The influence of various tree species of forest plantations on the soil properties of the “Kamenno-Stepnoye Experimental Forestry” (Talovsky District, Voronezh Region, Russia) is considered. The aim of the study is to reveal the degree of transformation of the properties of chernozems under various perennial plantations, since forest reclamation is the most important measure to optimize the agroecological state of soils. The researchers note that different tree species have different effects on soil properties. However, this issue is still insufficiently studied and relevant. The research results showed the positive role of tree species on the structural and aggregate state of soils and their water-physical properties. It was found that tree species contribute to the optimization of soil density, humus and moisture reserves. It was revealed that the influence of different tree species on the agroecological state of chernozems is not the same. Thus, under larch (Larix siberica Ldb.) And maple (Acer platanoides L.), the maximum increase in the level of soil humus was observed, as well as a significant improvement in the physical and water-physical properties of soils. What makes this breed the most promising for use in soil protection of the steppe zone.