Hyaline Substance Research Articles

The nonelastic nature of pingueculas.

A pinguecula is a yellowish-white fluorescent mass situated over the sclera on one or both sides of the cornea. Its pathogenesis is far from clear, but it appears to be determined genetically and to assume tumorous proportions only in middle life or later. Histologically pingueculas vary from masses of amorphous hyaline substance to masses of coiled and fragmented tissue that simulate pathologic elastic tissue elsewhere (e.g., pseudoxanthoma elasticum 1 ), but they are unlike any tissue occurring normally about the eye. This amorphous and fragmented tissue stains regularly with orcein and resorcinol fuchsin dyes or by Verhoeff's method, whence it is called (degenerated) elastic tissue. It does not stain with Sudan and is variably colored by basic and acidic stains. In 1949 Balo and Banga 2 described a nonproteolytic enzyme derived from pancreas which had the specific property of solubilizing elastic fibers. This enzyme, which is active on fresh or

FAMILIAL CONGENITAL MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY WITH GONADAL DYSGENESIS

Abstract In the medical department, Hammerfest Hospital, seven individuals in one family were observed, suffering from cataract and generalized weakness in the striated musculature. Five of the patients were under ten years of age. The two eldest ones were sister and brother, 22 and 26 years of age, respectively. The woman could hardly walk even with support. She had clinical signs of ovarian agenesis, increased urinary excretion of gonadotrophic hormones, and high tolerance to insulin. The diagnosis was verified by laparotomy demonstrating thin, white, fibrous ovaries and infantile internal genitalia. The brother could hardly walk, had fairly long extremities, cubitus valgus, and widely separated nipples. The pubic hair presented a feminine appearance and the testicles were infantile and soft. No increase in urinary gonadotrophic hormones were found. The amount of neutral 17-ketosteroids was low and the output of oestrogens increased in urine. The histological examination of testicular tissue showed a thick, fibrous capsule and scanty testicular canals with a few Sertolian cells. Most of the preparation, however, merely consisted of a hyaline substance. In the vascular stroma were seen large heaps of Leydig cells, similar to what is seen in Klinefelter's syndrome. The ovarian agenesis may either have been caused by a virus infection during early embryonic life or be due to heredity. The latter suggestion is supported by the presentation of two sibs with ovarian agenesis and Klinefelter's syndrome.

Mechanical Isolation of Glomeruli from Human Kidneys and of Hyaline Substance from Glomeruli with Kimmelstiel‐Wilson Changes.1

Acta Medica ScandinavicaVolume 159, Issue 5 p. 369-373 Mechanical Isolation of Glomeruli from Human Kidneys and of Hyaline Substance from Glomeruli with Kimmelstiel-Wilson Changes.1 NILS TÖRNBLOM M.D., NILS TÖRNBLOM M.D. Medical Clinic (Professor E. Ask-Upmark, M. D.) and the Central Laboratory (Professor A. Grönwall, M. D.), University Hospital, Upsala, Sweden.Search for more papers by this author NILS TÖRNBLOM M.D., NILS TÖRNBLOM M.D. Medical Clinic (Professor E. Ask-Upmark, M. D.) and the Central Laboratory (Professor A. Grönwall, M. D.), University Hospital, Upsala, Sweden.Search for more papers by this author First published: January/December 1957 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1957.tb00143.xCitations: 6 1 This study was aided by grants from the Swedish Insurance Companies' Council for Medical Research, from King Gustavus the V's Eightieth Anniversary Commemorial Foundation, the Swedish League against Diabetes, and from the Scandinavian Insulin Foundation, Copenhagen. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume159, Issue5January/December 1957Pages 369-373 RelatedInformation

Amyloidosis; report of an unusual case.

AMYLOIDOSIS is a condition where there is deposition of a hyaline-like substance, apparently of protein nature but reacting like starch to iodine and sulfuric acid. It commonly involves the mesodermal tissues. It is seen grossly as a structureless translucent material which transmits the color of the underlying tissue and microscopically as a hyaline substance which accumulates between parenchymatous cells and in the connective tissue. We are reporting a case because of the unusually localized tumor-like nodule found at the base of the tongue. This is in contrast to the usual diffuse nature of amyloidosis, which gives the tongue a uniform enlargement. There is difficulty in the differential diagnosis from other granuloma-like lesions. Four varieties of amyloidosis are commonly recognized, according to the classification first proposed by Reimann, Koucky, and Eklund.1 1. Secondary amyloidosis is the commonest form and is associated with long-standing infections of destructive nature, such as tuberculosis

On the Traumatic Osteogenic Sarcoma following Occupational Injury

We experienced a case of osteogenic sarcoma judged presumably secondary to the occupational injury.The patient, a workman 21 years old, had got a severe bruise on the medialanterior aspect of the lower left femur, on Nov. 1, 1951, when working, and pain, swelling and dysfunction had occussed subsequently.The pain had been so much increasing in severity that he came to receive our medical examination on Feb. 1, 1952, Examination showed the pain and the limitation of motion in the left knee joint. There was a palpable swelling of bony-hardness adherent to the bone in the deep of the part concerned.The roentgenogram revealed a translecent periosteal shadow above internal condyle of the femur. In the follow-up x-ray study was seen a enlarged tumor with more definite contour.On Mar. 6, the lesion proved, on open biopsy, to be osteogenic sarcoma, histopathologically. Therefore, deep roentgen therapy was first administered in amount of 150r. each, the total being 750r. Subsequent to this therapy, “Nitromin” (Nitrogen Mustard-N-oxide) was given intravenously in 50mg doses every other day, with the total of 500mg. Then, amputation was performed through the middle of the left femur.No appreciable reaction to the drug in blood picture, but marked loss of appetite and lassitude were complained of.Following the administration of “Nitromin”, there occurred much variation in the histopathologic appearance, compared with the biopsy specimen taken before the therapy. In the majority of tumor cells, degenerations were striking, both in the nuclei and in the cytoplasms. The karyolysis and cytolysis were also common finding. The tumor cells were seen dispersed in a more disorderly fashion, and remarkably decreased in number, presenting the appearance of homogeneous hyaline substance among these cells.Thus, Nitrogen Mustard is in efficacy and decreased in toxicity, in its N-oxide form.In the review of this case, being agreeable to the criteria described by Thiem or Segond after careful evaluation, the evidence for trauma as a pathogenic factor seems to be convincing.In our opinion, Workmens' compensation may be awarded for this case. It is thought advisable to make the unbaseded provision how it is handled, based on the sound clinical and statistical evaluation. The problems presented are difficult, but we trust these thought may be of some assistance.

Experimental Study on Nephritis : Experimental Hypertension with Kidney-Phosphatide

(III) The histological changes of Kidney were not so diffuse, but 1 found in experimental rabbits edema, dilatation, increase of nuclei and decrease of leucocytes in glomeruli, exsudation of hyaline substance into Bowman's capsular space, small round cell infiltration surrounding vasa afferens and glomeruli. Some of the interlobular arteries showed the swelling and proliferation of endothelial cells to obliterate almost those lumen and strong perivascular infiltration of small round cells. In control rabbits any change was not observerd. With respect to the heart, an interstitial infiltration of cells, especially plasma cells was observed principally in right ventricles and moreover perivasculitis of arterioles.

Reversibility of Hyalinization in the Mouse Uterus Produced by Injections of Estrogen, and the Changes in the Mammary Gland and Ovaries after Cessation of Injections

In former investigations (1) we observed the deposition of a hyaline substance in the connective tissue of the uterine mucosa and muscularis of mice injected with large doses of estrogen for a period of two months or longer. This hyaline material acted in certain respects like a foreign body, in some instances causing the formation of epithelioid and small giant cells which helped in its absorption as well as in its invasion and replacement by connective tissue. Absorption was accompanied or followed, however, by the deposition of new hyaline, and in this way the abnormal condition of the uterine connective-tissue stroma and muscularis was perpetuated. There was evident a tendency of the hyaline to persist, especially at the borderlines separating different structures, such as blood vessels and glands, from the surrounding stroma. In the uterine cervix conditions were similar to those observed in the uterus, but in certain parts of the vagina, especially around the vaginal folds and between folds and cervix, a rarefaction of the tissue took place, apparently due to the occurrence of liquefaction processes in the hyaline material or to its deposition in a diluted form. As to the chemical nature of the substance deposited in the uterus, cervix, and vagina, the reactions for amyloid were negative; on the other hand, it stained strongly with eosin. In further tests it was found to stain red with Van Gieson stain and strongly blue with Mallory's connective-tissue stain. It did not take Weigert's stain for fibrin. In these reactions the behavior of the hyaline substances deposited in the uterus and in certain parts of the cervix and vagina of the mouse following injections of large doses of estrogen is identical with that of collagen.

On the coherence of the blastomeres of sea urchin eggs.

1. The formation of the hyaline substance is prevented by the action of a solution of non-electrolyte. 2. Cell division does not depend upon the presence of hyaline substance or a hyaline layer. 3. The cell bridges arise independently of the hyaline layer. 4. The size and tensile strength of the cell bridges depend upon the concentration of calcium-ion. 5. Although both the hyaline layer and the cell bridges are affected in the same fashion by the lack of calcium-ion, they react differently to a medium slightly hypertonic.

HYALINE DEGENERATION IN DEMENTIA PARALYTICA

In rare cases of dementia paralytica an interesting phenomenon has been observed. Here and there, scattered through the brain stem but chiefly in the gray matter of the cortex, a homogeneous, translucent, tough and cartilaginous substance has been found. It varies from microscopic deposits to clumps many centimeters in diameter and gives the staining reactions of hyaline. It is found exclusively in cases of dementia paralytica, the nonparetic early cases referred to by Alzheimer having had ill founded pathologic diagnoses. This striking condition was first systematically described by Alzheimer1in 1898. In his admirable presentation, he also reviewed the preexisting literature, which was scanty and unequal in quality. Since that time there have been approximately a dozen publications on the subject, dealing invariably with cases of neurosyphilis. Without exception these have been carefully and excellently worked out. The problems involved were as to the nature of the hyaline substance

A PURE STRAIN OF CARTILAGE CELLS IN VITRO

1. A strain of cartilage cells, obtained from the pars cartilago sclerae of the eye of chick embryos, has been cultivated for more than 3 months in vitro. 2. The initial growth of the cartilage was possible only on the free surface of the coagulum. 3. The hyaline substance disappeared during cultivation in vitro. The succeeding stages of a transformation from small, lymphocyte-like cells into large, spindle-shaped cells were observed. The cartilage cells were spindle-shaped and grew in close contact, forming thin membranes. In surface-grown cartilage cells, the nucleus, usually containing one large nucleolus, stained less deeply than the cytoplasm. 4. The rate of growth of cartilage was slower than that of fibroblasts and epithelium. After cultivation on the surface of the coagulum, the cartilage cells could multiply even when embedded in the coagulum. But their growth was less extensive and uniform.

STUDIES ON THE ENDOCRINE GLANDS:—II.: THE RELATIONS OF THE PITUITARY BODY WITH THE THYROID AND PARATHYROID AND CERTAIN OTHER ENDOCRINE ORGANS IN THE RAT

The effects of thyroidectomy—which was only partial, since it was desired to leave the parathyroids in situ—have been to cause changes in the pituitary consisting in the accumulation of colloid between the cells of the pars anterior, such as has been described by previous investigators, and an especial development of oxyphil cells, as well as the appearance of many swollen—possibly degenerating—cells, some of which are seen to surround clear vesicles. In the case described there was a cyst‐like expansion of the intraglandular cleft in the pars anterior, but whether the result of the thyroidectomy or not, cannot be stated. The pars intermedia was thickened, and contained many vesicles, surrounded by cells, and occupied by masses of hyaline substance. These vesicles extend here and there into the pars nervosa.The chief effect of partial parathyroidectomy was to produce an œdematous condition of all parts of the pituitary. Oxyphil cells appeared more abundantly than usual in the pars anterior, but there were no such striking changes in the gland as are caused by thyroidectomy.