Quality Of Human Capital Research Articles

FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN CAPITAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN CAPITAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Investigating the Challenges Confronting Vocational Education in Botswana and Potential Remedies: An Empirical Study

The importance of vocational education for improving national human capital cannot be underscored. Yet, its objective of improving the quality and quantity of human capital has yet to be fully achieved due to its shortcomings. The training system's significant challenges have yet to be determined and explored to develop appropriate interventions. This study examined the challenges bedevilling vocational education in Botswana, leading to its failure to execute its mandate fully. The paper followed a positivist paradigm whereby a survey design was adopted with the quantitative methodology used to collect data using a questionnaire administered to 61 respondents. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), producing descriptive and inferential statistics. The study results revealed many challenges facing vocational education in Botswana, such as the lack of quality instructors and ineffective delivery, lack of finance leading to low-salaried teachers who are not motivated and lack of adequate infrastructure, among others. It is, therefore, imperative for policymakers to consider the findings of this study to develop more effective strategies for enhancing the delivery of vocational education in the country to avoid wastage of limited resources.

Optimizing Economic Development Through the Synergistic Influence of Information Technology on Educational Access and Human Capital Quality Enhancement

This research aims to provide a deeper insight into the potential synergy between information technology, educational access, and the enhancement of human capital quality in the context of economic development. The research employs a comprehensive examination of available literature using qualitative analysis to gain a thorough understanding of the topic, encompassing the timeframe from 2015 to 2023. The study's findings indicate that optimizing economic development through the synergy of information technology, educational access, and the enhancement of human capital quality is a fundamental and relevant paradigm in addressing the challenges and opportunities of the globalization era. The integration of information technology into the education sector provides broader and more equitable access, while the improvement of human capital quality through technology establishes a strong foundation for sustainable economic growth.

Forecast model for the development of financing of agricultural sector companies through private investment funds

The article presents the problems of development of the private equity fund market in Kazakhstan, examines the current structure of the private equity fund market and its main participants; the impact of private equity fundson the performance of companies in the agro-industrial sector is discussed. The purpose of the work is to obtain a quantitative assessment of the company’s performance through its investment by a private equity fund based on the use of economic and mathematical modeling. Private equity funds, entering the share capital of the invested company, not only bring material investments, but also improve the company’s management. The paper highlights factors that influence the efficiency of the invested company the introduction of corporate governance practices, systematic risk management, and the quality of human capital. Based on economic and mathematical modeling, a quantitative assessment was made of the impact of cooperation of a private equity fund on the company’s financial performance operating profitability and return on equity. The increase in the estimated operating profitability in the post-investment stage proves the authors’ hypothesis about the positive impact of private equity funds on the company’s performance.

Human capital quality and its impact on economic growth of Russian regions

Purpose: is to empirically substantiate the impact of human capital quality on the economic growth of the regions of Russia on the basis of theoretical and methodological generalization of its main aspects.Methods: along with traditional methods, specific methods were used, such as content analysis, methods of expert assessments and comparative analysis, and the calculation and graphic technique of Xiang-Yeaple, which allowed to identify the state of human capital quality, as well as establish its optimal structure suitable for dynamic economic development.Results: the cognitive and non-cognitive parameters of human potential are established as a realistic factor in the dynamics of gross regional product that determines the future pace of economic development. A comparative analysis of the labor demand and supply elasticity coefficients has revealed the degree of impact of its quality in ensuring the corresponding trends of economic growth. It was proven that significant investments in human capital and high levels of its development represent only a factor of ensuring economic growth and don’t guarantee its achievement. Recommendations for ensuring the development of labor potential as determinant of economic development, the growth rates of which largely depends on the human capital quality.Сonclusions and Relevance: the Russian economy should focus on the formation and development of high-quality human capital through talent-fueled innovation by reforming the existing education system and assessing scientific potential in order to optimize the labor and branch structure suitable for high-quality economic growth. Human capital should be structured considering the parameters of its quality, the level of available labor potential, and the types of activities that require advanced knowledge for systemic economic growth.

HEALTH AS AN ELEMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL AND A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC GROWTH

The purpose of this article is to present research results of the main approaches to interpreting the essence of human potential and health as its main element and factor of the functioning efficiency. The main task of the conducted research was to analyze, systematize and summarize available information on the essence and structure of human potential in the context of importance and role of health in it, and to present the obtained results in the form of conclusions that can be useful for different levels of power authorities and administrative economic bodies, especially for enterprises seeking to improve quality of their human potential as a basis for further economic growth. The methodology of the research conducted on the topic of this article is based on application of the principles of dialectical method of scientific research in the best possible combination with analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, scientific abstraction, organic integrity of history and logic in economic researching by using monographic and descriptive methods, as well as methods of generalization, comparison, scientific predictions and forecasting. The main sources of information used in the course of the conducted research included materials of official information sources, publications of domestic and foreign scientists related to the identified research direction, and the results of authors’ personal observations. The research has clarified evolution of the concept and structure of the category of human capital and the place of health in it, as well as its impact on the level of population’s well-being, which is formed as a result of the combined effect of economic growth and health status. The scientific novelty of the results of the conducted research consists in the formed dependence, having the character of a circular closed cycle, between the level of health, the quality of human capital and economic growth. The most promising direction of the further research on the impact of health on economic growth due to the quality of human capital, and impact of economic growth on health may revealed in development of the methodology for determining the tightness of the mentioned relation at each link of the established chain of dependencies.

The Influence of Regulatory Policy, Technology Infrastructure, and Human Resource Quality on Economic Growth in Surabaya City

Economic growth of a city is a multifaceted phenomenon that is influenced by various factors, including regulatory policies, technological infrastructure, and the quality of human resources. This quantitative analysis investigates these determinants in the context of Surabaya City. Through surveys data analysis, we use Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to examine the relationship between regulatory policy, technological infrastructure, human capital quality, and economic growth. Our results show a significant positive relationship between these factors and economic growth, providing insights that can guide policymakers, business leaders, and academics in advancing the economic prosperity of Surabaya City.

Does air pollution inhibit digital finance? Evidence from Chinese prefecture-level cities.

Air pollution poses significant health and economic challenges globally and specifically affecting China. Although air pollution has been associated with decreased productivity and biases in decision-making, its effect on the development of digital finance has received limited attention in the literature. By employing city-level data from China covering the period from 2013 to 2020, this research examines the impact of air pollution on digital finance. The results show that deteriorating air quality has a negligible impact on digitalization, whereas it has a negative impact on financial inclusion, measured by usage and coverage metrics. The negative impact on financial inclusion is more noticeable in economically weaker and less developed urban areas and low R&D than in developed areas and economically robust cities. The mechanism analysis shows that air pollution reduces human capital quality, resulting in a decline in financial inclusivity. These findings have significant policy implications, underscoring the necessity for approaches that simultaneously tackle air pollution and foster financial innovation.

Analisis Pengaruh Pengeluaran Pemerintah terhadap Kualitas Sumber Daya Insani Perspektif Maqasyid Syariah: Bukti Empiris di Negara-Negara Berkembang OKI

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of government expenditure on education and health on enhancing the quality of human resources in developing nations that are members of the OIC under maqasyid sharia. This study employs panel data and spans eight emerging nations (upper middle-income countries) from 2011 to 2020. The panel data model employed is the random effect model. The findings reveal that the variable of government spending on education has no effect on the growth of human resource quality. Government health investment has a considerable beneficial impact on the development of human resources in OIC emerging nations. When examined concurrently, government investment in education and health has a considerable beneficial effect on human capital development. Thus, long-term and coordinated investment in these two areas can bring significant rewards in terms of boosting human capital quality. According to maqasyid sharia, government expenditure in these two areas can assist individuals in achieving goals such as defending religion, soul, mind, children, and property in order to attain Falah

Leadership in a Private Higher Education Institution in Mexico:

Leadership for the new digital era and the 4.0 industry comes with some challenges for organizations across the board; and, in the education field, for institutions and educators alike. Understanding the need to transform and innovate processes is necessary to offer high-quality programs to students and competitive opportunities to educators. In Higher Education (HE) institutions, it is of great urgency to assign and distribute such leadership skills and tasks to educators and students, to provide and ease specific tasks at hand, and to encourage collaborators in the development of leadership skills for the classroom and to promote lifelong leadership skills for students too. In Mexico, the HE system looks to include new ways to innovate, collaborate and even compete with other national and foreign institutions for the most qualified human capital. Tecnologico de Monterrey, a private institution, is not only one of the top-ranking universities in Mexico, but it also has a strong emphasis on leadership development for its students and collaborators. The case of Sonora Norte Campus is a successful one, its empowerment approach toward building, nurturing, and developing quality leaders. A qualitative study was conducted to identify the practices of the institution and the leadership practices in the institution's different schools. We conducted semi-structured interviews with leaders and collaborators which resulted in understanding the leadership dynamics on the campus, the different styles of leadership among its collaborators as well as some of the challenges they face. This study provides a look into the leadership in a private HE institution, and some of its successful practices. This study proves to be relevant for other heads of HE institutions in the world (and in other Tecnologico de Monterrey campuses nationwide) interested in adding and researching effective leadership practices to their agendas.

Engineering Graduates' Skill Acquisition and Employers Skill Need as applied to Science Education in Ethiopia

Demand for relevant skills and competences have increased with changing science and technology, globalization, and the intensity and complexity of the business environment across the world. This study investigated levels of engineering graduate skill acquisition and employers' skill needs as applied to science education. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study employed both primary and secondary sources of data. The study involved 275 participants recruited using simple random and purposive sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using the mean, standard deviation, and one-way ANOVA. The study found a wider mismatch between levels of higher education supply and labor market needs for indicators of academic, technical, interpersonal, and generic skills. While higher education moderately equipped engineering graduates with the majority of indicators of these skill sets, labor market needs for the same skills remain high. The mismatches between the demand and supply of skills have several implications, it compromises firms' productivity, result in market losses, hamper economic growth, competitiveness, and innovative capacity at the macro-economic level, decrease quality human capital by discouraging investment in education and training, and challenge graduates in finding jobs suitable for their field of study. These require universities and employers to conduct real labor market skills' needs assessments before designing training curriculum; shifting curriculum delivery from theory-focused to practical-oriented modes of teaching and ensuring learners' acquisition of skills demanded by employers; and establishing strong and sustainable linkages between industries and training institutes. It is also good if future research focuses on skills employees acquire at work through experience and factors attributed to mismatches between higher education skill supply and employers' skill needs.

Building Quality of Human Capital through Pre-Marital School for Teenagers in Ciherang Village

The number of child marriages in Indonesia continues to increase and Indonesia is in the top 10 with the highest number of child marriages in the world. Pre-Marital School is a non-formal learning about marriage preparation for adolescents to gain knowledge and readiness before entering family life. The objectives of the Pre-Marital School are to reduce the high rate of child marriage, change adolescents' perception of family welfare, increase adolescents' knowledge related to family welfare and family functions, family nutrition, and improve family welfare. This study used action research method, which is organizing measurable action activities for teenagers in Ciherang Village, Bogor Regency, West Java. The number of participants involved was 16 teenagers. The data collected were pre-test and post-test data. The data was processed with SPPS by looking at the average change in knowledge. The results show that there has been a change in adolescents' perceptions about the importance of forming a prosperous family, an increase in adolescents' knowledge about the minimum age of marriage, indicators of prosperous family stages and family functions, and an increase in knowledge about family nutrition in adolescents. The success of this program shows that it is necessary to re-conduct similar programs that can be carried out in other areas. It is hoped that this program can reduce the number of child marriages in Indonesia.

The Impact Of Human Capital Quality, Public Health, Education Quality, And Public Services On Governance, All Of Which Have Implications For Community Well-Being

The objective of this study was to assess the impact of human resource quality, public health, education quality, and public services on governance, which has an impact on community welfare. A random sampling approach was used to randomly select 330 respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect data. SEM-PLS with structural equation modelling (SEM) was used for data analysis. Based on the findings of the study, the quality of human resources, public health, quality of education, public services, and governance all have a significant impact on community welfare. These five research variables are prioritised for improvement. The quality of human resources, public health, education, and public services show useful results, which can be a solution to welfare problems to achieve good governance, as long as they are within the framework of improving community welfare and not exploiting them for other personal gains. This research also shows the importance of the Muara Enim Regency government in preventing corrupt practices, especially since corrupt practices have a significant impact on people's welfare, because they not only make administrative procedures slow, expensive, and inefficient, but also divert resources to local governments. The Muara Enim Regency Government is expected to be able to equip its people with quality human resources, health services, public education, and public services, resulting in superior governance. This research also proposes that the Muara Enim Regency Government be more successful in making policies to stay on track and improve the human development index.

Is ICT innovation a recipe for carbon efficiency gains? Evidence from patent retrieval

In recent years, information and communication technology (ICT) innovation has been an essential part of China's strategy for achieving low carbon and improving carbon emission efficiency (CEE). This research innovatively calculates ICT innovation indexes for 30 Chinese regions and 12 ICT innovation indexes from 2007 to 2019 across 30 regions in China. Based on this, this study investigates how ICT innovation affects CEE from a digital technology innovation perspective by applying the system-generalized method of moments (SYS-GMM) dynamic technique. This study also explores the mediating effect of industrial structure upgrading and R&D intensity and the threshold effect of human capital. The results show that ICT innovation facilitates CEE improvement, with High-speed network and Large-capacity and high-speed storage technologies being the main contributors to green technology. ICT innovation indirectly improves the CEE level by enhancing the industrial structure and R&D intensity. Additionally, the impact of ICT innovation on CEE tends to grow when human capital quality rises. The results of this paper will benefit policymakers in developing emission reduction plans from an ICT innovation perspective.

The impact of intelligent manufacturing on labor productivity: An empirical analysis of Chinese listed manufacturing companies

Integrating a variety of disruptive information technologies and advanced manufacturing technologies, intelligent manufacturing (IM) has been increasingly adopted by manufacturers around the globe. While previous studies have extensively demonstrated the technological characteristics as well as industrial applications of IM, only a few studies have investigated the likely operational performance effects of IM at the firm-level, presumably due to limited data availability. Accordingly, the motivation of this study is to empirically examine the impact of IM adoption on operational performance in terms of labor productivity, and the conditions under which adopters may reap more benefits from IM. We leverage the resource-based view as the theoretical lens and use the difference-in-differences method to analyze the staggered implementation of IM pilot projects with 16,441 firm-year observations between 2010 and 2020 in China. Our results show that the adoption of IM has positive and significant impacts on Chinese listed manufacturing companies’ labor productivity. In addition, manufacturers with higher employee human capital quality and R&D intensity, as well as operating in more competitive industries will enjoy a more salient IM implementation-labor productivity benefit. Overall, our study contributes to the emerging IM literature by providing empirical evidence of the productivity enhancement effect of IM adoption based on large-scale secondary data, and it also supports the view that successful adoption of innovative technology stems from a proper fit between that technology and diverse internal and external contingencies.

Sino-Russian cooperation in science and technology: A benefit or a harm?

The issues of Sino-Russian cooperation in science and technology are the subject of the studies by both Russian and Chinese economists. However, there are still few works that systematise the main science and technology indicators (MSTI) of both countries and the impact of sanctions on the science and technology development. Filling this research gap is the goal of the present contribution. Methodologically, the paper is based on macroeconomic analysis. The methods include retrospective and comparative analysis, grouping, as well as SWOT analysis. The data were sourced from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, the World Bank, and the National Bureau of Statistics of China. The paper identifies success factors behind China and Russia’s science and technology development and reveals that the common factor for both countries is high quality of human capital. The MSTI analysis of each country for the period of 2010–2021, such as the share of R&D expenditure in GDP, the ratio of patents issued on inventions to country’s workingage population, the share of high-tech exports and imports in GDP, international publication activity, etc. demonstrates national differences in their scale. The SWOT analysis of the Sino-Russian cooperation in science and technology shows that the main threat to the cooperation is the sanctions pressure. The authors conclude that such cooperation does not promote Russia’s science and technology development; moreover, it may itself put the country in jeopardy as it could turn into a resource appendage of the PRC. The findings can be useful in the development of road maps and strategies for the implementation of cooperation in science and technology between China and Russia.

ІНСТИТУТ ОБУМОВЛЕНИХ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ТРАНСФЕРТІВ: У ПОШУКАХ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ В УКРАЇНІ

Розглянуто інститут обумовлених соціальних трансфертів, інституціалізація якого сприятиме підвищенню ефективності соціальної політики України і покращенню якості людського капіталу. Обґрунтовано важливість їх застосування в соціальній політиці України. Визначено позитивні й дискусійні аспекти даного інструменту в межах соціального захисту населення. Сформовано пропозиції стосовно розвитку інклюзивної функції соціального захисту, що сприятиме збільшенню можливостей соціалізації у різних сферах життя, нагромадженню людського капіталу і підвищенню соціальної мобільності шляхом розвитку інституту обумовлених соціальних трансфертів, під якими розуміється грошова допомога, яка надається як засіб боротьби з бідністю, вирівнювання доходів і підвищення ступеня соціальної інклюзії домогосподарств з обов’язковими умовами її використання. Визначено умови витрачання допомоги, які доцільно впровадити в соціальному захисті в Україні для посилення інклюзивної функції, серед яких освіта, культура, спорт, інвестиції у людський капітал дітей, вплив на склад споживання продуктів харчування, медичне обслуговування, придбання ліків, стимулювання споживання товарів і послуг вітчизняного виробництва, участь у активних програмах зайнятості, суспільно-корисній діяльності. Запропоновано впроваджувати таку вимогу для отримання соціальної допомоги працездатними членами суспільства як участь у програмах зайнятості державних органів зайнятості населення. Визначено, що інституціалізація соціального захисту населення працездатного віку має відбуватись у бік посилення сенситивності зв’язку між соціальними внесками, доступом до соціальних благ і соціальним захистом, оскільки людина в такому випадку відчуватиме себе членом суспільства, розраховуючи на захист з боку держави і маючи зацікавленість працювати в умовах формальної зайнятості.

Main Directions of Sustainable Development in Education

Objective: One of the important vectors of the strategic development of the EAEU countries (Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union) is the construction of a digital economy and digital education - the formation of a common market for educational services with norms that level the competitiveness of countries in the field of education, aimed at improving the quality of human capital. It should be noted that education was not included in the service sectors for which the EAEU common market is being formed. Only in relation to the common labor market, the EAEU countries agreed on the mutual recognition of documents on education without going through the procedure for recognizing diplomas (with the exception of papers on education in pedagogical, legal, medical, and pharmaceutical profiles), as well as on the right to receive education by children from families working in the country (Articles 97 and 98 of the Treaty on the EAEU). But five years before the creation of the EAEU, on December 11, 2009, the EAEU countries signed an agreement on cooperation in the field of education, according to which the parties «carry out coordinated measures to consistently expand the EAEU aimed at creating a common educational space». Research in the field of concerted action of the member countries of the EAEU, as a rule, is located in the area of higher education, and we do not find research in the field of general education in the public domain. Theoretical framework: This study aims to identify the main directions of sustainable development in education in modern conditions. The choice of the topic is due to the importance of understanding the differences in the potential for digitalization of school education in the post-Soviet republics within the framework of the Eurasian Union and the hypothetical request of the Azerbaijani and Russian education systems to develop a resource matrix for the digital educational environment, as signaled by the roadmaps of the National Projects of Azerbaijan and the Russian Federation in the field of education and economy in general. Method: To compare the preparedness of schools in different countries for the digitalization of education for subsequent testing in the educational system of Azerbaijan, an analysis of the state of affairs was carried out according to the criteria: (1) material and technical equipment; (2) preparedness of teaching staff; (3) opportunities for the formation of a digital educational environment and an analysis of digital practices in the projects of schools in the EAEU member countries. The logic of the empirical part includes identifying the respondents' ideas about the possibilities of digitalizing school education in the EAEU countries. The result of the practical part will be the formed matrix of the «potential of school digitalization» in the context of the EAEU countries. Results: The effect of the global digitalization of general education, triggered by the pandemic (COVID 19), is the reason for the emergence of research interest in the problem in the EAEU countries and the comparison of approaches and processes that accompany the phenomenon of digitalization of education. Moreover, advanced practices in digitalizing education have been identified among these countries, which can become the basis for further sustainable development. Originality/value: The digitalization of education is a multifaceted phenomenon covering all human activity spheres. A phenomenon that needs to be comprehended, developed, and actively applied in practice is its consequences and advanced learning technologies to fit into the new, emerging digital world system. With a broad interpretation of the concept of «digitalization of education», it can be noted that the authors are unanimous that digitalization forms an educational environment that ensures the «delivery» of information to participants in the educational process using digital technologies and tools (software + multimedia equipment).

Dynamic Regimes for Corporate Human Capital Development Used Reinforcement Learning Methods

Corporate human capital is a critical driver of sustainable economic growth, which is becoming increasingly important in the changing nature of work. Due to the expansion of various areas of human activity, the employee’s profile becomes multifaceted. Therefore, the problem of human capital management based on the individual trajectories of professional development, aimed at increasing the labor efficiency and contributing to the growth of the corporate operational efficiency, is relevant, timely, socially, and economically significant. The paper proposes a methodology for the dynamic regimes for human capital development (DRHC) to design individual trajectories for the employee’s professional development, based on reinforcement learning methods. The DRHC develops an optimal management regime as a set of programs aimed at developing an employee in the professional field, taking into account their individual characteristics (health quality, major and interdisciplinary competencies, motivation, and social capital). The DRHC architecture consists of an environment—an employee model—as a Markov decision-making process and an agent—decision-making center of a company. The DRHC uses DDQN, SARSA, and PRO algorithms to maximize the agent’s utility function. The implementation of the proposed DRHC policy would improve the quality of corporate human capital, increase labor resource efficiency, and ensure the productivity growth of companies.

Change in the quality of life in different countries of the world: Assessment on the EQLS database

The European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) is a tool that assesses quality of life across different aspects. Monitoring the quality-of-life indicators in times of crisis and post-crisis is crucial for human resource management as the quality-of-life indicators provide valuable insights into the well-being and needs of employees. The study aimed to examine the impact of social and economic changes on the selected quality of life areas of the EU population by analyzing data from the ESQL of 2016 and 2020. It was found that the average EU life satisfaction score went down. In 2020, the EU optimism average dropped when compared to 2016. According to 2020 survey data, EU citizens found coping with life’s challenges harder than in 2016. The EU average regarding the difficulty of dealing with essential issues in life increased by 1.5% in 2020 compared to 2016. The time needed to get back to normality after some mishaps was also investigated. The EU average regarding subjective feelings of tension rose by 7.4%. In comparison to 2016, depression and downheartedness grew stronger across the EU nations and the EU average in 2020. The average value increased by 6.8%. The changes may provide insights into the effects of social and economic trends on people’s well-being across Europe. AcknowledgmentThe paper is written under the project Multiplier effects of human capital quality on economic performance and competitiveness of the Slovak economy and supported by the Grant Agency VEGA of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic [No. 1/0357/21].