Horticultural Land Research Articles

Characterisation and source identification of biofluorescent aerosol emissions over winter and summer periods in the United Kingdom

Abstract. Primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) are an abundant subset of atmospheric aerosol particles which comprise viruses, bacteria, fungal spores, pollen, and fragments such as plant and animal debris. The abundance and diversity of these particles remain poorly constrained, causing significant uncertainties for modelling scenarios and for understanding the potential implications of these particles in different environments. PBAP concentrations were studied at four different sites in the United Kingdom (Weybourne, Davidstow, Capel Dewi, and Chilbolton) using an ultraviolet light-induced fluorescence (UV-LIF) instrument, the Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Spectrometer (WIBS), versions 3 and 4. Using hierarchical agglomerative cluster (HAC) analysis, particles were statistically discriminated. Fluorescent particles and clusters were then analysed by comparing to laboratory data of known particle types, assessing their diurnal variation and examining their relationship to the meteorological variables temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and wind direction. Using local land cover types, sources of the suspected fluorescent particles and clusters were then identified. Most sites exhibited a wet discharged fungal spore dominance, with the exception of one site, Davidstow, which had higher concentrations of bacteria, suggested to result from the presence of a local dairy factory and farm. Differences were identified as to the sources of wet discharged fungal spores, with particles originating from arable and horticultural land at Chilbolton, and improved grassland areas at Weybourne. Total fluorescent particles at Capel Dewi were inferred to comprise two sources, with bacteria originating from the broadleaf and coniferous woodland and wet discharged fungal spores from nearby improved grassland areas, similar to Weybourne. The use of the HAC method and a higher fluorescence threshold (9 standard deviations instead of 3) produced clusters which were considered to be biological following the complete analysis. More published data and information on the reaction of different speciated biological particle types to fluctuations in meteorological conditions, such as relative humidity and temperature, would aid particle type characterisation in studies such as this.

Land Use Change Effects on Plant and Soil Properties in a Mountainous Region of Iran

This study was conducted to show the effects of rangeland conversion into agricultural land uses in terms of on plant and soil degradation in Choram rangeland, Iran. Three sites, including dry farming, horticultural and rangeland were selected. Across site, vegetation factors such as plant production, canopy cover and density were measured. Soil samples were extracted at depths of 0-30 and 30-60 cm. The highest plant productions (60 kg ha-1), vegetation cover (30%) and density of class I (3 n m-2) were recorded in the rangeland. The lowest plant productions (19 kg ha-1), vegetation cover (0.41%) and density of class I, II and III ( 2, 7, 6 n m-2, respectively) were measured in the horticultural land use. Except saturation percentage, clay, silt and sand there were not significant differences among the soil properties of land uses. However, at depth of 30-60 cm the highest significant organic matter (14.33 kg ha-1) and potassium (0.84%) were measured in the rangeland and dry farming land uses, respectively. Habitat conversion from the rangeland to arable lands could change the species properties and result in the reduction of vegetation cover and reduction of soil quality.

Food preferences of anuran species in horticultural lands, Doulu village, Karo regency, North Sumatera

Anura is an amphibian group of species with potential as natural pest predator. Data on food preferences and potential anuran species as pest control in horticultural lands at Doulu Village, Karo Regency, North Sumatera has not yet been reported. The aims of this study were to determine the type of food through stomach dissection and to evaluate the role of anuran species as a pest control by calculating percentage of insect pests as their preferred food. The results of this study found four species namely Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Phrynoidis juxtaspera, Fejervarya cancrivora and Hylarana erythraea. The results from stomach dissection found that 25 insect species belonging to 14 orders were preyed by the anuran species. Based on the percentage of insect pests as preferred food, species D. melanostictus was the most potential followed by H. erythraea, F. cancrivora and P. juxtaspera. It can be concluded that all anuran species found in this study acted as pest control in the habitat with different proportions.

Evaluation of spatial plan in controlling stream flow rate in Wakung Watershed, Pemalang, Central Java, Indonesia

Evaluation study for such a regional spatial plan (RTRW) in Indonesia has not been evaluated for its effectiveness in controlling the surface run off that contributed to streamflow. This necessity can be accomplishsed by applying a modeling approach, such as Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The objectives of this research are 1) to simulate the streamflow of Wakung watershed based on actual landuse, 2) to predict streamflow of Wakung watershed based on RTRW, and 3) to evaluate the effectiveness of the RTRW of Pemalang District in controling streamflow rate at Wakung Watershed. ArcSWAT model was used to determine the erosion rate prediction. The model was then calibrated by using SWATCUP. Model performance were tested by using R2 and ENS. The calibration and validation results showed that R2 and ENS (monthly) > 0.5. The result of SWAT simulation in Wakung sub-watershed reaching 161 - 4950 m3/s/years for W-A scenario (actual landuse and weather data of 2013), for scenario W-R (RTRW and weather data of 2013), 330 - 4919 m3/s/year. The comparison between actual and spatial plan land use data for stream flow is showing that the W-A scenario is lower than the W-R scenario in 19 sub watersheds. This is because there are many plans for adding land use for urban and intensive horticulture land in areas with steep slopes (> 25%). This condition is caused by the demands of fulfilling the needs of settlement and food for people in the Wakung watershed.

Dynamics of Climate Change Adaptations on Horticultural Land Use Practices around Mt. Kenya East Region

Eastern slopes of Mount Kenya experienced widespread horticultural crop production after the establishment of Horticultural Crops Development Agency (HCDA) packing facilities within the region in the early 2000s. Favourable soils and climatic conditions triggered by growing export market demands have led to the changing patterns of agricultural land use practices in Mt. Kenya east region. The focus is now shifting to agro-diversification and land use intensification practices. The growing horticultural farming business in this region is impacting subsistence production, resource use as well as livelihood dynamics. This paper assesses the implications of climate change adaptation measures on household food security, gender roles and land management activities within the context of horticultural produce land use practices. The findings ascertain that the region’s increasing agro-diversification activities are both coping strategies to the climate related changes and the social, political as well as economic transformations ushered in by devolution.

Problems Faced by the Farmers while Availing the Loan Facilities from the Banks - A Case Study of District Kulgam, Jammu and Kashmir

Crop diversification refers to the addition of new crops or cropping systems to agricultural production on a particular farm taking into account the different returns from value-added crops with complementary marketing opportunities. It is an important mechanism for economic growth, which can be facilitated by technological breaks-through, by changes in consumer demand or in government policy or in trade arrangements, and by development of irrigation, roads, and other infrastructures. Diversification in agriculture is key in achieving food security, improved human nutrition and increase in rural employment. In the past few decades, agricultural sector in the whole state of Jammu and Kashmir and particularly in the district of Kulgam has witnessed a heavy shift in the cropping pattern from food crops to non-food crops (cash-crops). The horticultural sector has been playing an important role in the State largely by contributing to the State Economy and turns to be the source of livelihood for nearly thirty three lakh people, but the paddy production on the other hand has shown an opposite trend. Paddy land is getting changed into the horticultural land, as the farmers find it to be more remunerative. Kulgam, which was once the major producer of rice in the State, and was known to be the “Rice Bowl of Kashmir”, is now among the least producers of rice. Farmers witnessed that sticking only to the water intensive crops proved to be non-beneficial and they willingly shifted to the cash crops, like: apple, almond, and walnut. In the present study, the researcher estimates the association between the different socioeconomic variables and the problems faced by the farmers while availing the loan at the household level in Kulgam, one of the districts of Jammu and Kashmir, and Chi Square test has been used to find out the association.

Assessment of the response of Plasmodiophora brassicae in contaminated horticultural land, using lime‐based fertilizer concentrations

AbstractInfection of brassica crops with the clubroot pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae, can result in stunted plant growth and wilting, which can severely affect crop yield. Determining P. brassicae infection within a field prior to crop planting has long posed a problem for choosing appropriate control treatments. The options for control of this pathogen are limited and in the UK and are based on adjusting pH with soil amendments. In this study quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was investigated for measurement of this pathogen in different control treatments. The qPCR was capable of reliably quantifying P. brassicae at levels greater than and including 103 resting spores/g soil. The assay was used to study the effect of lime‐based products (LimeX) on the incidence of the clubroot pathogen in field trials with broccoli crops grown on contaminated land. The results showed that variation occurred in clubroot resting spore levels in treated and untreated plots during the crop growing period. In year one there was a 96% decrease in spore load during the growth of the crop. Treatment with LimeX resulted in a greater marketable head weight of broccoli in 2 years of the field trials, and significantly reduced gall numbers on the roots in 1 year. The rate of lime (calcium carbonate) application was not found to have a significant effect in this study, however a greater reduction in clubroot was observed at higher LimeX concentrations.

Modelling the impacts of altered management practices, land use and climate changes on the water quality of the Millbrook catchment-reservoir system in South Australia

Sustainable management of drinking water reservoirs requires taking into account the potential effects of their catchments' development. This study is an attempt to estimate the daily patterns of nutrients transport in the catchment – reservoir systems through the application of the ensemble of complementary models SWAT-SALMO. SWAT quantifies flow, nitrate and phosphate loadings originating in catchments before entering downstream reservoirs meanwhile SALMO determines phosphate, nitrate, and chlorophyll-a concentrations within the reservoirs. The study applies to the semi-arid Millbrook catchment-reservoir system that supplies drinking water to north-eastern suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia. The catchment hosts viti- and horticultural land uses. The warm-monomictic, mesotrophic reservoir is artificially aerated in summer. After validating the simulation results for both Millbrook catchment and reservoir, a comprehensive scenario analysis has been conducted to reveal cascading effects of altered management practices, land uses and climate conditions on water quality in the reservoir. Results suggest that the effect on reservoir condition in summer would be severe, most likely resulting in chlorophyll-a concentrations of greater than 40 μg/l if the artificial destratification was not applied from early summer. A 50% curbing of water diversion from an external pipeline to the catchment will slightly limit chlorophyll-a concentrations by 1.22% as an effect of reduced inflow phosphate loads. The simulation of prospective land use scenarios converting 50% of present pasture in the Millbrook catchment into residential and orchards areas indicates an increase of summer chlorophyll-a concentrations by 9.5–107.9%, respectively in the reservoir. Global warming scenarios based on the high emission simulated by SWAT-SALMO did result in earlier growth of chlorophyll-a but overall the effects on water quality in the Millbrook reservoir was not significant. However scenarios combining global warming and land use changes resulted in significant eutrophication effects in the reservoir, especially in the unmanaged condition with stratification in summer. This study has demonstrated that complementary model ensembles like SWAT–SALMO allow to comprehend more realistically cascading effects of distinct catchment processes on internal reservoir's processes, and facilitate integrated management scenarios.

Assessment of Soil Properties and Nutrients Status in three Horticultural Land use System of Coastal Odisha, India

Assessment of Soil Properties and Nutrients Status in three Horticultural Land use System of Coastal Odisha, India

Effects of Agro ecosystem Land Use Types on the Diversity, Abundance and Ecosystem Functions of Insect Pollinators

Land degradation in agricultural farms is mainly manifested through loss of ecosystem services such as pollination. In Kenya, farmers knowledge of pollination is limited, many farmers lump pollinators together with insect pests and do not explicitly manage to conserve them, although pollinators may contribute substantially to yields at no cost to the farmer. Insect pollinators of crops and wild plants are threatened worldwide by pesticide use and the spread of disease and parasites. This research is multidisciplinary in approach, in this research niche theory and ecosystem functions concepts to determine the status of insect pollinators in agro-ecosystems of Mua Hills location were used. The aim of this research was to determine the diversity and abundance of pollinator insects for their role in ecosystem function (pollination) and increase of passion fruit yield. The diversity and abundance of insect pollinators was found to be least in horticultural land use type and this was attributed to the use of agro-chemicals. This research is an issue of environmental management because it focuses on natural patch land use type for sustainable use of agro-ecosystems to avoid decline of pollinators. It advocates for conservation of the environment and management of carpenter bee (Xylocopa spp) because it is an efficient pollinator of passion fruit thus makes farming more profitable through higher yield of the crop. The findings from this research are aimed to help the subsistence farmers achieve good produce in passion fruit farming. The study promotes the conservation of insect biodiversity within the existing land use types to improve pollination of horticultural crops.

DAMPAK EKONOMI DAN SOSIAL ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN PERTANIAN HORTIKULTURA MENJADI KAWASAN WISATA BUKIT RURUKAN DI KECAMATAN TOMOHON TIMUR, KOTA TOMOHON

This research aims is to describe the impact of Horticulture land conversion to farmer’s economy condition and socio-cultural condition that has sold their land to be made into tourist attraction. Research carried out in May until July 2016. Data used is primary data that obtained from interview to 6 (six) respondents and secondary data obtained from Rurukan Office village. Research result shows that the cause of land conversion is high offer price and the sale of land used for opening business in the tourist attraction . the positive impact of land conversion one of them is employment, because the majority of workers and businessman in the tourist attraction is from Rurukan village. Research result also identifying negative impact to locals because of the noises from tourist attraction and the disappearing of local’s cultures.

Effect of Bacillus subtilis S37-2 on Microorganisms in Soil and Growth of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

The present study evaluated the variations in soil microbial population of controlled horticultural land used for lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivation by their fatty acid methyl ester and chemical properties. We utilized four treatment groups, no treatment (NT), culture medium (CM), Bacillus subtilis S37-2 (KACC 91281P) × 10 6 CFU mL -1 (BS1), and Bacillus subtilis S37-2 × 10 7 CFU mL-1(BS2) and analyzed these variations throughout the before treatment and harvesting stage. The chemical properties such as pH, organic matter, available phosphate, and electrical conductivity in soils before treatment and harvesting stage showed no significant difference among the treatments. Total numbers of bacteria and microbial biomass C in soil treated with BS1 were larger than those of NT, CM, and BS2, whereas total number of fungi at the harvesting stage was significantly lower in the BS1 soil than in the NT and CM soils (P < 0.05). On basis of leaf length, leaf width, leaf number and leaf weight, the growth characteristics lettuce on the soil treated with BS1 and BS2 was faster than those of NT and CM soils. Yield of lettuce with treated BS1 and BS2 were 35% and 29% more than that of NT, respectively.

Evaluation of groundwater pollution risk (GPR) from agricultural activities using DRASTIC model and GIS

Groundwater Pollution risk (GPR) map which utilized groundwater quality is important in order to prevent the groundwater contaminant concentration due to the agricultural activities. DRASTIC model and GIS application are two important tools that had been used for accessing and predicting the quality of groundwater. These supplementary tools are calculating, visualizing, and presenting the GPR by using DRASTIC index for each hydrogeologic factor through ArcGIS software. This study was covered approximately Selangor basin area where the GPR has been defined. There are four categories of agricultural activities in the Selangor basin which are animal husbandary areas, horticultural lands, short term crops and tree, palm and other permanent crops. The map showed that the “low” zones of GPR occupied 56% of the east side of the Selangor basin, 34% of the west side of the Selangor basin exposed to “medium” zones of GPR and the “high” zones of GPR covered 10% at the north side and the south to the west side of the Selangor basin. As a particular, for agricultural activities which is 52% of Selangor basin area, the “low”, ‘’medium” and “high” zones of GPR was occupied as 42%, 43% and 15% respectively. Based on four categories of agricultural landuse, GPR map validated by nitrate distribution map, shows that the 99% of the variation in nitrate distribution zones are explained by GPR zones. In conclusion, groundwater pollution risk was affected by agricultural activities.

Impacts of Tipaimukh Dam on the Down-stream Region in Bangladesh: A Study on Probable EIA

Amidst mounting protests both at home and in lower riparian Bangladesh, India is going ahead with the plan to construct its largest and most controversial 1500 mw hydroelectric dam project on the river Barak at Tipaimukh in the Indian state Manipur. In the process, however, little regard is being paid to the short and long-term consequences on the ecosystem, biodiversity or the local people in the river’s watershed and drainage of both upper and low reparian countries. This 390 m length and 162.8 m. high earthen-rock filled dam also has the potential to be one of the most destructive. In India too, people will have to suffer a lot for this mega project. The total area required for construction including submergence area is 30860 ha of which 20797 ha is forest land, 1195 ha is village land, 6160 ha is horticultural land, and 2525 ha is agricultural land. Cconstruction of the massive dam and regulate water flow of the river Barak will have long adverse effects on the river system of Surma and Kushiyara in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh which will obviously have negative impacts on ecology, environment, agriculture, bio-diversity, fisheries, socio-economy of Bangladesh. To assess the loss of Tipaimukh dam on downstream Bangladesh, an Eivironmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has been conducted based on probable affect parametes. Present study intends to depict Tipaimukh dam construction post scenerio in Bangladesh thru assessing probable loss and damage of the Tipaimukh dam construction. The most effective Batelle method of EIA has been applied in this study. It is found -5 scale severity impact will be imposed if the proposed dam is being construct after assessing values of each parameter. Journal of Science Foundation 2015;13(1):3-10DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v13i1.27827

Variations on soil carbon dioxide flux with land-use type and selected soil properties in the hardveld of Botswana

The dynamics of carbon dioxide (CO2) flux in the hardveld regions of Botswana are poorly understood, with previous studies having concentrated on sandveld and pan environments. In particular, soil organic carbon (SOC) has a positive influence on CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. To examine the effects on soil CO2 flux of land use, namely conventional tillage, horticultural and grazing land uses, measurements were carried out in sites having similar climatic conditions. To enhance the understanding of soil carbon dynamics in these typical land uses, an investigation on the influence of soil pH, moisture content, organic carbon and temperature on CO2 flux rates was carried out. The results showed a relatively stronger dependence of CO2 flux rates on soil temperature for conventional tillage (R 2 = 0.71) and grazing (R 2 = 0.56) compared with horticultural land use (R 2 = 0.05). High SOC content in the grazing and horticultural land uses was due to increased oxidation of organic matter following soil disturbance. High organic matter turnover was probably from animal wastes and plant decomposition. Similarly, a decrease in CO2 flux with pH in the conventional tillage and grazing land uses suggests there is clear potential for these land uses to become carbon sources depending on the acidity of the soil.

The Analysis of Ruminant Cattle Potential as a Source of Meat Production in East Nusa Tenggara Regency

East Tenggara Timur (NTT) Province that was often called by cattle source mastering ruminant livestock commodity including: beef cattle was 803.450, dairy cows was 39 and buffalo was 133.122, totally was 936.611. In regarding to the land area that was managed by household including: not agricultural land area was 396,19 m2, agricultural land area i.e. rice field land area was 1.228,38 m2, not rice field land area was 7.616,50m2, the land area totally was 8.844,88 m2 (agricultural sense, 2013). Based on the ability, the research was conducted by the writer toward three regencies in NTT, those regency were: Kupang, Timur Tengah Selatan (TTS) and Belu. Belu regency has ruminant cattle that looked after of food land, horticultural and plantation. The result of this research were: (1) Math relation between food land (X) towards beef cows population (Y), it was obtained Y = 110, 23238792-1,7048432552 X and R2 = 0,9838238238085. (P&lt;0.01). (2) Math relation between plantation land area (X) towards beef cows population (Y) was Y = 116,59960539 – 2,4734723692 X and R2 = 0,983288695 (P&lt;0.01). (3) Math relation between horticultural land area (X) towards beef cows population (Y) was no significantly differ (P&gt;0,05). (4) The buffalo Location Quotient (LQ) value was 6,291957 in Kupang regency, next to the buffalo LQ value was 4,94106 in TTS regency and the buffalo LQ value was 2,076242 in Belu regency. The dairy cows LQ value was 1.457694 found in TTS regency. This research result was able to be concluded that livestock population towards food land and plantation high reality positive relation (R2 = 0,98 P&lt;0,01). LQ value of buffalo cattle was continuously highest obtained in Kupang regency, TTS and Belu, thus it could become buffalo cattle central for other district in NTT province. As well as, in TTS regency it could be central of dairy cattle therefore it was larger than one.

Android based Solar Powered Automatic Irrigation System

Background/Objectives: India is an agriculture based country. Agriculture is the main source of food for any country and thus it is important to have a proper irrigation system. Due to global warming and many climate changes nowadays there is no fixed time of rain and the amount of rain so there is a great chance of the crops getting destroyed. Less rain leads to under irrigation and excessive rain leads to over irrigation and both these would result in yield reduction. In this paper we introduce a system which can control the irrigation according to the need. Methods/Statistical Analysis: In this paper we introduce a system which can control the irrigation according to the need. This system consists of temperature, moisture and PH sensors which will tell the user about the conditions of the field and according to it the user can control the system. This system is also automatic i.e. we can preset some certain values for the moisture and when the moisture goes below the threshold level the system will automatically switch on the pumps until the moisture level goes to the required. Findings: The system is powered by a renewable source of energy i.e. solar energy. This system is connected to the user by IOT (Internet Of Things) and user can check the status and control the system from the android mobile phone. There is also a LCD which displays the moisture, temperature and the pH of the soil. Application/Improvements: This system can be implemented in farms, parks, horticulture land and wherever there is a need for efficient irrigation system. This system supports aggressive water management for the agriculture land. The design is low power, low cost, small size, robust and highly versatile.

Evaluating the impact of changes in land cover and climate variability on streamflow trends (case study: eastern subbasins of Lake Urmia, Iran)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the land cover change in the eastern subbasins of Lake Urmia basin through classification and statistical analyses. Results of land cover classification analysis indicated that 41.4% and 27.2% of the study area was covered by pasture land in 1976 and 2011, respectively. This significant decrease in pasture land is mainly due to the expansion of agricultural land. So that, the crop land, horticultural land and rainfed land have increased during last 35 years by 412% 333% and 672%, respectively. Trend analysis showed a significant increasing temperature trend throughout the region and an area-specific precipitation trend. The trend tests also confirmed a general decreasing trend in region streamflows that was more pronounced in the downstream stations. Finally, correlation between streamflow changes with simultaneous changes in climatic variables and land cover showed streamflow are more sensitive to changes in land cover than temperature.

Influence of land use/land cover on the water chemistry of Wular Lake in Kashmir Himalaya (India)

Abstract Introduction The impacts of land use/land cover (LULC) pattern on surface components of water are less well recognized, particularly in the Kashmir Himalaya. The paper highlights the relationship between LULC and water chemistry for Wular Lake in Kashmir Himalaya. Methods We used Indian Remote Sensing satellite (IRS) P6 using LISS III sensor with a spatial resolution of 23.5 m for various LULC categories. ERDAS IMAGINE 9.0 and ArcGIS 9.3 were used to generate the LULC map. Water parameters like pH and temperature were measured in the field, while parameters like dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, chloride, alkalinity nitrogen and phosphorus values were determined by APHA (Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1998). Results The present study provides us the information about the proportion of different land cover categories and their correlation with some limnological parameters of Wular Lake. Among the various physicochemical parameters, low dissolved oxygen (DO) was observed in the LULC class which has the highest percentage of agricultural land (47.04%; r = 0.688 P &lt; 0.05) followed by horticultural land (19.10%; r = 0.554; P &lt; 0.01) in its catchment. The catchment area with greater percentage of agricultural fields drains maximum fertilizers in the lake, resulting in growth of microorganisms that deplete the dissolved oxygen content in the water body. Conclusions Pearson matrix predicts that agricultural land, built up, horticultural land and wasteland seem to be the foremost factors responsible for the deterioration of the water quality of the lake. Careful planning of land use is needed to bring significant reductions in nutrient exports from agriculture through various tributaries, in order to restore and maintain water quality of the lake. If this trend of agriculturization manifestation continues unabated, it will be difficult to restore the lake water quality and to subsequently correct ecological manifestation of eutrophication through which the lake is undergoing at present.

Carbon Sequestration in the Soils under Horticulture Land Use in Haryana State

A study was undertaken in Haryana to estimate Soil organic carbon stock under different orchards available there under horticulture land uses which covered 47,036 ha area in Haryana. Maximum organic carbon stock was observed under Mango (36.24 t ha-1) followed by Nebu (35.85 t ha-1), Ber (30.37 t ha-1), Guava (29.45 t ha-1), Kinnu (25.11 t ha-1), Aonla (24.67 t ha-1), Malta (24.20 t ha-1) and the least was under the combination of Aonla + Anar (14.97 t ha-1). When SOC stock under different horticulture species was tested by one - way ANOVA, it was found that SOC stock under different species was significantly different (Variance ratio, F = 4.086; p = &lt; 0.05). SOC stock under Mango was significantly different from the SOC stock under all other species except Nebu, Malta and Grapes. Mitigation potential indicates that soils under Mango and Nebu can sequester nearly two and half times more SOC as compared to that in Aonla + Anar orchard, while the soils under Ber and Guava and Kinnu can sequester nearly double the amount of SOC stock in comparison to Aonla+ Anar orchard. Over all, in Haryana the soils under horticulture land use have 1.37 million tones of SOC stock which is equivalent to 5.05 million tons of CO2.