Dream Of The Red Chamber Research Articles

A Study on Chinese-English Translation of Cursing Expressions as Culture-Specific Items in David Hawkes’ Version of Hong Lou Meng

Cursing expressions are inevitable in all languages. Some of them are profoundly rooted in a specific culture known to its own people, which fall into the category of culture-specific items (CSIs)— proper nouns and common expressions that are rich in cultural connotation. This paper aims to find out proper translation techniques dealing with these culture-loaded cursing expressions by applying Aixelá’s 11 techniques for translating CSIs. On the basis of analyzing the samples and statistics of 7 cursing expressions from Hong Lou Meng and their equivalents in The Story of the Stone, the English translation, this study shows that only 4 of his 11 techniques should be applied to translating Chinese cursing expressions as CSIs into English, namely, “naturalization”, “absolute universalization”, “linguistic (non-cultural) translation” and “omission”. It is hoped that these techniques could be further applied to the Chinese-English translation studies and practice of CSIs as a whole.

A Preliminary Study of the Ink Painting Technique in The Dream of Red Mansions

As we all know, a batch of excellent note novels emerged in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Among these books, "The Dream of the Red Chamber" is undoubtedly the best work of ancient Chinese novels, and the description of clothing is also very accurate and unique. "A dream of Red Mansions" has many accurate descriptions of clothing and textile. There are 173 entries about clothing, involving as many as 50 entries in textile and clothing. Mr. Zhou Ruchang even called Cao Xueqin "the expert of clothing display". It provides rich materials for the research of the history of textile science and technology. Among them, the ink painting technique also occupies an important position, and has a profound significance for the development of textile and clothing in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

“Classical Realism” and the Problematic of Marxist Literary Criticism—An Examination of Wu Zuxiang’s Review on Dream of the Red Chamber

“Classical Realism” and the Problematic of Marxist Literary Criticism—An Examination of Wu Zuxiang’s Review on Dream of the Red Chamber

A Comparative Study of the Translation of Material Culture-loaded Words of Hongloumeng in the Light of Skopostheorie

Hongloumeng, one of the masterpieces in China, a splendid history of classical literature, carries a large amount of Chinese traditional culture elements and culture-loaded words. This paper will apply skopos theory as the theoretical framework and analyze the translation of material culture-loaded words in Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yangs’ translation of A Dream of Red Mansions and The Story of the Stone by David Hawkes. And then the author will try to list some representative culture-loaded words and reveal that how the skopos influences the translators’ choice of translation methods and strategies in translation, and what effect or effects can be achieved. Some conclusions can be drawn.

Prose, Verse and Authorship in Dream of the Red Chamber: A Stylometric Analysis

ABSTRACT In this study, we provide a quantitative analysis of prose and verse in the classical Chinese novel, Dream of the Red Chamber (DRC), and discuss the implications for the disputed authorship of the novel. Firstly, we examine the amount of verse in across the chapters of DRC, and compare the style of the verse and prose portions of DRC. Secondly, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of DRC is performed based on the prose portions of the novel. Lastly, we discuss the implications of our experimental results for authorship attribution as well as descriptive stylistic analysis of DRC. Our authorial analysis largely confirms the findings of some previous studies that the novel has two authors. Meanwhile, stylistic analyses of the prose portions of the novel yield new and interesting results, which demonstrates that stylometric tools can be used to facilitate descriptive studies of classical Chinese literature.

Analysis on Translation Strategies of Hawks’ The Story of the Stone: Extractions of Dialects by Python from Hongloumeng

Analysis on Translation Strategies of Hawks’ The Story of the Stone: Extractions of Dialects by Python from Hongloumeng

Love in Dreams and Illusions: Fate and Prognostication in Hongloumeng

ABSTRACT Fate is denoted as an explicit theme in the classical Chinese novel Hongloumeng 紅樓夢 [A Dream of the Red Mansion, a.k.a. The Story of the Stone]. The crucial ideas of love, fate and prognostication are entangled with and deliberately interrelated with the narrative techniques of Hongloumeng. Hinted in the dreams and hallucinations, almost all female characters are unable to refrain from falling into the wheels of prognosticated fate. The effects of fate and prognostication also fall upon Jia Baoyu 賈寶玉, amidst a group of charismatic females, who is depicted as being obsessed in feminine passion and desire. In the final chapters, his ultimate release from worldly attachments, believed to be fulfilled by the identity of a Buddhist monk, displays such metamorphosis accompanied by the transmigrated nature of the stone-jade that penetrates the whole story. Love, dreams, illusions and fate work closely in successfully rendering the plot of the novel, under which dreadful predictions disclose themselves in a subconscious sense. The Buddhist ideas that everything is never permanent, which must gradually return to their original void, and people’s attachments to worldly riches and cravings are strongly fated to be hindrances to final enlightenment.

The Chinese Classical Novel “Dream in the Red Chamber” in the Woodblock Illustrated Editions and Popular Woodblock Prints from the Collections of Saint Petersburg

The study focuses on the illustrated woodblock editions of the renown Chinese classical novel Dream of the Red Chamber by Cao Хueqin (1715–1763), as well as albums and popular woodblock prints (or nianhua 年畫) featuring protagonists and scenes from the novel. The books and popular prints discussed in this study were found at the Oriental Section of the M. Gorky Academic Library (Saint Petersburg State University) and Russian museums: the State Hermitage, the State Museum of the History of Religion, Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography RAS etc. Aim of the study is to reveal specific methods of portraying scenes and protagonists in book illustrations and popular prints and explain their differences. While illustrated books should have met tastes of the literate audience, popular woodblocks were appreciated by both illiterate and literate rural and urban population, who primarily valued their auspicious meaning. The paper shows differences between book illustrations and woodblock prints, revealing connections between albums and popular prints. The latter even though followed old conventions of composition, line and coloring received stylistic influence of the recognized painter Gai Qi (1773–1828) and his album with portraits of female protagonists (1879). Another painter Qian Huian (1833–1911) was invited to help printing houses with setting standards of depicting scenes from the novel. It is worth mentioning thatartists who produced popular prints at Yangliuqing had favorite themes, scenes and protagonists, which met the tastes of wide public.

Иллюстрированные издания и народные картины няньхуа к новеллам Пу Сунлина

The paper studies connections between the illustrated lithographic edition of Pu Songling’s 蒲松齡 (1640–1715) “Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio with annotations, poems, and illustrations” (詳註聊齋誌異圖詠Xiangzhu liaozhai zhiyi tuyong, 1886), a collection of illustrations by Shanghai publishing house Tongwenshuju 同文書局 and several popular woodblock prints 年畫 nianhua found in Russian collections (Peter the Great Museum of Ethnography and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, State Hermitage, Geographic Society) in order to learn how Pu Songling’s stories circulated in the society of late Qing China, and the perception of literature written in classical language by the wider public. The conclusions are that the aforementioned illustrated lithographic edition may have prompted creation of woodblock prints based on Pu Songling’s stories, where nianhua artists borrowed poetic inscriptions and composition of the lithographic illustrations. The small amount of such prints in comparison with those illustrating classical Ming-Qing novels such as Romance of The Three Kingdoms 三國演義, Journey to the West 西遊記, Dream of the Red Chamber 紅樓夢 allows to suggest that novels remained the favourite among the literati, while illiterate consumers of popular prints could appreciate their auspicious meaning more than the story. The fact that majority of the discovered nianhua pictures were produced at the oldest and largest printing shops in Yangliqing 楊柳青 – Dai lianzeng 戴廉增 and Qi jianlong 齊健隆 famous for their fine artistic quality proves that their customer base was mostly comprised of wealthier and more literate public.

On English Translatability Limits of Dress Culture in A Dream of Red Mansions

On English Translatability Limits of Dress Culture in A Dream of Red Mansions

The Translation of "Red" in the English Version of "A Dream of Red Mansions" from the Perspective of Functional Teleology

三仓出版社主要从事中文国际开源期刊的出版与发行，期刊领域涵盖工程技术、数学与物理、人文社会、信息科学、经济与管理、医药卫生、农业、地球环境等学科，借助互联网思维及现代信息技术，立足国内高校及研究机构的科研需求，力图推动中国学术界知识的交流与传播，可期刊发表、发表论文、快速发表，见刊快。三仓出版社欢迎广大科研学者加入我们，参与审稿，合作办刊，投稿荐稿，与中文期刊一同成长壮大。如果您对期刊有任何的意见或者建议，请联系service@sciscanpub.com.

认知语言学视角下《红楼梦》史华慈译本谚语翻译策略分析——以前八十回为例

认知语言学视角下《红楼梦》史华慈译本谚语翻译策略分析——以前八十回为例

基于等价性检验和特征聚类的《红楼梦》作者分析

基于等价性检验和特征聚类的《红楼梦》作者分析

Reconstitution of Motor Proteins through Molecular Assembly

What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?The most favorite and original chemistry developed in my research group is about the reconstitution of motor proteins in artificially designed and assembled units. It is based on the molecular assembly technique, but the method is different from the conventional approach. We have developed a Schiff base layer‐by‐layer assembly, which has been demonstrated to be particularly useful to assemble systems from biological molecules. With this strategy, we are able to artificially construct different types of large biological units with structures and functions of chloroplasts and mitochondria. Thus we can mimick biological activities similar to those of living system. We have spent nearly two decades to develop this method, which is now well accepted worldwide.How do you get into this specific field? Could you please share some experiences with our readers?I get into this specific field starting at the 200th Xiangshan conference on biomembrane in 2003. The topic of this meeting was about biological membranes. On this meeting, Prof. Fuyu Yang mentioned and introduced for the first time about the FoF1‐ATPase as a rotated motor protein. For their recognition of the hydrolysis mechanism on FoF1‐ATPas, three scientists, Paul D. Boyer, John E. Walker, Jens C. Skou had received the Nobel Price on Chemistry in 1997. When I attended the 2003 Xiangshan meeting, I heard for the first time about the structure and the function of this biological motor. I was fascinated and thought that this protein could be used to artificially assemble a more complicated system, in essence a simplified arrangement of the natural protein complex.In 2004, I started to have one Ph.D student working on this topic. It cost us quite some time and effort to extract and purify this protein from plants. This biotechnology effort was hard work for us chemists. In the end，it took us almost three years to work this out and to finally produce sufficiently motor proteins including the linear motors, kinesins in adequate amount. Based on the proper characterization of FoF1‐ATPas, we finally managed to successfully reconstitute it into a biological membrane in a larger size as the first biomimetic system.How do you supervise your students?First of all, I give the students a lot of autonomy to select a certain topic within a general work frame. For them this is quite motivating, because they work on what they selected based on their own interests. Normally this approach works well. Only occasionally the direction of of his/her study has to be corrected directly by myself.What is the most important personality for scientific research?The most important personality for scientific research to me is the “persistence” and “patience” in face of the long duration and often frustrating challenges typically for scientific work.What's your hobbies? What's your favorite book(s)?I am particularly interested in Architecture and Painting. I also enjoy photography, films and classical music. My favorite books are Dream of the Red Chamber (红楼梦) and Les Miséables.How do you keep balance between research and family?I do take care of my family very much, especially the education of my two daughters. But I never put too much pressure on their studies. They study well and they also like sports, music, and films. They can play several different musical instruments. During the summer holidays, I often travel around with my family. I consider it as quite important to experience and recognize the world with social activities.Who influences you mostly in your life?My father and my brother. From my father I have learned the ability to solve various problems in daily life. My brother triggered my interest in science.What is your favorite journal(s)?No particular journals! But I do like those journals, which focus more on publishing original work.Could you please give us some advices on improving Chinese Journal of Chemistry?I am very pleased to accept CJC's interview. I do have the impression that this journal is getting better and better. It improves rapidly and is well recognized by our co‐workers. I personally also value it as an international journal in our research area. I am convinced that publishing on some featured topic or some featured articles will no doubt increase the influence of the journal.Activities in the living organisms are propelled by protein‐style machines named molecular motors (or motor proteins). Molecular motors, such as myosin, kinesin, dynein, and ATPase, are abundant in living cells, and play crucial roles in the intracellular transportation and energy conversion. The vital functions and high‐efficient energy conversion of these molecular motors enable substantial researches on their reconstitution in vitro. In this review, we will summarize the recent progresses on the biomimetic assembly of biomolecular motors (FoF1‐ATPase and kinesin) and introduce the strategies used for the manipulation of their functions.

Re-examination of ‘Culturemes’ and ‘Cultural Blanks’ in the Translation of A Dream of Red Mansions(紅樓夢) into Korean Language

Re-examination of ‘Culturemes’ and ‘Cultural Blanks’ in the Translation of A Dream of Red Mansions(紅樓夢) into Korean Language

Appreciative joy rooted in Chinese culture: Its relationship with strengths in values in action

ABSTRACTAppreciative joy refers to feeling happy for others with appreciative and unenvious attitudes, which is a strength-like construct emphasized much more in Chinese than in Western culture. The current study provides an initial exploration of appreciative joy’s relationship with the strengths in the Values in Action (VIA) framework. Study 1 with 516 online participants showed that appreciative joy was positively correlated with the VIA strengths and provided an incremental explanation for subjective well-being and envy after controlling for the 24 VIA strengths. Study 2 recruited 559 readers of a Chinese novel (The Dream of the Red Chamber) and showed that appreciative joy was associated with the perception of the outstanding strength of characters in the novel after controlling for interpersonal strengths. These findings illustrate both similarities and differences between appreciative joy and strengths in VIA and hold multiple implications for research on appreciative joy, positive psychology and cultural diversity.

《紅樓夢》韓國現代譯本中有名詞的飜譯初探

《紅樓夢》韓國現代譯本中有名詞的飜譯初探

Sampling frequency dependent visibility graphlet approach to time series.

Recent years have witnessed special attention on complex network based time series analysis. To extract evolutionary behaviors of a complex system, an interesting strategy is to separate the time series into successive segments, map them further to graphlets as representatives of states, and extract from the state (graphlet) chain transition properties, called graphlet based time series analysis. Generally speaking, properties of time series depend on the time scale. In reality, a time series consists of records that are sampled usually with a specific frequency. A natural question is how the evolutionary behaviors obtained with the graphlet approach depend on the sampling frequency? In the present paper, a new concept called the sampling frequency dependent visibility graphlet is proposed to answer this problem. The key idea is to extract a new set of series in which the successive elements have a specified delay and obtain the state transition network with the graphlet based approach. The dependence of the state transition network on the sampling period (delay) can show us the characteristics of the time series at different time scales. Detailed calculations are conducted with time series produced by the fractional Brownian motion, logistic map and Rössler system, and the empirical sentence length series for the famous Chinese novel entitled A Story of the Stone. It is found that the transition networks for fractional Brownian motions with different Hurst exponents all share a backbone pattern. The linkage strengths in the backbones for the motions with different Hurst exponents have small but distinguishable differences in quantity. The pattern also occurs in the sentence length series; however, the linkage strengths in the pattern have significant differences with that for the fractional Brownian motions. For the period-eight trajectory generated with the logistic map, there appear three different patterns corresponding to the conditions of the sampling period being odd/even-fold of eight or not both. For the chaotic trajectory of the logistic map, the backbone pattern of the transition network for sampling 1 saturates rapidly to a new structure when the sampling period is larger than 2. For the chaotic trajectory of the Rössler system, the backbone structure of the transition network is initially formed with two self-loops, the linkage strengths of which decrease monotonically with the increase of the sampling period. When the sampling period reaches 9, a new large loop appears. The pattern saturates to a complex structure when the sampling period is larger than 11. Hence, the new concept can tell us new information on the trajectories. It can be extended to analyze other series produced by brains, stock markets, and so on.

THE TRANSCULTURAL SEMANTICS IN THE WORKS BY JIN YONG

The works by Chinese Hong Kong writer Jin Yong (1924-2018) fare in the focus of Chinese readers’ attention as the exemplified wu-xia literature. His novels only recently became the object of literary studies within China, and are seen as an alternative to the literary discourse founded by the May Fourth Movement. The article is focused on the transcultural qualities of his prose. Though the imagery and background in his works are distinctly ancient Chinese, embodying the genre principle ancient clothing“’, a lot of techniques, including plot development, characters’ traits are highly reminiscent of Western literature, namely the works by A. Dumas and Shakespearean drama. 
 The Chinese component in the work by Jin Yong is defined as threefold. The first and the most easily noticed is the language, drastically different from China mainland official Putonghua or Mandarin, seen as a complicated sometimes to eccentricity mixture of baihua and wenyan, the lively bright and colorful idiom literally breathing the Chinese tradition. The second component is defined by the titular wu-xia genre. The necessary core of Jin Yong’s novels imagery is the ethics and aesthetics of Chinese legendary “river and lake” chivalric society, with its strong and straightforward sense of justice, martial arts, romance, mysticism and complicated political intrigues. The third component is represented by the vast dialogue with the Chinese canon, from the ancient chronicles to the pre-modern novels such as “The Dream of the Red Chamber’’. It can take the form of creative rethinking and character modernization, almost always with distinct irony.

“蹙非蹙罥烟眉，喜非喜含情目”——林黛玉情感隐喻管窥

“蹙非蹙罥烟眉，喜非喜含情目”——林黛玉情感隐喻管窥