Human Need Research Articles

FACTORS INFLUENCING HOUSE BUYER’S DECISION IN MALAYSIA. CASE STUDY: SEPANG, SELANGOR

Housing is a basic human need as explained in the Maslow hierarchy needs. Having a house is a very important entity in ensuring a sense of security for each individual and family. Deciding on buying a house is a crucial decision since housing expenses involved a large amount of cost in individual monthly expenses. Furthermore, the homeownership rate in Malaysia as reported by the Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM) in 2019 didn’t increase significantly. Thus, the government and house developers need to identify the important factors that influence the house buying decision-making to increase the homeownership rate in Malaysia. This study investigates the factors influencing housing buying decisions and the difference in factors influencing different income groups in Sepang, Selangor. This study measures the internal factors and external factors influencing house-buying decisions. The internal factors measure the income, stage of life cycle, employment and education subfactors. The external factors measure the financial and economic condition, house price, location, neighbourhood, house type and design and also government housing incentives. A mixed method was applied in this study by interviewing real estate experts and also a survey of 184 respondents in the case study area. Using transcribe method and analysing of the survey data with descriptive and inferential analyses to study the influencing factors. The real estate expert and respondents agreed all the factors were influencing house buying decisions except for education. The importance of the factors is also different among the income groups. For internal factors, all income groups agree that income is the most influential factor followed by employment, stage of life cycle and education. The importance of external factors is different among the groups.

SUSTAINABLE AFFORDABLE STRUCTURAL MODEL IN HOME OWNERSHIP

Home is a basic human need. Every year, the government is responsible for enacting a more sustainable and inclusive housing policy to ensure the adequate provision, quality and affordable housing to meet the needs of the growing sustainable communities. The aim of the current research is to analyse affordability as a mediator in the relationship between economic, social and environmental factors towards the need for home ownership among civil servants in Klang Valley. Path Analysis and Boostrapping through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) are used to see the relationship and influence between sustainability and affordability variables. There is a significant relationship between all elements of affordability with economic, social and environmental factors. Mediation effect (mediator) for the element of affordability that is tested in the construct relationship between economic, social and environmental factors on the need for home ownership. Finally, this study succeeded in forming a sustainable affordable structural model in home ownership.

Religious progress and perfectibility in Benjamin Constant’s enlightened liberalism

ABSTRACT Benjamin Constant's On Religion was a major effort to include religion within liberal political thought, insisting on the possibility of religious progress and perfectibility. It was also a major critique of Catholicism and of clericalism in any form. And it was one of the most wide-ranging comparative studies of religion since it purported to cover all religions worldwide before Christianity. Constant worked on it for most of his adult life, more than 40 years. This article traces the rise of the language of progress and perfectibility in Constant's milieu, finding roots in Rousseau, Scottish thinkers, Germans and Swiss such as Madame de Staël, Condorcet, William Godwin, and others. He also sprinkled some of his ideas about progress and perfectibility in his wide-ranging political writings. But it was in On Religion that he went into the idea of progress and perfectibility in depth, finding both a universal human need for religion and religious progress in every religion and over time. It may be true that he underestimated the possibility of regress and failure in human development, but nevertheless this work stands as a monument to liberal confidence in a better future.

REVOLUTIONIZING ANTIBODY DISCOVERY INDUSTRY WITH HIGHLY EFFICIENT AND ACCURATE AI-BASED EPITOPE-SPECIFIC ANTIBODY DE NOVO DESIGN WORKFLOW

Abstract Background and significance The global antibody drug market is worth over $200 billion in 2021 and is expected to reach $380 billion by 2030. Antibody discovery is one of the most critical steps that determine the crucial properties of antibody drugs, such as efficacy, safety, and developability. Traditional methods based on mouse immunization have many drawbacks limiting drug discovery, which include long time periods, high costs, inability to target function-specific epitopes, unsuitable for low immunogenic and difficult-to-prepare antigens, the need to sacrifice mice, the need for further humanization to reduce immunogenicity, and so on. Here we report an antibody de novo design computational workflow that utilizes high-quality internally produced antibody data and advanced AI models. Using this workflow, we can de novo design antibodies that bind to user-specified functional epitopes with high affinity and specificity. Compared with classical wet-lab methods, the entire process is shortened from several months to several days and suitable for low immunogenicity and difficult-to-prepare antigens. It is particularly noteworthy that due to the use of humanized mouse-generated antibodies (Renlite bearing common light chain from Biocytogen) as training data for AI models, the designed antibodies have a high degree of humanization and good developability, effectively avoiding issues such as ADA and aggregation in subsequent processes. Methods First, with the help of Renlite, we comprehensively combined mouse immunization, B cell sorting with FACS, NGS single-cell sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis to internally generate a large amount of high-quality antibody sequence data. Second, we developed AI models for antigen-specific antibody selection and epitope prediction (bioRxiv, 2022: 2022.12. 22.521634.) to mine antigen-specific antibodies and corresponding antigen epitopes in the data. Based on the processed high-quality data, we trained an affinity prediction model that can accurately predict whether an antigen epitope and antibody sequence pair can bind to each other. Besides, using the sequence data, we trained an antibody sequence pre-training language model (bioRxiv, 2023: 2023.01. 19.524683.), which can generate high-quality antibody sequences to simulate the antibodies produced by mouse immunization. Finally, integrating the above AI models, we established an antibody de novo design computational workflow to simulate the biological process of antibody generation and affinity maturation in the mouse immune system, which can be seen as a “DigitalMouse”. Results In a test case, 1 million antibodies were designed aiming at binding to specific epitope of an antigen. 10 antibodies were selected and expressed. Binding affinity was determined using BLI. Two antibodies out of 10 had KD of 194 nM and 336 nM, respectively, with a concentration dependent signal increase on BLI. These antibodies have great potential as the starting point of candidate molecules for further in vitro, in vivo experimental validation and clinical trials. Conclusions The AI-based antibody de novo design workflow will revolutionize the antibody discovery industry paradigm, greatly shorten the antibody discovery phase, reduce R&D costs, and expand antibody discovery to more antigen targets that are difficult with animal immunization. The computational workflow will have a profound impact on the entire biopharmaceutical industry.

Fatigue Strength of Rotary Bending Copper Materials

Non-ferrous metal is a type of metal that does not contain iron (Fe). Pure non-ferrous metals do not need alloying elements because of their chemical resistance and good electrical conductivity. The non-ferrous metal in question is copper. Almost every human need can’t be separated from the element of copper as a supporting material. In the industrial world, copper has an important role because many factory machinery construction utilizes this material. Copper is a material that conducts heat and electricity quite well and has smooth and soft properties. The durability of copper-based structures can be carried out by fatigue tests (fatigue). This study aims to analyze the fatigue strength of copper material with rotary bending type. The test was carried out on copper material without heat treatment. At each loading, the test was carried out five times on different test specimens (Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, Sp4, and Sp5) with variations in the load determined at 15 kg, 17 kg, and 19 kg. Preparation of test specimens using a lathe and photos of micro and macro structures using a microscope. While the fatigue test was carried out using a rotary bending type fatigue test machine. The results of microstructure observations for all loadings showed that the specimens had soft properties. Meanwhile, the observation of the macro structure shows that the specimen has brittle properties. The results of the fatigue test show that the flexural stresses for each load of 15 kg, 17, kg, and 19 kg are written as 33 kg/mm2, 37 kg/mm2, and 42 kg/mm2, respectively.

‘In a Witches’ World’: Hegel and the Symbolic Grotesque

Abstract In his Lectures on Fine Art (1835), Hegel emphasizes the grotesque character of Indian art. Grotesqueness results, in his view, from a contradiction between meaning and shape due to the incongruous combination of spiritual and material elements. Since Hegel's history of art is teeming with examples of inadequacy between meaning and shape, this paper aims to distinguish the grotesque from other types of artistic dissonance and to problematize Hegel's ascriptions of grotesqueness to ancient Indian art. In the first part of the paper, I characterize the grotesque by the unnatural distortion of natural shapes with the purpose of achieving a direct sensuous manifestation of an indeterminate and impersonal divinity, Brahman. Such an attempt is, in Hegel's view, self-contradictory and self-defeating, leading to an exaggeration of the conflict between nature and spirit instead of the intended reconciliation between the two parts. In the second part of the paper, I compare Hegel's account of Indian art to the ‘monstrous myths’ of early modern Europe. Unlike his predecessors, Hegel legitimizes the grotesque representations of Hindu gods as endowed with profound meaning and the result of a universal human need, yet he describes them as ultimately irrational and repulsive based on a prejudiced view of the Indian people(s). In this sense, Hegel's assessment of Indian art functions as a reflection of modern European culture, its fascination and horror in the face of what Enlightenment could not entirely purge, rather than as a truthful and objective account of Indian art and culture. By questioning Hegel's characterization of Hindu iconography and mythology, this paper contributes to underexplored areas of Hegelian aesthetics, namely Hegel's account of symbolic art, especially Indian art, as well as his views on negative aesthetic experiences and values.

The impact of the purposes of the Quran and Sunnah on building the Muslim human personality.

The research focuses on the impact of the purposes of the Quran and Sunnah on building the Muslim human personality, in its spiritual aspect, mentally, physically, and socially, which constitutes a distinct personality, here comes the importance of the research in display this aspect of modern study, which raises many problematic questions, such as, how to observance human nature, and its many aspects, in the process of building his character, and that's what this building is about, its nature, and what characterizes the Muslim human figure, the impact of the purposes of the Quran and Sunnah on its construction, these are questions that raise the following hypotheses. Today, the human need for integrated construction is more than any other time, then the interest in building it is more important than any other building, it may be said: That the human being is instinctive to righteousness and there is no need for him to use other means to rebuild him, and his nature guides him to the right and to a straight path. Accordingly the research seeks to reveal the impact of the purposes of the Quran and Sunnah on building the Muslim human personality, it is a research whose nature necessitated the use of the following methods: The inductive, deductive, and analytical method, and the goals it aims to achieve, realizing the human need for an integrated building, to give a new understanding of the purposes of the Quran and Sunnah, and the results it aims to achieve, emphasizing the human need for an integrated and renewable building in line with reality, and respond positively with it, and to highlight the impact of the purposes of the Quran and Sunnah in building the Muslim human personality. Keywords: The purposes of Qoran - The purposes of Sunnah - Building the human being – Human aspects - The human personality.

Investigating the thermal performance of nano-encapsulated phase change materials-water nanofluid in the presence of a heat source as applied in electronic devices

BackgroundGlobal warming and the human need for power resources in the last decades have highlighted the concerns related to energy saving for long-term applications. Thermal energy-saving systems are an important technique to overcome this issue. MethodsIn the present study, we aim to simulate the performance of a thermal energy-storing system with Nano-Encapsulated Phase Change Materials (NEPCMs) by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Free convection heat transfer through a square enclosure is numerically simulated, and a hot block is located at pisitions of the enclosure. The simulation is done with the FVM method and SIMPLE algorithm. The analyzed parameters are different Ra numbers (5 × 103 − 105), non-dimensional melting temperatures (0.1 ≤ θf ≤ 0.9), and NEPCM melting intensities (0.01 ≤ χ ≤ 0.03). Significant FindingsT The results revealed that the θf = 0.3 is corresponding to the optimum heat transfer rate, and it is independent of the Ra number. In the case with the highest heat transfer rate, adding NEPCMs to the based fluid caused the heat transfer to improve by 12.5%. Furthermore, in this θf number, uniform heat transfers through the cold walls of the enclosure. A low number of χ also revealed less Nusselt number. Increasing AR in high Ra number improves Nusselt number by 5%.

Creative Teaching Strategies to Improve Achievement and Motivation of Higher Education Students in Indonesia

Education is a human need that must always develop according to time. The rapid development in the world of education and technology is a benchmark for the quality of increasing the achievement and motivation of higher education students in Indonesia. Therefore, to improve achievement and motivation to learn, the strategy taken is to make changes in terms of learning which is usually too menotonous now no longer, so as a lecturer must be able to create creative teaching strategies so as to improve the achievement and motivation of college students to learn even better, the strategy is to stop changing the way of learning that has been usually too monotonous. Therefore, as a lecturer must be able to develop creative teaching strategies to be able to improve student learning achievement and strengthen motivation, with a more interesting and fun learning strategy so that students are more enthusiastic about learning. The purpose of this study was to determine creative teaching strategies to improve the achievement and motivation of college students in Indonesia. This research method uses quantitative research methods, where the data is obtained from the results of distributing questionnaires online. The results showed that creative teaching strategies were able to improve student achievement and motivation. From this research, it can be concluded that the application of creative teaching strategies which aims to improve student achievement and motivation to learn has proven to be effective. The limitation of this study is that researchers can only conduct research on teaching strategies when there are many more strategies that can increase student creativity and motivation. The researcher hopes that future researchers can conduct research related to teaching strategies to increase student creativity and learning motivation but by using other strategies. This study also recommends that future researchers make this research a reference in conducting research on improving student creativity and motivation through teaching strategies.

Sinularin Exerts Anti-cancer Effects by Inducing Oxidative Stress-mediated Ferroptosis, Apoptosis, and Autophagy in Prostate Cancer Cells.

Prostate cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer death in men. Sinularin is a soft coralsderived natural compound that has anticancer activity in many cancer cells. However, the pharmacological action of sinularin in prostate cancer is unclear. The aim of the study is to examine the anticancer effects of sinularin in prostate cancer cells. We explored the anticancer effects of sinularin on the prostate cancer cell lines, PC3, DU145, and LNCaP, by MTT, Transwell assay, wound healing, flow cytometry, and western blotting. Sinularin inhibited the cell viability and colony formation of these cancer cells. Furthermore, sinularin inhibited testosterone-induced cell growth in LNCaP cells by downregulating the protein expression levels of androgen receptor (AR), type Ⅱ 5α-reductase, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Sinularin significantly attenuated the invasion and migration ability of PC3 and DU145 cells, with or without TGF-β1 treatment. Sinularin inhibited epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) in DU145 cells after 48 h of treatment by regulating the protein expression levels of Ecadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin. Sinularin induced apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis by regulating the protein expression levels of Beclin-1, LC3B, NRF2, GPX4, PARP, caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9, cleaved-PARP, Bcl-2, and Bax. Moreover, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased but glutathione was decreased after sinularin treatment in PC3, DU145 and LNCaP cells. Sinularin regulated the androgen receptor signaling pathway and triggered apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis in prostate cancer cells. In conclusion, the results indicated that sinularin may be a candidate agent for human prostate cancer and need further study for being applied to human.

Analisis Ketidakseimbangan Beban Pada Tranformator Distribusi Di Gardu Induk Budurn

Electricity is a basic need for humans today, it has been proven that humans are very dependent on electricity for their daily activities. If electricity is not available, then human daily activities will be disrupted. The occurrence of load imbalance that occurs in the R, S, and T phases due to the absence of concurrent when the load is turned on, resulting in a neutral current flow on the secondary side of the transformer. with the development of electric power distribution systems. The benefit of reducing losses on the neutral conductor of the distribution transformer is that it can produce savings in the supply of electricity, and other benefits obtained include the resulting system. The method used is that the data resulting from field measurements are converted into mathematical equations. From the research conducted, the results showed the average value of the loading current and load imbalance in the distribution transformer at the Buduran Substation, namely the average loading current of (14.4 A), Load Imbalance of (28.3 A), Neutral Current Losses of (2.34 W). And Copper Losses of (0.510945 kW).

Studying the motivations in choosing study tour destinations: evidence from Asian university students

Purpose This study aims to explore university students' push and pull motivational factors towards their study tour destination choices and to investigate the differences between experienced and non-experienced students concerning their push and pull motivational factors. Design/methodology/approach The study collected surveys from Hong Kong university students. In total, 248 usable responses were gathered. Among the 248 respondents, 148 university students from various universities did not have experience on a study tour in their university lives while 100 students did. The study also conducted interviews and collected qualitative data to supplement the survey findings. Findings Top push and pull motivational factors were highlighted in the study tour context. This study also indicated that non-experienced students relatively have more concerns about geographic location, political stability and financial budget as pull factors and education as the push factor than experienced students. Education, as a high-level human need and push motivational factor, becomes less important for experienced students. Originality/value A large number of Asian university students participated in study tour programmes each year. Nevertheless, there are few research papers relevant to exploring university students’ motivation to choose study tour destinations. This study provides useful insight for the universities to design and implement appropriate study tours according to students’ motivation.

The Relationship Between Attachment Symbols, Attachment Styles and Self-Differentiation with Marital Intimacy

Intimacy is a basic human need and is recognized as an important process in the development of friendly relationships. Given the importance of this structure in marital relations, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of self-differentiation, attachment symbols and attachment styles in the prediction of marital intimacy of marital couples in Zanjan city. The research method was correlation. All married couples living in Zanjan city in 2018 formed the statistical population of this study. The final sample consisted of 278 people selected by stepwise cluster sampling. The instruments of the Bagarozzi intimacy scale (2001), self-differentiated R-DSI revised questionnaire, Hazan and Shaver (1995), attachment style questionnaire and Hazen Attachment Symptom Questionnaire (1987). Non-parametric correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between emotional intimacy with security and support. There is a positive and significant relationship between rational intimacy with support. There is a positive and significant relationship between sexual intimacy with adjacency and support. There is a positive and significant relationship between spiritual intimacy with security. There is a positive and significant relationship between the aesthetic intimacy with security. There is a positive and significant relationship between social-entertainment intimacy and proximity. There is a positive and significant relationship between the overall score of intimacy with proximity, security, and support. Pearson correlation showed that Pearson correlation indicated that there is a negative and significant relationship between the avoidant attachment style and the total score of intimacy and the components of social recreational intimacy and emotional intimacy. There is a negative and meaningful relationship between the attachment style of social-communicative intimacy. There is a negative and significant relationship between the ambivalent attachment style and the general score of intimacy and the components of social intimacy-emotional and emotional intimacy. The results of regression analysis indicated that only anxiety attachment style could predict marital intimacy among attachment styles and self-differentiation dimensions (R2 = 0.02). The findings of this study can be used to develop and implement educational and therapeutic programs in order to increase marital intimacy of couples. Key words: self-differentiation, attachment styles, marital intimacy, married couples

Utilization of Fish Bone (Rastrelliger kanagurta) Waste as High Calcium Flour

Fish bones are one of the by-products of processing fish fillets. The yield produced from the process of making fish fillets produced is only about 36% and the remaining 64% is waste that is lost in each processing process. Fish bones consist of organic compounds and inorganic compounds (minerals). The waste generated from the fish processing industry has the highest calcium content in the fish body. From the point of view of food and nutrition, fish bones are very rich in calcium that humans need, because the main elements of fish bones are calcium, phosphorus, and carbonate. Thus, fish bone waste has great potential to be used as raw material for calcium-rich fish bone meals. In this study, the utilization of mackerel bones will be studied, so it is very important to know the formula for the best concentration of mackerel bone meal, to know the potential calcium content in mackerel bones. The characterization in this project is intended to determine and determine the experimental results quantitatively. The characterizations carried out in this study were atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) to determine the levels of Ca, Fe, and Zn and UV-Vis spectrophotometer to determine phosphate levels in mackerel bones. The results of the average mineral levels of Zinc, Iron, and Calcium respectively were 32.425 mg/100 gr, 4.3 mg/100 gr, and 213.825 mg/100 gr. While the value of phosphate concentration in mackerel bone meal was 2784.116 ppm. This is following the standards of BPOM.

Analysis of Fashion Value Chain Sustainability to Strengthen Added Value Through Entertainment Activities (Fashion Shows) syarifapd

Fashion is a secondary human need that can change according to the times or someone's wishes which can be seen from language, habits to how to dress. The production of fashion products is inseparable from various value chain activities. The value chain is a collection of activities carried out by each company to design, manufacture, market, deliver, and support its product. The fashion value chain consists of design, production, marketing and distribution activities. Fashion is also a product of the creative economy which is a mainstay in the country. The potential for various fashion products in Indonesia is enormous, so it is necessary to develop various fashion products in Indonesia to strengthen their added value. This research is a quantitative study using MDS-RAPFISH analysis with a case study in Nganjuk Regency. The results of this study show that the sustainability status of the value chain in design activities, production processes and marketing shows a fairly good sustainability status. Meanwhile, the dimensions of distribution and entertainment activities show good sustainability. And the overall results of the MDS-RAPFISH show indications of improvement, except for the dimensions of marketing and entertainment activities.

Measuring college belongingness: Structure and measurement of the Sense of Social Fit Scale.

Sense of belonging is theorized to be a fundamental human need and has been shown to have important implications in many domains of life, including academic achievement. The Sense of Social Fit scale (SSF; Walton & Cohen, 2007) is widely used to assess college belongingness, particularly to study differences in academic experiences along lines of gender and race. Despite its wide use, the instrument's latent factor structure and measurement invariance properties have not been reported in the published literature to date. Consequently, researchers regularly use subsets of the SSF's items without psychometric justification. Here, we explore and validate the SSF's factor structure and other psychometric properties, and we provide recommendations about how to score the measure. A one-factor model in Study 1 showed poor fit, and exploratory factor analyses extracted a four-factor solution. Study 2's confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated superior fit of a bifactor model with four specific factors (from Study 1) and one general factor. Ancillary analyses supported a total scale scoring method for the SSF and did not support computing raw subscale scores. We also tested the bifactor model's measurement invariance across gender and race, compared latent mean scores between groups, and established the model's criterion and concurrent validity. We discuss implications and suggestions for future research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Implementation of image file security using the advanced encryption standard method

The application of technology in this era has entered digitalization and is modern. Therefore, we are already in an era of advanced and rapid technological development. It has become a human need to exchange information in every activity. Documents that contain information that is frequently sought or used. The document's use also includes essential information. Document security is undoubtedly a significant factor in prioritizing important information in a document to prevent unauthorized people from misusing the document's vital information. Cryptography is a method of overcoming document security issues so that third parties cannot read the information or messages contained within the document. The 128-bit advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm is one of the algorithms included in the cryptography technique. Additionally, it can be combined with operation modes such as electronic codebook (ECB) and cipher block chaining (CBC) to create an application that can generate random codes to improve the security of the data contained in the document.

Analisis Menurunnya Kualitas Air Sumur Akibat Pembuangan Limbah Rumah Tangga Yang Tidak Tepat

Water is a basic need that must be fulfilled in everyday human life so that the quality of clean water must be used as a need for bathing, drinking, cooking, and so on. Apart from that, we want to reveal things that can contaminate this basic human need by conducting a literature review. The purpose of this literature analysis is to find out how many residents in this research area still dispose of household waste in an inappropriate manner or inaccurately in the placement of liquid and solid waste materials which will later have an impact on the surrounding environment. The research was conducted using a literature review. Construction of wells must comply with safe and good characteristics so that the quality of well water does not threaten human health. The standard distance of the well from the source of pollution that is generally used is 10 meters.

EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN SANITASI AIR DALAM UPAYA PENYEDIAAN AIR BERSIH BAGI MASYARAKAT

Water sanitation development is an important aspect in achieving public health and welfare in Indonesia. However,the problem of water sanitation is increasingly complex and difficult to solve. This study aims to evaluate watersanitation policies in an effort to provide clean water for the community, as well as analyze the factors that supportand hinder the implementation of water sanitation policies. The research method used is descriptive, focusing onWeekurra Village, West Wewewa District, Southwest Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. TheGovernment of Southwest Sumba realizes that Weekurra Village has potential natural resources that can be used tomeet water sanitation needs and increase access to adequate clean water. Although water sanitation services areavailable in Weekurra Village, residents still have to travel a long distance (about 1.3 km) with about 16 minutes,through inadequate roads, to get clean water. This is a worrying problem. An inhibiting factor in the provision of cleanwater is the uneven distribution, where some regions have not benefited. This is due to the long distance betweenwater sources and residents' residences, as well as the lack of budget to build pipeline infrastructure and waterreservoirs for each individual. Based on research findings, there are several problems that have not been solved Therefore, several suggestions were proposed, among others: cooperation between the Village Government and theRegency Government of South West Sumba to formulate regulations governing sanitation and the provision of cleanwater, to ensure the need for clean water can be fulfilled properly as a basic human need. In addition, it is expectedthat there will be sufficient budget to build facilities and infrastructure such as storage tanks and pipe systems as aneffort to distribute clean water to the community in Weekurra Village 

Analysis Of Output Power Control Of Mini On Grid Plts Without Kwh Exim In Fajrul Iman Patumbak Modern Islamic Boarding School

The decreasing of world’s supply of fossil energy caused by the human need for energy continues to increase. As a result, energy prices will be more expensive. Solar cells that utilize solar energy are a source of renewable electrical energy (RE). The use of solar cells to generate electricity can be used to reduce the burden of electricity bills anywhere as in Islamic boarding schools. The burden of electricity bills at the Fajrul Iman Patumbak Modern Islamic Boarding School, Deli Serdang Regency is quite a burden on Islamic boarding school expenses. To reduce the burden of spending on electricity bills at Islamic boarding schools, solar cells and control equipment are installed so that they can generate electricity. The control system is installed using an on-grid system, the electricity generated can be directly used by the Islamic boarding school during the day and will reduce some of the power absorbed/taken from PLN. After this service is carried out, the cost of spending on Islamic boarding schools has decreased.