. The values of these evaluation metrics showcased the enhanced performance of evolutionary algorithm based approach compared to the other two approaches.

OPTIMAL CONTROL STRATEGY OF POWER GENERATION IN MICROGRIDS

The paper presents an innovative optimal control strategy solution for an energy system that consists of combining thermal and electrical energy (Combining Heat and Power - CHP) with the interconnection of Renewable Energy Sources - RES, allowing efficient hybrid energy generation. The consumer's electricity and thermal energy needs are controlled by means of a dedicated microgrid system (MG). The optimization strategy was validated by controlling the HVAC system of a building and aims to satisfy two main objectives: i) minimizing the energy absorbed from the traditional electrical network and ii) guaranteeing acceptable thermal comfort conditions. The proposed demand response program is a parameterized feedback control strategy where the parameters depend on the thermal state of the building, but also on the occupancy pattern of the microgrid.

Interval Reliability Evaluation of a Hybrid Energy Generation System With Energy Storage

To deal with the uncertainties of wind power and load residing in the power supply reliability model, an interval reliability evaluation method is proposed by combining the wind power generation and energy storage system (ESS). Firstly, the interval power supply reliability evaluation model, which belongs to an interval mixed integer program (IMIP), is established based on the interval variables. Secondly, the IMIP model is transformed into the deterministic optimization model under two extreme circumstances by utilizing the possibility degree theory of interval numbers. The maximum power supply probability, considering the wind power interval to meet the load demand interval, is sought by optimizing outputs of the ESS and generators, i.e., the upper boundary of the load shedding is the smallest. Finally, the states of wind turbines and generators are generated based on sequential Monte Carlo simulation, and the reliability of the hybrid energy generation system is evaluated by calculating the loss of load expectation, expected energy not supplied, and maximum power supply probability, which provides a basis for establishing interval optimal allocation model of energy storage. IEEE RTS-24 test system is utilized to verify the performance of the proposed method, and the model is solved by the CPLEX 12.7 solver. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method.

State Transitions Logical Design for Hybrid Energy Generation with Renewable Energy Sources in LNG Ship

In terms of energy generation and consumption, ships are autonomous and isolated power systems with energy requirements related to the type and kind of power demands and according to ship types: passenger ships, or commercial ships. Power supply on ships is traditionally based on engines thermal generators, which use fossil fuels, diesel, or natural gas. Due to the continuous operation of thermal generators in ships, this ends up increasing polluting gas emissions for the environment, mainly CO2. A combination of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) with traditional ship thermal engines can reduce CO2 emissions, resulting in a ‘greener’ interaction between ships and the environment. Due to the varying power needs for ship operation, considering the varying nature of load demands during long distance travels and during harbor entry, the use of RES must be evaluated. This paper presents a new control method to balance LNG ship load demands and power generation from RES, based on an accurate model and solution in real conditions. The Energy Management System (EMS) is designed and implemented in a Finite State Machine structure using the logical design of state transitions. The results prove that the reduction of consumption of fossil fuels is feasible, and, if this is combined with RES, it reduces CO2 emissions.

A Unique Control Strategy and Power Management in Wind/Solar Renewable Energy Power System to Improve the Power Quality of Grid System

Hybrid energy generation which includes both wind and solar energy has grown exponentially in latest years, and this will continue. Power quality problems such as voltage-swells, voltage-sags, harmonic components, power factor, and inadequate voltage control are caused by intermittent various exposures and the incorporation of wind-turbine and Photo-voltaic power generating systems with the grid. A Static Compensator (STATCOM) is employed to enhance power-quality. The power quality enhancement method for grid-connected wind-turbine and photo voltaic power plants employing STATCOM is introduced in this paper. The framework of the proposed methodology describes in order to improve the transient voltage stability of the large-scale wind / solar hybrid system, the STATCOM reactive power compensation device is connected to the grid. The compensator is offered to further improve output parameters such as voltage THD, current THD and active power.

Scenarios, Financial Viability and Pathways of Localized Hybrid Energy Generation Systems around the United Kingdom

Decarbonisation is becoming a central aim of countries around the globe, ensuring the effects of climate change do not increase exponentially in the coming years. Renewable energy generation is at the core of this decarbonisation process, enabling economies to divorce themselves from a reliance on oil and coal. Hybrid energy systems can utilise multiple generation methods to supply electrical demand best. This paper investigates the use of localised hybrid energy systems around the UK, comparing the financial viability of solar, wind and hydrokinetic generation methods both as a hybrid system and individually in different scenarios. The significance of having localised hybrid energy systems is that they address two large problems within renewable energy generation, that of storage issues and also generating the electricity far away from where it is actually used, requiring extensive infrastructure. The microgrid optimisation software HOMER was used to simulate each of the generation methods alongside the national grid, including lithium ion batteries and converters to create a comprehensive hybrid system. Net Present Cost, which is the current value of all the costs of installing and operating the system over the project lifetime, was considered as the metric. The analysis finds that for each modelled location, wind turbines in combination with lithium ion batteries and a converter is the system with the lowest Net Present Cost, with the exception of Bristol, which also uses hydrokinetic turbines within the system. The findings indicate the extensive wind resources available within the UK, along with identifying that certain locations around the country also have very high potential for tidal power generation.

Modeling of a hybrid energy system, Photovoltaic and Generator (PV/GE) at the Higher Institute of Technology of Mamou, Guinea

This present work was carried out at the Energy Department of the Higher Institute of Technology of Mamou and at the Applied Energy Education and Research Laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences of the Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Guinea. Given the solar energy potential available to the continent, Hybrid Photovoltaic Power Systems and Generating Sets could constitute a suitable technological solution for the supply of electrical energy in isolated sites. This study led to the following results: average unfavorable solar irradiation in June (4.16 kWh/m2.d); the building's electrical load balance is 254760 Wh/d; the sizing of the photovoltaic field (the type of panels chosen Cip-60-270, the peak power of the PV field 59435.420 Wp, the number of panels 220 including 2 in series and 110 in parallel); the C4000-48 type inverter-chargers, 62 in number to achieve a power of 40 nickel-cadmium 1.2 V type accumulators in series in 140 batteries connected in parallel, the voltage drop in the cables is between 0.01 and 0.02. The electrical diagram of the installation is done.

Numerical assessment of a hybrid energy generation process and energy storage system based on alkaline fuel cell, solar energy and Stirling engine

Today, the use of alternative energy sources such as solar energy to provide the energy demand of human societies is inevitable. In addition, fuel cell systems generate electricity from the energy contained in the fuel. Meanwhile, clean energy-based hybrid energy systems can be a suitable solution for fossil fuels problems. However, for their widespread commercialization, more detailed and powerful studies are needed. On the other hand, in order to achieve sustainable development for the use of renewable energy sources due to their nature, energy storage is required. The aim of this paper is introduce and examine a new energy system operation based on fuel cell technology and solar energy. The novel energy conversion process proposed consisting of two sub-systems, the energy generation and energy storage sub-system. Power generation sub-system includes alkaline fuel cell (AFC), solar photovoltaic (PV) field and electrolyzer as well as Stirling engine and absorption chiller. The second sub-system considered in this paper is energy storage using pumped-hydro-compressed air system (PH-CA). The energy system operation is investigated and discussed under different operating conditions. Results revealed that for a 1 kWel AFC, the Stirling engine and absorption chiller produce 1.27 and 2.48 kW of electricity and cooling load, respectively. Moreover, the system efficiency is 63.8% and 73.01 kW of exergy is destroyed. It was also found that, up to 2.97 kWh of electricity can be stored by the PH-CA storage system. In such a context, the required storage system volume under considered process and conditions was 11.7 m3.

Synergetic enhancement of the energy harvesting performance in flexible hybrid generator driven by human body using thermoelectric and piezoelectric combine effects

Flexible thermoelectric-piezoelectric generator (f-TPEG) has emerged as the leading candidate to realize long-term biomedical monitoring-based ubiquitous healthcare services. We developed a f-TPEG composed of a piezoelectric (PE) poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) thin film and thermoelectric (TE) bismuth telluride-based alloy blocks. The surficial properties of TE and PE components of f-TPEG were thoroughly optimized to minimize the loss of output performance and enhance the mechanical stability. The f-TPEG harvested a maximum electric voltage of ~17 V and current signals of ~3.8μA at a temperature difference of 3 K by periodic bendings: The harvested output power of the fabricated hybrid energy generator was well integrated without sacrificing each PE and TE-based energy generation. In addition, to confirm the biological energy harvesting efficiency of the generator, we demonstrated the f-TPEG taped onto human fingers, which converts an output voltage of about 8 V and a current pulse of about 6 μA. The results obtained herein suggest that the f-TPEG would play a variety of important roles in wearable device, which needs long-term biomedical monitoring and applications in smart clothing.

PRELIMINARY EVALUATION TOOLS FOR WIND-PUMPED STORAGE ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEM

Energy demand never ceases to increase with larger cities, urbanization and migration to the cities. However, supplying the remaining and important rural areas with electricity remains costly. Exploring the off-grid energy generation is therefore a promising solution. After an exhaustive qualitative evaluation on different energy generation system, this study has chosen the Wind-Pumped Storage Hybrid (WPSH) system to be evaluated. A simulation tool was built to take the wind energy and convert it into pumping power to store water in a reservoir that will supply a hydro-turbine, generating electricity to a domestic area. A preliminary evaluation was done in Kajang for a selected day of July 20 2020. The result shows that the wind fluctuations and energy demand fluctuations affect the WPSH system’s capability to deliver sufficient energy through 24 hours. During the day, the amount of water accumulated in the reservoir is insufficient to meet the energy demand. It is only after 7.00 p.m that the system will be able to meet the demand and reserve a surplus of water in the reservoir.Keywords: renewable energy, wind-pumped storage, hybrid energy generation, wind power, evaluation tools

Optimization of Energy Storage in Hybrid Wind and Photovoltaic Energy Systems

Возобновляемые источники энергии играют незаменимую роль в отдаленных районах, где электросеть недоступна. Гибридная система, предлагаемая в этой статье, включает в себя два возобновляемых источника энергии, а именно: фотоэлектрические системы, ветряные турбины. Комбинация этих энергий для удовлетворения требований к нагрузке с надежным, экономичным и устойчивым энергоснабжением считается критической проблемой. Гибридные системы считаются наиболее прагматичным решением для удаленных районов за пределами сети.Предлагается новый метод определения оптимального размера накопления энергии в фотоэлектрических и ветряных гибридных системах генерации энергии. Эти компоненты размещены в схеме из трех блоков для прогнозирования, измерения и распределения (управления) потоками мощности во всей системе для удовлетворения требований стороны спроса. Данные о мощности электрической нагрузки, мощности солнечного излучения, температуре окружающей среды, скорости ветра и других погодных условиях должны прогнозироваться с высокой точностью. Алгоритм определения оптимального размера разработан на основе данных прогнозирования, ограничений, соотношения величин во всей системе и способности заряжать/разряжать энергию накопления. Оптимальный размер в этом исследовании помогает переупорядочить диаграммы нагрузки, которые полностью компенсируют дефицит энергии на этапах с высоким и средним уровнями цен.Данный подход может быть применен на каждой шине, чтобы уменьшить стоимость покупки электричества от электрической системы. Новое предложение иллюстрируется результатами моделирования в тематическом исследовании, проведенном в MATLAB 2019a.

Hybrid Charging System Management With Automatic Switching Method

Abstract— Hybrid energy generation is a renewable energy power plant with more efficiency and advantages than a stand-alone generator. Using 2 generators for battry storage can speed up the charging of energy to the battery but in the battery charging system, there is still wasted energy and an uncontrolled Charging and Discharging system on the battery resulting in a short battery life. Therefore we need a tool to control the Charging and Discharging performance of the battery in order to optimize battery charging thereby extending battery life.Automatic Switching System is an innovation of Charging and Discharging activity management so that it does not occur simultaneously on the battery, this process is carried out by a microcontroller. The use of 2 DC power sources as a charging source helps speed up battery charging for 30 minutes faster than 1 source. Through several modes provided, this tool can select sources and batteries that can be used as a condition for Charging and Discharging.

Artificial Intelligence Assisted Dynamic Control of Environmental Emissions From Hybrid Energy Process Plants (HEPP)

A model digital data processing platform is proposed based on “deep-learning” methodology that can be used to identify the emissions patterns from process plants with hybrid energy recovery and energy generation facilities. The non-invasive dynamic monitoring and correlation of particulate, VOCs and other greenhouse gas emissions from semi-batch and continuous process plants is demonstrated with use of neural encoding and pattern recognition using a multi-layer perceptron and multi-stack encoder configuration. A multi-layer environmental perceptron (MLEP) is developed based on the above analyses that aims to detect patterns of emission types, rates and concentrations as a function of variation of plant operational conditions and process variables. As a further consequence, environmental impact assessment is considered within the hazards and process safety frameworks that conventionally issue sanctions and penalize non-compliance with imposition of environmental levy scales rather than offering process improvement incentives. The latter is demonstrated to be possible by facilitating dynamic corrective action and hazard prevention using MLEP platforms should emission ceilings be frequently and/or periodically exceeded in 24/7 continuous plant operations. Potential applications of the multi-layer environmental perceptron (MLEP) are illustrated in the context of dynamic emissions control and abatement in hybrid energy process plants (HEPP) and combined power plants using process-integrated CO2 capture and storage schemes.