History Of Pharmacy Research Articles

Remarks at the McWhorter School of Pharmacy’s Pharmacy History Gallery Dedication

It is a distinct honor to be representing the American Institute of the History of Pharmacy (we call it AIHP). As we gather for this “Pharmacy History Gallery,” we might legitimately ask, why worry with history? Glenn Sonnedecker, pharmacy’s preeminent historian, has said, “Historical

Archaeological medicinal earths as antibacterial agents: the case of the Basel Lemnian sphragides

Abstract This paper presents the scientific investigation of three Lemnian sphragides ( terra sigillata , stamped earth), a famed medicinal clay in antiquity, dated to the sixteenth–seventeenth centuries, and presently in the Museum for the History of Pharmacy, University of Basel. The three specimens are compared with clays from the purported locality of its extraction, at Kotsinas, NE Lemnos, Greece. The study suggests a local origin for the Basel samples; it also demonstrates, for the first time, that the three Lemnian sphragides have a significant antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus , a common Gram-positive pathogen, but have no such effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa , a Gram-negative microorganism. Clay samples from the purported locality of extraction showed no antibacterial effect against S. aureus . Subsequent analysis with ultra-performance liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) revealed the presence of organic constituents in one sphragis which were absent from a sample of modern clay. A fungal secondary metabolite is proposed here as the active ingredient but other factors may also play a role. The ongoing investigation into the bioactivity of some medicinal clays might aid in the re-evaluation of Belon's statement included at the start of this paper, namely, that the Lemnian earth worked only because people in the past wished it to work.

Have You Heard?

In August 2017, the American Institute of the History of Pharmacy launched a new website at <https://aihp.org>. The redesign and reorganization of AIHP’s web presence took nearly a full year of planning and many months of writing new content. The AIHP website now contains more comprehensive

Remarks at the McWhorter School of Pharmacy's Pharmacy History Gallery Dedication

Remarks at the McWhorter School of Pharmacy's Pharmacy History Gallery Dedication

Samford University Dedicates Pharmacy History Gallery

Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy dedicated its new Pharmacy History Gallery on February 23, 2017. The gallery resides in the College of Health Sciences under the direction of its curator, Dr. Terri Wensel who is an associate professor in the school of pharmacy. The purpose of this

Prilog poznavanju povijesti franjevačke ljekarne u Varaždinu

Prilog poznavanju povijesti franjevačke ljekarne u Varaždinu

Wartość reklam prasowych jako źródeł do historii farmacji na przykładzie ogłoszeń zamieszczanych w „Gazecie Toruńskiej” w latach 1867-1921

W artykule podjęto problem wartości reklam prasowych jako źródeł historyczno-farmaceutycznych. Przedstawiono wyniki analizy 7869 ogłoszeń produktów leczniczych i wyrobów medycznych zamieszczonych w latach 1867-1921 w dzienniku „Gazeta Toruńska”. Ustalono, jakie działanie farmakologiczne miały reklamowane produkty, jakie prawdopodobnie zawierały składniki i jakie miały postaci farmaceutyczne. Ponadto przeanalizowano elementy wizualne reklam i sposoby nadawania im pozorów informacji wiarygodnej. Potwierdzono przydatność reklam prasowych dla historii farmacji.

Primary Care Provider Perspectives on Electronic Medication Refill History.

Improvements in health information technology have made aggregate multipayer pharmacy claims data increasingly available through the electronic health record (EHR). The objective of this study was to assess the current awareness, utilization, and impact of pharmacy history data available in the EHR on primary care provider (PCP) decision making. A 14-question survey was distributed to all PCPs in a large medical practice. Of the 55/72 responding PCPs, 47 (85.5%) were aware of the EHR medication history function, and 36 (65.5%) had used it previously. Respondents indicated the medication history could be most useful when considering prescribing a narcotic (33/36, 92%) and when addressing nonadherence concerns (28/35, 80%). Barriers included delays in data loading and the time pressures of clinical practice. Access to aggregate multipayer pharmacy history data has the potential to affect medication reconciliation, yet future implementation should focus on making these data complete and easily available in routine practice.

A brief history of pharmacy: humanity's search for wellness

Preface Introduction: The Essentials of Pharmacy Chapter 1: Prehistoric Pharmacy: aka From Stones and Bones to Weeds and Seeds Chapter 2: Ancient Pharmacy: Mesopotamia: The First of the River Civilizations Chapter 3: Pharmacy in Ancient Egypt Chpater 4: Ancient India: Ayurvedic Pharmacy and Medicine Chapter 5: Ancient Chinese Pharmacy Chapter 6: Pharmacy in Ancient Greece and Rome during the Classical Age Chapter 7: Medieval Pharmacy in the West: Pharmacy in an Age of Faith Chapter 8: Arab and Islamic Pharmacy Chapter 9: Pharmacy during the European Renaissance and Early Modern Era Chapter 10: 18th and 19th Century Pharmacy: From Apothecary to Chemist to Pharmacist Chapter 11: Colonial and Early American Pharmacy Chapter 12: The Era of Alternative and Patent Medicine Chapter 13: US Pharmacy Organizes and Promotes a New Vision for the Practice of Pharmacy Chapter 14: Pharmacy Education: Learning how to Learn Chapter 15: The Origin and Growth of the Pharmaceutical Industry Chapter 16: The Emergence of the Corner Drugstore: An American Institution Chapter 17: From Penicillin to Viagra: The Drugs We Can't Live Without Glossary Appendices

The design of a history of pharmacy course in the bachelor of pharmacy curriculum in the UAE experience.

The study of history of pharmacy is deserving of consideration as a review of past, so that we may understand present, and thus be enabled to plan intelligently for future.1 However, inclusion of this syllabus has suffered a crushing blow in global context. For example, in US, Buerki (1981) conducted a far-reaching survey and reported that almost 40% of pharmacy schools offered either required or elective course work in history of pharmacy, 32% offered orientation courses that contained some historical component, and 29% offered no such course work. Notably, there was a significant decline in number of pharmacy schools offering this course. Buerki's findings may have prompted American Council on Pharmaceutical Education to adopt a strong policy statement on teaching history and social studies of pharmacy later that same year.2 Even in past, Edward Kremers remarked parenthetically in an 1892 address before American Public Health Association (APHA) Section on Pharmaceutical Education and Legislation that, the professional student should at least have a fair knowledge of this history of his profession”.3 What is problem? In UAE, little attention is given to historical aspects of pharmacy as a standalone course in pharmacy curriculum.4-7 In other words, until recently, course History of Pharmacy has not been introduced in BPharm or PharmD curricula offered by pharmacy colleges, including Dubai Pharmacy College (DPC) - first pharmacy college in region established in 1992. In recent times, Commission for Academic Accreditation, Ministry for Higher Education and Scientific Research, UAE; specifies in 2011 “Standards for Licensure and Accreditation”, section that institutions must ensure that all undergraduate students complete equivalent of one or more university level courses in humanities, appropriate to program offerings.8 In compliance, DPC designed a course titled “History of Pharmacy” in domain of Humanities. This course is offered to BPharm students with purpose of acquiring knowledge and critical thinking skills to understand a variety of perspectives and diverse historical experiences resulting in enhancing aspects of competence in terms of: autonomy and responsibility, role in context, and self-development.9

Dissertations in the History of Pharmacy

Dissertations in the History of Pharmacy

Dissertations in the History of Pharmacy

Clayton, Denise Hammock. “Essays in health economics,” University of California, San Diego, Ph.D., 2015, 102 p., 3712196. The author looks at how public health programs and prescription drug insurance affect health and health-related behaviors and expenditures. The first chapter examines the

Dissertations in the History of Pharmacy

Dissertations in the History of Pharmacy

Development and Use of a Video about the History of Pharmacy: The Case of Québec.

Development and Use of a Video about the History of Pharmacy: The Case of Québec.

Dissertations in the History of Pharmacy

Koroloff, Rachel. “Seeds of exchange: Collecting for Russia’s apothecary and botanical gardens in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries,” University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Ph.D., 2014, 250 p., 3710771. This study follows the collection and cultivation of plants in the Russian

Studies on the History of Pharmacy and the Evolution of Word Usage -Japanese Yakumi and Ryouri-

Studies on the History of Pharmacy and the Evolution of Word Usage -Japanese Yakumi and Ryouri-

Development and Use of a Video about the History of Pharmacy: The Case of Québec

Louis Hébert was among the newcomers to settle in New France in the seventeenth century. After intermittent stays in Acadia from 1606 to 1613, he established his family in New France in 1617. Born around 1540, his father was an apothecary-grocer and he worked as a “pharmacist” for his father.

Seventy Years of Biochemical Subjects' Development in Pharmacy Curricula: Experience from Serbia.

SummaryIntroductionThe pharmacists played an important role in the development of biochemistry as applied chemistry in Serbia. What is more, the first seven state chemists in Serbia were pharmacists. State chemists performed the chemical-toxicological analysis as well as some medical and biochemical ones. When it comes to the education of medical biochemists as health workers, the period after the beginning of the second half of the twentieth century should be taken into account because that is when the training of pharmaceutical staff of the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, begins on the territory of Serbia. This paper presents the development of medical biochemistry through the development of curriculum, personnel and literature since the foundation of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Serbia until today.ObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to present the historical development of biochemistry at the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, through analysis of three indicators: undergraduate and postgraduate education of medical biochemists, teaching literature and professional associations and trade associations.MethodThe method of direct data was applied in this paper. Also, desktop analysis was used for analyzing of secondary data, regulations, curricula, documents and bibliographic material. Desktop research was conducted and based on the following sources: Archives of the University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Museum of the History of Pharmacy at the University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, the Society of Medical Biochemists of Serbia and the Serbian Chamber of Biochemists.Results and conclusionThe curricula, the Bologna process of improving education, the expansion of the range of subjects, the number of students, professional literature for teaching biochemistry, as well as professional associations and trade associations are presented through the results.

Turhan Baytop (1920-2002): A pioneer historian of pharmacy from Turkey.

Turhan Baytop, a Turkish professor of pharmacognosy (the scientific study of crude drugs of animal, vegetable, and mineral origin), received international acclaim not only for his contributions in collecting and identifying the Anatolian plants, but also for his extensive research shedding light on the history of Turkish pharmacy. As a devoted researcher, collector, and lecturer, T Baytop was a genuine pioneer of the history of pharmacy as a discipline in Turkey.

Patterns of Drugs and Drug Metabolites Observed in Meconium: What Do They Mean?

Meconium drug testing is performed to detect potentially harmful drug exposures in a newborn. Interpretation of meconium drug testing results can be complicated based on the patterns and proportional concentrations of the drug(s) and/or drug metabolite(s) detected. The objective of this study was to analyze meconium drug testing patterns in a de-identified dataset from a national reference laboratory (n = 76,631) and in a subset of the data, wherein specimens originated at a single academic medical center for which detailed chart review was possible (n = 3635). Meconium testing was performed using 11 immunoassay-based drug screens. Specimens that were positive for one or more drug screens were reflexed to corresponding confirmation tests performed by gas chromatography or liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection, targeted to identify and quantitate specific parent drug(s) and metabolite(s). The positivity rate was the highest for the cannabis metabolite 11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (25.2%, n = 18,643), followed by opiates/oxycodone (23.2%, n = 17,778), amphetamine/methamphetamine (6.7%, n = 5134), cocaine metabolites (5.5%, n = 4205), methadone (5.3%, n = 4093), benzodiazepines (3.4%, n = 2603), barbiturates (1.1%, n = 834), propoxyphene (1.0%, n = 749), and phencyclidine (0.1%, n = 44). Based on documented pharmacy history, drugs administered to either the mother or newborn during the birth hospitalization were detected in meconium, providing evidence that drugs can be incorporated into meconium rapidly. Drugs administered directly to the newborn after birth were recovered in meconium as both parent drug and metabolites, providing evidence of neonatal metabolism. Overall, patterns observed in meconium exhibited many similarities to those patterns commonly reported with urine drug testing. Interpretation of meconium drug testing results requires comparison of results with clinical and analytical expectations, including maternal admissions to drug use, pharmacy history, recognized metabolic patterns for drugs of interest, cutoff concentrations, and other performance characteristics of the test. Concentrations of drug(s) and drug metabolites(s) may not reliably predict timing of drug use, extent of drug use, or frequency of drug exposures.