Human Life Research Articles

Scrutinizing the evidence of anthracene toxicity on adrenergic receptor beta-2 and its bioremediation by fungal manganese peroxidase via in silico approaches.

Exposure to anthracene can cause skin and eye irritation, respiratory issues, and potential long-term health risks, including carcinogenic effects. It is also toxic to aquatic and human life and has the potential for long-term environmental contamination. This study aims to alleviate the adverse environmental effects of anthracene through fungal degradation, focusing on bioremediation approaches using bioinformatics. Toxicity prediction using Pro-Tox 3.0 identified anthracene as a compound of toxicity class 4 with a LD50 of 316mg/kg. Sequence of manganese peroxidase from Lachnellula suecica and human adrenergic receptor beta 2 were retrieved from NCBI databases. Secondary structure analysis using SOPMA indicated that both manganese peroxidase and adrenergic receptor beta 2 contain significant random coil content (56.57% and 51.57% respectively) followed by alpha-helix and beta-turns. The tertiary structure of both proteins was predicted using the SWISSMODEL tool and molecular docking using Autodock vina revealed strong binding affinities of anthracene with adrenergic receptor beta 2, showing a binding energy of - 6.6kcal/mol with anthracene confirming the negative impacts on human health. To mitigate the anthracene pollution, further docking indicated Anthracene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid as the most vigorous ligand for manganese peroxidase of L. suecica with a binding energy of - 9.3kcal/mol, suggesting its potential as a bioremediating agent. Visualization using Discovery Studio elucidated the molecular interactions within the docked complex. Molecular dynamics simulations using the OpenMM engine and AMBER force field confirmed stable enzyme-ligand complexes, highlighting the potential of manganese peroxidase for sustained enzymatic activity against anthracene.

Sleep: Its Nature and Mechanism in Avicenna's Medicine and Psychology.

Sleep is a fundamental necessity for humans and other living beings. Throughout history, many thinkers have sought to understand its complexities. Avicenna, in his works, elucidates the nature and mechanism of sleep from two angles: "sleeping," as an essential process for sentient beings, and "dreams," which reflect the effects of sleep on human life and health. This article explores sleep through Avicenna's lens, examining its philosophical, psychological, and medical foundations. It begins with a definition of sleep, followed by an analysis of its causes, manifestations, and types, including natural, unnatural, and artificial. The findings indicate that Avicenna was a pioneer in studying altered states of perception within the imagination, showcasing his understanding of hypnotic sleep and its therapeutic applications for disorders like melancholy.

Exuberant Life as Existential Anxiety: Fictional Accounts of Human-Algae Relations

ABSTRACT The increase and spread of algae signal increasingly ‘awkward’ relations between them and humans. To what extent, however, might literary depictions of algae reframe and nuance such tensions? Taking seriously an environmental humanities ambition to foment ‘mutual flourishing’, I argue that representations of algae in fiction highlight an existential anxiety over algae’s capacity to embody extreme exuberance. Through an analysis of stories where humans and algal assemblages (both macro- and micro-) are pitted against one another, I signal two central concerns of algal awkwardness that appear: algae represent thresholds to alterity, and algae can thrive as autonomous beings. Such concerns highlight anxiety over algae’s indifference to human life, undermining a human exceptionalist perspective on evolution by suggesting that human life is meaningless. Such stories, therefore, can be read as cautionary tales by which humans may inquire into and reflect on their own biases in favour of or against excessive exuberance.

PROJEK PENGUATAN PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KARAKTER ANAK USIA DINI

Early childhood is a child who ranges from 0-6 years old. Where at this age is an important phase or called the golden age which only occurs once in human life. Early age is the most appropriate time to stumify its development. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to stimulate children's development with approaches, strategies, methods, plans, and media used according to the needs at each stage of their development. The purpose of this study is: To find out the description of children's character abilities after the implementation of the teaching module of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project in early childhood, to find out what factors support and inhibit children's character through the implementation of the Teaching Module of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project in early childhood. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The subjects in this study are teachers, children and parents/guardians. The results of the study showed that the character picture of children aged 4-5 years after the implementation of the P5 teaching module changed for the better. This is evidenced by the increase in character shown by children such as increasing the character of discipline, responsibility, curiosity, independence, creativity and attitude of diversity. Factors that affect the character of children aged 4-5 years through the application of the p5 teaching module, namely supporting factors that come from the treatment given, role models and the use of teacher language. Factors that hinder the improvement of the character of children aged 4-5 years are children's trust and information media that are commonly used or seen.

What motivates undergraduate students to read beyond their lecture notes?

ABSTRACT Reading is one of the essential skills for a human's social life and economic development. Previous studies have revealed that some students in higher learning institutions rarely read beyond their lecture notes. They rely heavily on detailed PowerPoint slides that are likely to appear on tests or study guides available just a few days before examinations. This study investigated the motives for undergraduate students in Tanzania to read beyond their lecture notes, providing recommendations to promote a reading culture among students in higher learning institutions in a context where many students are averse to such a tradition. Forty-two participants from three higher learning institutions in Tanzania participated in the study: 36 students in focused group discussions and six others in in-depth interviews. The data subjected to inductive thematic analysis revealed factors that motivated the students’ reading culture, include the desire to attain competencies in the subject areas, pursuing personal goals, zeal for excellence and attaining self-confidence. Other motivations to reading beyond notes included fear of failing in the examinations, availability of resources and the instructors’ guidelines. Both internal and external factors accounted for the reading motivation. The study provides practical and policy recommendations to promote reading culture among students in higher learning institutions.

Peranan Bidang DATUN Dalam Memberi Pendampingan Hukum Tentang Ganti Rugi Pengadaan Tanah Untuk Kepentingan Umum (Studi Kejaksaan Tinggi Sumatera Utara)

Land is one of the most important sources of life for humans, and one of its main functions is to be used as a place of residence, namely to build houses. In this case, to prevent land resolution from causing problems between government agencies and the community, the Indonesian Attorney General's Office, particularly the High Prosecutor's Office of North Sumatra in the field of Civil and State Administrative Law (DATUN), has fully utilized the authority of state attorneys in civil matters, granted by law and by delegation from a power of attorney. This includes legal assistance, law enforcement, legal considerations, legal services, and other actions. The role of the state attorney is to provide legal assistance to the government and the community in resolving land acquisition for public benefit. Land resolution related to land acquisition for public benefit can be carried out in two ways, namely by forcibly extinguishing rights and through consent. The purpose of this writing is to explain how the Civil and State Administrative Law sectors, specifically the State Attorney, act as legal advisors in the matter of land acquisition for public interest. This includes issues of compensation for land that will be used for public purposes.

A Framework for Fourth Industrial Revolution Adoption by Small-Scale Rural Farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Literature Review

Climate change is witnessed in unpredictable weather conditions that negatively affect human lives, economies, and farming worldwide. This results in severe heat waves and a shift in rainfall patterns. This is a major global threat to agriculture and food security, especially for rural farmers. Small-scale rural-based farmers contribute immensely to local communities’ socio-economic well-being and food security. However, most of the small-scale rural farmers are constrained, especially regarding resources. There is a need for the agricultural industry in rural areas to adopt the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) technologies to predict and make well-informed decisions on how to manage existing, often constrained resources efficiently. Government support, in various forms, is equally needed. Furthermore, adopting 4IR by small-scale rural farmers will assist countries in the Sub-Saharan African region in achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal Number 2 on ‘Zero Hunger’ by achieving food security and promoting smart, sustainable agriculture. However, there is a deficiency in the literature on 4IR adoption frameworks to guide small-scale rural farmers in adopting 4IR tools to manage their resources and promote sustainable agriculture. This study aims to develop a 4IR adoption framework that could guide small-scale rural farmers in adopting 4IR tools for managing their resources and promoting smart agriculture. A systematic literature review approach is employed to identify critical components significant for adopting 4IR in rural farming. Rural farmers may use this framework as a guiding lens when adopting 4IR tools. This study broadens the scope of the scant literature on the best practices for adopting 4IR for smart small-scale rural farming in Sub-Saharan Africa and other developing nations with similar setups. The smart-scale rural farming is mainstreamed within the smart village concept and the greenfield orgreen economy resilient to harsh climate change conditions.

The Soul (Put to Work) in Medicine: A Response to Arthur Kleinman

Abstract In his 2019 essay, Arthur Kleinman laments that medicine has become ever-competent at managing illness, yet caring for those who are ill is increasingly out of practice. He opines that the language of ‘the soul’ is helpful to those practicing medicine, as it provides an important counterbalance to medicine’s technical rationality that avoids the existential and spiritual domains of human life. His accusation that medicine has become soulless merits considering, yet we believe his is the wrong description of contemporary medicine. Where medicine is disciplined by technological and informational rationalities that risk coercing attention away from corporealities and toward an impersonal, digital order, the resulting practices expose medicine to becoming not soulless but excarnated. Here we engage Kleinman in conversation with Franco Berardi, Charles Taylor, and others to ask: Have we left behind the body for senseless purposes? Perhaps medicine is not proving itself to be soulless, but rather senseless, bodyless – the any-occupation of excarnated souls. If so, the dissension of excarnation and the recovery of touching purpose seems to us to be an apparent need within the contemporary and increasingly digitally managed and informationally ordered medical milieu.

How Artificial Intelligence Can be Managed Cultural Industry

Artificial Intelligence (AI), a multifaceted and dynamic phenomenon, has significantly impacted various aspects of human life, particularly in the realm of business and technology. In the context of the cultural industry and International Human Resource Management (IHRM), AI has ushered in transformative changes that have redefined how organizations manage their creative and human capital across borders (Caldas, M. P., Tonelli, M. J., & Lacombe, B. M. B., 2011). This assessment delves into the intricate relationship between AI, the cultural industry, and IHRM, examining the challenges and opportunities that arise from this interplay. Also, the advent of AI has facilitated the seamless integration of advanced technologies into the cultural industry, creating a highly interconnected and innovative landscape. Consequently, organizations within this industry are compelled to adopt cut-ting-edge AI-driven practices to effectively manage a diverse range of cultural products and services (Arslan, A., Cooper, C., Khan, Z., Golgeci, I., & Ali, I., 2022). Artificial intelligence and human workers interaction at team level: a conceptual assessment of the challenges and potential HRM strategies. This analysis aims to critically evaluate the impact of AI on key cultural industry and IHRM functions, including recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, and employee relations (Chew, J., 2004). By exploring the complexities and nuances of AI's influence on the cultural industry and IHRM, this assessment seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of how AI trends shape industry and HR strategies and practices (Gordhan, P., 2007). Further-more, it will highlight the critical competencies required for HR professionals to navigate the challenges posed by AI, ultimately contributing to the success of cultural organizations in a rapidly evolving technological landscape. Finally, a particular focus will be placed on Greece as a case study to illustrate the broader impacts of AI on the cultural industry and IHRM (Stavroulakis, D., 2009). Greece, with its strategic geographical location and rich cultural heritage, presents a unique context for examining how global AI trends influence local cultural and HR practices.

Increased default mode network activation in depression and social anxiety during upward social comparison.

Social comparisons are a core feature of human life. Theories posit that social comparisons play a critical role in depression and social anxiety triggering negative evaluations about the self, as well as negative emotions. We investigated the neural basis of social comparisons in participants with depression and/or social anxiety (MD-SA, n=56) and healthy controls (n=47) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). While being scanned participants performed a social comparison task, during which they received feedback about their performance and the performance of a co-player. Upward social comparisons (being worse than the co-player) elicited high levels of negative emotions (shame, guilt, nervousness) across participants, with this effect being enhanced in the MD-SA group. Notably, during upward comparison the MD-SA group showed greater activation than the control group in regions of the Default Mode Network (DMN). Specifically, for upward comparison MD-SA participants demonstrated increased activation in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and reduced deactivation in the posteromedial cortex, regions linked to self-referential processing, inferences about other people's thoughts and rumination. Findings suggest that people with depression and social anxiety react to upward comparisons with a more negative emotional response, which may be linked to introspective processes related to the DMN.

Evolution of Human Pair Bonds as a Consequence of Male-Biased Mating Sex Ratios?

Compared to our closest primate relatives, human life history involves greater longevity, which includes a distinctive postmenopausal life stage. Given mammalian reproductive physiology in which females build a finite stock of cells that can become oocytes early in life, which then continuously deplete mostly through cell death while males produce new sperm throughout adulthood, the postmenopausal stage makes the sex ratio in the fertile pool, called the adult sex ratio (ASR), male biased. Additionally, this affects a more fine-grained ratio, the operational sex ratio (OSR), defined as the ratio of males to females currently able to conceive. Here, we construct an ODE model in which males compete for paternities using either a multiple-mating or mate-guarding strategy. Our focus is on investigating the differences of strategy choice between populations with varying life histories, which include a distinct post-fertile stage for adult females. By simulating the system, we determine the dominant strategy and its dependence on various parameter combinations. Our results show that an increase in OSR and ASR correlates well with a change in the dominant strategy from multiple mating to guarding.

COMPARARTIVE PHYTOREMEDIATING POTENTIALS OF Jatropha curcas, Ixora coceinea, Codiaeum variagatum, Andropogum tectorium, Panicum maximum, Zea mays, Cajanus cajan FOR Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ AND Co2+

The emergence of the industrial revolution has led to an enormous increase in heavy metal pollution of the biosphere which subsequently became a threat to the environment and human life. Heavy metal pollution has been recognised as one of the most critical threats to soil and water resources, together with human health. The potential of Jatropha curcas, Ixora coceinea, Codiaeum variagatum(male and female), Andropogum tectorium, Panicum maximum, Zea mays and Cajanus cajan as suitable phytoremediators for soil matrix polluted with Zinc (Zn), Cobalt (Co), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) at 0.1M and 0.5M concentrations, and at 8 and 12 weeks of inoculation is the aim of this work.The plants were grown in soils polluted with 0.1m and 0.5M solutions of Pb2+, Cd2+, Co2+ and Zn2+, harvested after 8 and 12 weeks of inoculation. They were washed, air-dried, ashed, digested and concentrations of the metal ions in the plants were analysed. The results showed that there were significant interaction effects between the plants and the concentration of metal ions in the absorption of Pb2+(P< 0.01), Cd2+(P< 0.01), Co2+ (P< 0.01) and Zn2+ (P< 0.001). There was also significant interaction effects plants and the time of harvest in absorption of Pb2+(P< 0.01), Cd2+(P= 0.02) and Zn2+ (P< 0.001). No significant interaction was observed for absorption of Co (P= 0.36). At 0.5M concentration of Pb2+ and Cd2+, the mean Pb2+ and Cd2+absorptions in Codiaeum variagatum (female) were significantly higher than those of other plants. Also Ixora coceinea had the highest mean absorption of Co2+ when inoculated with 0.5M of the metal ion and at 8 weeks. While the mean Zn2+ absorption in Codiaeum variagatum (male) was significantly than those of other plants when inoculated with 0.5M Zn2+ and at 12 weeks. The flowering plants- Codiaeum variagatum (male and female) and Ixora coceinea showed better absorption of the metal ions than all other plants. These potentials shown by the flowering plants indicated that the plants could serve both aesthetic and phytoremediating functions at the same time.

State-level variation drives wolf management in the northwestern United States

Abstract Expanding carnivore populations in Europe and North America pose risks to human livelihoods. These risks can motivate wildlife managers to lethally remove carnivores—decisions that are often controversial and poorly understood. We used a 13-year dataset on gray wolves (Canis lupus) in the northwestern United States (Montana, Idaho, Washington, and Oregon) to analyze how social, demographic, and environmental variables influence lethal removal of wolves at the county and state levels. We found that state-level differences are a major driver of lethal removal decisions at the county level. The percentage of federally owned and protected lands was also positively correlated with lethal removal. Predation of livestock by wolves was not significantly correlated with wolf removals in Idaho, but was in Montana, Washington, and Oregon. Our results stress the need to make transparent the process by which recovering populations of carnivores are managed to enhance the legitimacy of management policies.

Evaluating the Role of COVID-19 Vaccines in Patient Outcomes

Abstract Background The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic posed a significant threat to human life. Vaccines played an unprecedented role in managing adverse outcomes, but the virus's ability to mutate and produce new variants posed ongoing challenges. This research aimed to examine the association between different types and numbers of doses of COVID-19 vaccinations and the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out on 161 COVID-19 patients hospitalized at Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman, Iran, during the eighth wave of the pandemic. Data on demographic features, symptoms, patient status, disease outcome, and vaccination history of patients were collected. Results Most patients (over 75%) had received 2 or 3 doses of the vaccine. Vaccination type and the number of doses showed significant differences based on patient gender (P = 0.048) and age group (P = 0.034), respectively. Shortness of breath showed significant differences based on the type of vaccine received (P = 0.0178). Fatigue substantially differed based on the number of vaccine doses (P = 0.03975). There were no significant differences in gastrointestinal symptoms, patient or disease status based on the number or type of vaccines, but lower death rates were observed in vaccinated patients. Additionally, while trends indicated better outcomes with a higher number of vaccine doses, there were no significant variations in blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) or respiratory rate based on the type or number of vaccine doses. Conclusions The findings highlight the role of vaccination in managing COVID-19 outcomes despite the reduction of vaccine efficacy against emerging variants.

Inotodiol induces hepatocellular carcinoma apoptosis by activation of MAPK/ERK pathway.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) has a high mortality and morbidity rate and seriously jeopardizes human life. Chemicals and chemotherapeutic agents have been experiencing problems such as side effects and drug resistance in the treatment of HCC, which cannot meet the needs of clinical treatment. Therefore, finding novel low-toxicity and high-efficiency anti-hepatocellular carcinoma drugs and exploring their mechanisms of action have become the current problems to be solved in the treatment of HCC. Several studies have reported anticancer effects of inotodiol. This study focuses on the anticancer effect of inotodiol in HCC cells and its molecular mechanism, aiming to explore its anticancer effect in depth. The CCK8 assay was utilized to assess cell viability, the scratch assay was utilized to detect migration ability, the clone formation assay was utilized to detect clonogenic ability, and flow cytometry was utilized to analyze apoptosis and cell cycle. Animal experiments was utilized to verify the inhibitory effect of inotodiol on HCC. Meanwhile, western blotting was utilized to detect proteins associated with apoptosis, cell cycle and MAPK/ERK pathway. These results showed that inotodiol has the ability to promote apoptosis, as well as inhibit the ability of cell proliferation, migration, and clonogenic ability. The cell cycle was arrested in G1 phase, when the expression of CDK2, CDK4, CDK6 and Cyclin D were inhibited. In addition, inotodiol showed to induce apoptosis, characterized by an increase in Bax expression, a decrease in Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and MCL1 expression, the initiation of cleaved PARP1 and cleaved caspase 3, and inhibition of the MAPK/ERK pathway. Animal studies demonstrated that inotodiol possessed the ability to suppress tumor growth in nude mice models, at the same time, there was no significant impact on the body weight and organs of the mice. In conclusion, the findings presented herein compellingly suggest that inotodiol may serve as a promising candidate for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Heavy metal biomonitoring and entomofauna distribution of enyigba mines in southeast, Nigeria

Heavy metals are metals with high atomic weight and substances with high electrical conductivity that voluntarily lose their electrons to form cations. The heavy metal biomonitoring and entomofauna distribution of enyigba mines in southeast, Nigeria was studied to determine the contamination of heavy metals base and attendant health risks using standard entomological techniques and atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Insects examined were Reticulitermes flavipes, Zonocerus elegans, Acraea acrita, and Crematogaster sp collected from Royal Salt mining sites. The study revealed the accumulation index of Po4 (683.70±677.50) was high followed by Mn, (11.00 ±10.90) Cu, (7.600 ±6.60) Cd, (0.350±0.145) at p<0.05. This is high compared to the codex standards. ANOVA results declared the concentration of heavy metals above permissible limits with a significant difference between site A (SA) and the control site (CS) at (p<0.0001). Also, there is an important difference observed between site A (SA) and site B (SB) (p<0.0001). The relatively higher concentrations of metals were found in Orthoptera, followed by termite where ants recorded the lowest metal concentration. The study further revealed that remarkable values were recorded in the Control Site (CS) (32944) followed by (SB) (20904) while SA recorded the least value (6644). However, the low species diversity and abundance in different sites is an indication of the impacts of heavy metals accumulation in the sites. However, accumulation of PO4 in the insects, especially at sites A and B, showed the effects of mining on PO4 generation is high and could pose health risks to human life if not mitigated. However, the wet season recorded higher abundance compared to the dry season on Reticulitermes flavipes followed by Crematogaster sp. whereas Acraea acrita recorded the least abundance.

ExAIRFC-GSDC: An Advanced Machine Learning-Based Interpretable Framework for Accurate Gas Leakage Detection and Classification

Gas leakage detection is imperative in various sectors, including chemical industries, coal mines, and household applications. The escalating number of accidents in coal mines, chemical industries, and homes underscores the urgency of swift and accurate gas detection methods. This research focuses on developing advanced systems that promptly identify gas types to prevent harm to human lives and the environment. This paper addresses the challenges of gas leakage detection and classification in diverse environments, such as industrial, residential, and mining scenarios. The proposed ExAIRFC-GSDC model integrates machine learning algorithms, particularly a Random Forest Classifier, with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques to enhance interpretability. This study employs a dataset comprising gas sensor measurements that encompassing gasses, such as Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG), Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), Methane, Propane, and others. Various machine learning classifiers, including K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machines, XGBoost, and others, are compared with ExAIRFC-GSDC for gas detection. The model demonstrates superior performance, achieving an accuracy rate of 98.67%. Incorporating SHAP and LIME explanations enhances the model's interpretability, providing insights into the contributions of individual sensors. Statistical analysis confirms the significant differences in sensor readings across different gas types. ExAIRFC-GSDC is a robust and explainable solution for accurate gas detection and classification in complex environments.

Sinkhole detection via deep learning using DEM images

Abstract Sinkholes, commonly observed in karstic regions, are landforms with unpredictable formation time and location. These landforms are an important natural disaster that threaten human life and country economies. Sinkholes, observed as cover collapse or depressions in nature, may be easily identified with remote sensing methods (digital elevation models, satellite and aerial photographs, etc.). These methods reduce time and labor burdens before field investigations. In this study, the aim was to accurately identify sinkholes by training a deep learning method with hillshade images obtained from DEM data. In line with this aim, the study area was identified as the Karapınar region (Konya, Türkiye), where many sinkholes have formed in recent periods linked to climatological and anthropological factors. In this study, 5 different (nano, small, medium, large and x-large) sinkhole detection models were developed using YOLO v8. The developed models provided high success rates in detecting sinkholes with different diameters and depths.

Understanding the Impact of Heavy Metals on the Environment and Human Life in a Non-Perennial River Basin South India – A Multi-Index Geochemical Analysis

In western Tamil Nadu, the Noyyal River basin is the primary water source for agriculture, industry, and consumption. The present research aims to evaluate the quality of surface water and the implications of heavy metal contamination on the surface waters within the Noyyal River basin. The major chemistry of the surface water exhibits the CaMgHCO3 type with dominant silicate weathering. The sodium absorption ratio and sodium percentage show the acceptability of water for irrigation purposes. On the other hand, water quality is unsuitable for human consumption during both seasons. The heavy metal pollution index revealed that 32% of monsoons and 40% of summer locations have a higher index (>100). Hazard index and Probability cancer risk show a higher risk of metal pollution, especially chromium in children than in adults and newborns. Principal component and cluster analysis shows that metals entering the river system mainly through industrial wastewater discharge during summer and monsoon seasons experience significant weathering through rainfall runoff. In essence, the study shows industrial activity plays a major role in increased surface water pollution in the study region with metals causing a major impact on the environment and human health, especially on children compared to adults.

The Impact of Socio-Demographic Variables on the Daily Use of Leisure Time by Adults in Poland with a Particular Focus on Older People

The sphere of leisure time fulfils important roles in human life, translating into the quality of life of the individual and society. Hence, comprehensive research is being conducted on the ways in which different age groups, including older people, use leisure time. However, few of them take into account factors related to the place of residence, which are important for respondents’ leisure time activities. This study aims to fill the gap in this regard. The aim of the article is to identify socio-demographic variables determining the way adults spend their leisure time, with a particular focus on older people in selected border municipalities in Poland. The study included 1068 individual questionnaire questionnaires completed in 2021 by respondents of border municipalities. One of the non-probability techniques was chosen as the method for selecting elements for the sample, namely, the quota method, which took into account the following characteristics of the population: age, gender, and place of residence. The analyses used selected methods of descriptive statistics and multivariate comparative analysis. The results confirmed that leisure use varied by gender, age, and education. The research also showed that, in the case of older people, leisure time use is influenced by elements relating to their place of residence. Particularly important were the development of green areas in the municipality, safety in the municipality, and the cleanliness of recreational sites.