Hostile Behavior Research Articles

Monitoring Network Traffic for Suspicious Activity

An intrusion detection system investigates hostile behavior within a network or an approach. Software or a gadget called intrusion detection scans a network or system for an untrustworthy action. As computer connectivity increases, intrusion detection becomes increasingly important for network security. Many Intrusion Detection Systems have been built to defend the networks using statistical and machine learning technologies. Accuracy is a crucial factor in how well an intrusion detection system performs. To decrease false detections and boost detection rates, the accuracy of intrusion detection needs to be improved. In recent works, many strategies have been employed to enhance performance. The Intrusion detection system’s primary task is to analyze network traffic data. To solve this problem, a structured classification system is needed. This problem is approached in the suggested manner. Classification methods are often used to address related issues. NSL-KDD knowledge discovery Dataset is used to evaluate the results of these systems. This research aims to find an efficient classifier that detects anomaly traffic with a high accuracy level and minimal error rate by experimenting with possible machine-learning techniques.

History of abuse and adolescent hostile-helpless attachment: The mediating role of mother-adolescent punitive interactions

BackgroundHostile-Helpless (HH) state of mind is a form of disorganised attachment that is strongly associated with prior experiences of abuse. However, how abuse experiences contribute toward HH states of mind in late adolescence is unknown. Punitive control in adolescent-mother dyads has been implicated in the development of HH states of mind and adolescent sex/gender may influence how punitive interactions contribute to HH mind states. ObjectiveThe present study aimed to explore how adolescent sex/gender and punitive control within adolescent-mother dyads are related to the links between HH states of mind and childhood abuse. Participants and settingA sample of 109 low-moderate income late adolescents (aged 18–23 years, 65 females, 44 males) and their mothers were assessed in a conflict-resolution paradigm. MethodsRecordings of the interactions were coded using the Goal-Corrected Partnership in Adolescence Coding System for different aspects of attachment-based interactions including punitive control. Late-adolescent HH states of mind features were coded from Adult Attachment Interviews (AAI) and experiences of abuse were coded from adolescent self-reports and the AAI. ResultsModerated mediation analysis revealed a significant indirect pathway from abuse to HH states of mind through punitive control in late adolescent females (B = 0.06, SEBoot = 0.04, 95 % CIBoot 0.01, 0.15), but not males (B = −0.02, SEBoot = 0.02, 95 % CIBoot − 0.07, 0.02). ConclusionsThe results indicate that there are sex/gender-specific pathways to developing HH states of mind. Hostile behavior within mother-daughter dyads therefore may play an important role in linking abuse experiences and contradictory attachment representations in late adolescent females.

Perceived stigmatisation and reliability of questionnaire in the survivors with burns wound: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Perceived stigmatisation (PS) can cause different effects on burns survivors such as depression, low self-esteem, body image disturbance, and social anxiety. Current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the average PS among the burns survivor population and the average reliability of the PS questionnaire (PSQ). A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in various international electronic databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database (SID) using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as "Stigmatisation", "Burns", "Reliability", and "Questionnaire" from the earliest to February 1, 2023. The COSMIN and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists were applied to evaluate the risk of bias. Data analysis was performed in STATA V.14 and JAMOVI v 2.3.24 software. The analysis consisted of two sections. Firstly, the overall weighted average of PS was calculated based on mean and standard deviation. Then, the reliability average of PSQ was calculated with the reliability generalisation method based on the alpha coefficient, questionnaire items, and sample size of each study. Finally, eight articles were included in the quantitative analysis. The results showed the weighted average of PS was 2.14 (ES: 2.14, 95%CI: 1.77-2.51, Z = 11.40, I2 :97.8%, P < 0.001). The average of PS in the factors of confused/staring behaviour, absence of friendly behaviour, and hostile behaviour was 2.36 (ES: 2.36, 95%CI: 2.05-2.67, Z = 14.86, I2 :92.7%, P < 0.001), 2.13 (ES: 2.13, 95%CI: 1.87-2.39, Z = 16.22, I2 :93.8%, P < 0.001) and 2.07 (ES: 2.07, 95%CI: 1.67-2.47, Z = 10.05, I2 :96.5%, P < 0.001), respectively. The analysis showed that the overall coefficient alpha of the PSQ was 0.88 (ES: 0.88, 95%CI: 0.851-0.910, Z = 58.7, I2 : 95.04%, P < 0.001). Also, the alpha coefficient of factors including confused/staring behaviour, absence of friendly behaviour, and hostile behaviour were 0.847 (ES: 0.847, 95%CI: 0.770-0.924, Z = 21.6, I2 :99.13%, P < 0.001), 0.860 (ES: 0.860, 95%CI: 0.808-0.912, Z = 32.4, I2 :98.02%, P < 0.001) and 0.899 (ES: 0.899, 95%CI: 0.829-0.968, Z = 21.33, I2 : 0.0%, P < 0.001), respectively. In sum, the current study showed that the average PS was 2.14 out of 5 points. Most survivors and parents reported confused/starring behaviour as a common perceived behaviour from different individuals. Also, the average reliability of PSQ was 0.88, and it had acceptable reliability. More studies are required to better judge the level of PS among different age groups. Also, the psychometric properties of PSQ in different cultures are an essential issue.

The role of paternal and maternal warmth and hostility on daughter's psychosocial outcomes: The insidious effects of father warmth combined with high paternal hostility.

Despite the well-accepted view on the importance of parental warmth and parental hostility for adolescent development, few studies have examined the joint interactive effects of these two key aspects of parenting. Furthermore, research comparing maternal and paternal parenting is limited, with the father-daughter relationship during adolescence remaining one of the more understudied familial contexts. Given that family processes are key for the intergenerational transmission of inequality, these parent-child relationships may be especially important for youth at risk for exposure to violence. Using a sample of juvenile female offenders, this study examined the associations between the perceived warmth and hostility in the father-daughter and mother-daughter relationships on daughters' depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, romantic partner warmth, romantic partner hostility, and the daughter's sense of agency. We hypothesized that high perceived parental warmth would moderate the effects of parental hostility by protecting daughters from the negative effects of parental hostility, with stronger effects for the father-daughter than the mother-daughter relationship. In contrast, our paternal relationship findings across four of the five outcomes suggest a moderation in the opposite direction - that is, high perceived father warmth exacerbates the deleterious effects of father hostility on daughters' depressive symptoms, anxiety, romantic partner warmth, and romantic partner hostility. Maternal warmth, and not hostility, had a direct association with these four outcomes, with stronger explanatory power shown for the father-daughter than the mother-daughter model. Higher agency was associated with maternal hostility only. Our findings suggest that daughters might be modeling and internalizing the relationship with their fathers (for better or worse) when they perceive it as warm and supportive. Consequently, adolescent girls whose fathers exhibit hostile behavior may benefit from emotional distancing from their fathers.

Issue highlights

Syltern and Markestad surveyed Norwegian paediatric residents about whether they would chose life-sustaining treatment if their own child was born extremely premature at 22–26 weeks of gestation.1 The vast majority (94%) of the 80 residents who responded said that they would opt out of life-sustaining treatment if their baby was born as early as 22 weeks. Nearly three-quarters (73%) would also have opted out of such treatment at 23 weeks. A randomised trial showed that Israeli and Palestinian youths who took part in an eight-session dialogue intervention showed more empathy and less hostile behaviour than controls, when they met people on the opposite side of the ongoing Israeli–Palestinian conflict.2 Differences were also seen in brain markers for empathy and prejudice, as well as oxytocin and cortisol levels. The intervention group's peace-building attitudes persisted 7 years later. Paalanne et al. investigated the duration of clinical symptoms associated with various respiratory viruses in 737 acutely ill children in Finland.3 They found that 20%–30% of the children experienced clinical symptoms for more than 14 days after the onset of an infection, but only 2%–3% had symptoms that lasted for more than 28 days. Detecting both viral and bacterial infections appeared to increase the duration of symptoms. Another paper by Paalanne et al. looked at how long children were absent from day care or school, and parents were unable to go to work, during children's respiratory infections.4 Korppi comments on the findings.5 Sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Early diagnosis is the key, but is difficult due to nonspecific signs. Honoré et al. evaluated a noninvasive machine learning-based algorithm that used vital signs and demographic factors to detect sepsis in neonates up to 24 h before the first clinical suspicion.6 The subjects were 325 hospitalised term and preterm infants. The authors found that the algorithm provided a useful predictive value for neonatal sepsis detection. Combining multiple vital signs improved the performance, compared with just heart rate characteristics. Paediatricians should make their voices heard in the abortion debate, because their mission is to protect the physical, mental and social well-being of their patients. That is the view expressed by Adams et al in a perspective paper.7 The authors believe that laws limiting access to safe and legal abortions during pregnancy inherently affect existing and future children. They also point out that children are exposed to the sequalae of any issues that jeopardise the health and welfare of their parents. Figures: istockphoto

PERILAKU AGRESIF PADA REMAJA DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS WILAYAH URBAN DAN RURAL KABUPATEN JEMBER

Aggressive as physical or verbal behavior intended to cause harm. Meanwhile, aggressive behavior is a serious problem that has a negative impact on adolescent mental health and achievement in school. The purpose of this study was to describe aggressive behavior in adolescents in high school environments in urban and rural areas of Jember Regency. The design of this research is a quantitative descriptive research. This research was conducted in senior high schools in rural and urban areas in Jember Regency with a total sample of 250 respondents who were selected using a purposive sampling method. This study used univariate analysis, wherein the results of this study will display demographic data and a description of aggressive behavior in adolescents. The results of the emotion study showed that 46.4% of respondents had verbally aggressive behavior, 29.6% of respondents had physically aggressive behavior, 12.8% of respondents had angry aggressive behavior and 11.2% of respondents had hostile aggressive behavior. Based on the results of this study that the aggressive behavior of adolescents tends to be high, so to overcome aggressive behavior in adolescents it is necessary to make various efforts by paying attention to the dimensions of development in adolescence so that the efforts developed are able to overcome various causes of mental health problems faced by adolescents and adolescents have resilience..&#x0D;

Effects of childhood trauma on aggressive behaviors and hippocampal function: the modulation of COMT haplotypes.

Aggression is a commonly hostile behavior linked to the hippocampal activity. Childhood trauma (CT) exposure has been associated with altered sensitization of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and hippocampal volume，which could increase violent aggressive behaviors. Additionally, Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), the major dopamine metabolism enzyme, is implicated in stress responsivity, including aggression. Hence, CT exposure may affect aggression through the effect on the hippocampal function, which might also be modulated by the COMT variations. This study examined whether both CT and haplotypes of COMT moderate hippocampal function and thus affect human aggressive behavior. We obtained bilateral hippocampal functional connectivity maps using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. COMT haplotype estimation was performed using Haploview 4.2 and PHASE 2.1. Then we constructed a moderated mediation model to study the effect of the CTQ × COMT on aggressive behavior. Three major haplotypes were generated from thirteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the COMT gene and formed three haplotypes corresponding to high, medium, and low enzymatic activity of COMT. The results showed interactive relationships between the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and COMT with respect to the functional connectivity (FC) of the bilateral hippocampus (HIP)-orbital frontal cortex (OFC). Specifically, CT experience predicted lower negative HIP-OFC coupling in the APS and HPS haplotypes corresponding to the medium and high enzymatic activity of COMT, but greater FC in the LPS haplotypes corresponding to the low enzymatic activity. We also observed a conditional mediation effect of the right HIP-OFC coupling in the link between COMT and aggressive behavior that was moderated by CT experience. These results suggest that CT and COMT have a combined effect on aggressive behavior through hippocampal function. This mediation analysis sheds light on the influence of childhood experience on aggressive behavior in different genetic backgrounds.

How to deal with difficult or aggressive colleagues

What to do if hostile, rude or negligent behaviour from colleagues or a manager is affecting morale and patient care – and how to challenge it

Discriminatory practices and poor job performance: A study of person-related hostility among nursing staff

This study highlights the organisational-level factors that become the reason for propagating hostile behaviours among female nurses. Freire’s theory of oppression has been used as an underpinning theory for developing the conceptual framework. This study empirically verifies the conceptual framework of the study that gender discrimination and lack of administrative support are the antecedents of person-related hostility, which is the reason for poor job performance in the healthcare sector. We applied a quantitative research approach, using questionnaires to collect data. Total of 707 survey forms were collected from female nurses working in public sector hospitals in four main cities of Pakistan. The software SPSS 20 and SmartPLS 3 were used for the final data analysis. All hypotheses regarding the direct and indirect relationship of variables were accepted. Gender discrimination and lack of administrative support were positively associated with person-related hostility. Moreover, person-related hostility also mediated the relationship between independent variables (gender discrimination, lack of administrative support) and dependent variable (poor job performance). Future research is directed to study person-related hostility among nursing staff of semi-urban areas and small towns with low literacy rates, considering other dependent variables like burnout, mental well-being, and mental health. HR strategies and policies for fair performance evaluation and timely promotions of nursing professionals are proposed in the study for building an overall healthy environment.

Differential Impact of Social Cohesion in the Lens of U.S. College Students with different Sexual and Gender Identities on their Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic

IntroductionSexual and gender minority (SGM) college students endorsed higher psychological distress and worsened mental health outcomes than their cisgender heterosexual peers. Such disparity is exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, during which SGM youth may be sent home to unaccepting environments or presented with fewer healthcare options. The “Black lives matter (BLM)” and “Anti-Asian Hate” also exposed college students disproportionally to more witnessed discrimination and poorer social cohesion, which in turn, might negatively affect the mental health outcomes.ObjectivesThe present study aims to explore the mental health outcome profile within SGM college students by (1) identify mental health disparities across different sexual and gender identities and (2) evaluating the impacts of discrimination, social cohesion and other factors on mental health outcomes of college students with different sexual and gender identities.MethodsThe study utilizes the 2020-2021 Healthy Minds Study data with 139,470 college students across 60 U.S. campuses. Multivariable regression models are built with minority status to predict mental health outcome (depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation).ResultsSGM students reported higher symptoms of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Besides, SGM individuals having experienced or witnessed discrimination or hostile behaviors due to their race/ethnicity also showed worse mental health outcomes. Noted, perceived stronger social cohesion is a protective factor for lower depression (OR: 0.59; 95%CI: 0.45, 0.78) and anxiety (OR: 0.69; 95%CI: 0.51, 0.93) symptoms in SGM, while perceived weaker social cohesion is a risk factor for depression (OR: 1.37; 95%CI: 1.14, 1.64) and anxiety symptoms (OR:1.32; 95%CI:1.09-1.59) in cisgender heterosexual individuals.ConclusionsThese findings acknowledge the negative impact of discrimination on mental health, highlight the importance of recognizing social cohesion affect differently in SGM and their peers, and enhance the understanding of differential impact of social cohesion to inform public policy and early intervention in vulnerable populations during COVID-19 pandemic.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Infidelity in the Adolescence Stage: The Roles of Negative Affect, Hostility, and Psychological Well-Being

Infidelity is a relational process common in all types of romantic relationships and has been established as one of the main causes of relationship breakdown. However, little is known about this type of transgression in adolescent romantic relationships, although it manifests as a fairly frequent behavior involving different motivations. Even less is known about the emotional impact of infidelity on the offending person and its association with hostile behavior and psychological well-being. Through an experimental study (N = 301 Spanish adolescents (190 female and 111 male; Mage = 15.59, SD = 0.69; range from 15 to 17), we sought to analyze the effect of manipulating two types of motivations for infidelity (sexual vs. emotional dissatisfaction) on negative affect, hostility, and psychological well-being. The main results revealed that committing infidelity motivated by hypothetical sexual (vs. emotional) dissatisfaction was indirectly related to lower psychological well-being through its effects on increased negative affect and hostility. Last but not least, we discuss these findings, highlighting the possible implications of infidelity for the psychosocial and psychosexual development of adolescents.

Preventing Anti-Asian Acts in Schools with Culturally Responsive Teaching and Anti-Bullying Programs

The increase in hostile behavior targeted at Asian people is a concern that school districts must address. To respond well, educators need to apply effective methods for preventing this problem. One of the ways they can achieve this goal is by implementing a culturally responsive approach to teaching. Another involves using effective anti-bullying programs. This paper provides details about the importance of implementing these strategies to prevent anti-Asian attacks. It also provides several examples of anti-Asian incidents that occurred shortly after the COVID-19 pandemic began. A few historical events involving the hostile treatment of Asian people are included to provide a context for understanding this problem.

Politics, not Vulnerability: Republicans Discriminated against Chinese-born Americans throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic

AbstractAsian Americans became targets of increasingly hostile behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. What motivated this? Fears of contagion arising from a behavioral immune system may have motivated hostility toward Asian Americans, especially among those Americans vulnerable to COVID-19. Additionally, stigmatizing rhetoric from right-wing figures may have legitimated anti-Asian behavior among those Americans who held stronger anti-Asian sentiments to begin with or who were more receptive to right-wing rhetoric. We explore these possibilities using a behavioral game with a representative sample of Americans at two points: in May and October 2020. Participants were partnered with a U.S.- or Chinese-born American in a give-or-take dictator game. The average American discriminated against Chinese-born Americans in May but not October 2020, when China was no longer a COVID-19 hotspot. But among Republicans, who may have held stronger anti-Asian sentiments to begin with and who were likely more receptive to right-wing rhetoric, discrimination—that is, differential treatment—was both stronger in May compared to non-Republicans and persisted into October 2020. Notably, Americans who were more vulnerable to COVID-19 were not especially likely to discriminate.

Exploring Cyberaggression and Mental Health Consequences among Adults: An Italian Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

Cyberaggression (CyA) embraces a broad spectrum of hostile behaviors through electronic means. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate features and outcomes of this phenomenon among Italian adults. A nationwide survey was distributed on social media platforms. Being victim and being perpetrator of CyA were the primary outcomes; positive scores for GAD-2 (generalized anxiety disorder) and PHQ-2 (depressive symptoms) scales were the secondary outcomes. In total, 446 surveys were collected. Considering the primary outcomes, 46.3% and 13.5% reported having been victims and perpetrators of CyA, respectively. Politics, ethnic minority, and sexual orientation were main subjects triggering CyA. A higher likelihood of being cyber-victims was observed for women and the LGBTQA+ group. Women were less likely to be CyA perpetrators. There was an association between being a CyA victim and a CyA perpetrator. A total of 22.4% and 34.0% respondents scored positive for PHQ-2 and GAD-2, respectively. The main mental health consequences after CyA exposure were anger and sadness, whereas sleep alterations and stomach ache were the most experienced psychosomatics symptoms. No significant relationships between PHQ-2/GAD-2 and CyA emerged. CyA also represents a crucial public health issue among Italian adults. Further investigations are needed to better define the phenomenon and to study the potential consequences on mental health.

Populism Predicts Sympathy for Attacks Against Asylum Seekers Through National Pride and Moral Justification of Political Violence

Right-wing populism which had been considered fringe just a few years ago became gradually more mainstream. Given the epidemic impact of divisive populist rhetoric on hostile behavior and its strong association with anti-immigration, it is important to ask whether people endorsing populism also justify attacks against asylum seekers. Using the German General Social Survey data ( N = 3,268), we tested a model in which the endorsement of populist beliefs predicted sympathy for attacks against asylum seekers in Germany, through national pride and moral justification of political violence. Results showed that people who evinced higher endorsement of populist beliefs showed also higher sympathy for attacks against asylum seekers. Furthermore, national pride and moral justification of political violence mediated the relationship between populist beliefs and sympathy for attacks against asylum seekers. The role of right-wing populism in the justification of violence toward outgroups is discussed within a contemporary social-psychological framework.

The neurobiology of hatred: Tools of Dialogue© intervention for youth reared amidst intractable conflict impacts brain, behaviour, and peacebuilding attitudes.

Myths, drama, and sacred texts have warned against the fragile nature of human love; the closer the affiliative bond, the quicker it can turn into hatred, suggesting similarities in the neurobiological underpinnings of love and hatred. Here, I offer a theoretical account on the neurobiology of hatred based on our model on the biology of human attachments and its three foundations; the oxytocin system, the "affiliative brain", comprising the neural network sustaining attachment, and biobehavioural synchrony, the process by which humans create a coupled biology through coordinated action. These systems mature in mammals in the context of the mother-infant bond and then transfer to support life within social groups. During this transition, they partition to support affiliation and solidarity to one's group and fear and hatred towards out-group based on minor variations in social behaviour. I present the Tools of Dialogue© intervention for outgroup members based on social synchrony. Applied to Israeli and Palestinian youth and implementing RCT, we measured social behaviour, attitudes, hormones, and social brain response before and after the 8-session intervention. Youth receiving the intervention increased reciprocity and reduced hostile behaviour towards outgroup, attenuated the neural marker of prejudice and increased neural empathic response, reduced cortisol and elevated oxytocin, and adapted attitudes of compromise. These neural changes predicted peacebuilding support 7 years later, when young adults can engage in civil responsibilities. Our intervention, the first to show long-term effects of inter-group intervention on brain and behaviour, demonstrateshow social synchrony can tilt the neurobiology of hatred towards the pole of affiliation.

Intrusion Detection System Based on Machine Learning Algorithms:( SVM and Genetic Algorithm)

The widespread utilization of the internet and computer systems has resulted in notable security concerns, characterized by a surge in intrusions and vulnerabilities. Malicious users manipulate internal systems, resulting in the exploitation of software flaws and default setups. With the integration of the internet into society, there is an emergence of new risks such as viruses and worms, which highlights the importance of implementing robust security measures. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are security technologies utilized to monitor and analyze network traffic or system activity with the purpose of identifying hostile behavior. This article presents a proposed method for detecting intrusion in network traffic using a hybrid approach, which combines a genetic algorithm and an SVM algorithm. The model underwent training and testing on the KDDCup99 dataset, with a reduction in features from 42 to 29 using the hybrid approach. The results demonstrated that throughout the system testing, it exhibited a remarkable accuracy of 0.999. Additionally, it achieved a true positive value of 0.9987 and a false negative rate of 0.012.

Tit for tat or good for evil? Linking customer incivility, hostility, guilt, and employee behaviors.

The existing literature overemphasizes the negative effects of customer incivility on service employees. However, the positive effects of customer incivility on employee behavior are rarely mentioned. Drawing on affective events theory and attribution theory, we used a moderated dual-mediator causal model to explore the effect of customer incivility on employees' revenge behavior and customer-oriented behavior through hostility and guilt, and the moderating role of customer blame attribution. An empirical study with a sample of 366 employee-supervisor pairs and two-wave, two-source data indicated that customer incivility positively impacts revenge behavior via employees' hostility, and this relationship is reinforced by customer blame attribution. In contrast, customer incivility positively impacts customer oriented behavior via employees' guilt, and this relationship is weakened by customer blame attribution. This study expanded the literature on customer incivility and emotion, and provided significant practical implications for organization on how to help frontline employees deal with customer incivility.

How to Prevent Hostile Behaviors and Emotional Exhaustion among Law Enforcement Professionals: The Negative Spiral of Role Conflict

The nature and characteristics of the current work environment of law enforcement professionals point out role-conflict situations as one of the main reasons leading to the occurrence of hostile behaviors and the worsening of employees' well-being. Precisely, this research analyzes the mediating role of role conflict between laissez-faire leadership and hostility or police professionals' emotional exhaustion. To mitigate the negative effects of role-conflict situations, the moderating role of certain personal resources such as self-efficacy, and organizational variables such as interactional justice, the meaning of the work and family-work enrichment is also analyzed. Structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis are used in a sample of 180 police professionals. The results show that role conflict fully and positively mediates the relationships between laissez-faire leadership and hostile behaviors or emotional exhaustion. Moreover, self-efficacy and interactional justice moderates the relationship between laissez-faire leadership and role conflict; the meaning of the work moderates the relationships between role conflict and hostile behaviors, and family-work enrichment moderates the relationship between role conflict and employees' emotional exhaustion. The huge relevance of the work of law enforcement professionals and its implications for society justify this research, which aims to highlight the importance of avoiding role-conflict situations to improve labor welfare and prevent counterproductive and unhealthy behaviors.

Association between Social Factors and Conduct Disorder among Adolescents in Selected Charitable Institutions.

Conduct disorder (CD) is a disruptive mental health condition characterized by aggressive, hostile, deceitful and disobedient behaviour. This research aimed to investigate the relationship between conduct disorder and social factors within charitable institutions. The study included a sample of 174 individuals (n=174) selected from a population of 348 boys and girls aged 10 to 17 living in two charitable children’s institutions (CCIs) in Kenya. A correlational research design was employed, and a stratified random sampling technique was used for participant selection. Data collection involved a social demographic questionnaire and a conduct disorder scale. Inferential statistics were applied, including paired t-tests, which revealed statistically significant association between conduct disorder and respondent’s age (p&lt;.001), experience of violence (p=.003), lacking basic needs (p&lt;.001) and drug abuse (p=.007). As a result, the study recommends the implementation of counseling services, personalized adult supervision, and creative approaches for managing adolescents within CCIs. These recommendations aim to address and mitigate the behavioral challenges associated with conduct disorder among young residents in charitable institutions.