Hollow Glass Fibers Research Articles

Deformation of the glass in the zone of formation of a hollow glass fiber

An equation has been derived for the deformation of the glass in the zone of formation of a hollow glass fiber, and the nature of the deformation along the length of the "bulb" has been determined. The principal technological factors controlling the capillarity coefficient of the fiber have been established and their interactions are shown to affect the geometric characteristics of the fiber. The region of existence of the hollow fiber formation process has been determined. There is satisfactory agreement between the experimental and theoretical data.

Interference patterns of a plane-polarized wave from a hollow glass fiber

Irradiation of a hollow glass fiber, normal to its axis, by a plane-polarized laser source produces a coaxial interference pattern with distinctive features that can be related to the cross-sectional geometry of the fiber, providing a sensitive means of non-destructive monitoring of the outer radius and the ratio of inner and outer radii. The phenomena involved in this interpretation are explained and reconstructed by use of a ray-vector approach, by which the incident wavefront is decomposed into the component interactions of reflection and refraction with the fiber to give the emergent wavefronts. A number of measurements made on some samples demonstrate the proposals.

A survey of integrated optics

In order for optical transmission systems to compete successfully with other techniques, the circuits must be comparably small, comparably rugged, and comparably priced. The avenue to achieving these characteristics is via miniature guided-wave structures in contrast to beam-mode propagation via lenses and mirrors. Passive miniature transmission lines with satisfactory losses have been formed in glass and fused silica using ion bombardment and reactive sputtering. Certain crystalline systems seem well adapted to thin-film non-linear interactions at low absolute-power levels. Nonlinear liquids in hollow glass fibers can be used to achieve interaction lengths of a meter or more with the field concentrated to a few wavelengths width in the transverse direction. Photolithographic techniques based on visible or ultraviolet exposure of the photoresist yield waveguide-edge roughness greater than that needed for optical circuitry. However, electron beam exposure of the photoresist seems capable of yielding satisfactory results.

Hollow-fiber glass-reinforced plastics with increased specific bending stiffness

It is shown that the use of hollow glass fibers makes possible a considerable increase in the specific bending stiffness of a glass-reinforced plastic as compared with solid-fiber material. At the same time, the thermophysical and dielectric properties are significantly improved.

Glass filaments for surface studies

A hollow glass fibre, coaxially sealed to a metal wire so that the glass and its surface represent the experimental system, is readily applicable to glass surface studies such as outgassing and surface volatilization processes.