Model Of Human Interaction Research Articles

Model Curation: Requisite Leadership and Practice in Digital Engineering Enterprises

Under the premise that model-centric engineering enterprises of the future will necessitate specialized competencies and leadership, ongoing research is investigating both model curation as a practice and model curator as a new leadership role. Specific needs and approaches for model curation have been generated through research investigation using primary and secondary sources. Four notional stages are used to frame the digital engineering paradigm shift, describing the characteristics of the enterprise and the respective leadership. This investigation suggests seven alternative forms for implementing model curation leadership roles and responsibilities, based on unique needs and organizational characteristics. Related research on human-model interaction, model-centric decision making, and model trust and integrity provide evidence of the importance of model curation for the envisioned future of digital engineering. Interim research findings have been shared with research stakeholders as a preliminary validation of needs, as well as capturing emerging practices related to strategic management of models.

Modeling and recognition of human limbs cooperative interaction based on Random Increased Hybrid Learning Machine

In this paper, we study the identification problem of human limbs synergistic interaction based on the application of natural human-computer interaction. We proposed an identification model of human limbs cooperative interaction based on the Random Increased Hybrid Learning Machine for the unique requirements of natural human-computer interaction applications. The model combines the motion region image, the Hu invariant moment model and the RIHLM. In this paper, the algorithm theory, the model rationality and the implementation of the human motion recognition model based on the RIHLM is described. Finally, by comparing the experimental results, we verified that the model presented in this paper has better robustness, timeliness and accuracy in the application of natural human-computer interaction.

Pedestrian trajectory prediction via the Social‐Grid LSTM model

In the design of intelligent driving systems, reliable and accurate trajectory prediction of pedestrians is necessary. With the prediction of pedestrians’ trajectory, the possible collisions can be avoided or warned as early as possible by changing the behaviour of intelligent vehicles. The trajectory prediction problem can be considered as a sequence learning problem, in which one of the recurrent neural network (RNN) models called long short term memory (LSTM) has been regarded as a promising method. The authors present a new method for predicting the pedestrian's trajectory, which is called Social-Grid LSTM based on RNN architecture. The proposed method combines the human–human interaction model called social pooling and the Grid LSTM network model. The performance of the proposed method is demonstrated on two available public datasets, and compared with two baseline methods (LSTM and Social LSTM). The experimental results indicate that the authors’ proposed method outperforms previous prediction approaches.

Biomechanical Modeling of Prosthetic Mesh and Human Tissue Surrogate Interaction.

Surgical repair of hernia and prolapse with prosthetic meshes are well-known to cause pain, infection, hernia recurrence, and mesh contraction and failures. In literature, mesh failure mechanics have been studied with uniaxial, biaxial, and cyclic load testing of dry and wet meshes. Also, extensive experimental studies have been conducted on surrogates, such as non-human primates and rodents, to understand the effect of mesh stiffness, pore size, and knitting patterns on mesh biocompatibility. However, the mechanical properties of such animal tissue surrogates are widely different from human tissues. Therefore, to date, mechanics of the interaction between mesh and human tissues is poorly understood. This work addresses this gap in literature by experimentally and computationally modeling the biomechanical behavior of mesh, sutured to human tissue phantom under tension. A commercially available mesh (Prolene®) was sutured to vaginal tissue phantom material and tested at different uniaxial strains and strain rates. Global and local stresses at the tissue phantom, suture, and mesh were analyzed. The results of this study provide important insights into the mechanics of prosthetic mesh failure and will be indispensable for better mesh design in the future.

Interspecies comparison of putative ligand binding sites of human, rat and mouse P-glycoprotein

Prior to the clinical phases of testing, safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetic profiles of lead compounds are evaluated in animal studies. These tests are primarily performed in rodents, such as mouse and rats. In order to reduce the number of animal experiments, computational models that predict the outcome of these studies and thus aid in prioritization of preclinical candidates are heavily needed. However, although computational models for human off-target interactions with decent quality are available, they cannot easily be transferred to rodents due to lack of respective data. In this study, we assess the transferability of human P-glycoprotein activity data for development of in silico models to predict in vivo effects in rats and mouse using a structure-based approach. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an ATP-dependent efflux transporter that transports xenobiotic compounds such as toxins and drugs out of cells and has a broad substrate and inhibitor specificity. Being mostly expressed at barriers, it influences the bioavailability of drugs and thus contributes also to toxicity. Comparison of the binding site interaction profiles of human, rat and mouse P-gp derived from docking studies with a set of common inhibitors suggests that the inhibitors share potentially similar binding modes. These findings encourage the use of in vitro human P-gp data for predicting in vivo effects in rodents and thus contributes to the 3Rs (Replace, Reduce and Refine) of animal experiments.

A theory of interactional systems: semantic connections and relational contextics

The aim of this paper is to develop a theoretical proposition based on the study of intercultural miscommunication, which has shown that the creation, evolution and ending of interactional misunderstandings can be understood by using systemic theories (Wagener, 2009a, 2010). In this perspective, human interactions obey basic principle that can be applied to biological life in its simplest expression, although said interactions draw on sophisticated devices used to trigger and maintain relationships and communication variations. We thus wish to combine the systemic, the pragmatic and the connectionist paradigms to represent both nuances and subtleties of human rapports. A systemic model of human interactions, namely the interactional system, would then draw on the flexibility and adaptability of its fundamental parameters. The main purpose of the present work is to elaborate on a theory of interactional systems by proposing a coherent and comprehensive approach of interactional dynamics, in order to present an accurate modelisation of the complexity of human interactions – especially when said interactions suffer situations of conflictual destabilisation.

A theory of interactional systems: semantic connections and relational contextics

The aim of this paper is to develop a theoretical proposition based on the study of intercultural miscommunication, which has shown that the creation, evolution and ending of interactional misunderstandings can be understood by using systemic theories (Wagener, 2009a, 2010). In this perspective, human interactions obey basic principle that can be applied to biological life in its simplest expression, although said interactions draw on sophisticated devices used to trigger and maintain relationships and communication variations. We thus wish to combine the systemic, the pragmatic and the connectionist paradigms to represent both nuances and subtleties of human rapports. A systemic model of human interactions, namely the interactional system, would then draw on the flexibility and adaptability of its fundamental parameters. The main purpose of the present work is to elaborate on a theory of interactional systems by proposing a coherent and comprehensive approach of interactional dynamics, in order to present an accurate modelisation of the complexity of human interactions – especially when said interactions suffer situations of conflictual destabilisation.

ІНТЕРСУБ’ЄКТНА ВЗАЄМОДІЯ ЯК БАЛАНС СВОБОДИ ТА СТРУКТУРИ

The intersubject interaction is analyzed in its broad and narrow interpretation within the article. Freedom and structure correlation in intersubject human interaction is investigated. Intersubject interaction is viewed as a space of mutual development and agental growth, which are explicated via the increase of activity, reflexivity, creativity and authorship. Intersubject interaction as a special form of human communication stimulates the agental rate of interaction participants to grow, which can result in the increase of creativity, responsibility and reflexivity. The developments of intersubject interaction as co-developmental relations may occur in acts of friendship, help, care, dialogue, listening to the others and so on. The concept of intersubjectness makes a clear display of exteriorized process of human development, which implements as a person’s communication with others. In other words, intersubject interaction is such interpersonal interactions type, which is the development in its process and results. The development of a person and his/her agental traits is performed within the intersubject interaction dynamics. The result of intersubject communication is the growth of the communication participants’ agency rate. The possibilities to correlate cultural-historical, existential, subject and deed-subject approaches are studied in relation to intersubject interaction. The possibility to include the concept of reflexion into the explanative model of human intersubject interaction is explored. It is argued that interaction becomes intersubject upon condition of openness in human relations. The results of pilot survey of the intersubject questionnaire by M.M. Nakonechna are presented. The intersubject questionnaire by M.M. Nakonechna is created for the psychological diagnostics of intersubjectness as an integral feature of human interaction that explicates in communicative skills, the tendency to communicate and to interact with others, positive emotions in communication process. The results showed the sufficient figures of the technique’s validity (Cronbach’s alpha α=0,777). The data is grouped according to the intersubjectness development levels (high, medium, low).

Community structure of copper supply networks in the prehistoric Balkans: An independent evaluation of the archaeological record from the 7th to the 4th millennium BC

Complex networks analyses of many physical, biological and social phenomena show remarkable structural regularities, yet, their application in studying human past interaction remains underdeveloped. Here, we present an innovative method for identifying community structures in the archaeological record that allow for independent evaluation of the copper using societies in the Balkans, from c. 6200 to c. 3200 BC. We achieve this by exploring modularity of networked systems of these societies across an estimated 3000 years. We employ chemical data of copper-based objects from 79 archaeological sites as the independent variable for detecting most densely interconnected sets of nodes with a modularity maximization method. Our results reveal three dominant modular structures across the entire period, which exhibit strong spatial and temporal significance. We interpret patterns of copper supply among prehistoric societies as reflective of social relations, which emerge as equally important as physical proximity. Although designed on a variable isolated from any archaeological and spatiotemporal information, our method provides archaeologically and spatiotemporally meaningful results. It produces models of human interaction and cooperation that can be evaluated independently of established archaeological systematics, and can find wide application on any quantitative data from archaeological and historical record.

Identifying and modeling the structural discontinuities of human interactions

The idea of a hierarchical spatial organization of society lies at the core of seminal theories in human geography that have strongly influenced our understanding of social organization. Along the same line, the recent availability of large-scale human mobility and communication data has offered novel quantitative insights hinting at a strong geographical confinement of human interactions within neighboring regions, extending to local levels within countries. However, models of human interaction largely ignore this effect. Here, we analyze several country-wide networks of telephone calls - both, mobile and landline - and in either case uncover a systematic decrease of communication induced by borders which we identify as the missing variable in state-of-the-art models. Using this empirical evidence, we propose an alternative modeling framework that naturally stylizes the damping effect of borders. We show that this new notion substantially improves the predictive power of widely used interaction models. This increases our ability to understand, model and predict social activities and to plan the development of infrastructures across multiple scales.

Human-Robot Interaction Based GUI

Nowadays, technological developments interactions in general, couldn't be separated from the rapid development of computer technology and human interaction. So that, supporting the user to be able to develop various models of interactions, especially the interactions between humans and robots. This study proposes a model of design and manufacture of human and robot interaction, in the form of a visual display on a computer controlling the robot motion. Object interaction in this study is using 4WD Smart Car Robot. Some of the tools used to build a robot control system at the time of interaction, including Netbeans IDE, based on JAVA and Arduino. The control algorithm is applied to build an optimal control system to model an interaction between humans and robots. Model of human interaction and robot is fully carried by the user in control of robot motion. The proposed interaction model can be implemented in real terms, in designing and making a model of human interaction and robot.

Theories and Concepts for Human Behavior in Environmental Preservation

This paper reviews vital behavioral and environmental theories that are capable of nurturing pro-environmental citizenry. Theories are developed to explain, predict, and enhance the understanding of phenomena. Theories challenge and extend the frontiers of knowledge within the boundaries of critical bounding assumptions. Theories vary in their development on the basis of the concepts and methods employed and empirical test undertaken. The testability of a theory is one of its essential feature. An integrative application of different behavioral and environmental theories could prove to be invaluable in solving contemporary environmental problems. The models and theories reviewed in this paper include; primitive models (behavioural change model, environmentally responsible behaviour model, reasoned/responsible action theory), planned behaviour theory, environmental citizenship model, model of human interaction with the environment, the value-belief-norm theory of environmentalism, health belief theory and diffusion of innovation model. This paper concludes that none of these theories can independently entirely explain human-environment interaction, but a combination of these theories will undoubtedly provide further insights and possible solutions to the increasing 21st century environmental problems posed by humans and her technology.

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL HIV INFECTION PROCESSES

In this paper analyzed the publications of international databases HighWire, PubMed, Google Scholar in the period 1981–2016 years. Proposed an original classification models. All the basic mathematical models developed for the human immunodeficiency virus are categorized into 2 levels: organism and population. The organism level is divided into models of virus and human interaction (HIV replication, study of the kinetics of viral population in the development of the disease, the molecular mechanisms of inte- raction with immune cells) and models of the inhibitory effect of anti-retroviral drugs (simulations of different therapeutic schemes, the development of resistance mutations HIV in cell reservoirs, treatment as a preventive measure). The population level can be divided into models of spread of HIV in a population (the circulation of different genotypes of HIV, the analysis of human population structure by age, sex and risk of contingent and trends in different geographical areas, the study of factors contributing to the spread of HIV infection) and management models, making the most effective use of health care system resources for the counteract the epidemic (preventive work analysis, evaluation of the economic costs of screening, therapeutic activities, forecasting the socio-eco- nomic impact). The authors consider the most significant achievements of each of these groups, and highlight unresolved problems

Explaining interactive alignment: A multimodal and multifactorial account

A growing body of evidence shows that dialogue involves a process of synchronization across speakers at different semiotic levels. In this paper, we study which factors predict this synchronization process at the lexical and gestural level. A multifactorial analysis based on a video corpus of dyadic interactions reveals that cumulative priming can account for alignment at both levels. However, there is a crucial difference between the two modalities: at the lexical level cumulative priming is the only factor with explanatory power, whereas at the gestural level, alignment is best explained by how talkative speakers are, by whether or not two gestures overlap, and whether the gestures occur towards the end of the conversations. A comparison with related studies shows that high-level, referential synchronization and low-level, behavioural synchronization seem to be governed by different rules. Models of human interaction that focus on synchronization, should take both strands of research into account.

Modelling the impact of social network on energy savings

It is noted that human behaviour changes can have a significant impact on energy consumption, however, qualitative study on such an impact is still very limited, and it is necessary to develop the corresponding mathematical models to describe how much energy savings can be achieved through human engagement. In this paper a mathematical model of human behavioural dynamic interactions on a social network is derived to calculate energy savings. This model consists of a weighted directed network with time evolving information on each node. Energy savings from the whole network is expressed as mathematical expectation from probability theory. This expected energy savings model includes both direct and indirect energy savings of individuals in the network. The savings model is obtained by network weights and modified by the decay of information. Expected energy savings are calculated for cases where individuals in the social network are treated as a single information source or multiple sources. This model is tested on a social network consisting of 40 people. The results show that the strength of relations between individuals is more important to information diffusion than the number of connections individuals have. The expected energy savings of optimally chosen node can be 25.32% more than randomly chosen nodes at the end of the second month for the case of single information source in the network, and 16.96% more than random nodes for the case of multiple information sources. This illustrates that the model presented in this paper can be used to determine which individuals will have the most influence on the social network, which in turn provides a useful guide to identify targeted customers in energy efficiency technology rollout programmes.

NEGARA SEKULAR–ISLAM Deskripsi Pandangan Dr. Muhammad Syahrur mengenai Hubungan Syura, Demokrasi dan Negara dalam Islam

Al-Qur`an as main source of thought in Islam, viewed, has the fundamental norm-ethic and principles of society and individual life needed in the modern democratic state. The State as peak institutional model of human comunity interaction is accumulation of knowledge conscience, ethic value, social and politic behaviour that held in society life as the subjective and objective dimension of state. That can be realizied if civil rights garanted and protected totally as same as everyone can build the human material-spiritual capasities in the diversity paths. Argued, Islam which based to syariah and nubuwwah dimension -- that recited and actuated in contemporary model of syura as high value of islamic democratic and humanity – propose a secular state system based to Islamic fundamental norm.

Transport walking in urban neighbourhoods—Impact of perceived neighbourhood qualities and emotional relationship

This paper adds to the relatively few European studies on the pedestrian friendliness of urban areas, and on transport walking. Using the Human Environment Interaction (HEI) model (Küller, 1991), the study explores the associations between perceived neighbourhood spatial-physical and social environmental qualities and walking to neighbourhood destinations, and examines whether these associations are mediated by the emotional relationship to the residential neighbourhood. One hundred and ten urban residents in the city of Malmö, Sweden, completed a web-based survey, including measurements of walking intentions and behaviours, and the short version of both the Perceived Residential Environment Quality Indicators (PREQIs) and the Neighbourhood Attachment Scale (NAS). Structural Equation Modeling revealed direct effects of individual factors and neighbourhood spatial-physical and social environmental qualities on transport walking. The effect of environmental qualities was partly mediated by participants' emotional relationship to the residential neighbourhood. Spatial-physical as well as social-relational features of the neighbourhood seem to play a role in walking intentions and behaviours, thereby emphasising the importance of considering both aspects in measures to improve urban pedestrian friendliness.

"Relations, Routines, and Forms: A Theory of Organizational Social Structure"

This paper addresses a shortcoming in theories of organizational forms; namely, that none of the major theories in use today are generalizable across cultures and resource niches. Relational Models Theory, based on four models of human interaction, is used to augment organizational theory to correct this weakness. Drawing on theories of routines and ecological processes, I argue the four relational models are the basis for all social action that constitutes routines. Routines are the microfoundations that aggregate to form organizations; they constitute both intra- and inter-organizational human relations. These relations are measurable as the social networks that characterize the internal and external interactions of organizations’ members. Routines are selected by ecological factors, and contribute to the success or failure of organizational actions. Future research is addressed throughout the paper, and empirical examples are incorporated from multiple organizational science perspectives.

Urgent Information Spreading Multi-layer Model for Simulation in Mobile Networks

Information spreading simulation is an important problem in scientific community and is widely studied nowadays using different techniques. Efficient users’ activity simulation for urgent scenarios is even more important, because fast and accurate reaction in such situations can save human lives. In this paper we present multi-layer agent-based network model for information spreading simulation in urgent scenarios, which allows to investigate agents’ behavior in a variety of situations. This model can be used for live city simulation in integration with other agent-based human interaction models. Experimental results demonstrate logical consistency of the proposed approach and show different cases of information spreading in the network with different social aspect.

Acute experimental changes in mood state regulate immune function in relation to central opioid neurotransmission: a model of human CNS-peripheral inflammatory interaction

Although evidence shows depressed moods enhance risk for somatic diseases, molecular mechanisms underlying enhanced somatic susceptibility are ill-defined. Knowledge of these molecular mechanisms will inform development of treatment and prevention strategies across comorbid depressive and somatic illnesses. Existing evidence suggests that interleukin-18 (IL-18; an IL-1 family cytokine) is elevated in depression and implicated in pathophysiology underlying comorbid medical illnesses. We previously identified strong associations between baseline IL-18 and μ-opioid receptor availability in major depressive disorder (MDD) volunteers. Combined with the evidence in animal models, we hypothesized that experimental mood induction would change IL-18, the extent proportional to opioid neurotransmitter release. Using the Velten technique in a [11C]carfentanil positron emission tomography neuroimaging study, we examined the impact of experimentally induced mood (sad, neutral) on plasma IL-18 and relationships with concurrent changes in the central opioid neurotransmission in 28 volunteers (healthy, MDD). Results showed mood induction impacted IL-18 (F2,25=12.2, P<0.001), sadness increasing IL-18 (T27=2.6, P=0.01) and neutral mood reducing IL-18 (T27=−4.1, P<0.001). In depressed volunteers, changes in IL-18 were more pronounced (F2,25=3.6, P=0.03) and linearly proportional to sadness-induced μ-opioid activation (left ventral pallidum, bilateral anterior cingulate cortices, right hypothalamus and bilateral amygdala). These data demonstrate that dynamic changes of a pro-inflammatory IL-1 superfamily cytokine, IL-18, and its relationship to μ-opioid neurotransmission in response to experimentally induced sadness. Further testing is warranted to delineate the role of neuroimmune interactions involving IL-18 in enhancing susceptibility to medical illness (that is, diabetes, heart disease and persistent pain states) in depressed individuals.