Personality Research Articles

Artificial Intelligence and an Anthropological Ethics of Work: Implications on the Social Teaching of the Church

It is the contention of this paper that ethics of work ought to be anthropological, and artificial intelligence (AI) research and development, which is the focus of work today, should be anthropological, that is, human-centered. This paper discusses the philosophical and theological implications of the development of AI research on the intrinsic nature of work and the nature of the human person. AI research and the implications of its development and advancement, being a relatively new phenomenon, have not been comprehensively interrogated in the social and ethical teachings of the Catholic Church. This paper, therefore, proposes a path for this interrogation by expounding a discourse which is believed to be epistemically helpful in the developing discourse of AI in the ethical and social teachings of the Church. The advancement in the research on AI is not only redefining the meaning of work, but, even more so, it is questioning the metaphysical notion of the human person and the theological notion of work as an intrinsic part in the selfhood and dignity of the human person.

Teknik dan Prosedur Analisis Mimpi, Transferensi, dan Resistensi dalam Bingkai Teori Konseling Psikoanalisis

The psychoanalysis theory is a theory which is an attempt to explain the nature and development of the human personality. The theory assumes that personalities develop when there are conflicts of these psychological aspects, which generally occur in children or younger age, psychoanalysis has much to offer for education. Some of the techniques employed in this psychoanalytic sigmund Freud theory include dream analysis, analysis and interpretation of transference and analysis and interpretation of resistance. The goal of analyzing Sigmund Freud's theory is to help us learn about the techniques used in psychoanalysis counseling. The results of this study include (1) understanding psychoanalysis counseling, (2) purposes of psychoanalysis counseling, (3) dream analysis techniques, (4) transference analysis and interpretation, (5) analysis and interpretation of resistance, (6) the merits and deficiency of psychoanalysis counseling.

Preparation of Young People for Confirmation: A Pauline Perspective

Many modern programmes of preparation of young people for confirmation are based on theological models which are correct in theory but ineffective in practice. They often assume that young people come to know the Holy Spirit through catechesis based on Scripture. This article demonstrates that a much better way of preparing young people for confirmation can be found in the genuine letters of Paul the Apostle. He showed that the presence of the Holy Spirit in a human person is not merely a matter of belief, but it can also be experienced in a reliable way, which is not limited to charismatic phenomena. This way is based on the discovery of a number of virtues in young people’s hearts, which are quite unexpected in the context of their human egoism, laziness, etc. For this reason, they must be regarded as the fruit of the Spirit, who broadens human hearts to love and to serve the poor. In this way, young people may also discover Christ – as the one who humbled himself to serve not his social status but people in need.

GENDER STEREOTYPES IN SPORTS DISCOURSE

The article is devoted to the study of gender stereotypes in sports discourse. Despite the fact that institutional analysisas already penetrated gender studies, there are very few studies devoted to such a truly ”masculine” activity as professional sports. This determines the relevance of the topic of this work. Sport as a social institution is an ideal opportunity to study male and female stereotypes. Gender stereotypes permeate every aspect of human personality and appearance, and dictate how men and women should act, think and behave. Gender embodies a pattern of relations that evolves over time to define masculinity and femininity, structuring and regulating people’s relation to society. Gender stereotypes are especially clearly visible in professional sports. Professional sports s seen as an activity in which the differences between males and females are manifested, as well as the dominance of the former over the latter. The study was conducted on the material of sports press in the period from 2018–2023.

THE IMAGE OF GOD IN THE HUMAN BEING OR THE IDENTITY OF MAN AS A PERSON

Man by his being is par excellence a dynamic organism, towards the eternal. Man is fundamentally penetrated by the mystery of love that pushes people from the inside towards a natural communion, which reveals the personal and conscious existence in time and space, incorporated in an indissociable psychosomatic unit, with immeasurable psychic depth; free, master, rational, creator of holiness (man sanctifies the place), knower, etc. These are the attributes that eloquently reveal the true constitution of man. The eternal value of the human person, the uniqueness of his being realized through the unity of contrasts that man represents as body and soul, shows that the person is not brought into the world by God in isolation, as a uniform abstract achievement, separated from nature, from being. The person presents himself in the complex context of the bonds of love and care manifested towards himself and towards other persons different from him, but who share the same common nature in which the divine presence mysteriously dwells

DLEmotion: Deep learning-based emotion classification using visual attention location information

The correct recognition of each person's emotion can be an important step in knowing mental states and reactions. Because of the complexities of human personality, this is a difficult task and providing a method that can classify emotions with high accuracy can be useful. The purpose of doing this work is to provide a suitable method for recognizing emotions in human subjects. In other words, in this research the aim is to analyze eye tracking data using deep learning approaches and for this purpose, deep neural networks are used to classify fixations in different emotional states. The eye data of 10 women and 7 men who watched 79 emotional images are first collected. In this way, for each fixation point obtained from the subjects, a patch of 80 x 80 pixels was selected from the images and we used these patches of the obtained image as the input to the deep neural networks. The images shown to the subjects have three basic dimensions of emotion, i.e. Valence, Arousal and Dominance. Data classification was done by transfer learning and using Xception, InceptionV3 and DenseNet201 deep neural networks whose weights were trained on ImageNet datasets. We used these three neural networks in our work because they have relatively equal number of parameters and will help us in better analysis of the obtained results. In general, the results show that the points obtained from subjects' fixations location on images with three basic dimensions of emotion can be used to classify emotions. We will also see that changing the size of the patches obtained from the subject's fixation will not have much effect on the test results, which shows that deep neural networks are a powerful and accurate tool for processing people's eye fixation points.

The Personality Dimensions GPT-3 Expresses During Human-Chatbot Interactions

Large language models such as GPT-3 and ChatGPT can mimic human-to-human conversation with unprecedented fidelity, which enables many applications such as conversational agents for education and non-player characters in video games. In this work, we investigate the underlying personality structure that a GPT-3-based chatbot expresses during conversations with a human. We conducted a user study to collect 147 chatbot personality descriptors from 86 participants while they interacted with the GPT-3-based chatbot for three weeks. Then, 425 new participants rated the 147 personality descriptors in an online survey. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis on the collected descriptors and show that, though overlapping, human personality models do not fully transfer to the chatbot's personality as perceived by humans. We also show that the perceived personality is significantly different from that of virtual personal assistants, where users focus rather on serviceability and functionality. We discuss the implications of ever-evolving large language models and the change they affect in users' perception of agent personalities.

ADVANCED SHOPLIFTING PREVENTION AND ALERT STSYEM

Detecting human beings accurately in a visual surveillance system is crucial for diverse application areas including abnormal event detection, human gait characterization, congestion analysis, person identification, gender classification and fall detection for elderly people. The first step of the detection process is to detect an object which is in motion. Object detection could be performed using YOLOv7, optical flow and spatio-temporal filtering techniques. Once detected, a moving object could be classified as a human being using shape-based, texture-based or motion-based features. A comprehensive review with comparisons on available techniques for detecting human beings in surveillance videos is presented in this paper. The characteristics of few benchmark datasets as well as the future research directions on human detection have also been discussed. We can use camera for Human Motion Detection. The Camera is used to catch the live images of the area in which it is being implemented, if any object is moving. The captured images are stored for further work. If motion is found in this video, the computer will start recording, buzz an alarm and send SMS to people listed in its database. In this way the system will provide the security against any misdeed. Keywords: YOLOv7, SMS, E-mail, CCTV, SMTP, RFID

Do Not Risk Homicide: Abortion After 10 Weeks Gestation.

When an abortion is performed, someone dies. Are we killing a human person? Widespread disagreement exists. However, it is not necessary to establish personhood in order to establish the wrongness of abortion: a substantial chance of personhood is enough. We defend The Do Not Risk Homicide Argument: abortions are wrong after 10 weeks gestation because they substantially and unjustifiably risk homicide, the unjust killing of a human person. Why 10 weeks? Because the cumulative evidence establishes a substantial chance (a more than one in five chance) that preborn human beings are persons after 10 weeks (if not before then). We submit evidence from our bad track record, widespread disagreement about personhood (after 10 weeks gestation), problems with theories of personhood, the similarity between preborn human beings and premature newborns, miscalculations of gestational age, and the common intuitive responses of women to their pregnancies and miscarriages. Our argument is cogent because it bypasses the stalemate over preborn personhood and rests on common ground rather than contentious metaphysics. It also strongly suggests that society must do more to protect preborn human beings. We briefly discuss its practical implications for fetal pain relief, social policy, and abortion law.

Personalideer: A comprehensive review of personality studies in cervids

Understanding animal personality, that is, consistent behavioural variation among individuals, is essential for elucidating the evolutionary origins of human personality. Despite extensive research on personality in diverse taxa, its significance in deer (i.e. cervids, family Cervidae), a taxon with diverse socioecological strategies, remains largely unexplored. This review summarizes the deer personality literature and highlights the knowledge gap in the studied species, personality assessment methods and traits, the general goal of the study, and implications for human personality research. We identified 32 eligible studies on seven species of deer, representing only a small portion of existing deer taxonomic diversity. More than half of the articles focused on three common deer species, roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus), fallow der ( Dama dama), and elk ( Cervus canadensis). Most studies evaluated reactions to capture, handling, and approaching humans, interpreting these behaviours as ‘Boldness’ or a ‘Coping style’. Also, most articles investigated the personality links to ecological variables, followed by physiological measures, and management applications. We advise researchers to move beyond measuring single traits and adopt a multitrait–multimethod approach, as is common in human personality research. Finally, deer and other animal models might be viable alternatives for studying adaptive value and genetic and environmental underpinnings of personality when research on humans is complicated.

The image of a human in the poetry of Abai Qunanbaiuly (1845-1904) and Ahmed Shawqi (1868-1932)

Relevance. The relevance of this study is conditioned by the importance of the variety of factors in the field of studying human nature and the concepts surrounding personality. Many researchers, working not only for the benefit of the literary world like Abai Qunanbaiuly and Ahmed Shawqi but also in the interests of philosophy, psychology, sociology, and many other sciences, put the phenomenon of human personality and identity at the centre of their studies. Purpose. The main purpose of the study is to analyse the image of a person in the poetry of two authors who worked on the same fundamental moral axes � Abai Qunanbaiuly and Ahmed Shawqi. Methodology. Research methods within the framework of this study were the ones that are basic for literary review. These include the analysis of poetic works, which reveals all the necessary categories, a historical method that allows getting acquainted with the specific features of the region of residence of poets or their historical homeland. Moreover, the psychological method was necessary for a more personal and deep acquaintance. Results. Abai Qunanbaiuly and Ahmed Shawqi both portrayed complex, flawed human characters in their poetry, emphasizing freedom, courage, and tolerance. They transcended cultural boundaries, blending regional heritage with European influences. Qunanbaiuly promoted progressive ideas like women's rights, while Shawqi combined simple language with emotionally rich depictions. Conclusions. Their nuanced portrayals of human nature continue to resonate globally, offering enduring insights into philosophical and psychological aspects of the human condition. Their work demonstrates lasting literary and cultural significance beyond their immediate contexts. Keywords: poetry; comparative approach; Abai Qunanbaiuly; Ahmed Shawqi; human image; literary creativity

The fate of the myth of Narcissus

The report attempts to psychoanalyze the Myth of Narcissus. Some contradictions of the modern concept of narcissism and how narcissism is presented from the point of view of the economy of mental processes are shown. The report correlates some of the theses of the myth with the narcissistic perso nality structure.

INKLUSIVITAS SEBAGAI PERWUJUDAN MARTABAT MANUSIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF ETIS FRATELLI TUTTI

Inclusivity is a principal value in togetherness which is currently being eroded by the emergence of narrow nationalism accompanied by fanaticism spreading in various corners of the world. Many countries build fortresses to separate themselves from others because of excessive suspicion of others. Furthermore, religions have been inseparable from the strongholds that increasingly separated one from the other. This phenomenon received exceptional attention from Pope Francis in the Fratelli Tutti encyclical which was written in loving language to encourage fraternity. One of the frequently appearing keywords in this encyclical is human dignity or dignity of the human person. How did Pope Francis talk about the inclusivity in Fratelli Tutti concerning human dignity? Through qualitative method using literature analysis techniques, the authors answered this main question from Fratelli Tutti’s ethical perspective through three focal inquiries, i.e., Fratelli Tutti, inclusivity, and human dignity. The novelty of this research lies in the analysis that seeks the comprehensive relationship between inclusivity and human dignity to conceptual thinking enrichment.

Does Fantastic Reality Ability Differ Across Personality Prototypes?

Human personality is based on five fundamental traits, and these traits appear to cluster in three different prototypes (i.e., resilient, undercontrolled, and overcontrolled prototypes). A growing body of research suggests that persons with these prototypes differ in mental health and well-being. We set out to identify if clusters differ in the use of imagination to cope with stress and uncertainty (i.e., Fantastic Reality Ability). For this study, we recruited 398 Israeli adults during the second COVID-19 lockdown, before the vaccine was available; participants were recruited and provided responses online including the FRAME (i.e., Fantastic Reality Ability Measurement). Cluster analyses indicate Israeli participants present with three distinct personality clusters or prototypes similar to research conducted in North America and Europe. Clusters significantly differ in FRA abilities (i.e., control, playfulness, coping, transcendence). That is, the resilient prototype reported higher control, playfulness and coping, and lower transcendence compared to the over- and undercontrolled. Future research should examine FRA in psychotherapy to further understand the clinical utility of this individual difference over time.

Personality, Perceived Risk and Travel Intention after The COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case Study in a Bali Resort Village of Canggu

This study aims to determine the influence of human personality and perceived risk on the travel intention of domestic tourists to Canggu, Bali. This research is motivated by the limitations of the previous studies in examining the factors that influence travel intention, especially aspects related to human behavior. This is especially essential for reviving tourism business after the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is based on a survey on domestic tourists who had, are currently, and will be traveling to the resort village of Canggu in Bali. The sample collection method in this study is by using a questionnaire distributed online and offline. The author uses the theory of Hair et al. to determine the minimum number of samples and get 299 respondents in the field. This study uses the Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis technique to analyze all the data that has been collected. This study found that all major personal characters, namely openness, consciousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism, positively affect the intention of visiting domestic tourists to Canggu. In contrast, the perceived risk has a negative effect on the intention of visiting tourists to Canggu. This research encourages managers of tourist destinations in Canggu to consider various personal charaters, perceived risks and travel intentions above in designing marketing strategies and destination development.

Analysis of the benefits of artificial intelligence and human personality study on online fraud detection

Purpose Technology advancement has changed how banks operate. Modernizing technology has, on the one hand, made it simpler for banks to do their daily business, but it has also increased cyberattacks. The purpose of the study is to to determine the factors that have the most effects on online fraud detection and to evaluate the advantages of AI and human psychology research in preventing online transaction fraud. Artificial intelligence has been used to create new techniques for both detecting and preventing cybercrimes. Fraud has also been facilitated in some organizations via employee participation. Design/methodology/approach The main objective of the research approach is to guide the researcher at every stage to realize the main objectives of the study. This quantitative study used a survey-based methodology. Because it allows for both unbiased analysis of the relationship between components and prediction, a quantitative approach was adopted. The study of the body of literature, the design of research questions and the development of instruments and procedures for data collection, analysis and modeling are all part of the research process. The study evaluated the data using Matlab and a structured model analysis method. For reliability analysis and descriptive statistics, IBM SPSS Statistics was used. Reliability and validity were assessed using the measurement model, and the postulated relationship was investigated using the structural model. Findings There is a risk in scaling at a fast pace, 3D secure is used payer authentication has a maximum mean of 3.830 with SD of 0.7587 and 0.7638, and (CE2). Originality/value This study focused on investigating the benefits of artificial intelligence and human personality study in online transaction fraud and to determine the factors that affect something most strongly on online fraud detection. Artificial intelligence and human personality in the Indian banking industry have been emphasized by the current research. The study revealed the benefits of artificial intelligence and human personality like awareness, subjective norms, faster and more efficient detection and cost-effectiveness significantly impact (accept) online fraud detection in the Indian banking industry. Also, security measures and better prediction do not significantly impact (reject) online fraud detection in the Indian banking industry.

Persons in a posthuman world

Persons in a posthuman world

A Common World is Possible: Maritain, Pope Francis and the Future of Global Governance

From planetary climate change to the COVID pandemic, the human family is faced with urgent challenges that transcend the borders of the traditional nation state. Here, the Catholic moral tradition, as embodied in different ways by the writings of Jacques Maritain and Pope Francis, offers constructive insights as to how the global political landscape should be organized. In the wake of the Second World War and the advent of the nuclear age, Jacques Maritain proposed a political philosophy for the future creation of a world state. Six decades later, Pope Francis offers a more pastoral argument for a more just, equitable, and fraternal world order. This paper examines the visions of global governance advocated by both Maritain and Pope Francis. Drawing from both figures, this paper identifies five key values that might guide the mobilization of the Catholic community as it works for a more just and common world order: a universal solidaristic vision centered on the human person that affirms the value of pluralism, a multi-layered structure of global governance, and bottom-up change through participation. Together, these values offer ethical guideposts as the international community considers how to reform the present system of global governance, including the United Nations system.

Partners in Forming the People: Jacques Maritain, Saul Alinsky, and the Project of Personalist Democracy

At first glance, Jacques Maritain, the influential Catholic philosopher, and Saul Alinsky, the infamous “dean” of community organizing, could scarcely be more different, in temperament or reputation. Nevertheless, for nearly three decades, these two men were close friends and dedicated collaborators, drawn together by a passionate commitment to democracy. By reading the two alongside each other, this article offers a new interpretation of both. After historically contextualizing the relationship between Maritain and Alinsky, it advances two major claims about their democratic thought. First, it shows that Maritain and Alinsky shared a commitment to a political project best described as “personalist democracy,” insofar as it founded democratic politics upon a specific ethical (and, for Maritain, theological) conception of the human person. Second, the article argues that both thinkers understood personalist democracy to be realizable, in practice, only through a particular kind of democratic organization. They saw the process of organizing as the indispensable means for forming the diffuse persons who comprised society into a coherent “people,” capable of acting for the common good and, in so doing, discovering their own dignity. The article concludes by offering reasons why the project of personalist democracy, as Maritain and Alinsky conceived it, may still have much to offer today.

Kedalaman Jiwa: Perspektif Alkitab Tentang Hakekat Manusia

In a Biblical perspective, human nature is understood as a creature created by God that is unique and different from other creations of God. Humans are unique in intellectual, social, physical and spiritual terms, which contain responsibilities towards themselves, others, nature andto God.Humans consist of body, soul and spirit, each of which has an important role in human life. .the body reveals the human person in its entirety from an outward aspect, while the soul or life reveals the whole person from an inner aspect, as a creature that breathes, wills, thinks, and so on. The spirit is the aspect of human life with an inner mind too, which can receive andexpress spiritual observations.